9

Government Property

NOT FOR SALE

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Technology and 11

Livelihood Education
Quarter 2, Wk. 3-4 - Module 2
Handle Materials and Equipment

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Technology and Livelihood Education- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2, Wk.3-4 - Module 2: Handle Materials and Equipment

First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalty.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

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copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Division of Cagayan de Oro

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Sanny O. Delfin
Reviewers: Lilani N. Casas
Content and Language Evaluators: ___________________________
Illustrator/Layout Artist: Sanny O. Delfin
Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago, MSPh, PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members: Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Blair D. Castillon, PhD., EPS-EPP/TLE
Sherlita L. Daguisonan, LRMS Manager
Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
Charlotte D. Quidlat, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph
 9
Technology and
Livelihood
Education
Quarter 2, Wk. 3-4 - Module 2
Handle Materials and Equipment

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads, Education Program Supervisor in EPP/TLE
of Department of Education – Division of Iligan City. We encourage teachers
and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Iligan City at
iligancity@deped.gov.ph or Telefax (063) 221-6069.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...................................................................................................................................i
How to Learn from this Module.................................................................................................................ii
Icons of this Module.....................................................................................................................................ii

What I Know...................................................................................................................................................iii

Lesson 1:Handle Material and Machinery 1

What I Need to Know...................................................................................1
What’s In………………………………………………………………………..…..1
What’s New ..............................................................................................1
What Is It.....................................................................................................2
What’s More ...............................................................................................3
What I Have Learned...................................................................................5
What I Can Do.............................................................................................5

Summary......................................................................................................................... ...5

Lesson 2 Handle Material and Machinery 2

What I Need to Know..................................................................................6
What’s In………………………………………………………………...…………6
What’s New .............................................................................................6
What Is It....................................................................................................6
What’s More ..............................................................................................7
What I Have Learned..................................................................................7
What I Can Do............................................................................................7

Summary......................................................................................................................... .11

Assessment: (Post-Test)………………………………………………………………………....12
Key to Answers................................................................................................................ .14
References...................................................................................................................... .15
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
This Module is all about the Learning Outcome: Handle materials and
equipment. This module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The learning outcome 3. 2 Handle and transport materials, equipment and

machinery according to enterprise guidelines and Maintain a clean and safe work site while
working in accordance with OHS Procedures contains the knowledge, skills and attitudes
required for Agricultural Crop Production required to obtain the National Certificate.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome there are
Information Sheets and Activity Sheets. Do these activities on your own and answer the Pre
and Post Test at the end of each learning activity. If you have questions, do not hesitate to
ask your teacher for assistance.

This module contains information and suggested learning activities on

Observing procedures, specifications and manuals of instruction. It includes instructions and
procedure on how to read, interpret and observe instruction manuals of a device or machine.
Completion of this module will help you understand the succeeding module.

What I Need to Know

This module consists of 2 sub learning outcomes. Each learning outcome

contains learning activities with information sheet. Before you follow the instruction, read the
information sheets and answer the post-test and activities provided to assess your
competence by your teacher. He/she will check if you have acquired the knowledge
necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome.

i
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

ii

What I Know
 Pretest

A. Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answer among the choices.

1. What do you call that hand tool that is used for digging smaller size of hole?
a. bolo
b. crowbar
c. grub hoe
d. pruning shear

2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?

a. shovel
b. bolo
c. crowbar
d. mattock
3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?
a. crowbar
b. mattock
c. shovel
d. pruning shear
4. Farm tools, implements and equipment are very important in pre-horticultural
operations because they __________
a. make work easier
b. make work faster
c. save time and effort
d. all of the above
5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other is pointed at right angles to its
handle is --------
a. pick mattock
b. crowbar
c. bolo
d. spade
6. This tool resembles the appearance of spoon and is used for transferring soil is
a. spade
b. shovel
c. spading fork
d. grub hoe
7. What implement in tilling the land is being pulled by a working animal?
a. harrow
b. native plow
c. disc plow
d. disc harrow

8. An implement mounted to a tractor used to pulverize the newly plowed soil.

a. trailer
b. disc harrow
c. native plow
d. disc plow
9. What equipment in horticultural operations is used to draw water from a source?
a. sprinkler
b. sprayer
c. water pail
d. water pump

iii
 10. A small cart used to transport things, usually in the form of an open container with a
single wheel in front and two handles at the back is --------------.
a. hand tractor
b. tractor
c. basket
d. wheel barrow

B. True or False
Instruction: Write true if the Statement is correct and False if it is wrong.

_____1. Electrical hazards when working with defective equipment or during maintenance of
electrical installations and equipment, or repair of broken electric fences

_____2. Farmers often carry out a lot of maintenance work by themselves

_____3. Thermal hazards related to the use of welding or heating equipment during
maintenance, or maintenance of equipment with hot surfaces or operating fluids

_____4. Farm workers may get harmed because of lack of maintenance or as a result of
poor maintenance

_____5. Maintenance in agriculture covers a wide range of tasks and is necessary for almost
all work processes on farms

6. Clean and make them free from rust and dirt that keep the tools from functioning properly.

_____7. Segregate unserviceable tools, implements and equipment that are beyond repair
from those that can be repaired

_____8. Using an old toothbrush with some lightweight lubricating oil is a great way to work
fresh oil into the joints of most garden tools.

_____9. Maintenance is vital to any workplace if it is to operate in a safe and effective

manner.

_____10. Provide a sack or bag in one or two corners of the workplace where you can throw
your garbage.

iv
This page is intentionally blank
 Lesson Title of the Lesson
1 Handle Material and Equipment 1

What I Need to Know

LESSON 1: SUPPORT HORTICULTURAL CROP
LO 3. Handle materials and equipment
At the end of the lesson the student should be able to:
3.2. a. Handle and transport materials, equipment and machinery according to
enterprise guidelines.
b. Distinguish the effective handling of materials, equipment and machinery
according to enterprise guidelines.

What’s In
After storing waste material in a designated area according to workplace
procedure/OHS procedure however handling and transporting materials and machinery and
materials according to enterprise guidelines should be practiced.
OHS- Occupational Health and Safety
Storage- is a noun that explain where and when you will put all your waste materials
in the farm after being used.
Handle- It is taking good care of your material and machinery
Transport- It is bringing the material and machinery from one place to another.
Enterprise- it is an establishment where the materials and machinery where you
brought.
Guideline- It is the correct procedure that being followed in using the material and
machinery.

What’s New
Activity 1.1
a. In 10 minutes get a copy of materials or machinery guide or manual and read the
procedure of how to handle that certain material or machinery and answer these questions:
Answer in it a separate sheet/ notebook.

1. What material or machinery handling procedure you read?

2. What 1 handling procedure that you will never forget?
3. Why is it important to handle properly material and machinery?

1
 What Is It
Information Sheet 1.1

For productive, cost-efficient and effective handling of materials and

equipment, here are activities you can immediately implement:

 Schedule a regular clean up at least twice a year. This is also the time to
undertake a general inspection on machines and equipment. The activities include
removing all cobwebs, thorough scrubbing of the ceiling, walls, and floor, and
cleaning of machines. Segregate unserviceable tools, implements and equipment
that are beyond repair from those that can be repaired.
 Schedule clean-up activities twice a month, including wiping lighting fixtures and
windows, scrubbing of rest rooms, cleaning and oiling of metal parts of farm tools,
and placing lubricants to the moving parts of machines. Repair defective tools,
implements and equipment as soon as possible.
 For regular clean-up chores, give workers about five minutes daily to tidy the
work station, including the tools, farm implements, machine and equipment they use
before they go home. This motivates the next workers (if they you operate in shifts) to
start work immediately. Besides, this is a subtle way of developing in them the
housekeeping routine.
 Cultivate the habit of collecting waste even before it touches the floor. Provide
a sack or bag in one or two corners of the workplace where you can throw your
garbage. At the end of the day, your workers can just put their wastes in the
designated places for disposal at the scheduled day and time.

How to Clean Your Tools

Let’s start with the basics. Your shovel, spade, hoe, or even the blades on a hedge
trimmer will be a lot easier to use if you take a few minutes to knock some of the rust off the
blade. Not only will this extend the life of the tool, but also it will cut through the soil better,
and thus require less effort to use. It is a good idea to keep a
large whetstone in your shop to sharpen the blades of your
garden tools. This tool can be purchased at most hardware
stores. A whetstone is an ideal tool to use to keep all of the
cutting edges on your garden tools honed. It will work well on
your shovel, as well as many other common garden tool.The
best way to use the stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool
that you want to work on. A bench vise is ideal. You will be
able to clamp the tool into place at an angle, so you can work
on it. Clamping the garden tool into place with a vise frees up
both of your hands to use the whetstone and gives you more control over what you are
doing.
Apply a little bit of lubricating oil to the end of the tool and carefully begin to work the
stone over the blade. Maintain a 30-degree angle between the stone and the blade to form
the ideal cutting edge for your tool. Not only will the edge become sharper, but you will also
be removing any pitting and rust that has formed at the edge of your tool’s blade.

In instances where the moving parts of your garden tools (e.g. pruning shears, and
loppers) have frozen in place, like springs and pivot joints, you should disassemble them
carefully. Clean and make them free from rust and dirt that keep the tools from functioning
properly. Break free any rust or dirt that may keep the tool from functioning properly.
Remove stubborn rust with fine steel wool or wire brush. Using an old toothbrush with some
lightweight lubricating oil is a great way to work fresh oil into the joints of most garden tools.

2
Fresh oil will not only help your tool work as it is intended but it
will also prevent the formation of rust. Use medium-grit
sandpaper to remove rust on larger tools such as shovels,
spades, and hoes

Once your tools are clean, they're ready to be sharpened. When sharpening, try to
maintain the original factory bevel or angle. For pruners, use a whetstone because it
produces a very sharp cutting edge. Depending on the type of whetstone, apply a few drops
of oil or water to the stone. With the beveled side of the blade against the stone, rub the
sharp edge of the blade toward the stone in a curved motion, as if you were trying to shave
off a thin slice from the stone

When working with a file, stabilize the blades in a

vise or against a solid surface such as a work bench to
avoid injury and ensure an even stroke. Always push the
file across the blade in a motion away from your body.
Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting
into the metal on the tool. When sharpening with a file, do
not use oil; metal filings will accumulate and clog the file's
serrations.

Farm implements like ordinary plow and wooden harrow should be checked
thoroughly before use. Loosened bolts and nuts should be tightened firmly. Disc plow and
harrow should also be lubricated on their moving parts like bearings. Tractors should be
tuned-up very well by an skilled operator. Check on their oil, lubricant, fuel and cooling
system.
Tools that are defective should be separated and be fixed immediately to avoid
accident.

What’s More

Simple Repair and Modification of Tools and Implements

“Simple garden tools are simple to repair”. Spend a little time checking your garden
tools for things to fix and recycle.
To replace a tool handle:
1. Clamp the tool blade in a bench vise.
2. Remove the handle from the hasp using a drill, hammer, or other tools as
needed.

3. Insert the new handle into the hasp.

4. Tighten the handle in the hasp using fasteners. Use a screw and screwdriver to
firmly attach the handle to the tool head.

To fix a leaky hose:

a. Cut through the hose on either side of the bad section using a sharp knife.

3
 b. Attach male and female hose couplings to the cut ends, following the directions
that come with the couplings. If the new hose fittings don't slide in easily, try
softening the ends of the hose in hot water or lubricating them with soap or
cooking oil.
To fix a broken tooth of rake/fork:
Bring this to the shop and weld the broken portion of the tools. Do the same with
the other tools and implement that need welding. For farm machineries that need
repair, contact expert mechanics to the job.

Installation of Preventive Structure

It has been observed that as we go on our horticultural work we always experience
the occurrence of inclement weather. Before it is too late, think of anything that you can do to
safeguard your crops, tools and other facilities. We should not only focus our attention for
occurrence of inclement weather but we have to consider also other elements that may
cause loss or damage to our property (ex. astray animals, fire and thieves).

Let’s take a look into our facilities, such as; nursery shed, storage house, and farm
shops. Examine their physical conditions (roofing, sidings, or floorings). Can they survive
any disaster that may occur? Are the things inside safe? If not, what preventive structures
should you undertake? Below is a table indicating the facilities physical conditions, possible
calamities or disaster that may occur and the suggested preventive structures or
contingency measures to be undertaken.

Facilities Physical Calamities/ Suggested preventive/

conditions Disaster contingency measure

Nursery shed Weak posts typhoon Put braces

Storage barn Leaking roofing Heavy rains Put water sealant (vulcaseal)
Farm shop Unsafe windows and Thief/burglars Put grills and heavy duty
doors padlocks

Fires Provide fire hydrants

Or call fire department

Run off Construct drainage canal

Vicinity fence Dilapidated Astray animal Reconstruct fence

What I Have Learned

Activity Sheet 1.1

Instruction: List at least 5 materials, equipment and machinery and answer the given questions.
Materials/Equipment and How to Clean? How to transport?
Machine

4
 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

What I Can Do
Activity Sheet 1.2
Instruction: Draw/Illustrate or write the procedure on how to clean one of one of your Farm
Materials/Equipment in your House or in your school. In the box provided.

Summary
a. “Simple garden tools are simple to repair”. Spend a little time checking your garden tools
for things to fix and recycle.
b. For productive, cost-efficient and effective handling of materials and equipment, here are
activities you can immediately implement: Schedule a regular clean up at least twice a year,
Schedule clean-up activities twice a month, For regular clean-up chores, give workers about
five minutes daily to tidy the work station and Cultivate the habit of collecting waste even
before it touches the floor.

Lesson Title of the Lesson

2 Handle Material and Equipment 2

What I Need to Know

LESSON 1: SUPPORT HORTICULTURAL CROP
LO 3. Handle materials and equipment
At the end of the lesson the student should be able to:

5
 3.2. a. Maintain a clean and safe work site while working in accordance with OHS
Procedures.
b. Identify the safety awareness and encourage safe maintenance practices.

What’s In
Handling and transporting materials and machinery and materials according
to enterprise guidelines should be practiced. However, Maintenance is vital to any
workplace if it is to operate in a safe and effective manner. Maintenance can also be a
potential workplace safety issue if not properly addressed.

What’s New
Activity 1.1
Instruction: Answer it in another sheet of paper

1. Have your family members, employees, contractors and service providers read
and understood the contents of your safety statement or risk assessment?
2. Do the workers involved in maintenance work have all the information and skills
necessary to ensure safety and health?
3. Are adequate tools and instructions provided for maintaining, adjusting, cleaning
and unblocking machines?

What Is It
Information Sheet 1.1

All parts of a workplace should be safe to use, whether internal or external.

Maintenance of the workplace and equipment should be in place to keep the building in an
efficient state and equipment in good working order.

The introduction of a proactive maintenance system should include:

 Regular maintenance and, if necessary, inspection, testing, adjustment, lubrication

and cleaning
 Potential defects being remedied and access to defective equipment prevented in the
meantime
 Regular maintenance and remedial work being carried out, with a record keeping

Maintenance in agriculture covers a wide range of tasks and is necessary for

almost all work processes on farms: from maintenance of machines and vehicles, as
well as maintenance of silos (storage), buildings, electrical installations and

6
 farmyards. Although many accidents occur during maintenance, repair and cleaning
activities, poor data about maintenance-related accidents and diseases is available.

This is partly because it is not easy to separate maintenance work from other
agricultural activites and it is difficult to identify the number of workers involved
specifically in maintenance, or to decide whether an accident is maintenance-related.

Agricultural work is also a varied and demanding job with a high workload,
characterised by seasonal workload peaks (such as harvest times), a workload that
is determined by weather conditions (such as the need to complete haymaking
before a thunderstorm begins) and working in a wide variety of locations.

Occupational health and safety in agriculture differs from that for other
workplaces because the farm is often also a home: farmers frequently work and live
in the same location. This means that agriculture is one of the few industries in which
entire families are at risk of occupational injury because of the presence of children
under 14 and ageing persons over 65 on work sites.

Agricultural workers are more prone to accidents than most other occupations
for a number of reasons, which include: a. Working with giant farm machines,
vehicles, equipment; b. Multi-tasking without professional/adequate training; c.
Seasonal workload; and Long working hours and weekend work (six to seven days
in a week).

What’s More

Maintenance in agriculture influences almost all aspects of farm work, be it in the

state of buildings and infrastructure, or the operation of machines and equipment.

Farm workers may get harmed during maintenance work. Farm workers may get
harmed because of lack of maintenance or as a result of poor maintenance.

Maintenance activities in agriculture are various and include the maintenance of both
machinery and infrastructure, and the tasks range from oil and filter changes, battery

charging and replacement, lubrication, clearing blockages and maintenance of

hydraulic systems and tractors to maintenance of roofs and glasshouses, maintenance of
silos, slurry tanks, bins and grain tanks or maintenance of electric fences and roads.

Because of the wide variety of tasks, there are many different hazards involved,
including:

 Mechanical hazards related to the maintenance of machinery, such as crushing,

entanglement and high-pressure fluid injection

7
  Electrical hazards when working with defective equipment or during maintenance
of electrical installations and equipment, or repair of broken electric fences

 Thermal hazards related to the use of welding or heating equipment during

maintenance, or maintenance of equipment with hot surfaces or operating fluids

 Chemical hazards related to the use of dangerous substances during

maintenance, or maintenance of equipment containing dangerous substances

 Fire or explosion hazard during maintenance of facilities or equipment containing

dangerous and explosive substances such as tanks, bins and silos, or fuel tanks

 Biological hazards during maintenance of installations contaminated by biological

agents, slurry tanks, ditches and sewage infrastructure

 Ergonomic hazards, such as awkward postures, poorly designed tools

 Hazards related to working in confined spaces

 Falls from height, slips, trips

Farmers often carry out a lot of maintenance work by themselves. This applies to

routine maintenance like general repair work as well as day-to-day maintenance. Financial

pressures lead to a situation in which farmers choose the do-it-yourself approach instead of

paying a specialist contractor18 19. This increases the risk of accidents because, on the one

hand, the farmer may not have competences in maintenance and on the other, machines

and vehicles in agriculture are becoming more and more sophisticated, thus requiring

qualification in maintenance and repair.

What I Have Learned

Activity Sheet 1.1
Instruction: List at least all the Worksite of your Horticultural/Agricultural Crop Production Farm/
Worksites Size Remarks: Repair/ Clean/Maintain/Change

8
 What I Can Do
Work Sheet 1.2

The checklist presented here is intended to promote safety awareness and encourage safe
maintenance practices.

IN THE WORKSHOP
□ Is your workshop organised so that everything has a designated place?
□ Are walkways and working platforms clear of debris and free of grease and oil to reduce
trips and falls?
□ Are slippery surfaces due to oil or grease cleaned up immediately?
□ Is there space of at least two metres around a machine?
□ Are welding gas bottles secured upright, and when in use they can be moved easily on a
trolley?
□ Do you use only fireproof materials in workshop construction?
□ Do you have solid walls to support tool boards and shelves, and to anchor benches?
□ Do you have extra lighting for using some machine tools?
□ Do you maintain a minimum temperature of 10 degrees Celsius in your workshop?
□ Is the access to your workshop limited to people who work in it?
□ Is battery charging done in a well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition such as
welding flames or angle grinding?
□ Do you avoid dangerous substances such as chlorinated solvents for degreasing?
□ Do you put degreasing baths in well-ventilated areas?
□ Is your workshop equipped with Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters to help prevent electrical
shock?
□ Is arc welding done in a protected area so that others nearby are not affected by the
ultraviolet light and suffer ‘arc-eye’ as a result?
□ Are noise levels from equipment and machines such as compressors controlled or sited in
a separate closed area or outside?
□ Is PPE provided? (eye protection for chiselling, grinding and welding work; respiratory
protection for work that creates dust where extraction cannot be provided; foot protection
where there is a risk of

heavy objects falling onto the feet

□ Is a fully supplied first aid kit available?
□ Do you carry a communication system to call for help in emergencies?

FIRE SAFETY IN WORKPLACES

□ Are all workers on your farm informed about flammable and explosive hazards?
□ Are Material Safety Data Sheets available for all dangerous chemicals used?
□ Are fire-hazard areas appropriately signed?
□ Are all flammable materials stored safely (fire resting store, appropriate ventilation), well
away from possible sources of ignition? Also, where possible, stored away from buildings
and perimeter boundaries?

9
□ Are compressed gas cylinders stored safely, away from flammable materials, preferably in
the open air?
□ Are flammable materials on the farm kept to a minimum?
□ Are flammable liquid containers closed to stop vapour escaping? Where possible, are
special safety containers which have self-closing lids and caps used?
□ After each spell of work, do you check the area for smouldering matter or fire?
□ Are there enough properly maintained extinguishers of the right type to deal promptly with
small outbreaks of fire?
□ Are escape routes marked and kept free from obstructions?

ELECTRICITY
□ Are electrical cords undamaged?
□ Are plugs checked regularly to make sure they are properly earthed?
□ Is equipment ever connected without using a plug top and/or socket?
□ Do you buy plugs, sockets and fittings from a reputable supplier, checking that they are
sufficiently robust and suitable for the wet or dusty areas likely to be found on farms?
□ Do you ever use unsuitable domestic-type plugs and other accessories?
□ Do you ever use any equipment which has a temporary electrical joint, whether taped and
untaped, on extension cables?
□ Do you ever connect portable equipment, including infra-red lamps, to lighting circuits? □
Are improvised measures taken and repairs carried out in an amateur fashion?
□ Are faulty equipment or faulty installations ever used?
□ Are high voltages ever imposed on electric fences where the fence earth electrode is too
close to the farm installation earth electrode?
□ Do plugs and sockets have keyway coding to prevent voltage mismatch so that, for
example, a yellow plug will not be connected to a blue socket?
□ Are plugs and sockets appropriate to the voltage of the equipment used?
□ Are plugs and sockets of sufficient capacity?
□ Are all exposed metal parts, normally non-current-carrying, earthed?
□ Are protective conductors for earthing of sufficient size and properly installed, protected
and maintained?
□ Are protective conductors, if broken or disconnected, immediately restored?
□ Are earth electrodes made of base copper or hot-dipped galvanised rod or piping, at least
12mm in diameter, and driven vertically into the soil for a length of not less than 1.2m?
□ Are your earthing circuits tested by a competent electrician?
□ Do you operate or tip high machinery or equipment under or near overhead power lines?
□ Do you/your family/your employees know how to free a victim from electrical contact and
treat electrocution victims?

Summary
A 35 year old worker wanted to install a lightning protection device on a barn. The
worker used an aluminium ladder to install the lightning protection on the barn. Because the
ground beneath his ladder was covered with frozen snow, it slipped away from under him
and he fell, sustaining serious head injuries. Cause of accident: Working alone and no anti-
slip protection.

10
 Agriculture also has a poor record of occupational health compared to other sectors .
Although the overall risk of occupational disease among agricultural workers is lower than
that for other workers, the rates for certain diseases appear to be higher among agricultural
workers. Thus, Maintenance and safety is very essential.

11
 Assessment: (Post-Test)

A. Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answer among the choices.

1. What do you call that hand tool that is used for digging smaller size of hole?
a. bolo
b. crowbar
c. grub hoe
d. pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?
a. shovel
b. bolo
c. crowbar
d. mattock

3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?

a. crowbar
b. mattock
c. shovel
d. pruning shear
4. Farm tools, implements and equipment are very important in pre-horticultural
operations because they __________
a. make work easier
b. make work faster
c. save time and effort
d. all of the above
5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other is pointed at right angles to its
handle is --------
a. pick mattock
b. crowbar
c. bolo
d. spade
6. This tool resembles the appearance of spoon and is used for transferring soil is
a. spade
b. shovel
c. spading fork
d. grub hoe
7. What implement in tilling the land is being pulled by a working animal?
a. harrow
b. native plow
c. disc plow
d. disc harrow
8. An implement mounted to a tractor used to pulverize the newly plowed soil.
a. trailer
b. disc harrow
c. native plow
d. disc plow
9. What equipment in horticultural operations is used to draw water from a source?
a. sprinkler
b. sprayer
c. water pail
d. water pump

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 10. A small cart used to transport things, usually in the form of an open container with a
single wheel in front and two handles at the back is _________________.
a. hand tractor
b. tractor
c. basket
d. wheel barrow

B. True or False
Instruction: Write true if the Statement is correct and False if it is wrong.

_____1. Electrical hazards when working with defective equipment or during maintenance of
electrical installations and equipment, or repair of broken electric fences

_____2. Farmers often carry out a lot of maintenance work by themselves

_____3. Thermal hazards related to the use of welding or heating equipment during
maintenance, or maintenance of equipment with hot surfaces or operating fluids

_____4. Farm workers may get harmed because of lack of maintenance or as a result of
poor maintenance

_____5. Maintenance in agriculture covers a wide range of tasks and is necessary for almost
all work processes on farms

_____6. Clean and make them free from rust and dirt that keep the tools from functioning
properly.

_____7. Segregate unserviceable tools, implements and equipment that are beyond repair
from those that can be repaired

_____8. Using an old toothbrush with some lightweight lubricating oil is a great way to work
fresh oil into the joints of most garden tools.

_____9. Maintenance is vital to any workplace if it is to operate in a safe and effective

manner.

_____10. Provide a sack or bag in one or two corners of the workplace where you can throw
your garbage.

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Key to Answers

A. Multiple Choice:

1.a
2.bunos
3.d
4.d
5.a
6.b
7.b
8.d
9.d
10.d.
B. True or False
1.True
2.True
3.True
4. True
5. True
6. True
7. True
8. True
9. True
10. True

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References
 Agricultural Crops Production NC I Competency Based Learning Materials

 Mónica Águila Martínez-Casariego, INSHT, Spain Kirsty Ormerod, Mark Liddle,

HSL, United Kingdom Gediminas Vilkevicius, LZUU, Lithuania Ellen Schmitz-Felten,
KOOP, Germany Edited by Katalin Sas, European Agency for Safety and Health at
Work (EU-OSHA), 2011, Maintenance in Agriculture and Safety and Health Guide,
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, Luxembourg: Publications Office of
the European Union, 2011, ISBN 978-92-9191-667-2, doi 10.2802/54188 Retrieved
May 27, 2020 from https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/maintenance-in-
agriculture-a-safety-and-health-guide

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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

DepEd: Division of Iligan CIty

Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063) 221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph

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