Functions and Trigonometry

Trigonometric Identities

1 + tan2θ = sec2θ

cos2θ + sin2θ = 1 cot2θ + 1 = cosec2θ

When asked to show by counter-example that a statement is false, sub a

value in and show that LHS is not equal to RHS.

Formulae for sin (A + B), cos (A + B), tan (A + B)

Sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

Sin (A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B

Cos (A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B

Cos (A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B

Transformations of Graphs
The transformations so far follow these rules:

 f(x) + a is f(x) shifted upward a units

 f(x) – a is f(x) shifted downward a units
 f(x + a) is f(x) shifted left a units
 f(x – a) is f(x) shifted right a units
 –f(x) is f(x) flipped upside down ("reflected about the x-axis")
 f(–x) is the mirror of f(x) ("reflected about the y-axis")
 Functions

Using the domain to find the

range:
(-1,4]
(-1,4] means
means all
all the
the numbers
numbers between
between -1
-1 and
and 4,
4, To find the y-values on the
including 4 but not -1.
including 4 but not -1. graph, substitute the limits of
the domain into the equation.
This will give you your range.

In general, the domain of a composed

function is either the same as the
domain of the first function, or else lies inside
it.
The range of a composed function is either
the same as the range of the second function,
or else lies inside it.

The range of f-1(x) = domain of f(x)

The domain of f-1(x) = range of f(x)

Graphs of Functions

More
graphs of functions