Name: Peri Diffusion and Osmosis Worksheet Despite their difference in size and shape, all cells are enclosed by a cell membrane that consists of a double layer of phospholipids interspersed with proteins. Its unique structure is described as selectively permeable because it permits some substances to cross it rapidly, while others are unable to cross it, or cross it slowiy. Thus, the cell ‘membrane regulates the substances entering and leaving the cell. There are three methods for passive transport of molecules through a cell membrane. Passive transport processes are ones that do not require cellular energy to proceed. A cell membrane that allows the passage of certain substances is said to be seml-permeable. For example, a semi-permeable cell membrane might not be permeable to certain large molecules, but might be permeable to oxygen ‘and carbon dioxide, which means these molecules can pass freely across the membrane. The force that propels oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other molecules across the membrane of the cell is called diffusion, Diffusion is defined as the movement of molecules from an area that is more concentrated (crowded) to an area that is less concentrated. The movement of water molecules across a membrane is a special kind of diffusion called ‘esmosis. Osmosis typically occurs to balance the amount of salt found in the cell of the outside environment. When a red blood cell is placed in a very salty solution, water molecules will begin to flow out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink. Facilitated diffusion is the movement of molecules across the membrane with the aid of a transport protein from the cell membrane. Passive transport typically occurs until the number of molecules on either side of the ‘membrane is equal. 1, What does it mean to be selectively or semi-permeable? 2, tally heen oP A Membrane will allow only sume molecules 40 move across. Usually because ¢ Size Laver molecules worst rove 2 What ls passive transport? ito, fem ant Ove of high concentrahion to low Concewtvahon. Thus dees not requaie energy thappen, Like doim4 downhill th a bike; ne peAn 3. What are three types of passive transport that occur in the body? Faciltaled aittusion, osmosis, crffusien 4 Whats actated dion? What structure sus with hs process Concuntranen p lowe concetractiey he movement of wideuales irom Aven Of AV ve ‘What'ts the overall ictal mci eae aan “ ay ack of Nigh cencenTahen 0 low conderttation pitheut Ising gner wn th frthen qyadiont PSAP Oi Fare Tia thgh Concentration inside — hh Conc, tvtsicde Wren = : =H, 2. Lhaiy ooncentvaen enstal Vw tone. owtside. fous cone. Inside Drs xe. ae A D) Catehrinice Tat eivent fuhonam diagram(s) show that the cell will shrink? AdD diagram(s) show that the cell Cen Shrinks ill swell?8. Which diagrams) show equilibrium in the cell? 9, Allof the diagrams above are examples of a type of passive transport called? Osmosis ~ the feverent of eee DEeSS. Hern Semi-permeable membrane fem high cecentrahon te” lw cencentyahen 10. A type of membrane that only allows certain materials to pass through is called? ‘Answer questions 11-14 using the diagram below: @ =O; 11, {s the highest concentration of molecules inside or outside ofthe celf?_Cut sic © 12. Draw the above cell in equilibrium with oxygen molecules. equal number of 5 ialecudes: isle and eutside he cell 13. What type of passive transport is displayed in the above diagram? (115.01. 14. Oxygen is needed to produce energy in eukaryotic cells. Which organelle would you think needs oxygen the most? The meochendyie heeds Air Cellulay Respirairer te Convert glucose te ATP Answer questions 15-17 using the information below: Salt water has 95% water and 5% salt. Fresh water has 98% water and 2% dissolved substances. 15. If you were lost at sea and you drank salty seawater, what would you expect to happen to the cells in your body? ander unt MEL uct OF (shrink, swell, or stay same size) Why do you think that? ee 1 we feb a cme vecau J | yewe calls are tin, asolutirw orth « 16. Alarge-mouth bass is taken from a fresh water lake and transplanted into the river. Ifthe conditions for survival are a] mal, would you expect the cells inthe fish to shrink, swell of stay the same? Why do you think that? cer wht Dek he snime ConcenWarioyeaetliberumn Sotned Bat ® | hy the ome ee 17. if sea star egg is taken from the ocean and put into Elk Lake would you expect the egg to shrink, swell, or stay the eZ) the sas ogg Will Pein & Kynar Hi Loneentration same? Why do you think that? [a : 40 HO wilt Move infothe cel causing wf te swellbond: @GCSE Science: B/alagy Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport Worksheet This worksheet accompanies Diffusion.ppt, Osmosis.ppt and Active Transport.ppt 1. Which type(s) of transport is each statement true for? Add ticks to the correct boxes. | A substance moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. Can happen in living cells. ‘A substance moves and becomes more evenly spread out. ‘The movement does not use energy and is caused by the random movement of individual particles. ‘The movement requires energy from respiration. (pv) Only water is involved in this type of movement. Water moves from a less concentrated solution to @ more concentrated solution. 2. Choose a word from the box at the bottom of the page to fill in the gaps in the sentences below. You can use words once, twice or not at all. In animals, oxygen Cel wie 4, AitFuSeS into cells across cell membranes to be used in . Carbon dioxide. . In plants, carbon dioxide diffuses into cells to be used in , Water enters the ropts of plants by ...0S'\°S\S.___. Water moves into cells through ¥ yeable membranes, which allow small molecules, such as water, to ass through, but not large molecules. Plants use a process called |. (1) 112 root cells. This requires |, ©\¢. vv sto move minerals such as nitrates into photosynthesis, osmosis partially reSpihlton © © Boardworks Ltd 2011 1opr GGCsE Science: Biology 3. The diagrams below show substances at different concentrations, separated by & membrane. Out of each pair, say which one will have a faster diffusion rate, and explain why. a. Slower, adtfusion, wate fastev rate he © Boardworks Ltd 2011 2 Same in bot examplesbond.) GCSE Science: B/olagy Name:, Date: | 4, The experiments below show visking osmometers, which are used to measure osmosis. Visking tubes are partially permeable. The experiments below all involve different solutions. They were left for a day. The water level at the start of the day is shown. Mark on each diagram where you think the liquid levels will be after one day. a) b) glass tubing Brecourse te Awo ave \i equi \s brown water at the start of the day ‘secured with knot visking tubing ution iM glucose 54 glucose “7 solution solution . . water IM gluscse= Tm ef ghcose EM Is higher Cencentrntin of hese They have the Same eencentighn Phan distrilec water OD cand Are in equebbruum \ee) © Boardworks Ltd 2011 3Catt) G GCSE Science: Blolagy 5. A student set up an experiment to investigate osmosis in potatoes. He cut six chips which are approximately 5 cm x 1.cm x 1.cm and recorded the mass of each. He placed ‘each chip in a sugar solution of a different concentration. After a day he recorded the mass of each potato chip again. His results are shown in the table below. nen the of free ) i) What is the approximate concentration of a potato cell? Between o-2- OS ii) Explain your answer. The...petouke vw. CNBR. Ae NSS weld be & © Boardworks Ltd 2011 4