 Introduction to internet:

The Internet is a global system of

interconnected computer networks that use
the standard Internet Protocol Suite
(TCP/IP) to serve billions of users
worldwide. It is a network of networks that
consists of millions of private, public,
academic, business, and government
networks, of local to global scope, that are
linked by a broad array of electronic,
wireless and optical networking
technologies. The Internet carries a vast
range of information resources and services,
such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the
infrastructure to support electronic mail.
Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are
reshaped or redefined by the Internet, giving birth to new services such as Voice over Internet
Protocol (VoIP) and IPTV. Newspaper, book and other print publishing are adapting to Web site
technology, or are reshaped into blogging and web feeds. The Internet has enabled or
accelerated new forms of human interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and
social networking. Online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans
and traders. Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains
across entire industries.
The origins of the Internet reach back to research of the 1960s, commissioned by the United
States government in collaboration with private commercial interests to build robust, fault-
tolerant, and distributed computer networks. The funding of a new U.S. backbone by the
National Science Foundation in the 1980s, as well as private funding for other commercial
backbones, led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies,
and the merger of many networks. The commercialization of what was by the 1990s an
international network resulted in its popularization and incorporation into virtually every
aspect of modern human life. As of 2009, an estimated quarter of Earth's population used the
services of the Internet.
The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies
for access and usage; each constituent network sets its own standards. Only the overreaching
definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet, the Internet Protocol address space
and the Domain Name System, are directed by a maintainer organization, the Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The technical underpinning and
standardization of the core protocols (IPv4 and IPv6) is an activity of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that
anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise.

Definition of Internet:
 The Internet, or simply the Net, is the publicly available worldwide system of
interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using a standardized
Internet Protocol (IP) and many other protocols. It is made up of thousands of smaller
commercial, academic, and government networks. It carries various information and services,
such as electronic mail, online chat and the interlinked web pages and other documents of the
World Wide Web. Because this is by far the largest, most extensive internet (with a small i) in the
world, it is simply called the Internet

History of Internet:

The conceptual foundation for creation of the Internet was largely created by three individuals
and a research conference, each of which changed the way we thought about technology by
accurately predicting its future:

 Vannevar Bush wrote the first visionary description of the potential uses for information
technology with his description of the "memex" automated library system.

 Norbert Wiener invented the field of Cybernetics, inspiring future researchers to focus on
the use of technology to extend human capabilities.

 The 1956 Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence conference crystallized the concept that
technology was improving at an exponential rate, and provided the first serious
consideration of the consequences.

 Marshall McLuhan made the idea of a global village interconnected by an electronic

nervous system part of our popular culture.

In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, Sputnik I, triggering US President Dwight
Eisenhower to create the ARPA agency to regain the technological lead in the arms race. ARPA
appointed J.C.R. Licklider to head the new IPTO organization with a mandate to further the
research of the SAGE program and help protect the US against a space-based nuclear attack.
Licklider evangelized within the IPTO about the potential benefits of a country-wide
communications network, influencing his successors to hire Lawrence Roberts to implement his
vision.

Roberts led development of the network, based on the new idea of packet switching invented by
Paul Baran at RAND, and a few years later by Donald Davies at the UK National Physical
Laboratory. A special computer called an Interface Message Processor was developed to realize
the design, and the ARPANET went live in early October, 1969. The first communications were
between Leonard Kleinrock's research center at the University of California at Los Angeles, and
Douglas Engelbart's center at the Stanford Research Institute.
The first networking protocol used on the ARPANET was the Network Control Program. In 1983,
it was replaced with the TCP/IP protocol invented Wby Robert Kahn, Vinton Cerf, and others,
which quickly became the most widely used network protocol in the world.

In 1990, the ARPANET was retired and transferred to the NSFNET. The NSFNET was soon
connected to the CSNET, which linked Universities around North America, and then to the EUnet,
which connected research facilities in Europe. Thanks in part to the NSF's enlightened
management, and fueled by the popularity of the web, the use of the Internet exploded after
1990, causing the US Government to transfer management to independent organizations starting
in 1995.

And here we are.

Internet services:
Through the Internet Services worldwide communication has
become easier and faster. Internet is a global network comprising of several inter-connected
computer networks. Through this network data is transmitted by packet switching using the
standard Internet Protocol (IP). This “network of networks” consists of millions of smaller
domestic, academic, business as and government networks which carry several types of
information and other Internet Services such as electronic mail, online chat, interlinked web
pages, etc.

Internet Services serve multiple purposes in terms of application and usage. Not only does it
facilitate communication on both personal and professional levels, but it also adds a significant
edge to scientific and commercial development in the world of global business.

E-mail: E-mail or electronic mail is a method of storing, composing, sending and receiving
messages through electronic communication system. Through e-mail people can communicate
with each other even when they are in distant countries.

E-commerce: The electronic medium has become an integral part of the commercial business.
E-commerce or electronic commerce primarily consists of marketing, buying, selling and
servicing of variable products.

Internet Chat: Today Internet chat has become one of the most popular medium of
communication. It is not only popular among kids and teenagers; it is something that is enjoyed
by everybody. There are two types of Internet chat, one-to-one chat and group chat. Online
Services: Online services include innumerous services available on the Internet such as banking
services, shopping services, educational services, business services, etc.

Web Hosting: Web hosting is a type of Internet Service that allows organizations and
individuals to launch their own websites that can be accessed via World Wide Web.
International Internet Service Providers:

International Internet Service Providers are companies that operate at an international level.
They supply internet services either to the National ISPs or to regional operators. These International
Internet Service Providers feature in the top most rung among the organization of Internet Service
Providers.

International Internet Service Providers are service providers of internet connection whose
functionality happens basically at an international level. International Internet Service Providers
belong to the highest level among the telecom companies. They have worldwide coverage and
operations. These International Internet Service Providers operate largely on an International
level, distributing their services to various nations. However, they also work independently and
also provide services directly to regional internet service providers.

International Internet Service Providers or International ISP, as they are better known, is often
referred to by another name too. They are also called “Internet Access Provider”. Initially most of
the International Internet Service Providers comprise telephone companies. Most of the internet
services provided are nowadays done via DSL or Dial-up, though DSL remains the preferred
option. The other types of ISPs are Broadband wireless access, Modem, Cable modem, ISDN and
Satellite Internet access.

The organizations providing international internet service help to assist regional and national
ISPs to supply internet services via their connections. The Internet Service Providers operating
at the international level mainly provide services for internet transit and other internet facilities.
However, a major section of these business organizations mostly engage in providing the
consumers with the registration of domain name, hosting domains and hosting of web sites.
VSNL International is one of the largest International Internet Service Providers.

Internet in India:
People in India are taking onto the world wide web in a big way outpacing anyone else
across the globe--including big brothers like the US, China, Japan and Germany in terms of the
online population.

The total online population in India, measured in terms of people aged over 15 years accessing
Internet, rose 7.8 per cent to 18.02 million in June, from 16.71 million three months ago in
March, a latest survey from US-based technology research firm Comscore Networks reveals.

The growth in the country's online population outscores the rise of 2.7 per cent in the world's
overall online audience size, which rose to 713 million in June, from 694 million in March this
year.
India has also become the ninth biggest country in terms of the total online population from its
10th position three months ago, while the US has retained its top slot with 153 million of web
users.
Interestingly, the figures exclude the traffic from public computers such as cyber cafes and
access from mobile phones or PDAs. The total number of people accessing Internet could be
much higher if those aged below 15 years and the public computer data and new-age mediums
such as mobiles and PDAs are also taken into consideration.

The number of Internet visitors rose less than 1 per cent in the US, Germany, Italy, Spain and the
Netherlands, while United Kingdom (UK), France and Australia have actually registered a decline
from the March 2006 levels.

According to the Comscore June World Metrix report published on Wednesday, China witnessed
the second-biggest jump of 5.22 per cent, Russia witnessed 5.14 per cent growth, while online
population of Japan, Korea, Canada and Brazil rose between 2-4 per cent.

The US continued to have the highest online population across the world of 153 million, which
accounted for 21 per cent of the all worldwide unique visitors, while India accounted for 2.5 per
cent of the worldwide total.

China maintained its second position with 78.31 million online population followed by Japan and
Germany with 53.10 million and 31.97 million respectively.

Despite a decline in growth UK maintains its position as the fifth biggest country in terms of
online population at 29.83 million.

Italy moved down the list losing its ninth position to India with a total of 16.85 million web
users. Netherlands also fell a notch below its 13 position in the list with 10.86 million users.

Microsoft sites were ranked as top web property worldwide in June with nearly 500 million
visitors out of the total 713 million web users in the world. Yahoo and Google sites were ranked
at second and third positions with more than 450 million visitors each in the month of June.

Ebay and Time Warner sites clocked more than 200 million users while Wikipedia, Ask Network,
Amazon, Adobe, Apple Computers, lycos, Cnet Networks , Monster, Real.Com and Myspace.Com
were also present in the top 15 online properties worldwide.

"While established Internet players like Microsoft, Google and Yahoo have grabbed the top spots
in worldwide ranking several upstarts have quickly found there way into the top league,"
Comscore Europe Managing Director Bob Ivins said.
Internet service provider in India:
There are in all 183 operating Internet Service Providers in India. Of them 41* ISPs
(listed below) have all-status. The remaining are particular state-pacific.

ISPs having all-India license include

- BSNL - CMC - RPG Infotech

- Essel Shyam Communications - Sify - Siti Cable Network

- Gateway Systems (India) - World Phone Internet Services - VSNL Guj Info Petro

- Hughes Escorts Communications - Astro India Networks - Reliance

- Primus Telecommunications India - ERNET India - RailTel Corporation

- Data Infosys - GTL - Jumpp India

- HCL Infinet - Primenet Global - Tata Internet Services

- Tata Power Broadband - Bharti Infotel - Pacific Internet India

- In2Cable (India) - Reliance Engineering Associates - BG Broad India

- Swiftmail Communications - Estel Communication - Bharti Aquanet

- Trak Online Net India - Spectra Net - Reach Network India

- i2i Enterprise - Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) - Comsat Max

- Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizers Corporation - HCL Comnet Systems and Services

- Harthway Cable    

Literature review
To study the usage pattern of internet of college students.

Objective —The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of traditional media as well as the
Internet among young people in surat. With the fast development of the Internet, the use of
interpersonal as well as computer mediated communication has changed greatly. A study of how
young people use traditional and new media is crucial as it enables commercial and social
marketers to fully understand the role of mass mediated messages in the lives of youth. As the
youth market expands and consumption power increases, marketers need to capture the latest
trends in order to reach the young generation.

Design/methodology/approach —A survey of 405 persons aged 15 to 24 in surat was using a

self-administered questionnaire. college students distributed and collected these questionnaires
through face-to-face interactions.

Findings —The Internet plays a prominent role among the young people in surat. A majority of
respondents spent one to three hours per day in the Internet. The main reasons for Internet usage
were for listening to music and for fun. The Internet was the preferred media choice for
information driven activities. Magazines retained importance for entertainment and shopping
activities while the television retained importance for news and current affairs. Most of the
respondents found useful websites through search engines. Interpersonal information sources gave
way to the Internet for obtaining information about sensitive issues.
Research methodology process.
Research methodology process:

(1) Formulating the research problem: It is not important stage in applied

research as poorly define problem will not yield useful result. For complete
problem definition we must have to specify 3 factors.
 Units of analysis: The individual or objects whose characteristic are to
be measured are to be called units of analysis. For the purpose of my
projects the units of analysis are the college students who are
making use of internet.
 Time and space boundaries: For the time boundaries the time period
is given to me two months for the completion of the project. As far as
space boundaries are connected I have targeted the college student
of Surat city.
 Characteristic of interest: This aspect of identifies the focus of the
problem. The main aspects of my research study are to find usage
purpose of internet of college student in Surat city.
(2) Designing the research design: Its Specifies the method and procedure of
conducting research study.

“Research design is the plan, structure and strategy of investigation conceived

so as to obtain answer to research question and variance”.
__By:
Kerlinger
“Research design is the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis
of data”. __By: Bernard
S. Philips

Research design can be classified into 3 groups:

 Exploratory research design: It is basically focus on the discovery of

new ideas and is generally based on secondary data.
  Descriptive research design: It is undertaken when the researcher
wants to know the characteristics of certain group, such as age,
education, income level, etc.
 Casual research design: It is undertaken when the researcher is
interested in knowing the cause and effect relationship between two
or more variables.

Here by purpose of my study I have taken the survey pattern of descriptive

research design. Descriptive research design is more affordable and
convenient way to get the information.

(3) Determining the source of data: The very important steps of Marketing
Research process is determining sources of data. Marketing researcher has to
decide whether he has to collect primary data or depend exclusively on
secondary data.
 Secondary Data: Secondary data are that were collected for another
purpose and already exist somewhere.
 Primary Data: Primary data are gathered for a specific purpose or for a
specific research. Primary data can be collected in five ways: observation,
focus group, surveys, behavioral data and experiments.

For the purpose of my research I have decided to collect the information

from secondary data and primary data. Secondary data provide a starting
point for research and offer the advantage of low cost and ready
availability. In secondary data, I have collected the information from
internet sources, referring books and company data. In primary data, for
 that purpose of various respondents I have selected personal interview
method through the questionnaire as it suits my purpose better.

(4) Design the data collection form: Designing the questionnaire is not a simple
job as it looks at first sight. A marketing researcher is intending to collect
primary data to be extremely careful in deciding what information should be
collected, how many questions are to be formulated, what should be their
sequence, what should be the wordings of question and what should be the
layout of the questionnaire.

“A questionnaire consists of a set of question presented to respondent for

their answers” __By:
Philip Kotler

Questionnaire can be classified broadly into 2 categories:

- Close ended questionnaire - Open ended questionnaire

The question I have asked in my questionnaire both close and open ended
type. I have given option for all the questions asked in my questionnaire.
Wording and layout of questionnaire is very simple and understandable.
Questions are in a sequenced manner of their value and of a direct type of
questions.

(5) Determining sampling plan: After deciding on the research approach and data
collection form, the marketing researcher must design a sampling plan.
  Sampling Unit: Who is to be surveyed? The marketing researcher must
define the target population that will be sampled. Once the sampling unit
is determined, a sampling frame must be developed so that everyone in
the target population has an equal or known chance of being sampled.

As for the purpose of my research study the sampling units are the people
who are student of college in Surat city.

 Sampling Size: how many students should be surveyed? Samples of less

than 1% of a population can often provide good reliability, given a credible
sampling procedure.
I have decided to carry out the survey of 100 respondents studying in
various field of education, from various colleges of Surat city.

 Sampling Procedure: How should the respondent be chosen? To obtain e

true representative sample there are two method of sampling.
 Probability Method: Sample Random Sampling, Stratified Sampling,
Cluster Sampling
 Non Probability Method: Convenience sampling, Judgmental
Sampling, Quota Sampling
I have selected Non-Probability method of sampling; because I have
decide to meet interviewer accidently which are studied in colleges.

(6) Organizing and conducting the field survey: After deciding the sampling plan
the next step is organizing and conducting the field survey. This is the most
important step, in this stage the marketing researcher is going to the
practical application of the questionnaire in the target population. In this
stage marketing researcher must decide how the samples should contact.
There are different types of contact methods.
- By Mail - By Telephone
 - By Online - By personal Interview
From these methods personal and mail survey are most frequently used in
India. I have selected personal interview method through the questionnaire
as it suits my purpose better. This method is most frequently used in India for
research work. A survey method has advantage of getting the original
information respondent by interviewing them personally. As my topic is
related to they’re interest so they are not having bored to filling the
questionnaire and are giving proper responses.

(7) Processing and analyzing the collected data: Once the field survey is over and
questionnaire has been received next task is to be analysis the collected
data. This stage is divided into 3 stages:
 Editing: the first task in data processing is editing. It is the process by
which data are prepared for subsequent coding. Editing is the process of
examining and omission in the collected data and making necessary
corrections in the same.

 Coding: It is the process of classifying the answers to questions into

meaningful categories. The symbol use to indicate these categories are
codes. It is necessary to carry out the subsequent operations of
tabulating and analysis the data.

 Tabulating: Tabulation companies sorting of the data into different

categories and counting the no. of cases that belongs to each categories.
The simplest way to tabulate is to count the no. of responses
I have used different types of tabulation and frequently distribution and
different types of graph for analysis the data collected for and used the
percentage method of finding.

(8) Preparing the research report: Once the data have been tabulated,
interpreted and analyzed the researcher is required to prepare a research
report. In this stage he has to present his finding in a written form.
questionare

Questionnaire for Internet Users

Personal information:

Name
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

gender Male Female

Age (years) ________________________________________________

Educational Qualifications Bba -------------(Years) Bcom--------------(Years) Ba---------------(Years)

Diploma-------------------- (years) Degree-----------------------(years)

College Name and Address

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

STUDY: To study the usage pattern of internet of college students.

1.Do You Use A Internet

Yes NO

2. Experience of Internet use

 How long have you been using the Internet?

Less than 6 months 6 months-1 year

1-2 years 2-4 years

More than 4 years

3. Frequency of Internet Use

How often do you use Internet services?

Daily 2-3 times a week

2-3 times a month Once in a month

4. Amount of Time spent on the Internet

On average, how many hours you spend in a week to use Internet?

Less than 1 hour a week 2-4 hours a week

5-6 hours a week 7-9 hours a week

10-20 hours a week Over 20 hours a week

5. Most frequently used location of Internet use

From which place do you most frequently use the Internet?

At college or work At home At cyber café
Mobile other____________

6. Purposes for Browsing Internet

The purpose(s) you mainly use the Internet for?
Research Entertainment Education
Communication

7.What do you like doing the most online? (multiple ticks)

 Chat Rooms Instant Messenger (MSN, Yahoo)

Blogs Gaming

Music File sharing

News Internet TV

Social Networking Web Browsing

Shopping Other………………………………..

7.What is the main way of communicating with your offline friends?

E Mail Instant Messenger

Voice call (mobile) SMS (text)

8.Do you use web cam?

8. do you use webcam

Yes No

Research methodology
Research Methodology
TO STUDY THE USAGE PATTERN OF INTERNET OF COLLEGE STUDENTS

Research Design:

“It is an overall framework of project that indicates what information to be collected from
which sources and by which procedure.”

“It is also plan structure and strategy for investigation conceived so as to obtain answer to
research problems”

Exploratory study:

The first stage in research design is the exploration of current situation. In this stage
clarification of the specific problem is defined. Exploratory stage gives the answer of
question that how I came to know about the problem statement.

Descriptive studies:

In the second stage, descriptive research design has been use because it described the
phenomena under the study and recommendation / findings were specific under this
study. Descriptive studies are undertaken in many circumstances. When the researcher is
interested in knowing the characteristics of certain groups such as age, sex, educational
level, occupation or income, a descriptive study may be necessary.

Cross-sectional studies:

Cross-sectional studies are used when the research is carried out in a particular time only.
A cross-sectional study is concern with a simple of element from a given population. Cross-
sectional studies are tow types – field studies and survey method. Although the distinction
between them is not clear-cut, there are some partial difference, which needs different
technique and skill.

Sampling design:

Here random sampling method has been used.

Defining the target population:

Sampling element: “College Students who is using a internet.”

Sampling frame: The information about the students who satisfy & unsatisfied the
internet usage.

Sampling size: The size of the sample is 100 respondents.

Duration of data collection: Time duration from 1-1-2011 to 28-2-2011.

Data collection method:

Sources of data collection:

Primary data: Primary data are collected through direct contact with the college students.

Research instrument:

Questionnaire was used for the purpose of the data collection as the instrument.
Questionnaire consisted of both close ended and open-ended questions.

Analysis tools and techniques:

Here in this project statistical test like, cross tabulation, paired-t and Customer Satisfaction
Index are used.
Synopsis
Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Collage Of

Mgt & Information Sciences

NAME : kareliya dharmendra c.

CLASS : T Y BBA (Sem 6th)

DIVISION: 2nd (Marketing)

ROLL NO: 044

 SYNOPSIS

 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:

To study the usage pattern of internet of college students.

 SCOPE OF STUDY:
Study is limited within surat city.

 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY:
o To know various usage of internet services.
o To know what kind of steps should be taken by company so that
they can convert non user into user.

 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY:
o To find out company’s performance though customer satisfaction.
o It helps to improve company performance regarding their services
provided to customer.

 GEOGRAPHICAL AREA:
 Nana Varachha, Mota Varachha, PunaGam, Katargam (in surat city).

SOURCE OF DATA:

o Primary data: - Collect information through questionnaire

o Secondary data: - Collecting data from internet
- Internet related magazine
- Company’s past record
- www.tikona.in

 SAMPALING PLAN:
o Sampling area: Surat
o Sampling method: Random Sampling method
o Sampling size: 100

 TOOLS OF GENERATING DATA:

o Questionnaire
o Internet
o Magazine

 PLANCE FOR DATA ANALYSIS:

- Tools & techniques - Charts

- Graphics - Table
 CHAPTER SCHEME:
1. Introduction to industry
2. Theatrical background
3. Problem definition
- Scope of study
- Objective of study
- Significant of study
- Limitation of study
4. Research methodology
5. Data analysis
6. Testing of hypothesis
7. Findings
8. Suggestions

 LIMITATION:
- The time given to the project is limited i.e. 2 months are not
sufficient to gather all information.
- The data provided by respondence is may be wrong.

 SPECIFICATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE:
- Questionnaire is enclosed.
 DIRECTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCE:
- It is useful for company and prospective user