Copy No.

38

NASA Program Gemini Working Paper No. 5027

MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THIRD

MANNED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW

DISTRIBUTION AND REFERENCING

This paper is not suitable for general distribution or referencing. It may be referenced
only in other working correspondence and documents by participating organizations.

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER
HOUSTON, TEXAS
June 211_1965_
(HASI^H-X-12248) MISSION TRAINING PLAN N75-70523
FOR THIRD M A N N E D GEMINI FLIGHT CBEW
(NASA) 23 p Unclas
00/98 17537
 NASA Program Gemini Working Paper No. 5027

MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THIRD

MANNED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW

Prepared by: Mission Training Section

Authorized for Distribution:

Donald jt. Siayton

Assistant Director for Flight Crew Operations

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER

HOUSTON, TEXAS
June 21, 1965
 1-1

1.0 SUMMAEY

The completion of the training activities, directly related to the

preparation of the primary and backup crew teams for the third manned
Gemini Mission will require more than Uo hours a week for each crew
member. This does not include several crew activities which are accom-
plished on an individual basis (such as study and physical fitness
training) or those activities that are considered to be more directly
in support of operations and engineering effort. A summary of the crew
members' time involvement in each training activity is included in
figure 5-1.

Planning and coordination will determine the relative success in

fulfilling the training objectives within the minimum time period.
Equipment location and availability will be such as to reduce crew and
ground support personnel travel requirements. The Crew Commander (3~l)
is responsible for accomplishment of the overall plan.
 2-1

2.0 INTRODUCTION

This document defines the specific mission training and operational

'activities of 'the primary and -backup crew'designated-.for the 'third
manned Gemini mission. It is primarily-intended as a guide to the flight
crews'and personnel responsible'for the training of crews for flight.
The•modification and'updating of this document will-be the responsibility
of the'Flight Crew Support'Division (FCSD) with the authorization of the
'Assistant Director for Flight Crew Operations. The criteria used in de-
veloping this plan were as follows: " -' .. . . ••

1. The specific mission training'period covers the final period of

training (approximately six months) during which selected crew members
begin training for an assigned mission. When applicable it'also includes
their participation in the group training effort.

2. Although crew members are normally scheduled as teams and in

their designated seat- position-j cross team and cross seat training will
be accomplished to assure that each crew member can satisfactorily per-
form the'more•critical tasks. This will permit some late date flexi-
bility in reassignment of'crew personnel as well as alleviate the sched-
uling problem. The degree of cross training will decrease as the. launch
date approaches.

3. Only one crew member will be required to participate in the less

critical activities.- He, in turn, will brief the other crew members as
to significant results. This applies particularly to spacecraft testing
and certain systems or operations meetings.

k. The backup crew must be as prepared for'-flight as the primary

crew. This will permit, if the need arises, replacement as a team or by
individual seat position with no or minimal delay to launch schedule.

5. The spacecraft test schedule is the basis for scheduling all

other crew activities.

6. Crew members will receive a review of the appropriate space-

craft systems prior to participation in major spacecraft tests and fly-
ing the mission simulators.

7. The following designation has been assigned the four crew mem-
bers:

3-1 Command pilot primary crew

3-2 Pilot primary crew (right seat position)

2-2

3-3 Command pilot backup crew

3-U Pilot backup crew

8. The overall plan will be reviewed periodically between the crew

members.and FCSD training personnel. A working group of FCSD personnel
will be responsible for the planning and coordination of all flight crew
training activities. .The group .will meet regularly.each Monday to .review
briefly the overall training plan for the subsequent week. .The. working
group shall be kept to a minimum and informally conducted to..achieve max-
imum effectiveness. Personnel composing this group are:

Chief, Operations and Training (Astronaut Office)

Flight Crews for Designated Flight

Mission Training Section Representative

i
• • .Simulator Operations Section. Representative .. . ., , .. •

Generally, it will be the responsibility of the primary command .pilot.

(3-1) assisted by training personnel, for assignment and coordination .,
of .the scheduled activities shown in figure 5-3- ' - ••. •
 3-1

3.0 PREPARATION AND .TRAINING-: ...v,.-, :

....- „
The following is a description of each of the major areas in which
the crew will be extensively involved. •••Schedules, defining specific areas
of preparation are included on figure 5-2 and figure 5-3 to illustrate
the proper sequencing of individual crew activities. . . . . . . .

3.1 Spacecraft Tests

Extensive .participation by crew members 'in'the"testing of .their

respective spacecraft>is.of major operational and training value to the
flight crews. It is necessary to have an operator or observer inside
the spacecraft during many of the tests. The flight crews will fre-
quently fulfill this requirement for the major spacecraft tests and, in
so doing, become very familiar with the characteristic,functioning of
the spacecraft they will fly. In addition, when various modifications
or "fixes" are considered, or required, they;will be able ,to make inputs
with full knowledge of the situation.

Spacecraft tests are normally run on a 2U-hour basis, requiring

both crew teams tptcpver the critical crew interface tests. One or two
crew members can adequately cover the less critical tests. The crew
members will be responsible for briefing those-crew members, who did
not participate in a particular test,.on the significant results. When,
.practical all four crew members will attend the major spacecraft test
reviews. . • ;__ •. • -.., . • •.-...-.

The crew participation in the spacecraft testing pf the Gemini V

spacecraft is shown in figure 5-2. Each crew member will spend between
Uo and 50 hours in the Gemini spacecraft no. 5. and ...a much greater
amount of time observing, trouble shooting, reviewing the status of the
spacecraft as well as supporting prior;,spacecraft .tests and launch
operations. •• •..'•..-.-•., ...

The following outlines crew members':.participation in spacecraft

testing. The complete spacecraft test plan and test procedures are
contained in SEDR 301-5. ;; • „•..., : - . ... :

3-1.1 Spacecraft no. 3«- ..•••: .-, ••.- : • - •-.-'

Crew

GT-3 launch " '"$'''

Debriefing (MSC) V
3-2

3.1.2 Spacecraft no >-*+.- -"-'

Crew (Cape)
• ' 'Final' simulated flight •''••' 2 • -'•• ' ;• -
Launch -

Debriefing

3.1.3 Spacecraft no. $.-

Grew (St. Louis)

ECS - " •-.'•••

Systems assurance h-
Simulated flight ^

Altitude chamber

Crew (Cape)
Premate systems test and
complex compatibility 2 '

Premate simulated flight test k

:
Mechanical-mate

'Electrical mate---

• • Environmental and joint

guidance and control h
Joint combined systems test h
Flight configuration mode test

WMSL C/V and Cont for final

systems test

S/C final systems test

Final simulated flight

 3-3

3..2 Gemini Mission Simulator Training

The flight crew will complete a training .program utilizing the

Gemini Mission Simulator to provide them with extensive experience in the
normal and abnormal operation of the flight systems as well as a multi-
tude of operational anomalies. The.program consists of.1+0 sessions which
are outlined in table U-I. Since simulator hours per se'are not signifi-
cant with regard to the training requirements, no session times are
listed. Ho.wever, for general scheduling with the other .training acti-
vities (see fig. 5-l) it is assumed that unsuited-and suited sessions run
approximately 2 a n d , 3 hours, respectively. . . . . .

Increased emphasis in the training program will be placed on out-

the-window vehicle positioning -and control during both day and night side
operations, using .both the Gemini Mission Simulator and the Gemini Part
Task Trainer.. The-tasks to be-performed using the visual display systems
are: (l)- orientation of the vehicle to various positions from random ini-
tial attitudes:, (2) practice estimating vehicle.'rates using celestial and
terrestrial information, (3) practice flight plan maneuvers and tests,
.(U) manually position the spacecraft and hold retroattitude during "simu-
lated retrofires, (5) manually control spacecraft attitudes and attitude
rates during reentry using the horizon, and (6) practice REP rendezvous
procedures. .
This document contains only an outline of the flight .crew mission
simulator program. A detailed description of each exercise will be
distributed on a limited basis to those personnel and crew members who
are directly involved in training on the Gemini Mission Simulators.
The mission simulator sessions, will be accomplished with crew members in
their assigned seat position. Generally, the familiarization and systems
failure sessions will be accomplished.at Houston and the mission training
exercises at Cape Kennedy.

Each training session includes a briefing and debriefing. The pro-

gram order may be. modified depending upon such factors as availability
of simulation tapes, equipment, and assessed value of individual sessions.

Training on the mission simulators will .proceed in four phases:

fami-liarization•, systems failures, .normal mission with random malfunc-
tions, and launch and network simulations".:^--

-3.2.1 Familiarization.- The purpose, of. this phase, is to thoroughly

familiarize crew members with the planned mission, the normal operating
.characteristics of the -spacecraft systems, and the preliminary flight
plan. These five sessions consist of-a brief prerun review followed by
operation of the simulator.
 Session 1 - Attitude and maneuvering control using each control
mode including holding vehicle attitudes during simulated retrofire and
reentry maneuvers. Platform alignment procedures will also be practiced.

. Sessions 2 through 5 - Review flight plan activities and flight

experiments. The flight .crew will wear pressure suits during two of
these exercises.

.3-2.2 Systems failure.- The purpose of this phase is to thoroughly

prepare the flight crew in systems failure detection and analysis and
the application of alternate procedures or systems modes. The appli-
cation of specific mission rules is at a minimum.

The nine sessions comprising this phase of training have been, to

the extent practical, delineated by major spacecraft system. At least
one session is devoted to each system. The number of failures per
ses,sion (approximately 12) is kept to a minimum so that each failure can
be discussed and practiced in detail. Multiple systems failures are
planned for the final phase of the mission simulator training.

Session 6 - Electrical sequential . . • ..

Session 7 - Electrical power and communications

Session 8 - ACME ' ..

Session 9 - CAMS and RCS ' ' •

Session 10 - Combined ACME, OAMS, .RCS

Session 11 - Same as exercise 8 •

.Session 12 - Navigation and control

Session 13 -. Environmental control system (suited)

Session lh - OPEN

3.2.3 'Normal missions with random malfunctions;- This phase .con-

sists of 19 training exercises with each crew member occupying his as-
signed seat position. The purpose of this training is to perfect each
crew member.'s capability to accomplish his .specific mission duties as
detailed in the mission flight plan. The majority of the training'ses-
sions will consist of a nominal launch, practicing the orbital activities
on a nonreal-time basis and a manual reentry. Random failures will be
simulated which normally will not require early termination of the mis-
sion. Critical mission phases, such as launch, retrofire and reentry,
 3-5

are emphasized .by accomplishing sessions de.voted to perfecting these

tasks.. The exercises, comprising this phase are as follows: '

Session .15 ^ Normal mission • ..' .. " . . ' . ' ' . ' . -

Session 16 - Normal mission .

Session 1 7 - Launch aborts ... .

Session 18 - Normal mission ...

Session 1 9 - Launch aborts ...

Session 20 - Normal mission with random failures (suited)

Session 21 - Normal mission with random failures (suited)

Session 22 - Normal mission with random failures (suited)

Session 23 - Launch aborts

Session 2k - Normal mission with random failures

; Session 25-,- Normal mission with random failures

Session 26 - Normal mission with random failures

Session 2? - Retrofires and reentries

Session.28 - Launch aborts

Session 29 - Retrofires and.reentries

Session 30 - OPEN . ' :

.Session 31 - Normal mission with random failures (suited)

Session 32 - Normal mission with random failures (suited)

Session 33 - Launch aborts

• 3.2.4 Launch and network simulations (6 sessions).- The final

phase of training on the Mission Simulator (F-14 to F-2 days) consists
of several simulations involving a part or all of the ground network
support personnel as well .as the flight crews. During these simulations
the mission, is rehearsed, exactly .as it is planned for the actual flight.
3-6

The crews will occupy their- respective seat positions during the
countdown and'launch through insertion. -Upon'completion of the launch
simulation, the crew will participate in the post simulation discussion.
During network simulations, the crews will have the option of remaining
in the trainer and practicing tasks independently. The launch and net-
work simulations as presently planned are as follows:

Session ^k - Launch simulation '

Session 35 - Launch simulation ' -

Session 3 6 - Network simulation - -..-..•'

Session 37— Network simulation

Session 38 - Network simulation

Session 39 - Network simulation ' • -

3.3 Translation and Docking Training

This training will be conducted on the translation and docking

trainer at MSC. The Gemini translation and docking training is designed
to provide the crew members with a familiarization with spacecraft con-
trol and docking using all control modes, a wide, variety of initial con-
ditions, and various control system failures.

The training will consist of two sessions of approximately 2 hours

each. The first exercise is informal and allows the pilot to become
familiar with the trainer and control characteristics. The second exer-
cise will consist of twelve runs of increasing difficulty, which will
terminate in docking. Various failures will be inserted during the
later runs. Completion of this training will supplement the GMS training
in maneuvering in the near vicinity of the target vehicle (in this case
the Rendezvous Evaluation Pod) under normal and contingency conditions.

3.U Gemini Crew Station Mockup

The Gemini crew station mockup, which duplicates the Gemini space-
craft internal crew ..station, geometry, will be. used-by the flight .crew to
establish cockpit stowage provisions, pressure suit and ejection seat •
interfaces, and use of special operational equipment. The.. advantages
afforded by this crew station are early availability and stowage flexi-
bility. The flight crew'will utilize this trainer as the" need arises.'
 3-7

3-5 Briefings and Meetings

The three') major.-areas of briefings (excluding those briefings and ' '
reviews in' conjunction with training-'exercises') are the flight plan • -•' -
reviews, briefings on spacecraft systems, and flight experiments brief- •
ings.

3.-5V1 • .Flight--plan reviews.- -The flight'plan will be reviewed

approximately once "a month until F--30" days'-.'< •• Subsequent to F--30 days
they will be held on -ah "as- required1-'" basis.: • -: -:' •'

-.-'- 3.-5-:2- Systems- briefing.- The-flight--'crew will-receive a 2 to 3

day'series of briefings covering each" of the. major spacecraft systems,
one'at the beginning of the preflight training -period and'a second
series of -briefing's approximately-30 days-prior to the scheduled launch
date. These briefings will be given at St. Louis "and Cape Kennedy
utilizing'.primarily the engineers involved 'in.--spacecraft testing.-' Each
system will be- discussed1in detail with emphasis on operational tech-
niques and functional-interrelationships. • •'-'- . . .- .

• A -third' series of :systems- briefings, covering primarily recent

modifications to'the'-: spacecraft and the alte'red operational techniques
involved, will be conducted approximately 1O days prior to the .scheduled
launch date. This series of briefings will require a 1 to 2 day time
period.

3.5.3 Flight experiments.- The experiments scheduled for this

mission will be ^reviewed in 'general with the flight.crew'• at -the begin-
ning of the-, specific mission training .period-and-again in detail during
a 2 to 3 day period- no .'liter than h weeks prior to flight. These brief-
ings will':be given by the experimenter and Flight Experiments Section
personnel emphasizing objectives,-pi-lot procedures,, arid post'flight
analysis. - Experiments'will be reviewed briefly approximately -15 days
prior to flight to cover latest status and modification to equipment
and procedures. The Crew Station Mockup will be utilized early in the
training program to-develop operational real-time line1 data on 'the
experiments and to achieve proficiency in the: use 'and manipulation of. • ' - .
the experimental equipment. The Gemini Mission Simulator, and the
Translation and Docking Trainer will also be utilized for this purpose
but on a more limited scale and much later in the specific mission • ' .
training program.

3.6 Celestial Training

The crew members will further increase their capability to orient

and control the spacecraft by the use of celestial information, as well
3-8

as make various astronomical observations, through the use of the

Morehead Planetarium, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and the Gemini Mission
Simulator and Gemini Part Task Trainer, incorporating the out-the-window .
optical:display. . . . - - . , . '

3-6.1 Planetarium reviews.- The flight crews will utilize the

Morehead Planetarium for general celestial reviews and orientation.
The crew will complete two sessions during each of thre'e or four visits.
The activities included in these reviews are as follows:

Sess.ion 1 - Review of entire celestial sphere which includes recog-

nition of relative magnitudes, positions, distances-and celestial coordi-.
nates of-prominent stars, and constellations. Table ^-11 contains .a list .
of the prominent stars and constellations that will be reviewed.

Session 2 .*• This, session is .the same as Session 1 with more empha-
sis on reviewing stars and.constellations near the. orbital plane. The
flight crew will observe and identify constellations and star, patterns
as they drift across the window using the Gemini Flight Plan and star
charts for reference'. .Red .lighting, such as the suit finger tip lights,
will be utilized.. The .orbital conditions and the window viewing limits
for both pilots, will be simulated. . . . . . .

3.7 Centrifuge Training

The flight crew, will review selected Gemini 'acceleration profiles at

the Aviation Medical Acceleration Laboratory, Naval Air Development
Center,. Johnsville, Pennsylvania. The fixture will simulate the command
pilot crew station.. Flight crews will be "shirtsleeve", during all runs.
Each crew .member will complete four profiles, two of which will be' nor-
mal runs. No control task will be simulated. The run outline, is as
follows: . . . . . . ' . , .

1. Normal launch with., a normal modulated lift reentry. . The time .

interval between retrofire .and.reentry will be reduced. (2 runs)

.2. Abort immediately after, staging with the associated half lift
reentry. : . ' . . . . . .

3. Abort just prior to insertion with the associated half lift

reentry.
 3-9

3.8 Egress and Recovery Training

The flight crew will complete a Gemini egress and recovery operation
utilizing Boilerplate no. 201 and Spacecraft Static Article no. 5; if
available. .A brief outline of the program is as follows:

.."'" Phase 1 - A briefing and'short film will be given on the results of

the qualification test program'. This-will provide the crews with infor-
mation on spacecraft sink rates, flotation characteristics, and the
results of the previous crew training exercises. This will be followed
by a briefing summarizing the egress training to be conducted and review
of survival and related equipment usage. Upon completion of the brief-
ings, each crew will-make- one or more urisuited- -surface egress "and one or
more unsuited underwater egress from the Boilerplate no. 201 in the
Ellington AFB spacecraft flotation tank. " ' ' . ' ' ' " ; • _

Phas6 2 - A recovery operation will be- conducted in Galveston Bay

or'"the Gulf' 6f Mexico utilizing the spacecraft handling ship "Retriever"
"and Spacecraft 'Static Article no. 5 or Boilerplate no. 201. During this
exercise the spacecraft flotation characteristics on open water, possible
flooding effects, surface egress and survival" equipment will be demon-
strated and practiced. Each crew team will make two suited egresses from
the egress trainer which will include deployment and use'of the survival
pack equipment.

3.9 Launch Vehicle Monitoring and Abort'Training

In addition to the mission simulator, the Dynamic Crew Procedures

Simulator (DCPS) and the Ling-Temco Vought moving base simulator will
be utilized .for" launch vehicle monitoring and abort training. The pro-
gram includes eight different groups of runs as listed below and where
possible, have'been patterned after actual Titan launches.

Group I Normal launches with minor deviations due to winds,

transients, high or low booster thrust, etc.

Group II Engine/Propulsion'failures •

'Group'III ' Staging/sequential ••failures . : • . . '

:
Group IV ' Tank pressurization failures .

Group V . .Controls/hydraulics failures

" Group VI "' Instrument failures' •'

3-10

Group VII Electrical/ordnance failures

Group VIII - Selected double failures . . ' ' . ._

Many of these runs do not require abort action but do involved

launch vehicle discrepancies. Each crew member will be given a minimum
of 100. runs plus reruns of any case (s.) he would like to have repeated^

. ... ., . 3.10. Other Training Activities ...

-3.10.1 GT-3 and GT-U launch operations and postflight debriefing.-

The flight ;crew will participate in the first two.manned Gemini launch '"
operations and the postflight debriefing and analysis. ' ' ,' ' '

3-10-2 Zero g Training.- In preparation for extravehicular activi-

ties the crews will practice the. following prb.cedures during a minimum
of two flights (30 parabolas or more per flight) on the KC-135 aircraft:

.1. Detachment,, stowage, and attachment of restraint system.

. 2. Handling of ECS extension hoses and tether. '

3- Attachment and removal of secondary visor and thermal gloves.

U. Opening-and closing hatch.

5- .Standing in seat, egress and,ingress.

.3.10.3 Aircraft flying.- Space.flight readiness will be maintained

throughout-their-training. To the extent possible,^travel in support
of engineering and training activities will be .via NASA aircraft.. This
will expedite and permit greater flexibility in traveling as well as
maintain the; crew.members' flying skills.

3.10.^4- Academics.- The flight crew will attend classroom lectures

and geology field trips on a time-available basis..

3.10.5 Contractor visitation.- In addition to spacecraft systems

tests, the flight crew will spend a considerable amount of time' in
support of engineering operations and participation in the various
engineering evaluations at contractor facilities.

3.10.6 Parachute review.- The flight crew will accomplish a para-

jump review consisting of a parachute landing fall, procedures and canopy
manipulation techniques briefing, followed by two parachute landings per
crew member with full gear over water.
u.o
Page Intentionally Left Blank
 'TABLE U-I.X THIRD 'MANNED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW

MISSION SIMULATOR-TRAINING OUTLINE

Session

1 Spacecraft Attitude and Maneuver Control

2 Flight: Plan Review (suited) ..-• . . :

3 Flight Plan Review/. •= '.- '.••.-• -...-.

h Flight Plan Review (suited) .- . • _'

5 Flight Plan Review-.- . • • • ":

6 Electrical. Sequential-Failures . ...

7 Electrical Power and Communications Failures

8 Attitude Control and Maneuver Electronics

(ACME) Failures

9 Orbital Attitude and Maneuver System (OAMS)

and Reentry Control System (RCS) Failures

10 ACME, OAMS and RCS Combined Failures

11 ;ACME, OAMS-and RCS Combined Failures .

12 Navigation and Control Failures

13 Environmental Control System (ECS)

Failures (suited)

lU OPEN

15 Normal Mission . ,,-....-,-:rr;>•'"<!;• •-"-

16 Normal Mission
.»-
'-?.'.. , ' •

17 Launch Aborts

18 Normal Mission •

19 Launch Aborts
k-k
TABLE U-i;.- THIRD MANNED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW MISSION

SIMULATOR TRAINING OUTLINE. - Concluded

Session

20 Normal Mission with Random Failures (suited)

21 Normal Mission with Random Failures (suited)

22 Normal Mission with Random Failures (suited)

23 Launch Aborts

2k Normal Mission with Random Failures

. 25 . Normal Mission with Random Failures . .

26 'Normal Mission with Random Failures . •

2? Retrofire and Reentry with Random Failures

28 Launch Aborts
29 "Retrofire and Reentry with Random Failures

3 0 OPEN . . . . • '

31 Normal Mission with Random • Failures (suited)

32 Normal Mission with Random Failures (suited)

33 Launch Aborts •.. • .

3k Launch Simulation (F-9)

35 Launch Simulation (F-7)

36 Network Simulation (F-6)

37 Network Simulation (F-5)

38 Network Simulation (F-*0

39 Network Simulation (F-2)

kd OPEN
 TABLE U-II.- MAJOR STARS AND CONSTELLATIONS TO BE REVIEWED

BY THE FLIGHT CREW AT THE PLANETARIUM

Star Special name Mag. R.A. "Dec.

1. • Alpha Canis Majoris Sirius . -1.58 6h U3m -16°.6
2. Alpha Carinae Canopus -0.86 6h 23m -52° 7
3. Alpha Centauri Rigil Kentaurus 0.06 llth 36m -60°.6
•'(. Alpha Lyrae Vega 0.14. l8h 35m +38°.7
r
;. ' Alpha Aurigae Capella 0.21 5h 13m ^5°.9
6. Alpha-Bootis Arcturus 0.2U Ita 13m +i
?o*
7. Beta Orionis Rigel • . 0.31* 5h 12m
S. Alpha Canis Minor!s Procyon O.U8 . 7h 37m
9. Alpha Eridani Achernar 0.60 Ih 36m -57". 5
10. Alpha Aquilae' Altair 0.89 19h 48m + 8°.7
11. Alpha Orionis Betelgeuse 0.92 (var) 5h 52m +
7°U
12. Alpha- Tauri Aldebaran 1.06 1th 33m +16°. it
13- Beta Geminorum Pollux 1.21 7h k2m +28°.2
lU. Alpha Virginia Spica ' 1.21 • 13h 23m -10°.9
15. Alpha Scorpii Antares . 1.22 l6h 26m -26°.3
16. Alpha Piscus Austrini Formulhaut 1.29 22h 55m
17. Alpha Cygni . Deneb 1.33 20h ItOm
18. Alpha Leonis Regulus 1.3U lOh 06m
19. Alpha Geminorum Castro 1.58 7h 31m +32°.0
20. Epsilon Canis Majoris Adhara 1.63 6h 57m -28°.9
21. Gaircaa Orionis Bellatrix 1.70 5h 22m + 6°.3
22. Beta Tauri El Nath 1.78 5h 23m +28°.6
23. Alpha Persei Marfak or Mirfak 1.90 3h 21jn +it9°.7
2k. Eta Ursae Majoris Alkaid or 1.91 13h U6m
Benetnasch
25. Alpha Ursae Majoris Dubhe 1.95 llh Olm +62°0
26. Alpha Ursae Minoris Polaris 2.12 Ih k&a +89 .0
27. Beta Persei Algol 2.2 (var) 3h 05m
28. Kappa Orionis Saiph 2.20 5h U5m.
29. Beta Leonis Denebola 2.23 llh 'U6m -1^.9
30. Beta Ceti Deneb Kaitos 2.2*t Oh-ltlm -18°.3
31. Zeta Ursae Majoris Mizar 2.1lO 13h 22m

Constellations

Andromeda Delphinus Pegasus

Aquarius Gemini Pisces
Aquila Hydra Sagittarius
Aries Leo Scorpius
Cancer Libra Tauras
Canis Major Lyra. Ursa Minor
Canis Minor Ophiuchus Ursa Major
Capricornus Orion Virgo
Cassiopeia
Page Intentionally Left Blank
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 WEEKS TO GT-5 LAUNCH DATE

24 23 22 21 20 '19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 '8 7' -6 54 3 2 I 1

FIGURE 5-2 CREW PARTICIPATION Itf SPACECRAFT TEST SCHEDULE

 5-5

i TO GT-5 LiOHCH DATE

24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 76 5 43 21

LAUNCH ABORT TRAINIHO

TRANSLATION AND DOCKING

UJJUI 1JL t 1 U 1 U U I I

FIGUSE 5 - 3 ,. CREW TBUNIHG ACTTVITIES SCHEDULE (OTHER THAN SPACECRAFT TESTS)