University of California, Berkeley

School of Law
Dr. J. Kirk Boyd 2850 Telegraph Ave. Suite 500
Berkeley, CA 94705
Executive Director (510) 642-5924
kboyd@law.berkeley.edu
http://www.2048.berkeley.edu
U N IVE RSI TY O F C AL IFO RN IA

BERKELEY · DAVIS · IRVINE · LOS ANGELES · RIVERSIDE · SAN DIEGO · SAN FRANCISCO SANT A BARBARA · SANT A CRUZ

P ro po sa l fo r F unding

February 16, 2011

Contact:
Dr. J. Kirk Boyd, Esq.
Executive Director, 2048 Project
University of California, Berkeley
School of Law
2850 Telegraph Ave. Suite 500
Berkeley, CA 94705
(510) 642-5924
kboyd@law.berkeley.edu
http://www.2048.berkeley.edu
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Mission

The mission of the 2048 Project is to draft an International Bill of Rights that can be enforceable in the courts of all
countries by the year 2048, the 100th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 2048 is not a new
idea. It was Hugo Grotius, the Dutch Jurist, who broke the ground for the evolution of international law. Franklin
and Eleanor Roosevelt, John Humphrey, Rene Cassin and others extended international law through an evolution of
documents, among them the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the European Co nvention of Human
Rights. These documents are steadily progressing into an international framework of judicially enforceable human
rights. The result will be the culmination of one of the most important international social movements in the 21st
century: Humanity’s written agreement to live together, with judges in place to enforce that agreement. The Dutch
have been instrumental throughout these developments; it makes sense for a Dutch foundation to provide the means
for the next major step in international law.

The Program

The core of the 2048 Project is its website www.2048.berkeley.edu and the conferences it holds to build the content
of that site. The website includes a draft International Bill of Human Rights which anyone can sign and easily
comment upon. The ultimate document will surely be different than the existing draft. The draft on the website is a
starting point, not a finished document. Such a document could never be drafted by a small group of people, but
rather requires international participation from people of all backgrounds and professions. This process is “drafting
through dialogue.”

Leadership

2048 is a mixture of professors, judges, lawyers and people from many professions and backgrounds. Staff includes
Executive Director, Kirk Boyd, JD, LL.M, J.S.D, who is supported by a Program Director and Development
Director, along with an Advisory Board with members from the United States and abroad. 2048 regularly has many
interns from campuses both in the United States and overseas.

Milestones

The 2048 Project was launched on February 29, 2008, at the U.C. Berkeley School of Law. The participating
speakers included Mary Robinson, former High Commissioner of Human Rights at the United Nations and Robert
Haas, Chairman Emeritus of Levi Strauss & Company. Since the launch, 2048 has built up its website and hosted a
conference with participants from Europe and South America to discuss a Swiss initiative for a World Court of
Human Rights. A book has also been published "2048: Humanity's Agreement to Live Together," which was a
bestseller in the San Francisco Bay Area for four weeks in the Spring of 2010.

Funding Objective

The 2048 Project seeks 2.25 million dollars, $750,000 a year for three years, to produce a specific product: An
International Bill of Rights that is prepared through the 2048 website and a series of three annual conferences in the
Geneva, in March of each year during the meeting session of the United Nations Human Rights Council. These
conferences will take place in room number eight in the Palais des Nations, where the original Universal
Declaration of Human Rights was drafted. Throughout each year the website will be built up with global input from
both experts and students in preparation for the conferences. Then the input from the conferences will start the cycle
again. By 2015, the document will be in final form -- including a history of the process and substantiation for each
word for all to see.

2048 Project
Intro duc tio n
Too many of us think that peace
The 2048 Project is not something new. Rather, 2048 is part of a
is impossible. Too many think it
turning point for humanity. This turn covers a 100 year period, is unreal. But that is a
from the unanimous adoption of the Universal Declaration of dangerous, defeatist belief. It
leads to the conclusion that war
Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948, to the 100th anniversary of the is inevitable, that mankind is
UDHR in 2048. The 2048 Project was launched on the 60th doomed, that we are gripped by
forces we cannot control. We
anniversary of the UDHR in 2008. 2048 provides a process for
need not accept that view. Our
drafting an International Bill of Rights that can be enforceable in problems are man-made;
the courts of all countries by the culmination of this 100 year turn. therefore they can be solved by
man. -- John F. Kennedy
W hy?
The problem to address is that international human rights are recognized, but not enforceable. The
drafters of the UDHR provided an essential framework for defining what constitutes human rights, but
these rights remain unenforceable in courts of law. In order to be enforceable in courts of law, rights need
to be embedded in a document that can be interpreted by judges. The best way to do this is through a Bill
of Rights, including an International Bill of Rights that can harmonize local and regional Bill of Rights.

As the International Bill of Rights is to apply in all countries and across many cultures, it is essential that
it is drafted with input from people of diverse backgrounds and professions. One difficulty, however,
when seeking diverse input is that we cannot just ask people to participate in the drafting of an
International Bill of Human Rights, we must also teach about the evolution of documents that has led to
the creation of this new document. The focus of this Project is to not only bring together scholars from
all over the world but to give students and the youth an avenue to take part in human rights discourse and
genuinely participate through a website in drafting the International Bill of Human Rights.

E d u c a t io n
There are over 900 million students, internationally, between the ages of 15 and 25 who need to
learn about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the evolution of human
rights. Universal human rights embody the values of tolerance and understanding that are needed
in our international community. 2048 helps teachers worldwide meet this need by providing them
with a readily accessible and easy to use curriculum for teaching international human rights as a
one day event on Human Rights Day, December 10 of each year.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 1
 For three years now, working with Swiss nongovernmental organizations, the 2048 Project has
sponsored conferences at the Swiss Convention Center in Geneva on December 10 of each year.
Students have been brought from all over Europe as well as Africa to discuss human rights that
they all share, and to select rights they would include within the 2048 draft International Bill of
Rights. During the past year, December 10, 2010, the Internet was also used to allow students in
classrooms in different countries to participate in real time with the conferences.

By helping to draft a new document, students think and act like leaders. Their comments are
considered on the 2048 website the same as all others. Through this participation students feel a
sense of commitment and ownership in a society in which their ideas are being genuinely
considered and incorporated into the social contract for all.

The book 2048: Humanity's Agreement to Live Together, was on the San Francisco Bay Area
bestseller list for four weeks during Spring, 2010. This popularity reflects a broad interest in
2048, and this interest is not just in the United States, translations in Korean and Italian are
currently underway. One of the 2048 Project’s goals is to pursue further translations of the book;
by eliminating language barriers, 2048 can increase global access to information about the history
and evolution of human rights and the ongoing progress of drafting an International Bill of
Rights.

Dr a f t in g
It is not enough for people to learn about human rights, or talk about them. At some point we
must use our abilities to read and write in order to put these rights into documents.
For this we must engage in drafting.

The cycle of collection and incorporation is performed in a manner similar to that

which has been used for documents created by the International Law Commission
and the American Law Institute. Reporters collect comments, and then, based upon
this input, the reporters recommend new text within the document. It is essential
that the reporters’ incorporation of comments is transparent. Therefore, no textual change is ever
made to the International Bill of Rights without an explanation from the reporters on the website,
including the name of the person who submitted the comment that was a catalyst for the change,
and specific details describing how and why the change was made.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 2
 The comments made by students, and the collection of papers, articles and books to support their
comments, are all part of the preparatory materials which are compiled on the website. The first
2048 conference was held on leap year day, February 29, 2008, in the largest Berkeley Law
auditorium. Over 400 people attended. The second conference was held at the Berkeley law
school in November, 2009. It was a smaller group of scholars. Experts from the Swiss initia tive
for a World Court of Human Rights came from Europe and from South America for a two-day
conference. The website was used as a collection point for all materials prior to the expert
conference which enabled participants to have a lively discussion even before coming together.
This approach led to an open, well-prepared, dialogue. Also, a single afternoon event was held for
2048 last March, 2010 at the United Nations in Geneva, and included experts from several
countries.

The upcoming conferences will be held in room number eight in the Palais des Nations where the
original Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drafted. There are one hundred chairs in the
conference room, including the gallery. Our goal is to fill this space with both experts and
students. The next upcoming conference is on March 10 and
11, 2011, and will be structured as a preparatory meeting. The
first full conference is scheduled to be held in March of 2012,
(in accordance with the timeline in the 2048 book), and will
consider all of the comments and other materials compiled on
the website after the conference in 2011. The conference in
March of 2013 will be the second full drafting conference and
a repeat of the annual website collection and incorporation of
comments into the draft. These conferences will create a continuous cycle of revision and
refinement of the draft. A two year cycle is provided prior to the final conference in March, 2015,
to make sure there is complete inclusion before the finalization of the document. This process of
continual synthesis of open international commentary and constructive criticism from the
conference attendees is called "Drafting Through Dialogue."

The 2048 Project has a Geneva representative who formerly worked with the Commission on
Human Rights as well as the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Also, a Reporter in Geneva
is past legal counsel for the Human Rights Committee. The Executive Director for 2048 has been
attending the Commission on Human Rights and Human Rights Council meetings for the past 10
years. This, combined with 2048's affiliation with the Geneva School of Diplomacy, provides a
core Geneva organization for hosting conferences at the United Nations.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 3
W ha t?

T he P roject
The primary role of the 2048 Project is to serve as a facilitator. While the Berkeley Law School is
coordinating the collection and dissemination of ideas on educational curriculum and draft documents,
2048 is best understood as an affiliation of various universities, human right centers, and governmental
and non-governmental institutions that are having a discussion among
equals. The credo for 2048 is that it is the power of the idea that is
Everyone is entitled to a social
important, not its source. There are already thousands of NGOs and
and international order in which
foundations, internationally, that are working to respond to human rights the rights and freedoms set forth
violations. Using breakthroughs in Internet technologies that allow for a in this Declaration can be fully
real time, international effort, the 2048 Project enables these entities to realized – Universal Declaration
on Human Rights: Article 28
collaborate and create a framework of enforceable rights that will reduce
the number of human rights violations, not just respond to them. In so
doing, 2048 provides the institutional machinery for organizations and contributors with similar goals to
spend their time and energy achieving their missions through participation in a long-range project with a
definite goal and completion date.

Each of the participating organizations and individuals brings unique insight. Now, through collaboration
and drafting together, we can achieve even greater outcomes than we can accomplish individually. We do
not have to start from scratch. The European Convention on Human Rights is a preeminent example that
a transnational system of enforceable rights can be accomplished. Today, the European Convention on
Human Rights applies in 46 countries and almost every decision of the European Court has been followed
by the country from which the case arose. 2048, working in tandem with the Swiss government's project
for a World Court of Human Rights, is using the European Court model as a guide for expansion of other
regional courts and the creation of an International Court of Human Rights.

The idea of an International Court of Human Rights may seem a bit distant. But today we are in exactly
the same situation that scholars and foundations were in 20 years ago when they were preparing the
framework for an International Criminal Court. People realized at that time that there was not the political
will for an International Criminal Court, but nonetheless they went ahead and created a structure for it.
Then, when the horrors of the genocide in Rwanda occurred, and the political will was created, the
international community was able to step up within two years and build an International Criminal Court.
The same is true for the International Court of Human Rights that is being designed by 2048. It is true

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 4
that today there is not the political will; however, it is time to build this structure for whatever event will
trigger the political will for humanity to reach an agreement to live together. Events around the globe
show that the core values in the Universal Declaration are now making their way through Twitter and
Facebook into the expectations of people in all countries. A legal framework will have to be built to
protect universal rights and meet these expectations, or there will be continual political upheaval. It will
take leadership from a foundation to provide the means to build this structure. Then, when the time
comes, humanity will be prepared for a turning point towards an international community, and away from
the narrow-minded view pitting us against one another at great waste of our financial and natural
resources. This is a natural evolution for humanity. An International Court of Human Rights, a civil court,
is the next step after an International Criminal Court. It is complementary court to the International
Criminal Court. It is through a civil court in which atrocities can be prevented. Criminal courts only act
when heinous events have already occurred.

The key is that through the 2048 Project everyone’s opinions, internationally, are “put in
writing.” This assures there can be reflection and measure prior to incorporation of the thought
into the draft document. In this way we are, over time, putting our social contract (our agreement
to live together) in writing. The international framework being discussed is an agreement among
ourselves, and with our government representatives, about how we will live together in peace and
prosperity, with a clean and healthy environment.

Ho w ?

2 0 4 8 W e bs ite
The core of the 2048 Project is its website:
www.2048.berkeley.edu. The 2048 Project is designed to focus
and facilitate work done by others by providing a process for
the global community and organizations to work together. To
this end, the website is designed around the idea of “drafting
through dialogue” and will include translations into several
languages. Translations of the draft International Bill of Rights
have been made in Italian and Chinese. A Dutch translation is
being prepared in Leiden. As you can see from the website, “drafting through dialogue” includes the
posting of papers, articles, and books as well as the posting of individual comments on the website.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 5
 Resources
The website provides an ever expanding database of human rights information
that will be useful for the Geneva conference participants. The home for the
resources page includes an interactive map and is built to provide human rights
information for every country. The following information is being compiled
for each country:

 a collection of all of the human rights treaties that have ever been signed by that country
 their own bill of fundamental rights within their constitution
 a list of all of their human rights centers and other academic institutions for human rights
 a list of all nongovernmental organizations working on human rights within the country
 photographs and maps of the judicial institutions in the country that are responsible for
the enforcement of human rights.

In addition to country information, the resource section of the website also provides information
by topic. For example, if someone is researching rights such as health care or education, they can
click on that topic and find a useful compilation of papers, articles, and abstracts for pertinent
books. 2048 facilitates interaction among experts in a particular field by putting many resources
at their fingertips.

Progress of C om m ent s
Comments serve to increase legal consciousness around solving disputes using the law, rather
than force and violence. One of the most valuable outcomes of the 2048 Project is that it brings
individuals (academics, teachers, media personalities), organizations (multi-national corporations
and non-profits) and governments (United Nations and national legislatures) to focus together
upon a document that they can all put on a table, or computer, for consideration, and it does so in
a non-hierarchical manner. This element of focus is invaluable.

If foundation support is provided, the 2048 call for conference participation should be directed to
the business community as well as the academic community. From its very inception, the 2048
Project has had a business focus as well as an academic focus. One of the keynote speakers for
the launch of 2048, Robert Haas, is a former chairman of Levi Strauss & Co. As the keynote
speaker he called for the creation of "an international framework for human rights and business."
The draft International Bill of Rights that 2048 is preparing is such a framework. The time has

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 6
 come for businesses to support a project like this. Many businesses around the world, Royal
Dutch Shell, for example, are adopting voluntary codes of conduct. While these codes of conduct
are worthwhile, they put these companies at a competitive disadvantage with the companies that
do not have similar codes. The companies with codes have a direct financial interest in the
creation of an International Bill of Rights that would force their unscrupulous competitors up to
their level. Foundation seed money can lead to business funding that will not only provide
additional means, but the acumen to put help put together an international legal framework.
Business, working with academics and government representatives, would lead to the best result.
The book, 2048: Humanity's Agreement to Live Together, specifically discusses this business
connection, particularly in Chapter 2.

P r o g r e s s o f Do c u m e n t s
Writing is a particular strength of the 2048 Project. It is the ability to read and write that separates
humans from all other species, and enables us to prepare a written agreement to live together.
This is the core beauty in Bills of Rights. By focusing on a document through 2048, people and
organizations don't just talk, but also write. Often the flaws in our social order are perpetuated by
an untested assumption that people of different nationalities and religious backgrounds cannot
agree to live together in peace and prosperity. This assumption needs to be tested empirically.

One of the best ways 2048 tests the extent to which there is a shared appreciation of fundamental
human rights worldwide, is through its "have you signed" campaign. A special section of the
website is presently being constructed that will permit not only comments to be made, but will
provide that a person, or organization, will be able to sign the document. When they type in their
name it will appear in cursive as if it is being signed in the traditional manner of a Bill of Rights
on a piece of parchment.

Asking for this signature not only gives a quick and easy way for people to participate, it also
personalizes the inquiry. When people are asked if they are willing to sign a document (and
hopefully people within your foundation will contemplate this as well) they think in new terms:
they think about what they would be willing to agree to if people around the world were also
looking at, and agreeing to, the same document. This is an awakening for many people to a
collective consciousness, and is one of the most valuable aspects of the 2048 Project.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 7
 The growth of the draft International Bill of Rights can be carefully tracked. Signatures will be
logged on a counter posted on the homepage. In addition, comments made on the draft are
constantly being incorporated into the document in a transparent manner. The objective is to build
a better document through collaboration, by including suggestions for the deletion of an existing
article, the modification of the wording of an article, or the addition of a new article.

Our To o ls

In addition to the website organizational structure, and physical office space that the 2048 Project has
built up over the past three years, the Project has gathered a strong contingent of people from a range of
backgrounds who are capable of carrying out the multi-year cycle of website preparation and conference
implementation. The specific budget at the end of this proposal provides the compensation levels for
these individuals. Some basic information is provided here so you can get to know these people better and
see exactly what they would do with the funds allocated to them.

Kirk Boyd
Executive Director for 2048, he completed his B.S. in political science at the University of
California, Santa Barbara, (1981), followed by his J.D. (1985), LL.M (1996) and J.S.D. (2000)
from Berkeley Law School. He has been a litigator with a large firm, Morrison & Forester, and a
partner in the firm Boyd, Huffman, Williams and Urla. The majority of his cases have been civil
rights and environmental law. He was trained as a trial lawyer, but has also appeared as appellate
counsel at every level of court, including the United States Supreme Court. Kirk is also the author
of 2048: Humanity's Agreement to Live Together -- the International Movement for Enforceable
Human Rights, which is published by Berrett Koehler and available in bookstores, including
major chains, across the United States and Canada. The publication date was April 12, 2010, and
the book was a bestseller for 4 weeks.

Given the funding included for him in the budget, Kirk would devote 2/3 of his time, 30 hours a
week, to preparing for and participating in the three conferences that are the core of this proposal.
Kirk has an extensive network within the international human rights community, both in academic
circles and with non-governmental organizations. He also has the scholarly ability to coordinate
hundreds of drafters on the draft International Bill of Rights Document. This ability is built upon
his many years of study and teaching in the field of International Human Rights, and the practical
experience of enforcing human rights in both trial and appellate courts, including the US Supreme

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 8
 Court, for 25 years. It’s this rare mixture of the academic with the practicing lawyer that gives
him the ability to bring a wide range of participants to the drafting table, from foremost judges
and lawyers, to top academics, business representatives and students as well. In addition, as the
author of a bestselling book that has been purchased by Korean and Chinese publishers and is
being translated, Kirk shows a depth of understanding about the past as well as vision for the
future. As Executive Director, Kirk is also responsible for overseeing staff, and can work well
with others.

Bruna Molina
She is the Geneva Representative for the 2048 Project. Bruna was born in Italy and studied in
Argentina and the USA. She received a JD degree at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina,
and the Master´s of Comparative Law at the University of California, Los Angeles. She is fluent
in English, Spanish, French and Italian. Bruna worked for 20 years at various positions at the
United Nations, including Deputy Secretary of the Commission of Human Rights for 12 years,
Senior Coordinator for Human Rights Filed Operations, and in the Office of Legal Affairs as
Deputy Secretary of the Commission of Experts on War Crimes for the Former Yugoslavia. In
2002, Bruna was appointed a Director and later Under-Secretary General of the World Federation
of the UN Association (WFUNA) in Geneva.

Given the funding included for her in the budget, Bruna would devote 30 hours a week to
preparing for and participating in the three conferences that are the core of this proposal. Bruna
has a vast network of contacts within the United Nations, including within the Human Rights
Council, and the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. She has
passed through every human rights door at the UN and they still remain open to her. She also
knows many people on a personal level as her deceased husband was the United States
Ambassador to the UN in Geneva. The success of the conferences depends on the ability to
further build upon existing relationships such as the World Federation of United Nations
Associations which Bruna knows well as she served as their Under-Secretary General. Bruna is a
tireless networker with the ability to communicate and cajoul in four languages. Furthermore,
since she is also a lawyer, Bruna has respect within legal circles for her keen legal mind. She can
bring the European bench and bar to participate. Bruna has worked on 2048 for years and remains
invaluable.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 9
 Alfred de Zayas
Reporter for the draft International Bill of Rights and he also live in Geneva. He has his J.D. from
Harvard Law School, Dr.phil. Goettingen, and is a member of the New York and Florida Bars.
President of International P.E.N. Centre Suisse romand. He is presently a professor of
international law at the Geneva School of Diplomacy, and is retired Chief of Petitions at the
Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, and a former Secretary of the UN
Human Rights Committee. He is fluent in German, English, Spanish, French and Italian, and has
published in German, French and English. Among his several books, he is author with Justice
Jakob Th. Moeller of "United Nations Human Rights Committee Case Law 1977-2008: A
Handbook", N.P.Engel, Kehl 2009.

Given the funding included for him in the budget, Alfred would devote 30 hours a week to
preparing for and participating in the three conferences that are the core of this proposal. The
heart of the conferences is the text of the draft International Bill of Rights. Alfred is the surgeon
for this heart. Both through training at Harvard Law School, and on through his doctorate,
followed by practice, Alfred has been a master of the writing and interpretation of domestic and
transnational Bill of Rights. In particular, as chief legal counsel for the Human Rights Committee,
he has had the responsibility for drafting many comments for the Covenant on Civil and Political
Rights. Much of this work is embodied in his recent book which is compendium of cases before
the Human Rights Committee. It’s a great accomplishment for 2048 to bring people from around
the world to the drafting table. Alfred, both through his training and experience, as well as the
ability to read and write in five languages, is the invaluable person to lead them to get the writing
done.

Mishana Hosseinioun
She is the Program Director for the 2048 Project. She has her bachelor's degrees in rhetoric and
near eastern studies at the University of California, Berkeley, and received an MPhil in
international relations at the University of Oxford, England. She is currently a DPhil candidate in
international relations at Oxford composing her doctoral dissertation on an "international human
rights system and the Middle East." Mishana is fluent in Farsi, Arabic, German, English, Spanish
and French.

Given the funding included for her in the budget, Mishana would devote 25 hours a week to
preparing for and participating in the three conferences that are the core of this proposal. Mishana

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 10
 is a remarkable person who represents a remarkable generation. As recent events in Egypt have
shown, as well as the Iranian Green movement, and the election of President Obama, her
generation can be thought of as “generation rights.” Universal norms are taking hold in large part
because of people like Mishana who share a new perspective on the integration of our
international community. Mishana speaks six languages and through her many years of work on
2048 has brought in thousands of participants into the 2048 process. It is important that the
drafting table for the conferences include a diverse group of our international community,
including students from a wide range of universities. In addition to her keen intellect and ability to
communicate in a number of languages, Mishana has an exuberance that reflects her genuine
enthusiasm which is transmitted to others. Not only does she bring in many of her peers and
others, she brings out the best in them, and as a reporter herself participating on the actual drafting
of the document she demonstrates how people from different backgrounds can all participate in
the drafting process.

Gowri Abhaya
She is the Web Designer for the 2048 Project. She is a mathematician by training, and for many
years has been a designer using the Drupal platform to build numerous websites. Drupal is used
for many large interactive sites such as The Economist and The White House in the United States.
Gowri's expertise is in building large interactive websites that include submission of written
content for purposes of analysis and incorporation.

Given the funding included for her in the budget, Gowri would devote 25 hours a week to
preparing for and participating in the three conferences that are the core of this proposal. The
website is the circulatory system for the draft document. It takes talented orchestration to build
upon a Drupal back end and run an interactive drafting process. Drupal is used on large sites such
as the Economist and the US White House, Gowri knows how to make the most of it.

Jane Yu
She is the Office Manager for the 2048 Project. Jane is responsible for overseeing general office
operations which includes supervision of the 15 to 20 interns that work for the 2048 Project each
semester. Working with these interns, Jane helps to prepare the logistics for conferences as well as
coordinate responses to the steady stream of new members and inquiries about 2048.

Given the funding included for her in the budget, Jane would devote 40 hours a week to preparing
for and participating in the three conferences that are the core of this proposal. In addition to

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 11
 outstanding supervisory skills, Jane is exceptional with graphic arts and is responsible for the
layout of the bi-monthly 2048 newsletter as well as pamphlets and other materials. She puts a
great face on the project, inside and out.

Interns
They have proven to be a valuable asset for the 2048 Project. In addition to the genuine
enthusiasm of students from UC Berkeley, and other schools, including schools in the Netherlands
such as Utrecht University, these students have been effective at compiling research materials to
further the work drafting the International Bill of Rights. Many of these talented students have
work study funds so it is possible for 2048 to double to double the work for the funding in the
budget. In addition to our interns, an official student group has been created at UC Berkeley, and
it now has over 50 members with meetings of its own, separate from the regular meetings that are
held at the 2048 offices, so 2048 also leverages its funding with lots of talented volunteer support.

Membership
They are another valuable asset in 2048. 2048 has 892 members as of the date of this proposal. All
members receive a monthly newsletter via e-mail, and other important updates regarding the
ongoing work of 2048. In this manner, 2048 is not just a passing consideration, but an ongoing
commitment, both to the substantive work of the project, and opportunities to meet and share
thoughts informally.

Social Networking
It has also been put to use by 2048. 2048 has its own Facebook page and is on Twitter. Many
individuals contribute general thoughts on human rights as well as some specific thoughts about
the ongoing drafting of an International Bill of Rights

Office Space
It is provided to the 2048 Project by the Berkeley Law School. Berkeley Law has recently
refurbished a large six story building and given 2048 two enclosed offices along with four carrels
and a conference room for its operations. There is also a large section of bookshelves for the
extensive 2048 human rights library in addition to filing and office equipment so that 2048 has
modern space and technology to carry out its mission. This office space is provided by the Law
School without charge to the Project, so no foundation resources are needed for this valuable
asset.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 12
 Contact Management Software
It is also a valuable tool for the 2048 Project. 2048 uses a web-based contact management system
called Highrise. This system empowers 2048 to keep close track of all contacts made with new
members and contributors to 2048. It also enables documents to be posted at a centralized web
location so that interns from different schools, and professors in different countries, can all be
looking and working on the same documents. Highrise has proven to be a valuable tool for the
organization of 2048's ongoing activities.

Our N e e ds

This proposal has already outlined our ongoing activities, so they won't be repeated in detail here. Rather,
we are providing a detailed budget for a three-year period. The reason for three years is that it is important
for the participants in the 2048 Project to feel that they are part
of an ongoing, long-term, process that will culminate with a
See final pages for the annual
concrete document by 2015. Given the breadth of input that is
budget and timeline that is
necessary, it is not possible to create an optimum document in a
needed to produce an
single year cycle. Already, the experience of 2048 has been that
International Bill of Human
over time more and more people and organizations are
Rights by March, 2015.
gravitating to the Project.

2048 has already secured funding from the Whitman Institute, a California foundation that has provided
2048 with $250,000 in funding since its inception. This funding is now coming to an end, however, and no
more will be available from the Whitman Institute, although they remain quite pleased with their
involvement to date. You are encouraged to contact the Executive Director for the Whitman Institute,
John Esterle, either by e-mail, jesterle@sbcglobal.net, or by phone, (415) 982-0386, at their San
Francisco, California, office. 2048 has also received $200,000 in funding from the Dubai Human Rights
Association which is to be used for the inclusion of scholars throughout the Middle East in the 2048
process.

The crux of our needs at this juncture is for working capital. The Berkeley Law School has already made a
substantial contribution towards the establishment of an organizational structure. 2048 has excellent office
space and a steady core of staff and interns. Many leading scholars from different countries have attended
our conferences. Seed catalytic funds have already been provided, and a best-selling book explaining the
history and future of the 2048 Project has been published that has been popular both in the United States

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 13
and in Canada and is coming out in more languages. Now, with this base established, 2048 needs a
foundation with the foresight to provide a round of funding over the next three years that will produce a
concrete result: a document in the finest Dutch tradition of breaking new ground in international law that
may also be one of the most important documents in the 21st century. Thank you for your consideration.
Our proposed budget and timeline are on the following pages.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 14
Annua l B udg e t :
Personnel
Executive Director 1 $ 90,000

Program Director 1 $ 72,000

Development Director 1 $ 65,000

Office Manager 1 $ 60,000

Total Personnel $ 287,000

Operations, G/A

Travel and Accommodations for Conf. Participants $ 60,000

Conference Materials $ 15,000

Outside consulting from nonprofits $ 15,000

Web/Computer services/Video/IT $ 20,000

Web Supervisor $ 75,000

Total Operations $ 185,000

Projects

Geneva Representative $ 84,000

Reporters for Draft Document 2 $ 140,000

Education Conference $ 4,000

Work Study Students $ 50,000

Total Projects $ 278,000

TOTAL $ 750,000

TOTAL IN 3 YEARS $ 2,250,000

**This is the average annual budget based on average salaries and estimated costs there will be three
conferences as mentioned before 2011, 2012, 2013 so the grand total of the proposed budget for the
three conferences will be $ 2.25 million.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 15
T ime line :

February 28, 2008 - The 2048 Project was launched

February 29, 2008 - First preparatory conference was held in Geneva

November, 2009 - Second preparatory conference was at Berkeley Law School

March 10-11, 2011 - Third preparatory conference

March 2012 - First full conference

March 2013 - Second full conference

2015 - Final draft completion

**During the time before each of the conferences,

individuals, interns, organizations, etc. will continue to
gather research, information for the website, and make
comments regarding the wording of the documents. All
of the conferences will bring everyone back together,
along with new organizations that want to participate in
the drafting process.

2 0 4 8 P r oj e c t 16