Arab identity can also be seen through a lens of national, regional or local identity.

Throughout Arab
history, there have been three major national trends in the Arab world. Pan-Arabism rejects the
individual Arab states' existing sovereignty as artificial creations and calls for full Arab unity.

Contents

1 History

2 Ideology

2.1 Arab nationalism

2.2 Arab socialism

3 Unity

3.1 Pan-Arabism

3.2 Arab League

4 Definition

5 Homeland

6 Categories

6.1 Racial identity

6.2 Ethnic identity

6.3 National identity

6.4 Religious identity

6.5 Cultural Identity

6.6 Linguistic identity

6.7 Political identity

7 See also

8 References
History

Main article: History of the Arabs

Near East in 565, showing the Ghassanids, Lakhmids, Kindah and Hejaz.

The Arabs are first mentioned in the mid-ninth century BCE as a people living in eastern and southern
Syria, and the north of the Arabian Peninsula.[4]

Expansion of the Caliphate.

Expansion under Muhammad, 622-632

Expansion during the Rashidun Caliphate, 632-661

Expansion during the Umayyad Caliphate, 661-750

The Arabs appear to have been under the vassalage of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–605 BCE), and the
succeeding Neo-Babylonian Empire (605–539 BCE), Persian Achaemenid Empire (539–332 BCE), Greek
Macedonian/Seleucid Empire and Parthian Empire. Arab tribes, most notably the Ghassanids and
Lakhmids begin to appear in the southern Syrian deserts and southern Jordan from the mid 3rd century
CE onwards, during the mid to later stages of the Roman Empire and Sasanian Empire.

The relation of ʿarab and ʾaʿrāb is complicated further by the notion of "lost Arabs" al-ʿArab al-ba'ida
mentioned in the Qur'an as punished for their disbelief. All contemporary Arabs were considered as
descended from two ancestors, Qahtan and Adnan. During the early Muslim conquests of the 7th and
8th centuries, the Arabs forged the Rashidun and then Umayyad Caliphate, and later the Abbasid
Caliphate, whose borders touched southern France in the west, China in the east, Anatolia in the north,
and the Sudan in the south. This was one of the largest land empires in history.

Ideology

Arab nationalism

Main article: Arab nationalism

See also: Nasserism and Ba'athism

Gamal Abdel Nasser was a symbol and significant player in the rise of Arab nationalism

Arab nationalism is a nationalist ideology that asserts the Arabs are a nation and promotes the unity of
Arab people. In its contemporary conception, it is the belief that the Arab people are a people united by
language, culture, ethnicity, history, geography and interests, and that one Arab nation will assemble
the Arabs within its borders from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea.

Many Arabs believe that they are an old nation, exhibiting pride, for example, based on Arabic poetry
and other forms of Arabic literature. In the era of the spread of Islam, nationalism was manifested by
the identification of Arabs as a distinct nation within Islamic countries. In the modern era, this idea was
embodied by ideologies such as Nasserism and Ba'athism, which were common forms of nationalism in
the Arab world, especially in the mid-twentieth century. Perhaps the most important form of creating
such an Arab state was the establishment of the United Arab Republic between Egypt and Syria,
although it was short-lived. To some extent, Arab nationalism gained a new popular appeal as a result of
the Arab Spring of the 2010s, calling for Arab social unity, led by the people on the streets, not the
authoritarian regimes that had installed the historic forms of nationalism. llective from the rest of the
same kind. In other words: identity is selfhood, or the sense of who something or someone or oneself is,
or the recurring characteristics that enable the recognition of such an individual or group by others or
themself [Wiktionary definition, edited].

Identity is a complex topic, as mainly studied within the disciplines of psychology, sociology and
philosophy. The term identity is also used in a much broader context, for example in media,
entertainment, business, computing and mathematics, to refer to specific or generalised individuals and
groups.

Look up identity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Contents

1 Social sciences

1.1 Group expression and affiliation

1.2 Racial and ethnocultural

1.2.1 Ethno-regional
1.2.2 Racial classification

2 Philosophy

3 Specifications of persons

4 Arts, entertainment, and media

4.1 Music

4.1.1 Albums

4.1.2 Songs

4.1.3 Other uses in music

4.2 Television

4.2.1 Programs and series

4.2.2 Episodes

4.3 Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

5 Business

6 Computer science

7 Mathematics

8 See also

Social sciences

Identity (social science) - personhood or group affiliation in psychology and sociology

Group expression and affiliation

Cultural identity, a person's self-affiliation (or categorization by others) as a member of a cultural group

Identity politics, political arguments that focus upon the self-interest and perspectives of social-interest
groups or minorities

National identity, belief in membership of a nationality

Party identification

Racial and ethnocultural

African Australian identity, the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as an African Australian
Arab identity, the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as an Arab

Arab Canadian identity is the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as an Arab Canadian

Australian Aboriginal identity, the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as Aboriginal
Australian

Jewish identity, the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as a Jew

Māori identity, the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as a Māori

Native American identity, an evolving topic based on the struggle to define "Native American" or
"(American) Indian" both for people who consider themselves Native American and for people who do
not