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“In the name of Allah, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful”

La
FORCE VIBRATION
bC
Prepared By:
Mohd Firdaus bin Hassan
firdaus@ump.edu.my
Handphone: 013-9318082
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, UMP

Lab Instructor:
Muhamad Imran b. Mohmad Sairaji

Lab Location:
NVH Laboratory

Lab Objectives:

By the end of this lab, student should be able to:

• Determine the frequency and period of vibration for an
undamped simply supported beam subjected to a rotating
unbalance mass.
• Determine the influence of fixed oscillating mass and
variable motor speed.
• Identify the respond produced using graph due to fixed
oscillating mass and variable motor speed.

Date : __________________

Student
Section
ID

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FORCED VIBRATION OF AN UNDAMPED SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

1.0 Objective :
To determine the frequency and period of vibration for an undamped simply
supported beam subjected to a rotating unbalanced mass. Variable motor
speed , fixed mass.

Procedure
2.1 Setting up the apparatus
1. Check the position of the pinned and roller support to make sure
that they are at the same level.
2. Take the beam and mount it on the two supports.
3. Locate the centre of the beam and fixed the motor with the out-of-
balanced at this position.
4. Fixed the vertical guide to the top horizontal member of the frame
directly above this position.
5. Decide on the mass to be used for loading the beam.
6. Anchor the weight stopper tightly to the loading rod.
7. Insert the loading rod through the hole at the centre of the mass.
8. Insert the displacement measuring plate at the top of the mass.
9. Insert the lower end of the loading rod through the hole in the
vertical guide.
10. Screw the top end of the loading rod to the hole at the bottom of
the motor mounting.
11. Adjust the position of the vertical guide so that the the loading rod
is vertical.
12. Fixed the LVDT to the LVDT stand
13. Adjust the position of the stand so that the LVDT’s probe is on the
displacement measuring plate and clear of all objects.

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14. Anchor the stand to the frame by turning the knob at the top of
the stand.
15. Adjust the height of the LVDT such that the probe is approximately
at its centre position. Anchor theLVDT to the stand.
16. .Connect the LVDT to one of the channel at the data acquisition
terminal block.

2.2 Setting the software

17. Open the PCMEz Pro software.
18. On the Menu bar click ‘File’ then click on ‘New Project’.
19. Click the PM16 icon (under ‘Hardware’ menu) on the left column of
the workspace.
20. Click ‘View’ on the menu bar and click the component
configuration option
21. Slide the slider bar under the “number of scan” dialog box to
change the number of scan per seconds or msec, then click ‘O.K’. If in
doubt except the default value of 5 scans per milliseconds.
22. Click the display bar to bring up the display icons.
23. Click on the digital meter icon.
24. On the QTC – 400V panel, point the mouse on the channel 0 to
which the battery has been connected and click the mouse button.
25. Point the mouse at channel 0 on digital meter display and click the
mouse button to establish the communication link between the QTC-
400V and the digital meter. The battery voltage will be displayed on this
channel.
26. Similarly establish the link between the LVDT channel and the
digital meter display.
27. To erase any link simply click on the link.

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28. Click on the Y/T icon to display the Y-Time panel and the graph
display.
29. Establish the link between the LVDT channel on QTC -400V and
one channel on th Y/T graph.
30. Click ‘Additional’ on the left column of the workspace.
31. Click on the ‘Save Data’ icon
32. A message box will be displayed. Click the ‘OK’ button.
33. Define the path of the file where the captured data is going to be
saved then click ‘OK’.

2.3 Setting the motor speed

34. Decide on the motor speed in rpm.
35. Switch on the motor. Use the up and arrow key on the motor
indicator to set the display to ‘rev’ ie. revolution/min.
36. Adjust the speed control button until the desired speed is
displayed on the LED monitor.
37. Switch off the motor and let the oscillation dies down.
38. Once the beam is at rest click the run button at the tool bar.
39. After a few seconds switch on the motor and let it runs for a few
seconds.
40. Switch off the motor and let the oscillation dies down.
41. Once the motion has stopped, click the ‘stop’ button

2.4 Saving data

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42. Click the ‘Component Configuration’ icon to convert data into Eng
Unit file format with extension .unt.
43. Locate the data file and its component and rename it. Otherwise
the data will be overwritten in the next run.
44. Unscrew the loading rod and the weight stopper and increase the
load on the rod.
45. Tightened the weight stopper and screw the top end of the loading
rod to the hole at the bottom of the motor mounting.
46. Repeat step 38 to 43 for a few more load increaments.
47. Measure the width and thickness of the beam.

2.0 Result
Measure and collect data as below:
• Diameter of out-of-balance mass = mm
• Mass of out-of-balance mass = gm each
• Mass of motor assembly = gm
• Applied Mass = gm
• Thickness of beam, d = mm
• Width of beam, b = mm
• Moment of inertia, I, of beam = mm4

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• Length between support, L = mm

• LVDT conversion factor =

Experimental Frequency and Period of Oscillation For Each Speed

1. Run the Excel spread sheet program.

2. Open the data file of the first Speed. Open with ‘ Fixed Width ‘ option.
3. Add column to the left of the acquire data.
4. In the new column insert the time for each data based on the the
sampling frequency.
5. Plot the graph of LVDT readings Vs time for approximately 10 cycles and
fill in Table 1.
6. Draw a horizontal line across all peaks and another across all valley.
7. Measure the average displacement between the two lines. This is the
double amplitude. The amplitude of oscillation is half the double
amplitude.
8. Repeat the above procedures for other speed.

Table 1
Data No.for each
Amplitude
cycle
Time per cycle
Cycle No. Start End Max Min
(sec)

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Average

1 cycle

Max

End
Start

Min

Table 2
Motor Speed Motor Average Frequency Frequency
Speed Single Of The Ratio,
RPM ω Amplitude, System R = ω/ωo
rad/sec Y= YT/2 ωo
m rad/sec

Average

1 cycle

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Double Amplitude
YT
Y
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9. Plot the graph of motor angular amplitude, Y Vs frequency, ω0.

10. From the graph determine the angular frequency of the beam setup and
determine the linear equation of the graph.
11. Calculate the theoretical frequency of the beam setup, ω.

Theoretical frequency
The frequency of the beam is given by,
ω = √ (k/m)
For a simply supported beam loaded at the centre,
k = ( 48 EI / L3)
Therefore,
ω2 = ( (48 EI) / (mL3))
Where m is the total mass on the beam and loads involve.

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3.0 Discussion
• Make comparison the value of angular frequency, ω between
experiment result and theoretical calculations. Show difference value in
percentage.
• Describe the possible cause of error.
• What happen to the system when the oscillation speed is increasing?

4.0 Conclusion

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

5.0 Reference

1. __________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________

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