Global Crises – African Challenges

Report of the 13th International Business Forum 2009 at

the 2nd African Regional Interdisciplinary Alumni Conference

4 to 6 November 2009, Accra, Ghana

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CFIBMG
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On behalf on
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Global Crises – African Challenges
Report of the 13th International Business Forum 2009 at
the 2nd African Regional Interdisciplinary Alumni Conference

4 to 6 November 2009, Accra, Ghana

3
Contents
Preface 7

1. Forum Topics 8
Global Crisis – African Challenges 8

1.1 The Economic Crisis and Implications for Africa 9

The Challenges 9
The Opportunities 9

1.2 Business Reponses to the Economic Crisis 11

Core Business 11
Policy Advocacy 12

1.3 Government Reponses to the Economic Crisis 13

Policy Context 13
Private Sector Partnerships 14

1.4 The Climate Change Crisis and Implications for Africa 15

The Impact of Climate Change 15
The Need for Low-Carbon Growth 15

1.5 Business Reponses to the Climate Change Crisis 16

Business Opportunities 16
Managing Footprint 17
Disclosure 17
Advocacy 17

1.6 Government Reponses to the Climate Change Crisis 18

COP15 18
Mitigation and Adaptation 18
Building “Climate Smart Economies” 19

2 Forum Results 20

2.1 Results from the Working Groups 20

Working Group 1:
Economic Empowerment of Women 21
Working Group 2:
Local Stakeholder’s Response to Regional Economic Development 22
Working Group 3:
Economic Statistics 23
Working Group 4:
Visions for Economic Progress in Southern Africa 24
Working Group 5:
Capacity Building for E-Learning – The African Experience 25

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 Working Group 6:
The Impact of the Global Economic Crisis on Fragile Situations in
Sub-Saharan Africa 26
Working Group 7:
Capacity Building for Financial Management in Education 28
Working Group 8:
Rural Development and Use of Natural Resources 30
Working Group 9:
Productive Use of Renewable Energies as Contribution to Integrated
Climate Friendly Rural Development – A Market-Oriented Approach 31

2.2 Results from the E-Discussion 32

Business Responses to the Economic Crisis 32
Government and Donor Responses to the Economic Crisis 33
Business Responses to Climate Change 34

2.3 Key Recommendations of the Conference 35

10 Recommendations of the 13th International Business Forum at the
2nd African Alumni Conference 35

3. Reflections on Global Crises – African Challenges 36

3.1 Perspectives of InWEnt’s Regional Alumni-Work 36

3.2 Outline for the Future of International Business Forum 37

4. Organisation and Acknowledgement 38

About the Organisers 38
Agenda 39
Annex 1: Alumni-Conference –
Working Groups/International Business Forum 2009 44
Annex 2: The Participants 46

Bibliography 56

Endnotes 58

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Preface
Dear participant of the 13th International Business Forum (IBF) and
the 2nd African Interdisciplinary Alumni Conference,
n ”Global crises – African Challenges: Business in Africa against
the backdrop of the crises” was the topic of the 13th International
Business Forum and the 2nd African Alumni Conference organ-
ised by InWEnt – Capacity Building International and the World
Bank Institute. In 2009, the two successful series of conferences
were combined to create an interdisciplinary dialogue forum for
participants of the International Business Forum and InWEnt
Alumni with the aim to improve the networking of African spe-
cialists and executives.
The conference brought together over 220 participants of the
private sector, governments, civil society and multilateral agencies
worldwide to debate on the risks and opportunities arising from
the current economic and climate crises in Africa and the role of
business facing these challenges. Benefiting from the results of
the first Regional Alumni Conference in 2007 as an interdiscipli-
nary dialogue platform and building upon the outcomes of the 11th
International Business Forum “The Business Challenge Africa”,
the participants discussed and disseminated innovative approaches
on how to preserve and expand the foundations of Good Govern-
ance and recent growth in Africa.
In the discussion around the impacts of both, climate change
and the economic crises, the participants underlined the need for
a better integration of Africa into the global economy and for the
recognition of the impact of climate change. Furthermore, the par-
ticipants argued for greater collaboration and knowledge exchange
between governments, businesses and donors to develop common
strategies and solutions.
Luiz Ramalho Annette Rathjen
Director, Sustainable Business Development Director, Planning and Monitoring
in Industrialised and Transition Countries InWEnt – Capacity Building International,
InWEnt – Capacity Building International, Germany
Germany
Through a series of interactive working groups and plenary
sessions, participants set out their perspectives and priorities
for action. Notably among these was the clear message that busi-
nesses, both African and international, can play an important role
in coping with the crises and in promoting sustainable develop-
ment. Businesses can do well by doing good business. The full set
of recommendations of the working groups, the plenary sessions
and the E-discussions is presented in Section 2.
This report also connects the background analysis on the
issues with a selection of viewpoints expressed in the plenary and
working group sessions.
The success of the 2nd Interdisciplinary African Alumni Con-
ference and the 13th International Business Forum reflected the
enthusiastic involvement of participants, the insights of the ple-
nary and working group speakers and the commitment of our
partners.
The report concludes with a look towards the 14th Interna-
tional Business Forum and an outline of InWEnt’s Alumni-Work,
which will have a particular focus on building regional networks
and strengthening dialogue between representatives of the pub-
lic sector, private enterprise and civil society. The Third Regional
Alumni Conference is scheduled for 2011 in South Africa.
Djordjija Petkoski
Program Leader,
World Bank Institute,
United States of America
7
1. Forum Topics
Global Crises – African Challenges

“Some may argue that the global financial crisis and economic downturn means that we should delay
our efforts to tackle poverty and climate change. But delaying on poverty would condemn millions
of people to many more years of hardship. And delaying on climate change would mean the stock of
Green House Gases in the atmosphere grows, making the task of dealing with the problem more
costly and difficult in the future.” Lord Stern of Brentford, IG Patel Professor of Economics and Government
and Chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate and the Environment, LSE 1

Plenary Viewpoint
“From my point of view it is not only
possible, but highly desirable to deal with
climate change and the consequences of
the economic crisis simultaneously by
strengthening business engagement for
sustainable development. Education and a
strong private sector are crucial pre-con-
ditions to generate sustainable growth
and to combat poverty. Sustainability and
economic success are no contradiction,
even more sustainable business models,
like investing in renewables, are key to
enhanced competitiveness”.

Bernd Schleich
Managing Director, InWEnt

n The 13th International Business Forum (IBF), took place from 4

to 6 November 2009 in Ghana in conjunction with InWEnt’s 2nd
Regional Alumni-Conference, and focused on the implications
of and responses to the economic and climate change crises fac-
ing Africa.

The conference, organized by InWEnt with the support of the

World Bank Institute, explored the central role that business can
and must play in helping Africa through the crises: from laying
the foundations of long term growth to driving the innovation
needed to ensure future growth is more green-house-gas efficient
than in the past.

8
1.1 The Economic Crisis and Implications for Africa
“Despite a decade of growth, Africa is still far behind other continents in the quest for the Millen-
nium Development Goals. The current global economic crisis, coming in the wake of a food and fuel
crisis, will further slow down Africa’s progress.” Obiageli Ezekwesili, Vice President of the Africa Region,
World Bank 2

“As a consequence of the global economic down turn, African leaders face many difficult challenges
and tough policy choices. How should Africa respond to the economic crisis and what are the lessons
and opportunities we should pay attention to over the coming months? I am confident that Africa can
rise to the challenge if we act collectively and if we accelerate our ongoing reform efforts aimed at
greater competitiveness and economic diversity.” Nicky Oppenheimer, Chairman, De Beers Group 3

The Challenges Plenary Viewpoint

n Africa faces its most severe economic crisis in history. While
the region was spared the immediate effects of the financial crisis
precipitated by the collapse of Western banks, the economic cri-
sis that followed has hit hard. Growth forecasts have been down-
graded and businesses are being squeezed by falling demand at
home and abroad, as well as a drop off in the availability of afford-
able finance.
Governments have to grapple with politically complex issues of
soaring unemployment and poverty, and the temptation to increase
trade barriers to protect their domestic economies. Drought across
the region has aggravated an already difficult situation.
Back in April 2009, the World Bank was warning that the eco-
nomic crises could push an additional 53 million people around the
world into extreme poverty, with Africa particularly at risk 4.
The Opportunities
Fortunately, the picture is not quite as dark as the doom mon-
gers would have us believe. Amidst the very real economic and
human pain of the downturn, lie a number of remarkable oppor-
tunities that – if harnessed – would enable Africa to emerge even
stronger.
“...As a whole Africa has fared well
compared to other regions during this
crisis, we still have growth in Africa,
every OECD country currently has zero
growth. However, Africa is going to be
much more affected, much more
sensitive to the decline in growth than
other countries. Even though there is
resilience, and the opportunities for the
countries to come back, the severity of the
problem, and the sensitivity of poor
countries to the problem will affect those
fragile states more than other places
around the globe”.
Hassan Y. Aly
Chief Research Economist,
African Development Bank

For one thing, there is nothing like a crisis to stimulate inno-

vation and change. While donor countries have repeatedly restated
their commitment to increasing aid levels, an already patchy track
record of implementing past commitments appears even more
at risk. The possibility that aid may be under threat has thrown
into sharp relief the fact that aid is not, in any case, the long-term
solution.

9
 Countries are recognising the need to stimulate private enter-
prise. Fundamentally, it is only a thriving domestic and interna-
tional private sector that generates the growth and jobs needed.
What aid remains must be more precisely targeted to unleash Afri-
ca’s entrepreneurial potential and enable poor people to grow their
businesses or get a job.
African leaders appear to be also looking within their own
continent for the drivers of economic growth. Regional trade has
always been shockingly low compared to other regions. Infrastruc-
ture projects and regional co-operation are being pursued with
renewed enthusiasm. Alongside this, national governments are
pursuing agendas of economic diversification, critical for most
countries which have tended to rely on a narrow band of economic
activity. More generally, financial pressure will reinforce the drive
for value for money in public spending.
For businesses too there are opportunities for innovation. More
than ever, the business case for projects is paramount, suggesting
that on average projects that get through will be better as a result.
This extends to initiatives that have a strong development impact:
those with the strongest business case – such as local sourcing
models – are more likely be approved, and these on average are
more likely to be sustainable in the long term.
10
Plenary Viewpoint
“Africa is on a path of sound, sustainable
economic development, there’s a new
vision for Africa, that vision says that
Africa’s time has come. In 2008, The
Economist forecasted the 10 fastest
growing economies, and seven out of the
10 fastest growing economies in the
world come from Africa. For example
Angola will grow in excess of 16%. It is
rich in resources, if you take Africa as one
continent, Africa will be the 9th largest
economy in the World…Africa needs to
trade internally, its market is 1 billion
people and it is profitable to do business
with the poor, the market for doing
business with the poor is in excess of
US$1 trillion, so the population (of
Africa) gives us opportunity and the
young population increases that opportu-
nity. Intra-Africa trade is a mere 7% and
this is an important element in terms of
economic opportunity.”
Stanley Subramoney
Deputy CEO PricewaterhouseCoopers
and Member of the supervisory board
of the NEPAD Business Foundation
1.2 Business Responses to the Economic Crisis
n There has been a growing recognition of the role of business –
from large multinationals to smallholder farmers – in generating
growth and poverty reduction. A survey of 60,000 poor people by
the World Bank earlier in 2009 clearly demonstrated the priority
placed on enterprise growth and employment as an exit strategy
from poverty 5. Razia Khan, Africa Regional Head of Research at
Standard Chartered Bank, notes that in the context of the economic
crisis “many in the labour force are opening their own businesses
just to get by 6”.
For larger businesses, the primary contribution they can make
is by generating jobs, economic opportunities and tax revenues
needed to fund public spending on health and education. In short,
they can make perhaps their greatest contribution by focusing on
doing good business.
Beyond that, business can play an important role in advocat-
ing for the policies needed to stimulate growth and enterprise,
and those that enable people to take advantage of the opportuni-
ties that growth creates.
Core Business
A joint Oxfam-Unilever report back in 2005 7 noted that Unilever
Indonesia maintained its presence in Indonesia throughout the
country’s economic crisis. The development community recog-
nises that that decision was perhaps one of the most significant
contributions Unilever could have made to the country’s recovery.
So too in Africa now. Businesses must focus on the long term
investment opportunities that Africa presents. Economic and polit-
ical reforms have propelled many countries in Africa into some of
the best places to invest in the world. In the 2010 Doing Business
Report, Rwanda is singled out as the top reforming country in the
world, in terms of the ease and cost of doing business 8. Mauritius
remains one of the best places, globally, to do business.
For those who innovate, there are significant opportunities
for commercial rewards that also have a positive development
impact. Local sourcing of inputs, for example, offers new eco-
nomic opportunities for small businesses, while creating a stable
supply chain.
The InWEnt project “Train for Trade” aims at strengthening
the private industry and its constitutional bodies in the SADC
region through capacity building and training, supporting them
to benefit from opening markets and liberised trade. Through spe-
cific further education and training measures within the compo-
nents comprising
––Export promotion and Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs)
––Quality for the world market
––Intellectual Property: harnessing the knowledge commons for
open innovation
––Innovative local/regional economic development and trade
promotion (RED TRADE),
Processes of regional economic integration should be sup-
ported and an “enabling environment” for SMEs be ensured so
that SMEs can make use of the opportunities offered by a contin-
uosly globalising market 9.
SABMiller has been among companies pioneering the local
sourcing of sorghum, barley and cassava. A report by INSEAD on
their impact in Uganda, found that their sorghum project alone
provides 8,000 farmers with approximately 70 per cent of their
income 10.
11
 Coca-Cola, meanwhile, has been developing inclusive distri-
bution models. Across Africa, there are now 2,500 “manual dis-
tribution centres” employing 12,000 people and generating $500
million dollars in revenue each year 11.

Firms that innovate to reduce cost and increase value for cus-
tomers will be winners in the downturn. Mobile phones provide
a clear example of this. A number of companies, such as Bankom
in Uganda, have begun to explore the use of mobile phones and
other innovative platforms to bring banking services to millions
of people. The rise in so-called branchless banking is set to trans-
form the way people access and manage their money.

In May 2008, the UK Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, and

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon launched the Business Call
to Action 12 as a platform to encourage companies to use their core
business to generate transformative change in developing coun-
tries.

Policy Advocacy
Aside from thinking creatively about how they can do business,
the other key contribution that businesses can make is to engage
governments on policy. Of particular importance is the need for
investment climates that support private sector-led growth.

The Investment Climate Facility (ICF) 13 is one example of

business engaging constructively with governments and donors
to deliver a better investment climate in Africa, with commit-
ments totalling $175 million from donors and companies. ICF
CEO, Omari Issa, points out that “The good news may be that
the private sector can give so much more than money in order to
improve Africa’s investment climate. But the even better news is
that the rewards, for those governments and businesses that get
involved now, will be profound” 14.

Another focus area for business is regional trade and integra-

tion and the infrastructure needed to underpin it. This of course
has large benefits to business, but also significant development
benefits. Trade is perhaps the policy area that is most immediately
under threat in the downturn, with governments under significant
pressure – both across Africa, as well as around the world – to pro-
tect their domestic economies. Business can play an important role
in making the case for an open, rules-based trading system. Larger
companies must make a coordinated effort to take this message to
the international community.

12
1.3 Government Responses to the Economic Crisis
“Africa needs to use the crisis as an opportunity to speed up necessary structural reforms such as
larger regional markets. It needs to involve business leaders more strategically in this if it is going to
deliver the conditions for business to thrive”. Lord Malloch-Brown, the Minister for Africa, Asia and the
UN, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK 15

“The state clearly has an important role in tackling the downturn, but a move away from market-led
approaches and towards policies such as protection and renationalisation – in the developed or the
developing world – could have long term repercussions for growth and development, distorting
incentives and worsening the already poor investment climate for business. Although markets are
frequently seen – rightly or wrongly – as the cause of the world’s current woes, they are also clearly
a big part of the solution. Efforts to tackle the downturn should not undermine the resurgence of
private sector-led development, and the jobs and incomes it generates, which is so urgently needed.”
Alison Evans, Director, Overseas Development Institute (ODI) and Karen Ellis, Business & Development Pro-
gramme Leader, ODI 16

Policy Context Plenary Viewpoint

n Research by the Overseas Development Institute shows that
there is no general pattern to the way in which governments
are responding to the economic crisis, with very different policy
response across countries.
The research notes that it is hard to separate ongoing policy
processes with economic crisis responses. Rwanda, mentioned
earlier, is in any case on a fast-track reform process to make its
business climate more supportive to domestic and international
businesses 17, and reforms have been part of a broader agenda of
boosting competitiveness.
An effective, business-friendly regulatory environment is
important in the downturn as it enables existing firms to remain
flexible and change direction, and helps new firms to enter the
market and weak firms to declare bankruptcy 18. At the same time,
competition policy is critical, not only to ensure effective and com-
petitive markets, but also to safeguard businesses from unfair poli-
cies that protect particular incumbents. The latest picture across
Africa is presented in the 2009/2010 Doing Business Report from
the World Bank and IFC
“At the height of the global economic
crisis most governments in Europe,
China, Japan and North America came
up with various stimulus packages to
help stimulate their economies in a very
coordinated manor. The central banks in
all those countries came out with
strategies to lower interest rates, this was
to enable the private sector to gain access
to different financial instruments. The
question is what happened in Africa? In
most Africa countries, there was no
action, it was just business as usual. In
many Africa countries instead of going
down the interest rates went up as banks
worked to tame inflation rather than
promoting growth”.
Stephen Antwi
President of Ghana-German
Economic Association

Alongside creating a conducive investment climate, govern-

ments must reprioritise infrastructure. Of particular importance is
the regional infrastructure needed to stimulate regional trade and
integration. As Sir Mark Moody-Stuart, former Chairman of Anglo
American, put it, “African countries can do a great deal more to
open up trade opportunities between themselves… the G8 should

13
 be active in one last attempt to deliver on the Doha ‘development’
round and...should also accelerate their commitments on Aid for
Trade – building Africa’s capacity to trade”. He believes that the
North-South Corridor programme 19, which recently received $1.2
billion in commitments, “provides a good model of a multidonor,
integrated Aid for Trade programme that tackles both soft and
hard infrastructure constraints and will reduce the cost of trade
in relevant regions” 20.

One area of infrastructure that has generated particular excite-

ment is information and communications technology (ICT). Again,
Rwanda has been a leader in creating a framework to attract invest-
ment in this area. Writing about the general opportunities ICT
presents, Gabriel Solomon, Senior Vice President, GSMA com-
ments that “When the MDGs were agreed in 2000, achieving a
blanket of connectivity across Africa was a dream only a few peo-
ple imagined could be realized. Since then, many African govern-
ments have liberalized their communications sectors catalyzing
some $50 billion of private investment to date with a further $40
billion pledged over the next 4 years. This level of investment has
extended connectivity to more than two thirds of the population
and the next wave of investment will increase this to over 90 per
cent and also start the roll out of mobile broadband” 21.

Private Sector Partnerships

Governments must also look again at how they can support small
enterprises, particular those constrained by lack of finance. For
many African countries, agribusiness still offers the best way to
generate improved livelihoods for poor people and achieve food
security. “In the longer-term”, say Arne Cartridge and Sean De
Cleene of Yara International, “Africa’s agricultural sector has the
potential to be the engine room of regional growth” 22.

There are significant opportunities for private sector innova-

tion in the crisis. There is a strong case for governments (and
donors) to share the risk associated with these investments. Often,
the commercial benefits need to be proven, but once up and run-
ning the projects can achieve significant development benefits at
scale. The Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund 23 is one example of
an initiative that shares the risk of for-profit initiatives that have
the potential to produce large benefits in rural markets and finan-
cial services.

14
1.4 The Climate Change Crisis and Implications for Africa
“A look into the future of climate change reveals disruptions that will take on Plenary Viewpoint
wartime proportions. Responses must therefore match the challenges. Declaring “...yes, we need growth, but we don’t need
a state of ecological emergency in vulnerable regions of Africa will focus local unsustainable growth, we need sustain-
and international attention on sustainable development in general and climate able low-carbon growth, we need a sus-
change in particular. The time to do it is now.” Calestous Juma, Professor, Harvard tainable financial sector, we need growth
Kennedy School, and co-author of the 2010 World Development Report 24 that creates social stability and social
cohesion... and we need development
“It is essential that climate change be viewed as a major development opportu- without unacceptable levels of environ-
nity for Africa given the anticipated increase in the energy requirements as mental, economic and social burdens for
growth accelerates... Agricultural carbon sequestration (uptake and storage of future generations. This is our task.”
carbon dioxide) could generate annual revenues of close to $1.5 billion.” Ngozi
Volker Hauff
Okonjo-Iweala, Managing Director, World Bank 25
Chairman, Council on
Sustainable Development of the
German Government, Germany
The Impact of Climate Change
n Africa, like other developing country regions, is more exposed
and less resilient to the impacts of climate change than the devel-
oped countries that are largely responsible for it. The 2010 World
Development Report identifies climate change as a threat to the
development gains made, and urges immediate action 26. The
Report states that agriculture – which accounts for the bulk of
employment – is particularly exposed to the expected increase in
climate variability to which new higher yielding seed varieties are
less resistant 27. It is estimated that by 2020, yields will fall by 50
per cent and crop revenues by 90 per cent, with smallholder farm-
ers bearing the brunt of this 28. The direct impact of food security is
clear 29. When combined with expected increased water stress and
increases in disease 30, the risk of conflict becomes high 31.

For larger businesses operating in Africa, the climate change

impacts are also likely to be severe, whether in terms of their physi-
cal assets, outputs, inputs or supply chain 32. According to the Stern
Report on the Economics of Climate Change 33, climate change
could costs 5 to 20 per cent of global GDP. In contrast, action to
reduce emissions would cost 1 per cent GDP per year.
While developed countries are the root cause of the problem,
developing countries, including those in Africa, must be part of
the solution. Historically, developed countries accounted for the
majority of emissions: 47 low income countries contribute only
around 8 per cent of global carbon emissions 34, but will face 75–80
per cent of the burden of climate damages 35.
The Need for Low-Carbon Growth
According to the UN Economic Commission for Africa, achieve-
ment of the Millennium Development Goals “will not happen
unless there is sustained economic growth at a minimum level
of 7 per cent per year – such growth will only come as a result of
private sector efforts” 36. With over half of the population in Sub-
Saharan Africa living in extreme poverty 37, sustaining and indeed
accelerating economic growth must therefore remain a priority.
Yet most past and current growth has been “high-carbon growth”.
Future growth must be less “Green-House-Gas intensive”. Accord-
ing the 2010 World Development Report, it is possible for Africa
to achieve this without compromising development.

15
1.5 Business Responses to the Climate Change Crisis
“A shift to a low-carbon economy, supported by private sector parti-cipation and government, has the potential
to drive next generation of technological innovation, address the environmental and economic challenges that climate
change presents and contribute to global development” Extract from “The Copenhagen Call” issued at the close of the World
Business Summit on Climate Change, 26 May 2009 38

n The business community has emerged as a key proponent of Biofuels also present important business opportunities. While
action on climate change. This is despite the fact that many vocally rising food prices have focused attention on the negative conse-
lobbied against action in the run-up to the ratification of Kyoto. The quences of using crops and land for producing fuel rather than
shift was driven by the compelling scientific evidence on climate food, there are crops that can be grown on land that is unsuitable
change, a better appreciation of the business opportunities and for food production 44. Significant biofuel projects in Africa are the
an understanding that the costs of inaction far exceed the costs sorghum production project by the UK’s CAMS Group in Tanzania
of acting quickly. and Germany’s FloraEcoPower’s purchase of 13,000 hectares in
Ethiopia for biofuel production 45.
Business Opportunities Plenary Viewpoint
The low-carbon growth strategy that Africa “In Nigeria there is a Sahara field that Recognising the particular challenges
will need to adopt opens up opportunities has the ultimate goal to export 6,000 faced by agriculture, a number of schemes
for innovation in energy efficiency and low- mega watts of energy to Europe by 2020, have been set up to encourage business
carbon technologies. Renewable energies, enough to power over 4 million homes investment in sustainable agriculture,
such as solar, hydro and wind, are receiv- – although the solar potential in Nigeria including the African Agriculture Fund,
ing more attention in the African context. is many times this – enough to power established by the African Development
Almost all African countries have suffi- the world four times over” Bank, the Agence Française de Dévelop-
cient renewable resources to satisfy their pement, the International Fund for Agri-
Issa Ouedraogo
energy demands if existing technologies cultural Development and the Alliance for
Managing Director, B-Bovid Ltd (Organic
were deployed. The private sector is increas- a Green Revolution in Africa 46. Sustainable
& Biodiversity), Vice-Board Chair of
ingly aware of the vast business opportuni- farming may harness methods to increase
Open Society Initiative for West Africa
ties involved 39. According to the UNFCCC, food production whilst delivering environ-
(OSIWA) & Board member of West
over 80 per cent of the investment for cli- mental benefits.
Africa Democratic Radio (WADR)
mate change mitigation and adaptation will
need to be privately financed, including in The carbon market has also created
the area of climate friendly technology 40. opportunities for business in Africa, under which developed coun-
tries support carbon reduction projects in Africa or elsewhere.
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Managing Director of the World Bank, There are an increasing number of financial instruments with
believes that Africa should tap its renewable resources (of which which to develop clean energy that can benefit countries across
it is currently only using 8 per cent), particularly hydropower, Africa. These include the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
to meet increasing energy demand and boost both growth and and the newly created Climate Investment Funds (approved by the
development 41. Africa’s first privately financed geo-thermal plant World Bank in 2008).
is under construction in Kenya. A programme of the World Bank
and UNEP is hoping to replicate this initiative in the Greater Rift However, CDM has failed to take root across Africa. The region
Valley 42. In 2008, the Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation signed only accounts for 1.4 percent of CDM projects worldwide (53 out
a $284 million agreement for the installation of 120 wind turbines. of 3,902 projects) 47, despite being similarly equipped with both
Uganda installed its first hydro plant and as the Africa Progress the resources and facilities compared to other developing regions
Panel reported “South Africa announced a feed-in-tariff that may where CDM projects have been successfully implemented with
propel the country to the forefront of renewables development on commercially available technologies. A study by the World Bank
the continent” 43. reveals that there is a large, diversified range of CDM opportunities

16

across Africa’s energy sector: for the 44 countries and 22 technolo-
gies considered, the study estimated the potential for more than
3,200 clean energy projects 48.
Managing Footprint
Progressive companies are measuring and acting to reduce their
environmental footprint. For example, SABMiller recently con-
ducted a water footprint analysis of its beer production in South
Africa in order to identify strategic areas for water conservation.
The results showed that 95-98 per cent of SABMiller’s water foot-
print lies within agricultural production. The research concluded
that only focusing on the amount used, rather than understand-
ing the actual impact of water within the local context, is one of
the major shortfalls in current water footprint methodologies 49.
Meanwhile, Coca-Cola has set an overarching target of becom-
ing “water neutral”. The Coca-Cola water stewardship framework
focuses on three components: reduce, recycle, and replenish. The
company is striving to have 100 per cent of facilities returning
the water used in manufacturing processes, back to the environ-
ment by 2010 50.
Ford has developed a “Blueprint for Sustainability”, a CO2
strategy aiming to reach a target of 30 per cent reduction in CO2
emissions by 2020. It is the first US auto firm to set such a target.
Ford will introduce a new generation of fuel-saving, turbo-charged
gasoline engines. Mid- and long-term plans include weight reduc-
tions and new fuel-saving programmes 51. Timberland has set the
overarching goal to become carbon neutral in 2010. Five steps are
outlined and focal areas identified in order to reach this goal. Since
2006, the company has reduced direct emissions by 27 per cent by
using less energy and expanding its use of renewable energy 52.
In 2003, InWEnt and Energiebau Solarsysteme formed a part-
nership to explore how new technology could be adapted to provide
electricity to rural areas in Africa remote from the public grip. A
solar hybrid system was developed and piloted in Ghana, Mali and
Tanzania, which couples solar power with a converted diesel gen-
erator for the use of jatropha oil. The project is an effective example
of a Public-Private-Partnership (PPP), funded by both InWEnt on
behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation
and Development and Energiebau Solarstromsysteme 53.
Disclosure
The demand from investors and other stakeholders for effective
reporting on the business implications of climate change contin-
ues to grow. Overall, corporate sustainability reports increasingly
include information about climate change. The Global Report Initi-
ative G3 Sustainability Reporting Guidelines has introduced a new
indicator; “Financial implications and other risks and opportuni-
ties for organisation’s activities due to climate change.” 54
Advocacy
Business can also play an important role in persuading govern-
ments to act. At the UN Leadership Forum on Climate Change,
22 September 2009, New York, business leaders were urged, as
part of a Seal the Deal! Campaign, to “help build positive momen-
tum toward the 2009 UN Climate Change Conference and raise
awareness about the importance of an ambitious global climate
agreement” 55.
Central to the business message is a call for governments to
put in place an effective global and national “post-Kyoto” legisla-
tive and fiscal framework that would stimulate a market-based
approach to tackling climate change, with a particular emphasis
on flexible mechanisms to create a stable price for carbon. A price
that reflects the true environmental impact is perhaps the most
powerful incentive for climate-friendly investment decisions. This
can be achieved through a tax (which fixes the price) or a so-called
“cap and trade” carbon market as used in Europe (which fixes the
quantity of total carbon a company can emit, and then allows the
carbon price to vary as companies buy and sell the right to emit).
17
1.6 Government Responses to the Climate Change Crisis
“Urgent action needs to be taken by the international community to reduce global emissions. Africa
is prepared to make a significant contribution to this effort. The Copenhagen agreement must
recognize Africa’s legitimate development needs” Statement from Africa Partnership Forum’s Special session
on Climate Change 56
n A broadly accepted target is that temperatures should be kept
to 2°C above pre-industrial levels, compared to 0.8°C now. The
UK Department for International Development argues that “to
achieve this, global emissions of greenhouse gases must start to
fall within the next decade and be at least 50 per cent below
1990 levels by 2050” 57.
COP15
The world’s governments came together from 7 to 18 December
2009 in Copenhagen. The task of the 15th Conference of Parties
(COP15) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) 58 was to create a new global protocol to address climate
change to succeed the Kyoto Protocol when it expires in 2012. On
the last day of the talks the “Copenhagen Accord” 59, drafted by the
US, China, India, Brazil and South Africa, was “taken note of”
(though not formally adopted) by the conference. It faced opposi-
tion from a number of countries.
The Copenhagen Accord recognizes the importance of climate
change and of keeping temperatures to below 2°C. It calls on coun-
tries to reduce emissions and invest in clean energy technology,
and also for funding to developing countries for forest conserva-
tion, adaptation, technology development and transfer, and capac-
ity building.
However, much to the disappointment of observers, it is not a
legally binding document and does not include any legally bind-
ing commitments. Countries were given until the end of January
to put forward their pledges for reducing GHG emissions. The
US Climate Change Network website includes the latest position
on countries’ pledges 60. There is concern that without any firm
and legally binding targets, action will not be sufficient to tackle
climate change.
18
Unless the world’s governments can agree to a replacement for
the Kyoto protocol, temperatures could rise by 5°C which would
have a transformative effect on the earth’s climate. Warming of
2°C could result in a 4 to 5 per cent permanent reduction in annual
per capita consumption in Africa, as opposed to minimal losses in
high-income countries 61. The Copenhagen Accord, significantly,
includes a recognition that a stronger long-term target of limiting
the average rise in temperature to 1.5°C may be required.
Mitigation and Adaptation
Donors must provide a step change in support for mitigation and
adaptation. Funding, particularly for adaptation, has been far below
what is needed. To keep global warming down to an increase of
2°C, the World Bank estimate that between $140 billion and $675
billion a year needs to be invested in mitigation in developing
countries, compared to the current $8 billion a year. Meanwhile,
the cost of adapting to global warming is estimated at $75 billion a
year, compared to the $1 billion a year currently being invested. 62
The Copenhagen Accord called for financing for developing
countries, including “approaching” $30 billion from developed
countries over 2010 to 2012, balanced between mitigation and
adaptation. Over the longer-term the Accord stated that developed
countries would “commit to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 bil-
lion dollars by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries”
from a mixture of public and private sources, and with a large share
going through the Copenhagen Green Climate Fund, established
by the Accord.
Building “Climate Smart Economies”
Calestous Juma, co-author of the 2010 World Development Report,
has identified a set of actions that governments need to take to
develop what he describes as “climate smart economies” 63. This
includes building the necessary infrastructure, technical educa-
tion, business incubation of enterprises that promote sustainabil-
ity and international diplomacy. On the last, he argues that Africa
must take a leadership role on climate-smart growth.

An area which would be of particular interest to business in

climate negotiations is how to improve the investment climate
for innovation and new technologies in developing countries.
The Hydropower in DRC, for example, is a power source with
“huge potential” 64, but is hampered by a poor investment climate.
Also important will be a continuation of discussions concerning
reduced tariff agreements for low-emission products 65.

Partnership will necessarily have to sit at the heart of effective

action. Governments will need to cooperate at the regional level
to support and boost agriculture, water management and health.
And governments will need to work with business to encourage
and share the risk around new business programmes that help
contribution to lower carbon growth paths, including in the area
of low carbon technologies and practices. As a statement issued
by UN Global Compact business leaders argues, this requires sig-
nificant public investment alongside and the appropriate regula-
tory and support frameworks 66.

19
2. Forum Results
2.1 Results from the Working Groups

n The participants had more detailed discussions within nine working groups. Below is
a summary of the outputs from each working group. The working groups were concerned
with different aspects of the key topic “Global Crises – African Challenges”. They gave
prominence to Africa as an increasingly important global player in questions of Global
Governance, raw materials, potential improvements in infrastructure, agricultural produc-
tion, economic diversification, statistics, and education for sustainable management.

20
Working Group 1:
Economic Empowerment of Women
A. Economic Empowerment of Women –
Introductory Session
B. Women Entrepreneurs: the Driving Force for Dynamic
Economies
C. Political Lobbying through Women Entrepreneurs
Networks and Engendered Statistics

Chair
Lydia Jebauer-Nirschl – Senior Project Manager,
InWEnt gGmbH
Heike Bürskens – Senior Project Manager,
InWEnt gGmbH

Outline
Today, most of the micro-finance institutions and governments
in Africa are aware of the importance of womens contribution
for economic progress and the overcoming of the economic cri-
sis. Nevertheless there are still many obstacles that women have
to overcome to become economically independent. In their role as
the driving forces of local economical development, women are
still confronted with many difficulties like hindered access to land
and micro-credits in the rural areas, exclusion of women from the
political sphere and devaforable socio-economic circumstances.
The working group identified three key issues to promote the eco-
nomic empowerment of women, especially in rural areas.
Results
Participants felt that:
Women needed better access to education and capacity
building and that
––strengthening the leadership qualities of women,
––improving the educational opportunities for girls and young
women, raising the awareness of parents and
––the alphabetization of women in rural areas are priorities
for action.
More women needed to become economically independent
and that therefore
––a public discussion about the role of the women should be
started and
––the awareness of men in rural areas has to be risen.

Women entrepreneurs needed a lobby and that

––raising the awareness of authorities concerning the interests
of women,
––strengthening the representation of women on all levels and
––building up new networks, to identifying strategies for lobby-
ing and using the media are priorities for action.

21
Working Group 2:
Local Stakeholder’s Response to
Regional Economic Development
A. Red Tape Reduction to meet Economic Challenges
B. Improvement of Infrastructure Services in African Cities
Through Optimal Use of Available Local Resources Results
C. Private Sector Approaches as Energizers for Public In the course of the sessions, the participants identified two main
Sector Management challenges:

Chair The duplication of duties that influence business develop-

Jeanette Funke – Head of Division, InWEnt gGmbH
Zini Godden – Consultant, Local Governance Program (LOCATI),
InWEnt gGmbH
Outline
Red Tape Reduction to Meet Economic Challenges
During the first module of the workshop participants discussed the
Red Tape approach which is supporting local stakeholders in the
reduction and avoidance of bureaucratic costs both for the public
and the private sector by facilitating a multi-stakeholder discus-
sion and a joint action process in a locality.
ment, silo thinking and action by departments and admin-
istrations also contribute to this duplication. There is thus
a lack of common understanding of the joint roles that all
stakeholders (government, business and civil society) have to
play in contributing to economic development and growth.
Thus, participants saw a need to
––ensure that all stakeholders understand their roles and respon-
sibilities in regional and local economic development and that
––these roles and responsibilities are synchronised so that they
compliment each other rather than duplicate similar action.
––In conclusion, ensure that these actions take into considera-
tion the imperative to be sustainable.

There is unfair competition in contract awards awarded to

Improvement of Infrastructure Services in African Cities
incompetent companies due to vested interest in tenders by
Through Optimal Use of Available Local Resources
government officials.
Basic urban infrastructure is a pre-requisite also for economic
Therefore, participants called for
development but resources for investments are scarce. Therefore,
––tenders for award of contract robust supply chains and a trans-
in the second part of the workshop, three African cities presented
parent procurement procedure by creating public awareness of
their experience on how the public sector can improve these serv-
procedure.
ices with the locally available resources in order to enhance local
––The development of specific procurement policies that ensures
economic development.
equity and
––the installation of adequate monitoring and evaluation proc-
Private Sector Approaches as Energizers for Public Sector
esses and sanctioning in case of non-compliance of the legal
Management
procedure.
The first two sessions led to a third part of the workshop in which
the participants discussed the question how business principles
can energize public management.

22
Working Group 3:
Economic Statistics
A. Monitoring Macroeconomic Performance with Statistical Indicators
B. Private Sector’s Demand for Economic Statistics – A User – Producer Dialogue
C. Measuring Economic Impact of Climate Change
Chair
Markus Wauschkuhn – Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH
Outline
Monitoring Macroeconomic Performance with Statistical
Indicators
Different economic indicators as GDP, unemployment or inflation
rate are requested by public and private institutions on district,
national and international level.
The session discussed the need for adequate, reliable and
timely macroeconomic indicators – and the challenges for the
different actors of the national and regional statistical system to
deliver the relevant indicators.
Private Sector’s Demand for Economic Statistics –
A User – Producer Dialogue
For years, official statistics in most countries produced economic
data mainly for users within the government, neglecting the inter-
est of several user groups – the general public, the media, research-
ers, policy makers – which are interested; in different uses e.g.
communication with the general public, analysis of the underly-
ing mechanisms and reasons for change. Using indicators (that
is: interpreting them) is an issue with many facets.
Measuring Economic Impact of Climate Change
The relevance of climate change for Sub-Saharan African coun-
tries is evident; however, measuring environmental data related to
climate change is still a relatively new topic for national actors on
the continent. The session discussed monitoring and forecasting
of climate change and its economic impacts and evidence-based
design of climate change oriented adaptation and mitigation poli-
cies and adequate pro-poor public policies.
Results
The participants discussed five key issues and defined priority
actions to deal with those challenges
The current legal framework for statistics is inadequate and
needs to be reviewed.
There is a lack of capacity.
Participants underlined that
––training, staffing, retention and resourcing is needed.
The user-producer fora are inadequate and the needs of the
users are not met.
Participants saw a need
––to increase and develop producer fora, to conduct data needs
assessments and to ask for feedback from the users. They
called for a strengthening of the collaboration between users
and producers by installing regular user-producer dialogues.
There is a lack of access to data and a poor data dissemi-
nation.
Therefore
––a data dissemination strategy needs to be developed.
The data demands concerning climate change are not met;
there is inadequate data and inadequate research.
Actions identified by the participants were
––to encourage funding and research and to mobilize resources
to address climate change issues.
––To build capacity on climate change issues among staff.
23
Working Group 4:
Visions for Economic Progress in Southern Africa
A. Visions for Economic Progress in Southern Africa – Quality of Products and Services
B. Visions for Economic Progress in Southern Africa – Export Promotion
C. Visions for Economic Progress in Southern Africa – Logistics Concepts
Chair
Annemarie Grobler – Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH
Outline
Quality of Products and Services
The emphasis of session A was on quality of products and serv-
ices. Members of the Alumni Network held the following pres-
entations:
“Which contribution can Quality Management offer to reduce
the negative impact of the Global Crises on the SADC region:
future-oriented outlook based on past experiences and concrete
examples”.
“Good/better quality of products/services from the point of
view of an export promotion specialist”.
“Good/better quality of products/services from the point of
view of a logistics specialist”.
Export Promotion
The emphasis of session B was on better building up export pro-
motion capacities. Inputs were given on
“Growth of Southern African Economy through promoting the
export of value added products”, on
“Expectations and demands on export promotion from the
point of view of a quality expert” and on
“Expectations and demands on export promotion, from the
point of view of a logistic expert”.
Logistics Concepts
The emphasis of session C was on “Logistic concepts for Southern
Africa”. Members of the SADC/InWEnt Logistic Alumni Network
presented on “Management of supply chains in the transport corri-
dors in the SADC Region”, “Expectations and demands on logistic
concepts in the SADC region from the point of view of an export
promotion expert”
as well as “Expectations and demands on logistic concepts in
the SADC region, from the point of view of a quality manage-
ment expert”.
24
Results
The participants of the workshop discussed which aspects of QM
need to be addressed to reduce the negative impact of the global
crises. They came to the following results:
There is a lack of knowledge and understanding of quality
management and a lack of implementation.
Participants recommended
––to educate southern African population, small businesses and
entrepreneurs on Quality Management to avert the challenges
of the crises and to reduce the negative impact of it
––to create awareness and build capacities especially in the sup-
ply chain.
Participants noted that the education and implementation of
the QM-System will ensure effective business management, prof-
itability and sustainability. Quality Management is a strategy to
ensure good business practices and financial sustainability.
There are no quality policies or standards.
Participants recommended
––enforcing the governments to establish standards.
There is a lack of Market Information Systems (MIS) and of
modern technology.
Participants called for
––starting a Market Intelligence Research,
––an encouragement of partnerships with developed nations and
the formation of trade agreements.
There is not enough environmental awareness among entre-
preneurs.
Participants suggested
––the promotion and implementation of Standard ISO 1400.
Working Group 5:
Capacity Building for E-Learning – The African Experience
A. Navigating the e-Storm: E-Learning Solutions for the Business Sector in Africa
B. Business Strategies for E-Learning Centers to Fast-Track E-Learning Implementation in Africa
C. Building on Multi-Stakeholder E-Learning Centre Models as Rapid E-Learning Multipliers for Private Sector in Africa
Chair
Jens Schneider – Chairperson, NOLNet eLC
Andrew Gakiria – National Coordinator, Kenya E-Learning Centre
Maggy Beukes-Amiss – Coordinator, NOLNet
Outline
The participants were introduced to the following three
aspects of E-Learning in Africa:
Navigating the e-Storm: E-Learning Solutions for the
Business Sector in Africa
First the Financial Crisis, now E-Learning, LMS, Authoring Tools!!
Information overload in business is a daily occurrence and can lead
to confusion, reduced productivity and added stress.
Economic slowdown has had a negative impact on many busi-
nesses. African business leaders need to make informed decisions
about the benefits and challenges of E-Learning to train their work-
force and improve efficiency to yield faster return on investment.
Business Strategies for eLC’s to Fast-Track E-Learning Imple-
mentation in Africa
In these tough economic times, many corporations in Africa either
are facing a hiring freeze or are reducing their workforce. Com-
panies need to find a way to cross-train workers to maintain a
competitive edge and build more loyal, competent and motivated
employees.
Building on Multi-Stakeholder E-Learning Center Models
as Rapid E-Learning Multipliers for Private Sector in Africa
The economic crisis has accentuated the need for a workforce with
high technical skills for the success of a business. Most business
leaders believe that developing their workforce is a key tactical
tool in fighting recession, yet they seem to be slashing training
budgets.
Results
In the course of the sessions, the participants identified four key
issues and actions to be taken:
There is a need for more government sector communication,
marketing and content-development.
Participants felt that there is a need
––to open E-Learning Centers and to develop materials,
––to use expertise globally and to develop a common policy.
E-Learning needs a clear mission and vision.
Participants recommended
––to create alignment with the national strategy,
––to raise awareness of policy makers and other stakeholders and
––to found a steering committee with shared responsibilities and
a blended approach of training.
Inadequate financing, lack of uniformity in policy.
Participants saw a need
––to install public-private partnerships,
––to formulate national and international policies
––to promote the use of open source.
The human resource capacities are inadequate.
Participants recommended
––to document all processes for posterity and to collaborate,
––to implement cost effective national E-Learning programs and
to create E-Learning Centers of Excellence.
25
Working Group 6:
The Impact of the Global Economic Crisis on Fragile Situations in
Sub-Saharan Africa

A. The Global Economic Crisis – A Threat to Stability in Africa?

B. Coping with the Global Economic Crisis in Fragile Situations
C. Addressing the Global Economic Crisis under Conditions of Fragility – Case Studies

Chair
Elke Striewe – Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH

Outline Results
This workshop assessed the impact of the global financial and In the course of the three sessions, the participants identified six
economic crisis on fragile situations in Sub-Saharan Africa. Even key issues and actions to be taken:
before the onset of the current crises, many African states found
themselves in precarious circumstances with weak governance Parts of the society are excluded from the economic life.
institutions and high levels of internal violence. Their undiver- Participants called for
sified economies were highly dependent on primary commodity ––equal trading opportunities and the
exports and aid, which made them particularly vulnerable to exter- ––economic empowerment of women.
nal shocks.
Political systems are destabilized by corruption and injustice.
While Africa was largely spared from the effects of the finan- Participants noted the need
cial crisis for its low level of integration into the international finan- ––to promote Good Governance,
cial system, it has been strongly hit by the ensuing global economic ––to strengthen regulation institutions,
downturn. Falling export prices and volumes, declining capital ––to fight against corruption and to promote direct financing and
flows, and reduced remittances have resulted in a drastic deterio- ––to support open governance initiatives.
ration in balance of payments and government revenue, in turn
leading to an increased inability to pay civil service employees and There is a bad allocation of resources.
security forces, rising unemployment and a decrease in the capac- Participants recommended
ity of the state to provide basic goods and services. ––the implementation of a judicious management of resources.

This workshop aimed to explore how the effects of the global High youth unemployment rates cause conflicts.
economic crisis articulate with conditions of fragility and assess Participants called for
its outcomes. Is there evidence that the crisis affects social stability ––the creation of jobs for the youth and
and cohesion and exacerbates conflict and fragility in Africa? ––the installation of a social net.

26
There is a high rate of crimes with small arms and a lot of
violence in societies.
Participants recommended
––to implement a security sector reform (SSR),
––to start peace building activities,
––and to ensure food security.

Rural-urban migration causes conflicts.

Participants saw a need
––to develop the infrastructure in rural areas and
––to modernize the agriculture.

The participants felt capacity building is needed for all of the

above topics.

27
 Working Group 7:
Capacity Building for Financial
Management in Education
A. Decentralization in Education and Financial
Management
B. Funding for Quality and Equity in Education with
Limited Resources
C. Visions for a Network of Education-Finance
Alumni in Southern Africa

Chair
Claudia Lange – Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH

Outline
The working group discussed the following two aspects of finan-
cial management in education:

Decentralization in Education and Financial Management

Decentralization is seen as a way to improve efficiency and effec-
tiveness of education delivery by increasing accountability of the
service providers. It is believed that decentralized units such as
local governments or communities are more responsive to the
beneficiaries’ needs and demands than centralized organizations.
Therefore many southern African countries are decentralizing
responsibilities and funds. Nevertheless the claim that decentral-
ized units are closer and more responsive to the needs of the clients
does not always hold true. How does decentralization in education
work in your country and what are promising practices?

Funding for Quality and Equity in Education with Limited

Resources
Ambitious goals and limited resources – this dilemma describes
the reality of the education sector in many African countries. The
global financial crisis will probably have further negative impacts
on the funds available for education. Or is the inadequate and
inefficient utilization of funds the bigger problem? Do we know

28
the factors that influence education quality in our country? How
can we as officials from Ministries of Education and Finance and
NGOs inform and influence policies and practices in a way that
education funds are used to produce better results, particularly as
far as poor pupils are concerned?
In addition, participants discussed and decided on
Visions for a Network of Education-Finance Alumni in South-
ern Africa, as between 2004 and 2009 two generations of par-
ticipants have passed through training programs in Education
Finance Management that were offered by InWEnt and its part-
ners. Is everything over after the training?
As Alumni what are your ideas for a continuing network
between your colleagues from other southern African countries?
What should be the goals of an alumni network, how can we reach
them and what can you contribute?
Results
For the aspect of decentralization in education and financial man-
agement the participants have identified the following issues and
suggestions for action:
There is a lack of physical facilities and infrastructure on dis-
trict level.
Participants identified that
––infrastructure needed to be developed and that the govern-
ment has to provide adequate funds for districts.
There is inadequate capacity at district level
Participants called for
––the introduction of incentives and capacity building at district
level.
There is a lack of accountability.
Participants suggested
––to elaborate rules and adherence to them and to implement
punitive measures.
The main message was that:
Decentralisation is key to efficiency in education delivery through
capacity building.
Participants recommended that poverty in households should
be addressed by a conditional social cash transfer programme.
In view of low and unequal funding the sources of funding
should be diversified, cost-sharing and formula-funding should
be introduced.
The inefficient usage of funds should be controlled through
introducing performance measurement.
The participants decided to found an Education Finance
Alumni network which has the following purpose:
––Share knowledge, ideas and experiences.
––Continuous capacity building among participating members.
––Ensuring application of learning to organisations.
––Keep contact with other Alumni.
29
Working Group 8:
Rural Development and Use of Natural Resources
A. Regional Development in Rural Areas
B. Infrastructure for Rural Development and Accessibility
C. Sustainable Forest Management
Chair
Lutz Sacknieß – Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH
Outline
The actual global economic crisis goes along with a crisis of our
environment and climate as well as a great challenge for our future
energy production.
The rural regions in Africa are quite affected by these crises.
They struggle with poverty and famine and fight at the same time
for the intensification of the rural economy. To guarantee the proc-
ess of decentralisation they have to augment the regional econ-
omy. Economic and social emergencies – infrastructures – natural
resources condition themselves and are controversial in the rural
areas. The economic and social disparity between the rural and the
urban areas is diminishing; it forms the bases of various political,
social and ecological conflicts in African countries.
Alumni and experts from the field of natural resources, infra-
structure/logistics and rural development developed forward ori-
ented visions and ideas for a sustainable framework for private
sector driven economic rural progress and ideas how to face the
future regional African challenges.
30
Results
In the course of the sessions, the participants identified the fol-
lowing key issues and actions to be taken:
There is a need to create synergy for regional development,
as ressources are missing.
Participants suggested
––to promote good governance and to develop a participative and
common strategy of intervention and to identify the potentials
of communities.
Rural development and accessibility should be promoted by
the development of the infrastructure.
The participants recommended
––to promote inter country transport and develop feeder roads to
connect trunk roads,
––to protect the environment,
––to connect power grids across countries,
––to equip local contractors and to build their capacities by pro-
viding training,
––to develop water bodies as a form of transport,
––to collect geo information, to identify the road networks to be
developed and to guarantee road-safety.
There has to be an economic benefit of road networks.
Participants saw a need
––to classify road networks based on their economic importance.
Can we combine both, labour based and capital intensive road
construction effectively?
Participants felt that
––the government has to balance between labour intensive and
private sector led road construction.
Working Group 9:
Productive Use of Renewable Energies as Contribution to Integrated
Climate Friendly Rural Development – A Market-Oriented Approach
A. Marked and Renewable Energy Based Approach for the Production for Goods and Services
B. Demonstration and Exercises using the Tools and Handbook Developed in the INSABA-Project
C. Perspectives for a Productive Use of Renewable Energies in Small and Medium Sized Industries

Chair
Klaus Knecht – Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH

Outline
The Workshop Discussed a Renewable Energy Based
Approach for the Production for Goods and Services
Examples from SADC-countries demonstrated how small produc-
ers can create income and add a surplus to their pure subsistence
production understanding the rules of markets and using availa-
ble and economically sound renewable energy systems for the pro-
duction of goods and services. The first session described which
renewable energy systems/sources are most convenient for the pro-
duction of marketable goods and services. It discussed how this
approach may support an integrated rural development strategy.
Demonstration and Exercises using the Tools and Handbook
Developed in the INSABA-Project
In the second session the INSABA-project design was explained
including the specific requirements on pilot regions, entrepre-
neurs, advisors/consultants, ecological sound production and
financing schemes. The approach and the results were assessed
and suggestions for further improvement were gained.
Results
The participants discussed two key issues and defined actions to
deal with those challenges:
To promote innovation in the renewable sector,
participants felt that it is needed
––to develop technical skills and maintain skills, to demonstrate
proven systems and innovation and to conduct detailed feasi-
bility studies and provide resources for feasibility studies.
To develop solutions to enhancing productive uses of renew-
able energy systems by SME’s and other end-users,
participants felt that
––end-users should insist on more project information.
––Producer should attach importance quality control and after-
sales services.
––Financiers should provide low-interest credits.
––Research and development institutions should work hard on
adaption and innovation of renewable energy systems for
local/markets/productive use and training of stakeholders.

Perspectives for a Productive Use of Renewable Energies in

Small and Medium Sized Industries
In the third session former participants of InWEnt’s Interna-
tional Leadership training on wind energy utilization discussed
with partners of the INSABA-project on a wider productive use of
renewable energies especially in small and medium enterprises.
Contracts between wind farm operators and industry were dis-
cussed as well as questions of a reliable energy supply (hybrid sys-
tems, grid management, and smart grids). Challenges, opportuni-
ties and economics were reviewed considering as well advantages
like greater energy security and autonomy for such industries.

31
2.2 Results from the E-Discussion
n An online discussion was run for 3 weeks from 5 October at www.ibf.businessfightspoverty.org. Over 2,300 people have visited the
event site to date, more that 200 people joined the eConference community, and some 85 comments were posted during the discus-
sion. Below is a selection of the comments.
Business Responses to the Economic Crisis
How does business view the economic crisis? What are the chal-
lenges and opportunities for Africa in light of the economic down-
turn?
“...the economic crisis is creating a disincentive environment
for businesses to thrive in Africa. Aid, grants and remittances to
the continent are all falling, meaning that consumption expendi-
ture is also on the decline; as such demand is low and prices are
declining. So domestic producers are negatively affected by the
economic crisis.”
“The main challenge for business in Africa facing the crisis
is the need to address the issues of poverty and unemployment
and find strategies for their constructive implementation in their
business agenda.”
“The main opportunity lies in innovation and adaptation,
which means the development of strategies include the increase
of productivity and efficiency by means of research and education
as well as the adaption on market demand, especially embracing
the needs of the poor.”
“...the crisis presents opportunities for businesses to focus on
creating innovative ways of providing products and services that
are affordable and can enrich the poor. This will not only alleviate
poverty, but it will create profits and save many businesses that
are currently struggling to survive. The potential for partnering
with businesses to address such issues has not been fully tapped,
and this may represent the only opportunity for some companies
to survive the crisis.”
“The economic crisis is mainly seen as the result of poor reg-
ulation of the financial markets reinforcing the need to invest in
real-sector activities to promote growth in Africa. The most signifi-
cant challenge under the given circumstances remains the lack of
credit availability which directly affects business needs, especially
those of struggling businesses, to reconfigure their production-
and market approach.”
32
Has the economic crisis dampened business enthusiasm about
Africa’s prospects, or have its impacts been exaggerated?
“Africans are of the view that since there are not enough funds
in banks to support businesses, they will be better-off to sit back
at home. 'No funds in the bank = no business' has been the idea
of most businesses in Africa. This is why many businesses are
unable to see new opportunities that would have given their busi-
nesses a boost.”
“..most important for business, especially in Africa, is to focus
on the local way of doing business than to be bulldozed by the
economic stories we hear being faced by first world economic
giants.”
How can business best contribute to a re-emergent Africa that is
even stronger and even better placed to tackle poverty and other
development challenges?
“African businesses can form synergies, especially in the
area of energy, that their will be constant supply of energy to feed
businesses, so as to create the enabling environment for develop-
ment.”
“I think that one of the ways that African businesses can
become key players in the emerging economy is to improve and
build capacity. This would have several knock on effects not only for
the business but for its staff, clients and the environment. Knowl-
edge empowers and when that knowledge is embedded within an
organisation it fosters innovation and growth.”
“Apart from this important role in creating infrastructure,
business should make efforts to engage governments on policy
with the aim to improve the investment climate as it is already
successfully promoted by agencies like the Investment Climate
Facility (ICF) in Tanzania.”
“Africans should first have the mind-set to survive in this cri-
sis and carry out a check list on the businesses that have been
affected heavily. Those businesses that have low record of busi-
ness failure are where the opportunities lie, although invention
and innovation can change the demand for goods and services in
already existing businesses.”
Government and Donor
Responses to the Economic Crisis
How can governments and donors foster local growth, investment,
and innovation during the crisis? For example, how can they sup-
port small enterprises, particularly those constrained by lack of
finance?
“...what Governments and the Donor Community need to do
is to establish a large number of business incubators in Africa so
that they more carefully herd entrepreneurial brains to experiment
their ideas within a legally acceptable environment with the hope
of breaking into innovation, investment, creation of employment
opportunities.”
“To sustain the present growth in Africa countries should first
look in to their monetary and fiscal policies. Their growth strate-
gies should be pro-poor so that the growth in the country does not
bring higher income inequality.”
“The role of ICT: “It is observed an average man in Nigeria may
not have food to eat but will get his mobile phone recharged both What are the key opportunities that donors and African govern-
for pleasure and business contact. Therefore, it is regarded more ments should pay attention to of the coming months?
as food to people than a communication tool.” “In Ethiopia SMEs are one of the priority sectors being sup-
ported by the government and other development partners. They
How can donors and African governments create the appropri- incorporate huge mass of business people and manufacturers who
ate incentive framework to facilitate innovation in inclusive busi- deal with traditional and modern products. Especially traditional
ness among international businesses? Where do constraints need weavers and craftsmen are the main beneficiaries and the major-
to be removed and what direct incentives should be provided to ity. The government and NGOs have been helping this sector in
business? terms of training, clustering, linking with input providers and in
“...donors should focus on helping innovative businesses with marketing, giving land with minimum lease cost, availing finan-
great potential: possibly by creating selection criteria for businesses cial credit facilities up to the premises of small enterprises and
acting in sectors vital to African economies, infrastructures, rural poor population.”
populations.” “There should be tax holidays to all small enterprises for a con-
“...The growth of SMEs [...} depends very much on the institu- siderable number of years of operation to allow growth and busi-
tional support to which entrepreneurs can gain access. The institu- ness expansion. Also ....provision of power supply, water, and other
tional framework defines a number of costs and incentives in entre- social amenities that aid business operation”
preneurial activity, particularly production costs. Heavy bureau- “Donors and African governments should pay attention to agri-
cratic requirements for registration, high collateral requirements cultural production.”
for credit and difficult access to technology are some apparent “Diplomatic offices of African counties in developed countries
obstacles which influence the decision to establish a business.” and developing countries should give more emphasis on economic
“Government should ensure that good transport system (the tasks like providing the necessary information to investors abroad.
one that is efficient and cheap) is provided to enable small entre- What the investment outcome will be if they invest in Africa.”
preneurs transport their goods from one location to another for “Synergies and linkages between government and private sec-
efficient distribution of goods and services.” tor should be uphold so that the private sector will be the driving
force in the poverty reduction campaign of a given country.”

33
Business Responses to
Climate Change
How can developing countries shift to lower-carbon trajectories
without compromising development?
“...the answer lies in renewable energies and bio-fuels if devel-
oping countries are to achieve a shift to lower-carbon trajectories
without compromising development.”
“Many African businesses still treat climate change issues as
negative externalities, which for many African countries there is
no mitigation strategy for such externalities. ...businesses must
internalize these externalities, and treat them as part of their cost
of production.”

In what ways will climate change bring opportunities to the busi-

ness sector in Africa?
“Africa not only needs to collaborate in the reduction of green-
house gasses, but most importantly, it has to adapt to the changes
in climate. Private sector can play a key role in the success or fail-
ure of climate change adaptation. Businesses should see this as an
opportunity for investing in new technology and innovative solu-
tions that can adapt to climate change, while providing accessible,
affordable and profitable products and services for Africa.”
“...the private sector or business entrepreneurs should produce
and deliver environmentally friendly products, product that are
produced with little or minimum impact on climate.”

How should governments respond to climate change?

“Government should institute business practices that are both
environmentally and economically sustainable, minimizing their
exposure to carbon emission.”
“...legislation and policy formulation is certainly the first
step”
“address climate change is by creating the political will to influ-
ence governments. This will then influence private business, both
directly through consumer power, and indirectly, through legisla-
tion and operational frameworks.”
“Governments should spend their budget in research and
development to find proper solutions for this problem.”
“...environmental performance indicators should also be intro-
duced which assesses environmental impacts on living and non-
living natural systems, including ecosystems, land, air and water.
This indicator introduced in line with international best practice,
will provide a representative picture of environmental conditions
and pressures on the environments.“

34
2.3 Key Recommendations of the Conference
Through a series of workshops and ple-
n
nary sessions delegates identified and pri-
oritised their top recommendations, iden-
tifying also those that they felt were most
actionable. In each session of the 9 working
groups, participants chose their top priori-
ties. These were presented to the plenary
and discussed among all participants.
Plenary Viewpoint
“Lord Stern pointed out recently, that the
amount the governments decided to
spend on Green Technologies within
their economic stimulate package is too
little and has to be upgraded. He is right.
It is not sufficient enough to foster
market sectors like renewable energies
only. To fight the climate change we have
to rebuild our whole economies dramati-
cally towards less carbon emission. We
have to rebuild our cities. We have to
create products, services and logistic
system solutions which support us on our
way towards more sustainable develop-
ment. Markets can be of great help at this,
but they need guidance and rules.”
Volker Hauff
Chairman, Council on
Sustainable Development of the
German Government, Germany
10 Recommendations of the 13th International Business Forum at the
2nd African Alumni Conference
The Participants....
1. Underlined the need for a better integration of Africa into the global economy and
for recognition of the impact of climate change.
2. Argued for greater collaboration and knowledge exchange between governments,
businesses and donors to develop common strategies and solutions to handle the
crises.
3. Underlined that these crises can, and must be dealt with together, using the period
of lower demand to invest to secure a new wave of growth based on the technologies
for a low-carbon economy and to capture the low-carbon growth business opportunities.
4. Pointed out the need to educate southern African population, small businesses
and entrepreneurs on Quality Management to avert the challenges of the crisis and
to reduce the negative impact of the Global Crisis.
5. Noted the importance of SMEs to innovate regarding clean energy and the need
for them to be provided with technology transfers, skills development and govern-
ment subsidies.
6. Noted that research and development institutions should work hard on
(a) Adaption and innovation of renewable energy systems for local markets.
(b) Training of stakeholders in energy markets e.g. end users, policy makers,
system installers etc.
7. Pointed out that to sustain the present growth in African countries should first look
on their monetary and fiscal policies. Their growth strategies should be pro-poor
so that the growth in the country does not bring higher income inequality.
8. Underlined that donors should focus on helping innovative businesses with great
potential: possibly by creating selection criteria for businesses acting in sectors
vital for African economies, infrastructures and rural populations.
9. Highlighted that to fight the climate change our whole economies have to be rebuilded
dramatically towards less carbon emission. Products, services and logistic system solu-
tions have to be created which support us on our way towards more sustainable
development.
10. Pointed out that business, both African and international can play an important
role in coping with the crises and in promoting sustainable development. Busi-
nesses can do good by doing good business.
35
3. Reflections on Global Crises – African Challenges
3.1. Perspectives of InWEnt’s Regional Alumni-Work
n Alumni-Work is one of the key elements of InWEnt’s capacity
building programs. Through advanced training and seminars,
targeted to the specific needs of Alumni, InWEnt provides the
opportunity to sustain and enlarge professional expertise obtained
during InWEnt’s practice-oriented programs and to develop lead-
ership and management skills. At once the Alumni Work rein-
forces the long-term relationship of Alumni to InWEnt and Ger-
many. Alumni, thus, become part of a network of “ambassadors for
InWEnt and for Germany”. In addition, Alumni also are important
partners and multipliers when it comes to creating intercultural
bridges between donor and partner countries and establishing
effective and extended development partnerships, as, for instance,
the implementation of the “Accra Agenda for Action”.
Therefore, InWEnt stays in touch with its Alumni: to build up
international learning communities and to create numerous pro-
fessional and regional Alumni networks. We offer formats to the
Alumni that combine further education and training, dialogue
and networking. A broad networking opportunity for all people
who studied in Germany or completed a training program at least
three-months long, regardless of whether their stay in Germany
36
was sponsored by an organization or independently financed is the
Alumni Portal Deutschland (German Alumni Portal, APD). It is a
cooperative project between the German Academic Exchange Serv-
ice (DAAD), the Goethe Institute and the Association of Experts
in the Fields of Migration and Development Cooperation (AGEF)
organized by InWEnt.
In the years to come, InWEnt will emphasize on the installa-
tion and consolidation of regional Alumni Networks in Sub Sahara
Africa. For this purpose, the 2nd African Regional Alumni Confer-
ence in Accra has given important impulses. The conference pro-
moted the exchange between Alumni from different sectors and
institutions and the dialogue between representatives of the public
sector, private enterprise and civil society.
Together with the participants of the Alumni conference in
Accra InWEnt now wants to advance the constitution of a regional
InWEnt-Alumni Network for Sub-Sahara Africa. The regional
offices in South Africa and Tanzania will coordinate this process
as well as organize events such as workshops or seminars on the
issues of the Accra Conference. The idea is to give continuity to the
dialogue initiated in Accra and to build a permanent platform for
the exchange between Alumni in Sub-Saharan Africa.
All participants of the conference are cordially invited to con-
tribute actively to this process. In this context the cooperation
with Alumni Associations in our partner countries is of particu-
lar importance to InWEnt. We hereby wish to express our sincere
gratitude to the Alumni Association Ghana for its vivid engage-
ment and active assistance in shaping the Alumni Conference in
Accra.
The 3rd Regional Alumni Conference is scheduled for 2011 in
South Africa and InWEnt is looking forward to it. The aim of the
conference will be to continue the process which begun in 2007
in Tanzania and continued 2009 in Ghana to further strengthen
the cooperation with the Alumni in Sub-Sahara Africa.
3.2. Outline for the Future of the
International Business Forum
n Over the past 14 years, the International Business Forum has
addressed the key challenges of the day from a business perspec-
tive. Organised by InWEnt – Capacity Building International
and the World Bank along with their partners, the Dialogue Fora
brought together hundreds of experts from business, government
and civil society to discuss about the contribution of business to
sustainable development and the accomplishment of the MDGs.
The 10th, 11th and 12th International Business Fora in 2005,
2006 and 2007 respectively – focused on the important contribu-
tion of business to achieving the MDGs, the internationally agreed
set of goals for reducing world poverty by 2015. The common mes-
sage that runs through all events was the need for a clearer under-
standing of the role of business: what the MDGs mean for business
and what business means for the MDGs. Through a rich discus-
sion the IBF series on business and the MDGs has produced a set
of practical recommendations. The core message is that respon-
sible business is an indispensable partner for international devel-
opment and the sooner that governments, civil society and busi-
nesses recognise this, the better.
Since the International Business Forum “Business Engage-
ment for Governance” that took place in Washington D.C. in 2007,
the world has changed dramatically. The implications of the eco-
nomic crisis and the climate change crisis are still unfolding but
certain to be profound. The 13th International Business Forum
“Global Crises – African Challenges” in Accra in 2009 focused
on the question of what the crises mean for Africa and its econo-
mies. The conference explored the central role that business can
and must play in helping Africa through the crises: from laying the
foundations of long-term growth to driving the innovation needed
to ensure future growth is more green-house-gas efficient. A cen-
tral message from participants of the 13th IBF was that to fight the
climate change and to promote a sustainable development we have
to rebuild our economies towards less carbon emissions. We have
to create products, services and logistic systems which allow a sus-
tainable business development. To promote this process, InWEnt
offers formats that are adapted to different target groups and that
combine training, dialogue and networking. The International
Business Fora series is part of this broader approach of InWEnt to
create long lasting partnerships through initiatives and networks
to sustainable development. By strengthening business engage-
ment for sustainable development, InWEnt is dealing with cli-
mate change and the consequences of the economic crisis simul-
taneously. Private sector engagement is a crucial precondition to
generate sustainable growth and to combat poverty. At the same
time, sustainability and economic success are no contradiction,
even more sustainable business models, like investing in renewa-
bles, are key to enhanced competitiveness.
The future IBF series will continue the discussion about busi-
ness-led approaches to combat climate change and to overcome
poverty on a global and a local scale.
37
4. Organisation and Acknowledgement
About the Organisers
InWEnt – Capacity Building International, Germany Corporations and Organisations Featured
(www.inwent.org) The organisers of the 13th International Business Forum at the
n InWEnt stands for the development of human resources and 2nd Interdisciplinary African Alumni Conference wish to express
organisations within the framework of international cooperation. their gratitude to representatives of the following corporations,
InWEnt’s services cater to skilled and managerial staff as well as local and international organisations and scientific institutions
to decision makers from business, politics, administration and that were contributing to the success of the Forum by presenting
civil societies worldwide. InWEnt cooperates equally with partners their cases:
from developing, transition and industrialized countries. InWEnt’s
shareholders comprise the Federal Republic of Germany, repre- ––Alumni Association Ghana
sented by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and ––African Development Bank (AfDB)
Development (BMZ), the Carl Duisberg Gesellschaft that repre- ––B-Bovid Ltd.
sents the business community, and the German Foundation for ––Council of Sustainable Development of the German
International Development that represents the German federal Government
states (Länder). ––ECOWAS
––German-African Business Association
The World Bank Institute (WBI) (www.worldbank.org/wbi) ––Ghanaian-German Economic Association (GGEA)
WBI is the Learning, Knowledge and Capacity Building arm of the ––ISOMET sarl
World Bank Group. It trains leaders, decision makers, and others to ––Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre
develop and implement policies on poverty reduction, trade, corpo- (KAIPTC)
rate governance and corporate responsibility, environment, AIDS, ––NEPAD Business Foundation
corruption, education, health, and more. WBI networks connect ––PricewaterhouseCoopers
decision makers around the globe, allowing them to share infor- ––United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
mation and compare experiences. WBI programmes are offered in TICAD/UNDP Regional Bureau for Africa
more than 150 countries. Clients include government officials and ––University of Bonn/Rhein Sieg
policymakers, staff from nongovernmental organisations, business ––USAID/East Africa
representatives, journalists, academics, teachers and children, and ––World Bank Institute
World Bank staff.

38
Agenda

November 4, 2009

17:30 – 19:00 Registration

19:00 – 20:15 Reception

Welcoming Remarks
––Bernd Schleich, Managing Director, InWEnt
––Emmanuel Salu, Chair of the Alumni Association

Presentation of Background Paper

––Michael Mowlam, Director Inspiris Ltd.

Showcase: Video-Presentation of the Highlights of the International Video-Conferences

on ‘Growth and Crisis’
––Diletta Doretti, World Bank Institute

Drinks, Meet and Greet

39
November 5, 2009

The 13th International Business Forum at InWEnt’s Alumni-Conference will be chaired

by Annette Rathjen, Head of Department of InWEnt, and Rodney Dreyer, InWEnt Alumnus.
The plenary discussion will be moderated by Michael Mowlam, Director, Inspiris Ltd.

During the conference, a fair takes place at the entrance of the Conference hall of the La
Palm Royal Beach Hotel. InWEnt Alumni Associations, the APD, the EU-helpdesk and
others present their work at this occasion.

08:00 – 08:30 Registration/Security Check – Light Breakfast

GLOBAL CRISES – AFRICAN CHALLENGES:

BUSINESS IN AFRICA AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF THE CRISES

08:30 – 10:15 Opening Plenary

Welcoming Remarks:
––Hans-Christian Winkler, Deputy Head of Mission of the Federal Republic of Germany
in Ghana
––Bernd Schleich, Managing Director, InWEnt
––Stephen Antwi, President of the Ghanaian-German Economic Association (GGEA)

Introductory Remarks:
This session will frame the issues and set the tone of the conference
––Hassan Y. Aly, Chief Research Economist, The African Development Bank
––Volker Hauff, Chairman, Council on Sustainable Development of the
German Government, Germany

GLOBAL CRISES – AFRICAN CHALLENGES:

MAPPING OUT NEW STRATEGIES FOR AFRICA

10:30 – 12:00 Plenary Session

This session will deal with the risks and opportunities arising from the current economic
and climate crises in Africa. It will be staffed with high-ranking African and German
business persons who are concerned with both the economic slowdown and the effects
of climate change. They will present their experiences and spot new ways for Africa to
emerge even stronger from these crises. Commentators from academia and international
organizations will analyse these propositions and critically introduce alternatives.

40
 Keynote panelists:
––Stanley Subramoney, Deputy CEO Price WaterHouse Coopers and Member of the
supervisory board of the NEPAD Business Foundation
––Jens-Peter Breitengroß, Chairman of the German-African Business Association
––Garth Greubel, CEO (rtd) Bond Exchange of South Africa
––Issa Ouedraogo, Managing Director, B-Bovid Ltd (Organic & Biodiversity), Vice-Board
Chair of Open Society Initiative for West Africa(OSIWA) & Board member of West Africa
Democratic Radio (WADR)

Commentators:
––Volker Hauff, Chairman, Council on Sustainable Development of the
German Government, Germany
––Nicholas Gouede, Programme Specialist, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP) TICAD/UNDP Regional Bureau for Africa

12:00 – 14:00 Lunch

14:00 – 15:45 Working Groups 1 - 9, Session A

Participants are invited to divide into nine parallel working groups (see Annex). The
working groups will be concerned with different aspects of the key topic “Global Crises –
African Challenges”. They will give prominence to Africa as an increasingly important
global player in questions of Global Governance, raw materials, potential improvements
in infrastructure, agricultural production, economic diversification, statistics, and edu-
cation for sustainable management.

16:00 – 16:45 Feedback Plenary Session One

Rapporteurs from each working group present the main recommendations that emerged
from the working group discussions.

16:45 – 17:00 Wiltrud Terlau “Teaching for Development” – a program of the University of Bonn/
Rhein Sieg

17:00 Evening program: Excursion to the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Cen-
tre (KAIPTC) with reception

41
November 6, 2009

08:00 – 08:45 Light Breakfast

09:00 – 10:30 Working Groups 1 - 9, Session B

Participants are invited to divide into nine parallel working groups (see Annex).
Coffee will be served during the sessions.

11:00 – 12:30 Working Groups 1 - 9, Session C

13:00 – 14:30 Lunch

15:00 – 16:00 Feedback Plenary Session Two

Rapporteurs from each working group will present the main recommendations that
emerged from the working group discussion.

16:00 – 18:00 Net-Making Session

Coordinators: Annette Rathjen and Rodney Dreyer

Participants are invited to meet and interact with each other in view of enlarging the part-
nership network and to take the first practical steps towards cooperation. Appointments
can be arranged in advance through the conference organizers.

16:00 – 18:00 Experts Meeting on Responsible Business Responses to Climate Change

This Working Group will discuss what business can do to respond to the risks and oppor-
tunities of climate change. The focus will be on responsible business responses contrib-
uting to adaptation to and mitigation of climate change. Participation to the Expert Meet-
ing will be by invitation only.

42
16:00 – 18:00 Consultation on World Bank Group Environment strategy

The World Bank Group is embarking on the preparation of a new environment strategy,
expected to be completed by 2010. Consultation with business will be undertaken to
ensure quality of the new Environment Strategy. The session will be delivered by World
Bank Experts from the environment group.

18:00 – 19:10 Closing Plenary: Summary of the main outcomes of the conference and outlook for
next year

Outlook:
––Luiz Ramalho, Director, InWEnt

Wrap up with the Alumni & Presentation of InWEnt’s Alumni Work:

––Aneesha Vahle, Alumni Coordinator, InWEnt Office Pretoria

Presentation of Certificates and Closing Remarks:

––Bernd Schleich, Managing Director InWEnt and selected participants

19:10 Farewell Reception

43
 Annex 1: Alumni-Conference –
Working Groups/International Business Forum 2009

“Global Crises – African Challenges”

Working Group 1* Working Group 2 Working Group 3 Working Group 4

Topic Economic Empower- Local Stakeholder’s Economic Statistics Visions for Economic
ment of Women Response to Regional Progress in Southern
Economic Develop- Africa
ment

A Economic Empow-
erment of Women –
Introductory Session
Red Tape Reduction Monitoring Macr- Visions for Eco-
to meet Economic oeconomic Perform- nomic Progress in
Challenges ance with Statis- Southern Africa I
tical Indicators Quality of Prod-
ucts and Services

B Women Entrepreneurs: Improvement of Infra- Private Sector's Visions for Eco-

the Driving Force for structure Services in Demand for Economic nomic Progress in
Dynamic Economies African Cities through Statistics – A User- Southern Africa II
Optimal Use of Avail- Producer Dialogue Export Promotion
able Local Resources

C Political Lobbying Private Sector Measuring Eco- Visions for Eco-

through Women Entre- Approaches as Ener- nomic Impact of nomic Progress in
preneurs Networks gizers for Public Sec- Climate Change Southern Africa III
& tor Management Logistics Concepts
Engendered Statistics

*Working group sessions will be held in French and English.

44
Working Group 5 Working Group 6 Working Group 7 Working Group 8 Working Group 9
Capacity Building for The Impact of the Capacity Building for Rural Development Productive Use of
E-Learning - The Global Economic Financial Manage- and Use of Natural Renewable Energies
African Experience Crisis on Fragile ment in Education Resources as Contribution to
Situations in Sub- Integrated Climate
Saharan Africa Friendly Rural
Development –
A Market-Oriented
Approach

Navigating the The Global Economic Decentralisation in Regional Development Marked and Renew-
e-Storm: E-Learning Crisis – A Threat to Education and Finan- in Rural Areas/Dével- able Energy Based
Solutions for The Busi- Stability in Africa cial Management oppement Régional Approach for the
ness Sector in Africa en Zones Rurales Production of Goods
and Services

Business Strategies Coping with the Glo- Funding for Quality Infrastructure for Demonstration and
for eLC’s to Fast-Track bal Economic Crisis and Equity in Edu- Rural Development Exercises using the
E-Learning Imple- in Fragile Situations cation with Lim- and Accessibility Tools and Hand-
mentation in Africa ited Resources book Developed in
the INSABA-Project

Building on Multi- Addressing the Global Visions for a Net- Sustainable Forest Perspectives for a
Stakeholder E-Learn- Economic Crisis under work of Education- Management Productive Use of Re-
ing Centre Models Conditions of Fragil- Finance Alumni in newable Energies in
as Rapid E-Learning ity – Case Studies Southern Africa Small and Medium
Multipliers for Pri- Sized Industries
vate Sector in Africa

45
Annex 2: The Participants
Abba, Yusuf, Antwi, Stephen,
Senior Scientific Officer, Ministry of Environment, Kano State, President, Ghanaian-German Economic Association, Ghana
Nigeria
Appiah-Dolphyne, Joseph,
Abdullahi, Ahmad Jibrin, Web Editor, Africa Interactive, Ghana
Higher Statistical Officer, National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria
Asiamah, Asiamah Frederick,
Abdurahman, Ibrahim Orbit, Ghana
Situation Room Assistant, African Union, Ethiopia
Assandoh, Obed Kwame,
Adams, Charles, Programme Participant, InWEnt – Afrika Kommt Program
Lecturer/Transportation engineer, Civil Engineering Department, Participant, Ghana
KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
Atiku, Iddrisu,
Adesina, Funmilayo Evelyn, Ghana
Senior Scientific Officer, Oyo State Ministry of the Environment and
Water Resources, Secretariat Ibadon, Oyo State, Nigeria Atuhaire, Rodgers,
Country Representative, African Wind Energy Association
Agyaho, John Foster, (AFRIWEA), Uganda
Ghana
Atuobi, Samuel,
Agyemfra, Francis Asiedu, Resource Person, KAIPTC, Ghana
Consultant, Institute of Economic Affairs, Ghana
Azasoo, Jonathan,
Akoua, Nyanoo, NDPC, Ghana
Chef d’Agence, Microfund, Togo
Badamasi, Murtala Muhammad,
Alabi, Olanrewaju Michael, Assistant Lecturer, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
Director Monitoring & Evaluation, Centre for Development and
Population Activities, Nigeria Bakari, Amour Hamil,
Head of Economic Statistics Section, Office of Chief Government
Allogo Obague, David, Statistician, Tanzania
Directeur des Etudes a l ENEF, Ecole Nationale des Eaux et Forets du
Cap-Esterias Libreville, Gabon Bamidele, Aduroshakin Babawale,
Principal Scientific Officer, Lagos State Ministry of the Environment,
Aly, Hassan, Nigeria
Chief Research Economist,African Development Bank, Tunisia
Banda, Simon,
Amiss, Catherine Margaret, Liaison Officer, Fairtrade Labelling Organisations International,
NOLNet eLC Coordinator, University of Namibia and NOLNet eLC, Zambia
Namibia
Barasa, Mangeni,
Amoako, Eric Agyekum, Director of Programmes, Africa Peace Forum, Kenya
Head of Environmental Management Unit, Department of Urban
Roads, Ghana

46
Benade, Lynn, Braaf, Norina Andrea,
E-Learning Specialist/Assistant Director, Gauteng City Region Instructional Designer, University of the Western Cape,
Academy, South Africa South Africa

Bohwasi, Thomas Bohwasi, Breitengroß, Jens-Peter,

Business Development Officer, Zimbabwe Opportunisties President, German African Business Association, Germany
Industrialization Centres (ZOIC), Zimbabwe
Bürskens, Heike,
Bollen, Simataa Khama, Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Director, Ministry of Education, Namibia
Butore, Joseph,
Bonou, Ginette Carmen, Doyen et Enseignant, Institut Superieur d’ Agriculture (ISA),
Presidente, Cercle des Jeunes pour le Development Durable- Burundi
Ayessi (CJ2D-ONG), Benin
Chamusso, Teixeira Guigalamuga,
Borketey, Boyefio Gilbert, Chief of planning and Statistics Department, Provincial Directorate
Ghana of Education and Culture, Mozambique

Boum Bissai, Pierre-Guillaume, Chandenda, Catherine,

Chef De Service Cooperation Europe Occidentale, Ministère Des
Relations Exterieures, Cameroun
Bowers, Thelma Jane,
CEO, People Development Organization, South Africa
Project Coordinator, Elephant Pepper Development Trust, Zambia
Changwony, Mwinzi Dinah Jerotich,
Director of Training, Ministry of Youth Affairs, Kenya

47
Chitwere, William Wisiki, Doni-Kwame, Emmanuel,
Senior Management Development Consultant, Malawi Institute of CNCC
Management, Malawi
Doretti, Diletta,
Chumachao, Enock Nelson, Consultant Finance and Private Sector Development,
DEM, Ministry of Education, Malawi World Bank Institute, USA

Coulibaly, Moussa, Dreyer, Rodney,

Direction Nationale de I’Energie (DNE), Mali Chairman of the Conference, South Africa

Damane, Victoria Omponye, Duyenku, Sr, Wennie V.,

Director of Institutional Funding, Tetiary Education Council, CEO, Regional Engineering and Development Services (REDES),
Botswana Liberia

Darkey, Desmond Daniel, El Desoukey, Nermeen Ahmed,

CEO, Giop Company Ltd., Ghana Assistant Professor, Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt

Darko, Elvis, El Maadawi, Zeinab Mohamed EI Moghazy,

Ghana Lecturer, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

Dembele, Michel, Emaru, Mackay,

Consultant, Foranim-Consult sarl, Mali Principal Assistant Secretary, Ministry of Local Government,
Uganda
Desai, James,
Consultant, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany Emmanuel, Emielu,
Managing Partner, Oil & Gas Soft Skills Ltd., Nigeria
Diakhate, Ibrahima,
Coordinnateur National, SENALUMNI Senegal, Senegal Engel, Denise,
Consultant, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Diop, Ibra,
Inspecteur de Specialite en Mecanique Moteurs, Ministere de Ennin, Emelia,
I’Enseignement Technique et de la Formation Professionnelle, Ghana
Senegal
Faboure, Ismaila,
Djodi, Claude, Chef de parc automobile, Industrie, Senegal
Conseiller Technique Intercommualite GTZ Benin, PDD/GTZ BENIN,
Benin Fikadu, Tura,
Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation, Adama City
Dogbe, Adjoa, Adminstration,Labor and Social Affairs, Ethiopia
Responsible de la gestion des Credits, Mutuelle des Universités du Togo
(MUTO), Togo Funke, Jeanette,
Head of Division, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Dolphyne, Joseph Appiah,
Africa Interactive Gakiria, Nderitu Andrew,
National Coordinator, Kenya E-Learning Centre, Kenya

48
Gbetchedji, Tikry, Gueye, Moussa,
Assistante du Coordonnateur, Programme National Contre la Expert Indepent, Senegal
Tuberculose (PNT), Benin
Gumboh, Stephen,
Gbla, Osman, Deputy Director, Ministry of Finance and National Planning,
Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, Fourah Bay College, Zambia
University of Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone
Gyamfi, Sylvester,
Getuno, Daniel Makini, Ghana
Senior Lecturer, E-Learning, Kenya Institute of Administration,
Kenya Gympho, Emmanuel,
CEO, Cold-weld Engineering Services Ltd., Ghana
Gifty, Ayisi,
Executive Assistant, Vistalux Ltd., Ghana Halifax, Ansah-Addo,
Ghana
Gitonga, Angelo Kiogora,
Senior Adult Education Officer, Ministry of Education, Kenya Hangula, Abraham,
Project Coordinator, Desert Research Foundation of Namibia,
Gnacadja, Constant, Namibia
Zonal Coordinator Early Warning and Early Responses for Zone IV
Benin – Nigeria and Togo, WANEP, Benin Hassane, Moumouni,
Responsable Communal de Council, Consortium d’ONG AROP-
Godden, Zini, GYARA, Niger
Locati-LED program manager, trainer, facilitator, InWEnt gGmbH,
South Africa Hauff, Volker,
Chairman, Council on Sustainable Development of the German
Godzo, Amah Kafui, Government, Germany
Agent de terrain (Agent du développement communataire), ADRA-
TOGO, Togo Iboula Ngangeli, Isabelle,
Ambassadeur, Ambassador of Benin in the DR Congo, Benin
Gouede, Nicholas,
Programme Specialist, United Nations Development Programme Igwe Uche, Anthony Jude,
(UNDP), USA Civil Society Team, Nigeria Executive Industries Transparency
Initiative (NEITI), Nigeria
Goutan, Gountan Andre,
Chef de Zone de la commune de Toece, Direction provincial de Iieka, Helvi,
I’agriculture de I’hydraulique et des resources halieutiques du Manager, Technical Advisor, Solar Age Namibian, Namibia
Bazega, Burkina Faso
Ijandipe, Adeola,
Greubel, Garth, Programme Coordinator/Principal Partner, Society for
Bourse Consult, Bond Exchange of South Africa, South Africa International Development/Adeola Ijandipe & Co., Nigeria

Grobler, Anna-Maria, Ilboudo, Patrice William,

Program Manager Sustainable Economic Development SADC, General Manager, ISOMET sarl, Burkina Faso
InWEnt gGmbH, South Africa

49
Iro, Godwin, Statistician, Katongo, Peter,
National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria Acting Senior Health Inspector, Kitwe City Council, Zambia

Jebauer-Nirschl, Lydia, Kaziputa, Ken Ndala,

Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany Lecturer, University of Malawi, Malawi

Jeje, Mufutau Adeyemi, Keighley, Roger,

Senior Scientific Officer, Lagos State Ministry of the Environment, CEO, ShoreBank International Ltd., South Africa
Nigeria
Keita, Alioune,
Johnson, Sackie G., Coordinateur Pole Education et Formation, Enda Graf Sahel,
CEO, Quality Engineering & Standard Technology Inc. (QUEST), Senegal
Liberia
Kibinge, Michael,
Kaggwa, Roland, Global Development Alliance (GDA) Advisor, USAID/East Africa,
Environmental Economist, National Environment Management Kenya
Authority (NEMA), Uganda
Kisa, Nkhoma,
Kaieye, Gideon, Director, 3s Distributions, Malawi
Pan African Plan Project
Kiskaye, Rosemary,
Kamara, Foday M., Senior Communications Officer, Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS),
President, Association of Liberian Construction Contractors (ALCC), Uganda
Liberia
Kizito, Stephen Deusdedit,
Kamga, Deputy Country Director, Trade Africa Network-Tanzania Ltd.,
Chef service regional des Forets du Centre, Ministère de Forets et de Tanzania
la Faune, Cameroun
Knecht, Klaus,
Kanamugire, Clement, Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
InWEnt Programme Participant, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ruanda
Kojo, Ansah,
Kanjadza, Lillian, CEO, Vistalux Ltd., Ghana
Programme Officer/Deputy Executive Director/ILO Project
Coordinator, Employers Consultative Association of Malawi Kougliazonde, C. Christophe,
(ECAM), Malawi Professeur Assistant de Sciences Politiques et de Droit Public,
Academie Alioune Blondin Beye pour la Paix (ABBAP), Benin
Kanyika, Stephen Spencer Robert Mwayibale,
Managing Director, Vianors Businessland, Malawi Kruger, Vannessa,
Independent Consultant, Pears Trust, South Africa
Kass, Nassirou,
Chef du Service de la Planification et de I’Amenagement du Kuhn, Raphaela,
Territoire, Prefectecture de Natitingou, Benin Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany

50
Kumpolota, Anderson Golden, Mashila, Londani,
Assistant Project Manager, CARE Malawi, Malawi Specialist-Business Analyst/Strategy, ChemCity (a Sasol Group
Company), South Africa
Lahami, Sanata Elisabeth,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Benin, Maunganidze, Itayi Gladman,
Corporate Account Relationship Manager, Kingdom Bank,
Lange, Claudia, Zimbabwe
Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Mbango, Tusnelde Tonata,
Larbi-Akor, Justice, Business Systems Analyst, Telecom Namibia, Namibia
ICT Consultant, Info DICESION System Ltd., Ghana
Mbolo, Chargee de Cours,
Lins, Jose Pedro, Université de Yaounde Faculté des Sciences, Cameroun,
CEO, FIX-CS (Sustainable Competitiveness), Brazil
Metuh, Pascal Ifeanyi,
Lubemba, James, Technical Assistant to Regional Manager (W/A), African Business
Environmental Specialist, International Finance Cooperation Roundtable, Nigeria

Lubilo, Rodgers, Mfaume, Zuberi Yahaya,

Chairperson, Association of Zambia Alumni of German (AZAG),
Zambia
Lucchini, Vittorio,
Assistant Director-E-Learning, E-Learning Centre, South Africa
Managing Director, Digital Link (T) Ltd., Tanzania
Mindja, Jeanne Marie,
Directrice, Groupe des amis de l’UNESCO et de l’environnement
“GRAMUE”, Cameroun

Lukele, Puseletso Nomathamsanqa Dahlia, Mingle, Edmund,

Chief Operations, Businesswomen’s Association, South Africa Ghana

Lule, Julius, Mintah, Timthy Frimpong,

Technical Director, Web Biz Africa Ltd., Uganda Project Director, Jo-Mint Associates Ltd., Ghana

Luyima, Eddie, Mmunyane, Mogapi,

Managing Director, Eco & Partner Consult Ltd., Uganda Responsible for Renewable Energies and other Energy Sources, Rural
Industries Promotion Company (Botswana) – RIPCO (B), Research
Mabuza, Donald Dumisani, and Development Department, Botswana
Managing Director, Sinethemba Management Consultants,
South Africa Mndaweni, Musawenkosi,
IMS Manager, Transnet, South Africa
Madevu, Dominic,
Budget Officer, Ministry of Finance, Malawi Morule, Lerumo Cedric Cyphus,
Senior Manager, Department of Coperative Governance and
Mahlangu, Jack Mazo, Traditional Affairs, South Africa
Training Manager, The Business Skills for South Africa (BSSA),
South Africa Mouton, Michaelangelo Maxwell,
Committee Member, eLC Namibia, Namibia

51
Mowlam, Michael, Mwamlima, Job Stranger Dick,
Consultant, Moderator, Inspiris Ltd., Great Britain Senior Budget Officer Headquarters, Ministry of Education,
Malawi
Mpando, Buxton Raphael,
Commissioner, Teaching Service Commision, Ministry of Education, Mwiko, Chileshe,
Malawi Acting Chief health Inspector, Kitwe City Council, Zambia

Mphande, Peter, Nahgwa, Rebecca Ogbimi,

National Treasurer, Small Scale Industry Association of Zambia, Zonal Programmes Officer, Health Reform Foundation of Nigeria,
Zambia Nigeria

Mpofu, Unami Teressa, Narayanan, Sreenivas,

Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Zimbabwe
Mpolokeng, Keobakile Judith,
Account Executive, Business Connexion, South Africa
Mumba, Martin Lombe,
Station Manager, Road Transport and Safety Agency, Zambia
Managing Director, Asia Society for Social Improvement and
Sustainable Transformation & Environmental Compliance
Consultants International, Philippinen
Ndei, Lorna Wambui,
‘Afrika kommt’ – International Leadership Training Program
Participant, InWEnt gGmbH, Kenya

Mundi, Antonia, Ndovie, Towela,

Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany Senior Export Coordinator, Alliance one, Malawi

Muntaka, Hafiz Mohammed, Nett, Dorothe,

Ag. National Network Coordinator, Ghana Network for Regional Coordinator East-, West and Central Africa,
Peacebuilding GHANEP, Ghana InWEnt gGmbH, Germany

Musa, Alimatu, Ngatse, Denis,

Statistics Sierra Leone, Ministry of Social Welfare, Gender and Chef de Bureau des Techniques de Transformation du Bois,
Statistics, Sierra Leone Ministère de L’Economie Ferestière, Congo

Musamali, Alfred Geresom, Nkonde, Paka,

Senior Information Officer/Editor, Uganda Bureau of Statistics
(UBOS), Uganda
Musoko, Chipo,
Editor InWEnt SADC Newsflash, InWEnt gGmbH, Zimbabwe
Mutalange, Martha Mutalange,
Senior Health Inspector, Kitwe City Council, Zambia
Mvalo, Suzgika Walters,
Executive Secretary, African Agenda for Peace Initiatives and
Conflict Management (AAPICOM), Zambia
Health Inspector, Kitwe City Council, Zambia
Obore, Bingo Gideon,
Desk Officer for Asia and Far East, Bilaterals, GOSS, Ministry of
Regional Cooperation, Government of Southern Sudan, Juba,
Sudan
Ochieng, Francis Xavier,
PhD student in the area of wind energy resource assessment for
countries in Sub-Sahara Africa; energy lecturer/research fellow.,
Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IEET) of
the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
(JKUAT) in Kenya, Kenya

52
Ofili, Emeka Godwin, Paulus, Rosina,
Higher Statistical Officer, National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria MM Technician, NAMCOL, Namibia

Ohene, Akoto, Peprah, Peter Peprah,

Country Director, Jatropha Africa, Ghana Ghana

Okoth, Angela Awuor, Perruque, Matias Albino,

‘Afrika kommt’ – International Leadership Training Program President of the Municipal Assembly of Xia-xia City, Provincial
Participant, InWEnt gGmbH, Kenya Head Office of Education and Culture/Gaza & Municipal Assembly
of Xia-xia/Gaza, Mozambique
Olagunju, Kehinde Julius,
Higher Statistical Officer, National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria Petrie, Belynda,
OneWorld Sustainable, South Africa
Oloyede, Saka Muslim,
Scientific Officer, Oyo State Ministry of the Environment, Nigeria Rabiou, Ibrahim,
Responsable de componente, DED-PPOL-Niamey, Niger
Onderi, Vicky Nyaboke,
Environment Officer, National Environment Management Authority Raji, Oluwaseun,
(NEMA), Kenya Senior Town Planning Officer, Oyo State Urban & Regional
Planning Board, Ministry of Environment, Nigeria
Osei-Antoh, Philip,
Deputy Director (Training) N/A, Management Development and Ramalho, Luiz,
Productivity Institute, Ghana Director, Sustainable Business Development in Industrialised and
Transition Countries, InWEnt – Capacity Building International,
Otchi, Angela Yaa Amponsah, Germany
Ghana
Rathjen, Annette,
Ouedraogo, Issa, Director, Planning and Monitoring
CEO, B-BOVID Ltd., Ghana InWEnt – Capacity Building International, Germany

Owono, Daniel Nonor, Rengura, Kakuni Sevelinus,

Ghana Regional Education Planner, Ministry of Education, Namibia

Pa’ah, Patrice Andre, Sacknieß, Lutz,

Secretaire Executive du Director General, Foret Modele du Dja et Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Mpono/Coopera Agro Forestière Trinationale, Cameroun
Sagna, Augustin,
Head of Bureau, ECOWAS, Benin
Paliwal, Udai Lal,
Senior Lecturer, University of Namibia, India Sague, Maria,
Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Paré, Lassina, Saingbe, II, G. David,
Head of the Department of Informations and Dissemination, Program Manager (Liberia Program), InWEnt gGmbH, Liberia
National of Statistics and Demography, Burkina Faso

53
Salu, Emmanuel, Sokoyi, Nomvuyo Patricia,
Chair, Alumni Association Ghana, Ghana Deputy Director, Department of Public Service and Administration,
South Africa
Savadogo Teeg-Wende, Barthelemy,
Chargée de Programme, ONG Zood-Noma, Burkina Faso Sonwa, Denis Jane,
Scientist, Centre for International Forestry Research, Cameroun
Schleich, Bernd,
Managing Director, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany Sounan, Mamah Melainie,
Chargée d’ Etudes, AGEFOP (Agence Nationalela Formation
Schneider, Jens, Professionnelle), Cote D’Ivoire
Chairperson, NOLNet eLC, Namibia
Spengler, Laurie,
Sedogognon, Ouinsavi Gisele Ursule, President, ShoreBank International Ltd., USA
Coordonnatrice du groupement féminins du SCDIH, Directrice
Adjointe de fermes diocésaine et Chargée du micro credit au Stoltenkamp, Juliet,
SCDIH, Service de la Charité pour le Développement Integral de E-Learning Manager, University of the Western Cape, South Africa
l’Homme (SCDIH), Benin
Striewe, Elke Antonie,
Sembio, Tovor Attiogbe, Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany
Analyste-Conseiller Responsable Du Suivi Des Formations, CERAD
INTERNATIONAL, Togo Subramoney, Stanley,
Deputy Chief Executive Officer, PricewaterhouseCoopers,
Seynabou, Ba, South Africa
Consultant, World Bank Institute, USA
Sunkutu, Edmund Mwamba Sunkutu,
Shimwefeleni, Gottieb Hamutwe, Head of Exports and Packhouse, Yorkfarm Ltd., Zambia
Chief Technical Advisor, Namibian Renewable Energy Programme –
NAMREP, Namibia Tchokosso Happi, Caroline Celine,
Responsable Certification et Relation Institutionnelle, Groupe
Sihova, Rose-Mary Nehova, Alpicam, Cameroun
CEO, Planet Rose Trading Enterprises, Namibia
Terlau, Wiltrud,
Simons, Bright, Hochschule Bonn Rhein/Sieg, Germany
Director of Development Research, IMANI Center for Policy &
Education, Ghana Teshale, Wudalat Gedamu,
Head, Public Relations and Data Dissermination, Central
Simpukile, Shupa Sialimo, Statistical Agency, Ethiopia, Ethiopia
Marketing Executive, Vilpassons multimarketing Zambia Ltd.,
Zambia Tuaunda, Terence Keeja,
Acting Director – Planning and Development, Ministry of
Siwale, Mukope Jonah, Education, Namibia
Environmental Health Officer, Kitwe City Council, Zambia
Turay, Abu Bakarr,
Statistician, Economic Statistics Division, Sierra Leone

54
Uwagbae, Michael, Zoa Ngoyene, Mireille Sylvie Odile,
Project Manager, Niger Delta Wetlands Center, Nigeria Focal Point, (SRAFM) Secrétariat du Reseau Africain du Forêt
Modèles, Cameroun
Vahle, Aneesha,
Alumni Coordinator, InWEnt gGmbH, South Africa Zongo, Ousmane,
Chef de service des Amenangement et de la Production Agricole
van der Merwe, Adele Caroline, (SAPA), Direction provincial de I’agriculture du Sammatenga
Managing Director, Blueprint Future Skills Development, (DPA), Burkina Faso
South Africa
Zulu, Munyeka Lilian,
Vangari, Gacoka Eunice, Centre Coordinator, Centre for Energy, CEEEZ, Zambia
Assistant Director-E-Learning, Kenya Institute of Education, Kenya
Zwane, Kgomotso Regina,
Vurugu, Ashey, Director, Mclntosh Xaba & Associates, South Africa
Executive Director, Worldwide Partners Trust (WOPA), Tanzania

Wairoukoye, Tao Goulah,

Chef de la componente Gouvernance locale, GTZ/PRODALKA,
Chad

Wauschkuhn, Markus,
Senior Project Manager, InWEnt gGmbH, Germany

Williams, Irving Charles,

Manager-Materials Production, NAMCOL, Namibia

Winkler, Hans-Christian,
Deputy Head of Mission, German Embassy in Accra, Ghana

Woods, II, Philip E.P.,

President, Federation of Building Trade Association of Liberia
(FEBUTAL), Liberia

Yelwa, Maryam Ummul-Khairi,

Lecturer 1, F.U.T Minna, Nigeria

Youssouf, Mamoudou,
Charge de Programme Prospective, Direction Nationale de la
Planification du Développement (DNPD), Mali

Zekeri, Elvis Dauda,

President, Renewable Energy Ass. Of Nigeria, Nigeria

55
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Endnotes
1 Stern (2009). 46 http://www.afd.fr/jahia/Jahia/site/afd/lang/en/pid/23601
2 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/supporting-the- 47 de Gouvello, Christope, Dayo, Felix B., Thioye, Massamba, 2008.
private-sector Low-Carbon Energy Projects for Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, p XV
3 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/renewing-africas- 48 de Gouvello, Christope, Dayo, Felix B., Thioye, Massamba, 2008.
competitive Low-Carbon Energy Projects for Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, p XVII
4 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8019942.stm 49 Ceres, February 2009. Water Scarcity and Climate Change:
5 http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/ Growing Risks for Businesses and Investors, p 29
EXTMOVOUTPOV/0,,contentMDK:20780967~pagePK:210058~piPK:21006 50 http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/presscenter/viewpoints_
2~print:Y~theSitePK:2104396,00.html isdell_wwf.html
6 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/the-global-economic- 51 http://www.climatechangecorp.com/content.asp?ContentID=5284
crisis-and 52 http://www.climatebiz.com/news/2009/04/14/renewables-and-efficiency-
7 http://publications.oxfam.org.uk/oxfam/display.asp?isbn=0855985666 fuel-timberland per centEe2 per cent80 per cent99s-climate-strategy
8 http://www.doingbusiness.org/features/Highlights2010.aspx 53 InWEnt Capacity Building International, Business Engagement for
9 InWEnt – Capacity Building International – Train for Trade, Governance – Report of the 12th International Business Forum 2007, p.24-25.
http://www.inwent.org/train4trade 54 CDP, 2008. Carbon Disclosure Project, South African Report , p 78
10 ttp://www.sabmiller.com/index.asp?pageid=149&newsid=973 55 http://www.unglobalcompact.org/Issues/Business_Partnerships/Private_
11 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/euan-wilmshurst- Sector_Forum_2009.html
cocacola 56 Statement from Africa Partnership Forum’s Special session on
12 http://bcta-initiative.org/ Climate Change
13 http://www.icfafrica.org/ 57 DFID White Paper(2009: 50)
14 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/building-the- 58 http://en.cop15.dk/
foundations-of 59 http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/cop_15/application/pdf/cop15_cph_auv.pdf
15 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/the-challenges-and 60 http://www.usclimatenetwork.org/policy/copenhagen-accord-commitments
16 http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/profiles/blogs/the-impact-of- 61 World Bank World Development Report 2010 Climate and Development
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