CREATIVE WRITING

CREATIVE WRITING – is the exercise of creative imaginative drama. Fiction or poetry.

= a form of artistic expression, draws on the imagination to convey meaning through the use
of imaginary, narrative and drama.
COMMON GENRES OF CREATIVE WRITING
FICTION – it is a literary work based on imagination rather than fact like novel or short story.
3 COMMON FORMS OF FICTION
= NOVEL – Is an invented prose, that deals imaginatively with human experiences
= NOVELLA – Is a fictional prose narrative that is longer and more complex than short story.
= SHORT STORY – work of prose that is shorter in length than a novel
ELEMENT OF FICTION
PLOT- the action element in fiction, is the arrangement of events that make up a story.
EXPOSITION – That provides background information needed to make sense of the action,
describes the setting, and introduces the major characters
CLIMAX – turning point, a moment of greatest tension.
RESOLUTION OF DONOUEMENT – The action falls off as the plots complications are sorted out
or resolved.
SETTING – is the physical and social context in which the action occurs. The place,
environment, time and the characters.
CHARACTERIZATION AND CHARACTERS – In a fiction can be conveniently classified as major
and minor static and dynamic eg. Protagonist antagonist and minor characters.
CHARACTERIZATION – Is a means by which writers represent and reveal characters, by
description, by showing the character in action.
TYPE OF CHARACTER
FLAT – Not central to the story.
ROUND – A complex, fully developed character, usually prone to change.
STATIC – this can be either round or flat, character whose actions are predictable.
DYNAMIC – a developing character usually center of the action
STOCK OR BARROWED PERSONAGE Ex: Longed nose
STEREOTYPE- A character to show any qualities.
UNIVERSAL- Characters with problems and traits common to all humanity
INDIVIDUAL- a more eccentric and unusual representation of character
POINT OF VIEW- Refers to who tells the story and how it is told
THIRD PERSON NARRATOR- Omniscient means the narrator is knowing and takes the reader
inside the character thoughts, feelings, and motives as well as shows the character say or do
LIMITED OMNISCIENT – the narrator takes reader inside one (or at most very few characters)
FIRST PERSON NARRATOR (Uses Pronoun I ) the narrator presents the view of only one
character’s consciousness, which limits the narrative to what the person narrator knows,
experiences, infers or can find out by talking to other characters

STYLE AND TONE OF THE AUTHOR

STYLE-is the way a writer chooses words ( diction) arranges them in sentences and longer units
of discourse (syntax) and exploit their significance.
TONE – is the authors implicit attitude toward the reader , subject and or the people, places
and events in a work revealed by the elements of the author style.
THEME – Is the central idea of meaning of a story.

CREATIVE NON FICTION – It is the writing composed of the real or of facts that employs the
same literary devices as fiction such as settings, voice or tone of the characters development

TYPES OF CREATIVE FICTION

THE PERSONAL ESSAY –a piece of writing, usually in the first person, the focuses on the topic or
a personal experience that strongly affect the reader VIS-À-VIS means ( in relation to / with
regards to )its apparent emotional impact on the narrator.
THE MEMOIR – is a longer piece of creative non fiction that delves deep into a writer personal
experiences.
THE SHORT STORY – is a typically narrative work that is concise and to the point. It uses
imaginary and details to relay the meaning or main idea of the piece.
LITERARY JOURNALISM – Uses techniques of journalism ( such as interview) in order to look
outside of the straigt forward, objective world that journalism creates.
LYRIC ESSAY - is similar to personal essay in that I also deals with topic that affect the reader.
WHAT IS POETRY?
A POEM IS A COLLECTION OF SPOKEN OR WRITTEN WORDS THAT EXPRESS IDEAS.
= characters
= it has focused purpose ( paints a picture, creates a feeling, tells story. Captures a moment )
= it includes sensory images for readers to See, hear, feels, Smell, Taste.
TYPES
HAIKU – A type of Japanese poem consisting of three unrhymed lines with ostly five, seven,
and five syllables in each line.
FREE VERSE – Consist of non- rhyming lines, without any metrical pattern, but which it follow a
natural rhythm.
EPIC a form of lengthy poem, often written in blank verse, in which poet shows a protagonist
in action of historical significance or a great mythic.
BALLAD – a type of narrative poem in which a story often talks about folk or legendary tales, it
may take the form of moral lesson.
SONNET- It is a form of lyrical poem containing fourteen lines. With iambic pentameter and
tone or mode changes after the eight line.
LIMERICK – This type of humorous poem with five anapestic line in which have two feet, with a
strict rhyme scheme of aabba.
VILLANELE- a Frence styled poem with nineteen lines, composed of three line stanza, with five
tersest and final quatrain. It uses refrain at the first and third line of each stanza.

ELEMENTS OF POETRY
An important method of analyzing a poem is to look at the stanza structure or style of a poem
STANZAS – Are a series of lines grouped together and separated by an empthy line from other
stanza.
COUPLET (2 LINES ) TERCET ( 3 LINES) QUATRAIN ( 4 LINES)
CINQUAIN ( 5LINES) SESTET OR SEXAIN ( 6 LINES) SEPTET (7 LINES )
OCTAVE (8 LINES)
FORM- A poem may or may not have specific number lines , rhyme scheme and / or metrical
pattern. Most common type of poems.
LYRIC POETRY – It is any poem with one speaker who expresses strong thought and feelings.
NARRATIVE POEM - It is a poem that tells story, it structure resembles the plot of the story.

MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which hypothesis of Krashen’s Monitor Model proposes that wehne learners are expose to
grammatical features a little beyond their current ( i.e. , I +1 ), those features are “ aquaired”.
Acquisition results from comprehensible input, which is made understandable with the help
provided by the context.
A. Acquisition/learning hypothesis
B. Natural order hypothesis
C. Input hypothesis
D. Affective filter hypothesis
All of the following are implications of Krashen’s Monitor Model EXCEPT
A. Teacher should correct the errors during the time they are commited as error
correction is valuable
B. Teacher should not insist on learners conversing before they feel comfortable in doing
so
C. Teacher should not expect learners to learn “ late structures” such as third person
singular early
D. Teacher consider grammatical teaching is of limited value
They view the languages as a system of related elements or “ building block” for the encoding
of meaning the elements being phonemes (sound) morphemes ( words) tagmemes
( phrases/sentences/clauses).
A. Structuralists
B. Transformationalists
C. Functionalist
D. Interactionalists

Which of the following is the view of a interactionalis?

A. Language is primarily vocal
B. Language is creative
 C. Language emphasizes the meaning and functions rather than the structures
D. Language is a vehicle for establishing interpersonal relationship

Which theory on language teaching has given birth to the methods that are learner-centered,
allowing learners to work in pairs or groups in information gap tasks and problem solving
activities where such communication strategies as information sharing, negotiation of meaning,
and interaction are used.
A. Structuralism
B. Behaviorism
C. Cognitivism
D. Functionalism

It is a branch of linguistics that deals with how words combine to form phrases, phrases
combine to form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.
A. Morphology
B. Syntax
C. Semantics
D. Pragmatics
What is shown I the systematic variation of /t/ such as /t/ in top is aspired, /t/ is stop is released
and /t/ in pot is unreleased?
A. Phoneme C. variation
B. Consonant D. allophone
What is illustrated in the following example? In English, the statement “ Mariam is a Linguist”
ends with a fall in pitch, while as a question, : Mariam is a Linguist?” the pitch goes up?
A. Stress C. intonation
B. Juncture D. suprasegmentals

Which of the following is an example derivational morpheme?

A. Helpful C. eaten
B. Stays D. longest
The words “gym, mike, and TV” are formed through.
A. Clipping B. back formation C. root creation D. compounding
What morphophonemic process is involved in which units that occur in some contexts are
“lost” in others such as “l I b r a r y” instead of “ l I b r a r y”?
A. Assimilation C. metathesis
B. Dissimilation D. epenthesis

Which syntactic sttucture is shown in the following example? Responsible officers, trusted
friend
A. Prediction C. modification
B. Complementation D. coordination
What is made use in this example “ I told Paul to close the door and he did so”?
A. Homonymy C. Deixis
B. Anaphora D. Hyponymy
What category of illocutionary act is demonstrated in the following example? Recession will
worsen in Europe in the next five years.
A. Representative C. directive
B. Commissive D. expressive
What conversation maxim seems to have been violated in the following example?
How was the LET?
Well, the proctor is my former college professor.
A. Maxim of quantity C. Maxim of relation
B. Maxim of quality D. Maxim of Manner
This view emphasizes that native language comprises habits that second language learner must
overcome. This is accomplished by forging new habits through repetition of pattern drills with
accompanying positive reinforcement.
A. Behaviorist learning theory C. Functional learning theory
B. Cognitive learning theory D. holistic learning theory
Over generalization errors susch as “goed” and “keeped” are common in children’s speech.
Such errors suggesr that children
A. Are repeating what was said to them, and should take note of them
B. Do not know the past tense forms of those verbs, and experiences difficulty
C. Induce the rules for the past tense from language to which they are exposed
D. Repeat the teacher’s mistakes, and those errors are very hard to undo
This type of language is used to describe the kind of language a learner uses at a given time,
that is, his version of a given language, which deviates in certain ways from the language of
mature speaker.
A. Dialect C. holophrastic speech
B. Native language D. inter language

According to cognitivists, error in second language learning is considered

A. Basis for testing
B. Part of learning process
C. As proofs of unsystematic way of learning
D. Not part of natural progression in acquisition of English

What aptly describes “ universal grammar”?

A. Language used for communication by people who speak different first languages
B. Rules applicable to all human languages
C. Language with the same vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation
D. Rules of grammar that distinguish one language from the others

At the border of two countries there is port where fishermen work. The fishermen do not speak
the same language, so they communicate using one that has been invented but only for the
purpose of trade. This scenario most accurately describe which of the following types of
language?
A. A dialect C. a Pidgin
B. A creole D. a regionalism

If the second language learner “assimilates” then he ______ .

A. Maintain his own life style and values and rejects those of the target language group
B. Adapt to the life style and values of the target language group but maintains its own life
style and values for the intragroup use
C. Gives up his own life style and values and adopts those of the target language group
D. Maximizes the use of his first language and target language

The following are the areas of knowledge and skills of communication competence EXCEPT
 A. Grammatical competence
B. Sociolinguistic competence
C. Discourse competence
D. Structural competence
What is the message of the story” The Centipede” by. Rony V. Diaz?
A. Childhood memories are treasures
B. Teasing or taunting should only done by adults
C. Children should be responsible with the trick they do with their siblings
D. Children relationship between siblings were sometimes painful

What problem is pointed out by the author in the story “ How My Brother Brought home a
Wife” by. Manuel Arguilla?
A. How Filipinos live in the province
B. How Filipinos solve family problems
C. How Filipinos are affected by new technology
D. How Filipinos accept or treat a new family member
What truth about life was presented in the story “ The Wedding Dance” by. Amador Daguio
A. Some men are not contented with one partner
B. Women and men are born equal
C. Culture goes beyond love
D. Love conquers all
The “Dead Starts” by. Paz Benitez symbolizes
A. The love of Esperanza for Alfredo
B. The love of Alfredo to Julia
C. The love of Julia to Alfredo
D. The love of Alfredo to Esperanza

What is the poem “ To The Lost One” about?

A. An appeal to be remembered by a lover
B. A treat to a lover
C. Beautiful memories of a dead person
D. A ghost that haunts a fastidious lover
What virtue of the writer is depicted in the poem?
A. Forgiving C. romantic
B. Honest D. faithful

What does this line “ I shall come to you again with the starlight, and the scent of champacas?
A. The speaker with champacas will visit his lover at night
B. The speaker wants his lover to keep and cherish their memories in her heart
C. The speaker will rise from death to remind his lover of their sweet moments
D. The speaker wants to give his lover fresh champacas
This line “ You should not forget , for I am past forgetting” means
A. The speaker wants to be left unforgotten
B. The speaker wants his lover to forget her past
C. The speaker wants his past not to be discussed
D. The speaker wants his past not to be forgotten

The line “ I shall haunt you” has a/an _______ tone.

A. Begging C. romantic
B. Appealing D. commanding

“ Lost One” maybe pertained to.

A. Lost feeling C. abandoned person
B. Past lover D. ghost

It is generally accepted first principle of oral interpretation that the reader must be true to
A. The performance space C. the method
B. The author D. the audience

Within the communication process, the area that causes the most breakdowns is______ ?
A. Interference C. the situation
B. Feedback D. the channel
David is preparing a speech about why Hollywood became the center of motion picture
industry and the impact that its development as the center had on film making. David’s speech
should be organized using which of the following methods?
A. Spatial C. Cause and Effect
B. Chronological D. Problem Solution

All of the following are correct description of listening behavior EXCEPT?

A. Careful listening can lead to anticipation of a speakers actions
B. People who learn to listen selectively can shut out what is undesirable
C. Listening comprises more than one half of all communication
D. The ability to be a good listener comes naturally, and no training is necessary
When a group is faced with a problem requiring immediate action, the most effective
leadership style is __________ .
A. Authoritarian C. Laissez- Faire
B. Democratic D. Charismatic

Schema activation is important to make sense of new information in light of what students
already know, and to make the necessary connection between the two. The following are good
qualities for schema activation EXCEPT__________ .
A. Constructing graphic organizer C. Brain storming ideas
B. Previewing a passage D Evaluating or Assessing ideas

The following are concerns of teaching reading EXCEPT ______ .

A. Vocabulary development
B. Comprehension development
C. Output development
D. Application

The following are principles for designing affective and interesting reading lesson EXCEPT ___ .
A. For reading lesson to be interesting and motivating they must focus on simple themes
B. Instructional activities have a teaching rather than a testing focus
C. Lesson should be divided into pre reading, during reading, and post reading
D. The major activity to the reading lesson is students reading texts
Content – Based Instruction (CBI) is based on the common underlying principle that successful
language learning occurs when students are presented with target language material in a
meaningful, contextualized form, with the primary focus on _____ .
A. Understanding the lesson
B. Acquiring information and knowledge
C. Making connections between what they learn at school and what they learn outside
school
D. Making meaning from what they learn
It is vocabulary strategy which involves the process of breaking up of a word into its meaningful
components: the root words, affixes and suffixes
A. Contextual clues C. Summarizing
B. Structural analysis D. Groupings

If the students think about the knowledge of their own thoughts and the factors influence their
thinking, they are engaged in the process of_____ .
A. Artistic thinking C. Higher order thinking
B. Metacognition D. Critical thinking
Mrs. Torres wants to find out her students schema about storm surge. On the board she writes
the words “Storm Surge” and encircle them. Then, she ask her students what they know about
storm surge, and help them cluster the information. What technique does Mrs. Torres use?
A. Demonstration C. Semantic Mapping
B. Vocabulary building D. deductive reasoning