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INTRODUCTION 1 Page 1 of 7
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Objective: To supply the basic knowledge and skills required for understanding and simple practical applications of FEM
MPa
MPa 0
0 -15
50 -30
100 -45
150 -60
200 -75
250
-90
300
350 -105
400 -120
450 -135
Finite Element Mesh Von Mises stress distribution u Contact pressure between the shaft and the rotor disk
v
3D finite elements u
The method was devoloped in 1950s for solving complex problems of stress analysis for aeronautical industry. This development was strictly
connected with the progress in digital computers and numerical techniques.
Today the method is considered as the most powerful analysis method for problems described by partial differential equations.
Finite element method I - lecture notes. INTRODUCTION 1 Page 3 of 7
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FEM – one of the approximate methods for solving continous problems of mathematics and physics
Real object
Real result wr
numerical calculations
Numerical result - wn
Finite element method I - lecture notes. INTRODUCTION 1 Page 4 of 7
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f1
a) f0
onemodel belki
dimensional model - beam
N
q0
m
b) model
two- płyty
dimensional model - plate h h h h
N
p0 x0=a x 1 x 2 x i =a+ih b x
m2
three
c) dimensional
model model
trójwymiarowy – solid volume
bryły
N
0 m3
Finite element method I - lecture notes. INTRODUCTION 1 Page 5 of 7
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BASIC STEPS IN THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FE modelling)
Preprocessor (preprocessing phase)
In the preprocessing phase the problem is described in the numerical, discrete form:
Tasks performed: definition of the analysed domain (geometry of the analysis object)
material properties
boundary conditions (loads and constraints)
meshing (dividing the domain into the finite elements of the reauired density distribution)
In this phase the user of FE program defines type of analysis (static, linear or nonlinear, dynamic, buckling ...... ) and other details
decribing the method of calculations and solution process.
FE program performs the calculations and writes the results in the adequate files.
Postprocesor
In this phase it is possible to present the interesting results in different forms: plots, graphs, animations, listings e.t.c.
The user can create the pictures, tables, graphs and generate the reports.
τ yz
τ xz
τ yz
τ xz
σy
τ xy τ xy
σx Y
X
{σx , σy , σz ,τxy , τyz ,τxz }