Q:-Describe the boot process of your favorite Linux in as much detail as you can

.
Ans:-Booting process : first BIOS loads the boot loaders,
then boot loaders loads the kernel ,then kernel mount
the file systems and drivers installation will takes
place and in it will be loaded.
Q:-What command would you type to use the cpio to create
a backup called backup.cpio of all the users'
home directories?
Ans:-find /home | cpio -o > backup.cpio
end of / directory
end of * executable file
end of = socket file
end of @ sybloic link

Q:-what are the Linux-based security tools?

Ans:-1. Clam AntiVirus
It is an open source (GPL) anti-virus toolkit for UNIX,
designed especially for e-mail scanning on mail gateways.
2. SpamAssassin
It is a computer program released under the Apache License
2.0 used for e-mail spam filtering based on content-matching
rules.
3. Chkrootkit is a powerful tool to scan your Linux server
for trojans

4. rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter) is a Unix-based tool that scans

for rootkits, backdoors and possible local exploits
Q:- how to check hardware in linux machine?
Ans:-lspci -vv or
dmidecode
Q:- Write a command to find all of the files which have been accessed within the
last 30 days?
Ans:- find / -atime +30
Q:- how do u extract files from iso cd images in linux?
Ans:- mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 /home/ste/cd.iso /mnt/iso
Q:- what is a superblock ?
Ans:-A superblock is a record of the characteristics of a
filesystem, including its size, the block size, the empty
and the filled blocks and their respective counts, the size
and location of the inode tables, the disk block map and
usage information, and the size of the block groups.
Q:-If any user left the organization so for security reason find the all dir and
files and delete?
Ans:- find / -user abc -exec rm '{}' ';'
Q:- Which package are required for DNS in linux?
Ans- caching-nameserver
bind
bind-utils
Q:- which package are required for NFS in linux?
Ans:- nfs-utils
portmap
Q:-What is the status code 403,404 represented in apache server?
Ans:- 403- Forbidden ( request is legel but web server is not responding proper
due to security missing)
404- web pages is missing
Q:- How many ethernet is working in the system?
Ans:- mii-tools
ifconfig
ethtools
Q:- Which packages are required for NIS in linux?
Ans:- ypserv
ypbind
yp-tools
Q:- What is the command to find all files which has been accessed within 30 days
?
Ans:- find / -atime -30 >dec.txt
Q:-Default mailbox location in sendmail ----/var/spool/mail/username
Q:-Define the home directory of any user ---/etc/default/useradd
Q:-Default log of sendmail server--- /var/log/maillog
Q:-define the mailbox location in file--- /etc/profile
Q:-sendmail version -8.12
Q:-Queue directory in sendmail ---/var/spool/mqueue
Q:-location of PID in sendmail -/var/run/sendmail.pid