Engineering Graphics, Class 9

Auxiliary Views

Mohammad I. Kilani
Mechanical Engineering Department
University of Jordan
 Auxiliary Views

„ Inclined planes and

oblique lines do not
appear true length
or true size in any
of the principle
planes of
projection

„ To determine the
true length of an
oblique line or the
true size of an
inclined plane, an
auxiliary view must
be created.
 Auxiliary Views

„ The base of the design for the bearing is shown in its true size, but the
rounded upper portion is situated at an angle with the planes of projection and
does not appear in its true size and shape in any of the three regular views

„ To show the true circular shapes, it is necessary to assume a direction of sight

perpendicular to the planes of those curves. The resulting view is know as an
auxiliary view
 Definitions

„ Any view obtained by a

projection on a plane other than
the horizontal, frontal, and
profile projection planes is an
auxiliary view

„ A primary auxiliary view is

projected onto a plane that is
perpendicular to one of the
principal planes of projection
and is inclined to the other two

„ A secondary auxiliary view is

projected from a primary
auxiliary view into a plane that
is inclined to all three principal
projection planes.
 The Auxiliary Plane

„ In the figure below, the object has an inclined surface that does not appear in
its true size and shape in any regular view. The auxiliary plane is assumed
parallel to the inclined surface P

„ The auxiliary plane is then perpendicular to the frontal plane of projection and
is hinged to it. The inclined surface is shown in its true size & shape in the
auxiliary view. The long dimension of the surface is projected directly from
the front view and the depth from the top view
 Depth Auxiliary Views

„ Auxiliary views are classified and named according to the principal dimensions of
the object shown in the auxiliary view.

„ In depth auxiliary views the depth of the object is shown as a principal dimension.
The depth is shown in all views that are projected from the front view

„ An infinite number of depth auxiliary views can be shown.

 Depth Auxiliary Views

„ In the depth auxiliary views shown, the arrows indicate the directions of sight for
the several views, and the projection lines are respectively parallel to these
arrows. Actually, the projection lines determine the direction of sight, hence the
arrows may not be needed.
 Depth Auxiliary Views

„ Any one of these five plane is an auxiliary plane The principal dimensions shown
in an auxiliary view is the one not shown in the adjacent view from which the
auxiliary view was projected
 Height Auxiliary Views

„ An infinite number of auxiliary views can be assumed perpendicular to , and

hinged to, the horizontal plane of projection. These views show the principal
dimension, height, therefore all the auxiliary views are height auxiliary views

„ Note that in the view projected from, which is the top view , the only dimensions
not shown is height
 Width Auxiliary Views

„ Also, an infinite number of auxiliary views can be assumed perpendicular to , and

hinged to, the profile plane of projection. These views shows the principal
dimension, width, therefore all the auxiliary views are width auxiliary views

„ Note that in the right-side view from, which the auxiliary views are projected, the
only dimensions not shown is width
 Uses of auxiliary views

„ Generally, auxiliary views are used to show the true

shape or true angle of features that appear distorted in
the regular views

„ Basically, auxiliary views have the following four uses:

„ True length of line
„ Point view of line
„ Edge view of plane
„ True size of plane
 Hidden lines in auxiliary views

„ In practice, hidden lines should be omitted in auxiliary

views, unless they are needed for clearness

„ The beginner, however, should show all hidden lines,

especially if the auxiliary view of the entire object is
shown.
 Drawing Simplification by Auxiliary Views

„ The use of auxiliary view often makes it possible to omit one or more regular
views and thus to simplify the shape description.
 Partial Auxiliary Views

„ Three complete auxiliary view drawings are shown. To make such drawings
takes a great deal of time, particularly when ellipses are involved.

„ The completeness of detail may add nothing to clearness or may even detract
from it because of the clutter of lines. However, in these cases, some portion
of every view is needed - no view can be completely eliminated.
 Partial Auxiliary Views

„ Partial views are often sufficient, and the resulting drawings are considerably
simplified and easier to read.

„ Partial regular views and partial auxiliary views are used with the same result.

„ Usually a break line is used to indicate the imaginary break in the views.
 Partial Auxiliary Views

„ To clarify the relationship of views, the auxiliary views should be connected to

the views from which are projected, either with a center line or with one or
two projection lines.

„ This is particularly important for partial views, which are often small and
appear to be “lost” and not related to any view
 Half Auxiliary Views

„ If an auxiliary view is
symmetrical, and it is
necessary to save
space on the drawing
or to save time in
drafting, only half of
the auxiliary view may
be drawn