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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Predisposing Factors: Precipitating Factors:


Children ages 4 and under No smoke alarms and fire exit
Male child>female child Chemical products especially
Older adults methamphetamine
Black children and adolescent Careless cooking
Improper handling of cigarette lighters,
matches, stoves, and candles
Electrical sources or lightning
Extensive exposure to sunlight and other

Heat/chemical contacts with


the body’s surface
Heat may be transferred through

Conductio Electromagnetic
n reaction

Fluid Lasts for 36-48 hrs Fluid-remobilization Convalescent


accumulation after burn injury Diuresis
Fluid replacement priority phase phase
Fluid shift from
phasevascular stage
compartment to Ionization of rather than nutritional
Cause the release
Subsequent
Hypermetabolic
needs during emergent
interstitial
Proteinspace
Coagulatio Drop in pH shift
of acids level
Tissuecellular phasemetabolic
needs
Third-space
Starts about 48
hours after initial
burn

Fluid shifted back to Begins after first two


vascular compartment phases have been
resolved

Healing or
reconstruction of burn
Edema at burn site
wound
decreases
Blood flow to the
kidneys increase

Increase urine
Causes

Edem output
a
Sodium is Potassium either
moved back into cells
lost or lost through urine

Hyperkalemi Hyponatremi Hypernatremi Hypocalcem


a a a ia
Possible further fluids
Alters the vessel Decreased urine
Diminished kidney Causes kidney to retain Major fluid shiftsand electrolytes
Production and release
permeability
Damage to perfusion
output
Edematous sodium and water
Circumferential
Edema of neck or Aldosteron Hypervolemi Hyponatremi
now resolved imbalance
Inadequateexists
dietary
Restrict
Shortness of of stress hormones Anti-diuretic
Hypokalemi
burns
chest a a

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