NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

I. Define or describe briefly and concisely the following terms.

1. Government Lands 11. Critical Watershed

2. Public Lands 12. Kaingin
3. Doctrine of Primary Jurisdiction 13. Forest Land
4. Homestead Settlement 14. Laches
5. Exhaustion of Administrative 15. Financial or Technical Assistance
Jurisdiction Agreement
6. Imperfect Title 16. Ore Transport Permit
7. Foreshore Lands 17 Exploration Permit
8. Vested Rights 18. Filipino-owned Corporation
9. Ordinary Registration Proceedings 19. Multiple-use Management
10. Cadastral Registration Proceedings 20. Principle of Intergenerational
Responsibility

II. Answer the following question briefly

1. Discuss the constitutionality of the Regalian Doctrine under Section 2, Article XII of the
Constitution vis-à-vis the Doctrine of Native Titles.

2. Discuss the mineral agreement allowed under the constitution

3. Supposing A, a member of a indigenous communities and having been issued with a certificate of
ancestral land title by NCIP, has in possession of undocumented 12 Narra logs in his land. When
accosted by the Forestry Authority, A argued that being the owner of the land, he has absolute
authority over all natural resources found therein including the subject logs . Is A’s contention
correct? What is the liability of A, if there’s any.

4. Supposing B has been occupying an A&D agricultural land for more than 30 years. The
authorities later on found out that in B’s land, a big deposit of precious minerals abound. When
the authorities attempted to extract the minerals, B protested claiming that being owner of the
land, B is the owner of the resources therein. Decide the case.

5. A has been occupying an agricultural land for 30 years. When A sought registration of said land,
The same was denied by the RD. Is the action of the RD correct. Discuss.

6. Z was occupying the forest land from 1950 – 1960. In 1961 the land occupied by Z was
reclassified as an agricultural land and in 1970, Alden sought registration of the land. Being
denied registration, Alden sold the land to CDE Corporation who in turn sought registration in
1981. The RD denied the registration. Discuss.

7. The government reclaimed a portion of Manila Bay and lease the land to SM Megamall. After 30
years of occupying the land, SM Megamall sought registration of the land on the basis of 30
years possession and occupancy. As a counsel of SM Megamall, what will be your advice.

8. Cite at least five (5) instances where an aggrieved party may be allowed to file cases in court
even if without exhausting administrative remedies.

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