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ARALING PANLIPUNAN III (World History) Handout 4.1 SY 2014-2015

The Indians did not generally feel content about British rule in India. Indians lacked equal job opportunities.
They were not allowed to advance to high positions in government service or to become officers in the army.
When World War I broke out in 1914, Britain declared that India was also at war with Germany.
Indian troops fought in many parts of the world. In return for support, the British promised
more reforms and agreed to let Indians have a greater role in political affairs.

A large but peaceful crowd was To quiet demands for

protesting in the heart of the city independence, the British promised
of Amritsar, in violation of the greater self-government after
ban against public meetings. WW1. But only minor reforms
British soldiers opened fire on the were proposed when the fighting
unarmed men, women and ended.
children. 379 people were killed
and 1,100 more were wounded. 2
1 Demand for Self
Amritsar Rule
Massacre Dubbed as Mahatma, or
“Great Soul”, Gandhi came
from a middle-class Hindu
5 family.
3
Towards
Freedom Mohandas
Gandhi

All around the world,

NATIONALISM IN INDIA
Embraced Hindu
newspaper criticised traditions and
Gandhi’s campaign of
Britain. Stories revealed adopted the weapon
nonviolence and self-
the brutal treatment of Went to England to of nonviolent
sacrifice of his followers
the police toward study law and resistance. He
slowly forced Britain to
peaceful marchers. eventually joined an preached the
agree and hand over some
Indian law firm in doctrine of ahimsa or
power to Indians.
South Africa nonviolence and
reverence for life
British established a salt
monopoly in India, where locals 4 He admired the western idea of civil
can only buy salt sold by the disobedience, the refusal to obey
British Government. Gandhi The Salt unjust laws. He rejected the
sent a letter to the British March inequalities of the caste system and
viceroy in India of his intention fought hard to end the harsh
treatment of untouchables.
Gandhi set out with 79 followers on
Gandhi was arrested and jailed. But
a 240-mile march to the sea,
Indians followed his lead. Coastal
encouraging crowds to join
villages started collecting salt.
Gandhi’s protest. By the time they
Congress party leaders sold salt on
reached the sea, the marchers
city streets – and were arrested. As
numbered in the thousands.
Gandhi’s campaign gained force,
tens of thousands of Indians were
imprisoned.
Sources:
pp. 660-662 World History: Connections to Today
Prentice Hall, 2005