Sensory Alterations

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1. auditory hearing 24. aphasia patients with __________________ have varied

degrees of inability to speak, interpret, or
2. tactile touch
understand language
3. hyperesthesia increased sensitivity to tactile stimuli
25. expressive The inability to produce language (despite
4. olfactory smell aphasia being able to understand language)
5. gustatory to taste 26. receptive inability to understand spoken or written
6. Kinesthetic Enables a person to be aware of position aphasia words
and movement of body parts 27. Refractive defect in ability of eye to bend light rays to
7. Stereognosis Recognition of an object's size, shape, and error focus image properly on fovea centralis
texture (refraction); occurs in myopia and
hyperopia
8. strabismus crossed eyes; causes visual impairment
9. presbyopia A gradual, age-related loss of the eyes' most common visual problem
ability to focus actively on nearby objects.
28. sensory deficit deficit in the normal function of sensory
10. cataract opaque clouding of the lens causing reception and perception
decreased vision
29. sensory the absence of normal levels of sensory
11. dry eyes Decreased tear production that results in deprivation stimulation
itching and burning
30. reception stimulation of a receptor such as light,
12. Glaucoma increased intraocular pressure results in touch, or sound
damage to the retina and optic nerve with
31. Perception integration and interpretation of stimuli
loss of vision
32. Reaction only the most important stimuli will elicit a
13. diabetic blood vessel changes of the retina,
_________________.
retinopathy decreased vision, and macular edema
33. Sensory occurs when a person receives multiple
14. macular Blurring of reading matter, distortion or loss
overload sensory stimuli and cannot selectively
degeneration of central vision and vertical lines
ignore some stimuli; prevents meaningful
15. presbycusis progressive hearing loss associated with response by the brain
aging
34. Nursing impaired verbal communication
16. cerumen buildup of earwax, causing conduction Diagnosis risk for injury
accumulation deafness impaired physical mobility
17. Disequilibrium Results from vestibular dysfunction, vertigo impaired social isolation
risk for falls
18. Xerostomia decrease in salivary production, leading to
thicker mucus and dry mouth 35. patient use communication techniques to send and
outcomes for receive messages
19. peripheral damage to nerves in lower legs and hands alterations in
neuropathy as result of diabetes mellitus; symptoms hearing acuity demonstrate technique for cleansing
include either extreme sensitivity or hearing aid within one week
numbness and tingling
20. stroke caused by clot, hemorrhage, or emboli to self-report improved hearing acuity
the brain 36. health Screening
21. Proprioceptive interpreting stimuli originating in muscles, promotion Preventive measures
joints, and other internal tissues that give Use of assistive devices
information about the position of one body Promoting meaningful stimulation
part in relation to another
22. Factors Age, Meaningful stimuli, amount of stimuli,
influencing social interaction, environmental factors,
sensory and cultural factors
function
23. older adults What group is at high risk for sensory
alterations?
37. Effective Instruct pt and family on inspection of hearing 41. Evaluation Through the patient's eyes:
use of a aid integrity Only the patient knows if sensory abilities are
hearing aid improved
Demonstrate battery replacement. Have extra
batteries on hand Patient outcomes:
Use critical thinking and compare with baselines
Batteries should be stored in a dry secure Observe the patient
place Ask the patient to explain or demonstrate self-
care skills
Ear canal should be cleaned daily Continue the existing plan of care, make
modifications, or end the use of select
No hair spray use or other hair products interventions

Review method to check volume

38. Restorative Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, understanding
and sensory loss, socialization (ability to
Continuing communicate is gratifying), & promoting self
Care care (essential for self-esteem).
39. Principles Spend time with a person in silence or
for conversation
Reducing
Loneliness use physical contact when culturally
appropriate

recommend alterations in living arrangements

in the case of isolation

help older adults keep contact with important

people to them

provide info about support groups

arrange for security escort services

introduce the idea of bringing a companion into

the home (pet)

link a person with organizations attuned to the

social needs of older adults.
40. Conductive hearing impairment caused by interference with
hearing sound or vibratory energy in the external canal,
loss middle ear, or ossicles

caused by excessive cerumen occluding the

ear canal