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Chapter 28 - Protists
Unicellular eukaryotes - protists
Chapter 28 - Protists 1
Kinetoplastids - single large mitochondrion w/organized mass of DNA
called kinetoplast
Free living and parasitic
Euglenids - pocket at one end of cell where one or two flagella emerge
paramylon (glucose polymer that acts as a storage molecule)
Autotrophic but can become heterotrophic should there be no light (or
become phagocytes)
Alveolata - another clade w/membrane bound sacs under plasma membrane
(function unknown)
Three groups, flagellates, parasite and portists that move with cilia
Dinoflagellates - abundant in phytoplankton
Shape reinforced by internal plates of cellulose
Two flagella located at perpendicular grooves make them spin
Blooms can become toxic
Bioluminescent - ATP driven chemical reaction
Apicomplexans - parasites that spread through host with tiny infectious
cells called sporozoites
One end of the sporozoites has a complex of organelles that penetrates
host cells/tissues
Chapter 28 - Protists 2
Stramenopila - several groups of heterotrophs and some algae
Flagellum with numerous small hairlike projections
Diploid condition
No plastids or photosynthesis, nutrients through decomposers or parasites
Stipe - stemlike
Blades - leaflike
Chapter 28 - Protists 3
Diploid - sporophyte bc it creates zoospores which develop into haploid
male and female gametophytes → gametes
Two gametes →new sporophyte
Extends one of these, anchors the tip and cytoplasm streams there
Not monophyletic
Foraminiferans - porous shells called tests
Radiolarians - protists where the tests are fused into a delicate piece made of
silica
Pseudopodia - axopodia radiates from central body and reinfored with
microtubule bundles covered by cytoplasm which surrounds smaller
microorganisms attached to the axopodia
If its too dry/no food, plasmodium stops growing and become spores
Mostly diploids
Chapter 28 - Protists 4
Cellular - When food is depleted, cells form a big thing (haploid organisms),
no flagellated, fruiting bodies that are made asexually
Pigments absorb blue and green light which goes further into the water
Chapter 28 - Protists 5