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Laboratory Exercise 001

Question 1

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A psychologist conducted an experiment to test the hypothesis that individuals

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embedded in their in-group culture would be less likely to help a stranger. College

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students were recruited to respond to a brief survey about their campus experience

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near the entrance to the student activity center. The first testing session took place
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early in the semester. To activate identification with their university (embeddedness),
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these participants were given a clipboard and asked to write down three things they
like about their university. Twenty students were tested. The second testing session
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took place on two afternoons during the last week of classes at the same location. In
this control condition (low-embedded situation), twenty new students were asked to
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write down three things they plan to do during break.

In each condition, immediately after each participant returned the clipboard to the
psychologist, a student research assistant, wearing a sweatshirt with the name of a
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rival school, walked by the pair and accidentally dropped a file containing papers near
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the participant. The psychologist recorded whether the participant helped pick up the
papers. Results indicated that, as predicted, participants in the embedded condition
were less likely to help than participants in the control condition. The psychologist
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concluded that identification with an in-group (embeddedness) causes people to offer

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less help to a stranger.

Select a way in which the experiment could be done so the psychologist could
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make a clear conclusion about the effect of identification with an in-group

(embeddedness) and helping a stranger.

Select one:

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 a. The survey should be conducted in a setting that is sterile and free of other

stimulations
b. The psychologist should conduct the experiment during a single time period,

such as the end of the semester.

c. Provide an orientation on how the researchers defined the word embeddedness

means

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Question 2

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Question text
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Playing violent video games causes people to be more aggressive compared to

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watching violence passively on television

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What ethical consideration should the researchers take into account as they exposed
their participants with violent televisions or video games.

Select one:
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a. The researchers should also expose themselves to the violent television shows

and violent games so they can empathize with their participants

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 b. The researchers should provide fair compensation for the participants’ time and

participation in the study.

c. The researchers should make sure that they acknowledge the participation and

contribution to the study by sharing their names for recognition.

d. The researchers should ensure that the participants have no long-term

psychological and emotional damage.

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Question 3

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Question text

Based on the experiment below identify the Dependent and Independent

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Variables.
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A psychologist was interested in the effect of food deprivation on motor activity. She
assigned each of 60 rats to one of four conditions differing in the length of time for
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which the animals were deprived of food: 0 hours, 8 hours, 16 hours, 24 hours. She
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then measured the amount of time the animals spent in the activity wheel in their
cages.
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Answer 1
DEPENDENT VARIABLE: Time (e.g., in minutes) animals spent in activity w heel

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 INDEPENDENT Answer 2
VARIABLE: Hours of food deprivation w ith four levels (0,8,16,24)

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Question 4

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Question text
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Playing violent video games causes people to be more aggressive compared to

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watching violence passively on television

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What are the different ways you can determine if people acted in an aggressive
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manner after exposure to violence? Choose the statement that is INCORRECT.

Select one:
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a. A good first step is to use measures that other investigators have used; that way,
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you can compare the results of your study with previous results.
b. Use a rating scale to measure the level of aggression through observation
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c. Ask people to indicate how they would respond to hypothetical situations

involving anger, or observing how they respond to experimenters following exposure

to violence.

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 d. Ask the participants to recall experiences of violence they had experienced from

other people.

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Question 5

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Question text

Playing violent video games causes people to be more aggressive compared to

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watching violence passively on television

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How can you test this hypothesis?

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Select one:
a. Have two participants, let one group play with violent games while another
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group would watch violence them while playing

b. Have two participants, let one group watch violence on the television while
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asking them to copy the actions while another group play violent games
c. Have two participants, let one group paly with violent games while another
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group would watch violence in the television

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 Correct
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Question 6

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Question text

m
er as
A psychologist conducted an experiment to test the hypothesis that individuals

co
eH w
embedded in their in-group culture would be less likely to help a stranger. College
students were recruited to respond to a brief survey about their campus experience

o.
near the entrance to the student activity center. The first testing session took place
rs e
ou urc
early in the semester. To activate identification with their university (embeddedness),
these participants were given a clipboard and asked to write down three things they
like about their university. Twenty students were tested. The second testing session
o

took place on two afternoons during the last week of classes at the same location. In
aC s

this control condition (low-embedded situation), twenty new students were asked to
vi y re

write down three things they plan to do during break.

In each condition, immediately after each participant returned the clipboard to the
ed d

psychologist, a student research assistant, wearing a sweatshirt with the name of a

rival school, walked by the pair and accidentally dropped a file containing papers near
ar stu

the participant. The psychologist recorded whether the participant helped pick up the
papers. Results indicated that, as predicted, participants in the embedded condition
were less likely to help than participants in the control condition. The psychologist
is

concluded that identification with an in-group (embeddedness) causes people to offer

Th

less help to a stranger.

Identify the independent and dependent variable of the study

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DEPENDENT Answer 1
VARIABLE Helping, measured by w hether each participant helped to pick up papers.

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 INDEPENDENT Answer 2
VARIABLE Time of the study (afternoon) and the place (activity center)

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Question 7

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Question text

A psychologist conducted an experiment to test the hypothesis that individuals

o

embedded in their in-group culture would be less likely to help a stranger. College
aC s

students were recruited to respond to a brief survey about their campus experience
vi y re

near the entrance to the student activity center. The first testing session took place
early in the semester. To activate identification with their university (embeddedness),
these participants were given a clipboard and asked to write down three things they
ed d

like about their university. Twenty students were tested. The second testing session
ar stu

took place on two afternoons during the last week of classes at the same location. In
this control condition (low-embedded situation), twenty new students were asked to
write down three things they plan to do during break.
is

In each condition, immediately after each participant returned the clipboard to the
Th

psychologist, a student research assistant, wearing a sweatshirt with the name of a

rival school, walked by the pair and accidentally dropped a file containing papers near
the participant. The psychologist recorded whether the participant helped pick up the
sh

papers. Results indicated that, as predicted, participants in the embedded condition

were less likely to help than participants in the control condition. The psychologist
concluded that identification with an in-group (embeddedness) causes people to offer
less help to a stranger.

This study source was downloaded by 100000764368964 from CourseHero.com on 04-09-2021 17:01:20 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/36909402/Laboratory-Exercise-001docx/
 How did the confounding incident happened in this research?

Select one:
a. A student research assistant, wearing a sweatshirt with the name of a rival

school, walked by the pair and accidentally dropped a file containing papers near the
participant.
b. Some participants in the embedded condition were tested early in the semester

and all the participants in the control condition were tested during the last week.
c. College students were recruited to respond to a brief survey about their campus

experience near the entrance to the student activity center.

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Question 8

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Question text
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Playing violent video games causes people to be more aggressive compared to

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watching violence passively on television

Choose the three additional factors would you have to consider to make sure
that exposure to violence, not some other factor, was the important factor? There are
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three correct answers

Select one or more:

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 a. Before the study the participants should know that study would be able to

reflect their penchant for aggressive and violent behavior

b. Some people are naturally more aggressive to begin with. It is importance to

know this prior to the study.

c. Make sure that the participants in the two groups -– television vs. video game—

are similar in every way except for television or video game exposure.
d. Ensure that the length of time and level of violence they are exposed to are

similar in each group.

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