Question 26-30

William Lyon Mackenzie King was a statemen and leader of the Liberal Party who held the
office of prime minister for a total of twenty one years,longer than any public servant in the
history of Canada. His father was a prominent judge,and his mother the daughter of William
Lyon Mackenzie, leader of the rebellion of 1837 in Upper Canada. Greatly influenced by his
famous grandfather, King was determined to serve his country in the role performer. After
graduation from the University of Toronto with a degree in economics, he studied sociology
and labor relations at Harvardand Chicago University. He served his fellow Canadians in
many appointed and elected offices, including among them a seat in the parliament, before
being elected prime minister in 1921.His three terms of office were marked by compromise,
and he was often cricticized for procrastination.Neverthless, he earned 5 the respect of most
Canadians for his political astutennes and what one biographer, John Moir ofthe University of
Toronto, has called his “essential Canadianness”.According to Moir, King’s methods may
have been frustating to some, but he was able to naintain unity and extend Canadian
autonomy while acting within a difficult federal system.

Question 31-38

A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. In many conditions,such as flying at night and
landing in dense fog, a pilot must use radar,an alternative way of navigating. Since human
eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, radar can show a pilot 5
how fast nearby planes are moving.

The basic principle of radar is exemplified by what happens when one shouts in a cave.The
echo of the sound the sounds against the walls helps a person determine the size ofthe
cave.With radar, however the 10 waves are radio waves instead of sound waves. Radio waves
travel at the speed of light about 300.000 kilometers in one second. A radar set sends out a
short burst of radiation waves. Then it receives the echoes produced when the waves bounce
off objects. By determining the time ittakes for the echoes to return to theradar set, a trained
15 technician can determine the distance between the radar set and other objects. The word
“radar” in fact,gets its name from the term for detection of the distance between an object and
the radar set.besides being of critical importance to pilots, radar is essential for air traffic
control, 20 tracking ships at sea, and for trackingweather systems and storms.

Question 41-50
 A solar eclipse occurs when the moon moves in front of the Sun and hides at
least some part of the Sun fromthe earth. In a partial eclipse,the Moon covers part of
the Sun; in an annular eclipse, the Moon covers the center of the Sun, leaving a bright
ring of light around the Moon; in a total eclipse, the Sun is completely covered by the
moon.

It seems rather improbable that a celestial body the size of the Moon could
completely block out the tremendously immense Sun, as happens during a total
eclipse, but this is exactly what happens. Altough the Moon is considerably smaller in
size than the Sun, the Moon is able to cover the Sun because of their relative distances
from Earth.A total eclipse can last up to 7 minutes, during which time the Moon’s
shadow moves across Earth at a rate of about 6 kilometers per second.