Radiography 50 Question Quiz

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X-rays and Gamma rays are often referred to as photons

1 because:

They possess a charge

They have mass

They occur as small packets of energy

None of the above

Attenuation of radiation is due to:

2
Absorption

Scattering

Radioactive decay

Both A and B

Which of the following is not a strength of radiographic

3 inspection?

It is not limited to material type

 It can be used to inspect assembled components

It can detect surface and subsurface features

Access to both side of the test sample is required

The rate at which a radioactive isotope changes to a more stable

4 atom is know as the:

Isotope decay rate

Half-life

Activity

Attenuation

Undercut is the loss of resolution at a sharp, thickness transition

5 area due to:

Scattering within the part

Backscatter

Sidescatter

Scattering within the film

Stationary lab or shop X-ray systems usually rely on what to

6 limit exposure to the radiation?�

Distance controls

Time limits

Shielding
 All of the above

X-rays and Gamma rays present a health risk because they are a
7 form of ionizing radiation, which means that the radiation has
enough energy to:

Vibrate water molecules and generate heat

Break chemical bonds

Break physical bonds

None of the above

X-rays and Gamma rays have significant penetrating power due

8 to their:

Short wavelength

Medium wavelength

Long wavelength

Wide range of wavelengths

Newtons Inverse Square Law is useful in radiography because it

9 indicates how the radiation intensity is affected by:

Radioactive decay

Distance from the source

The size of the source

None of the above

X-rays and Gamma rays are a form of:

10
Light

Particle radiation

Electromagnetic radiation

Both B and C

Ionizing radiation can be used in industrial radiography because

11 the health hazards:

Have been eliminated with controls and procedures

Are minimized through controls and procedures

Are worth the risk

Are being ignored

X-rays and Gamma rays:

12
Always travel in a straight line

Can be influenced by an electrical field

Can be influenced by a magnetic field

None of the above

X-ray generators produce radiation through:

13
Bremsstrahlung processes

K-shell emmission processes

Radioactive decay
 Both A and B

X-rays and Gamma rays:

14
Are both affected by radioactive decay

Are both produced by a radioactive atom

Have completely different properties

Differ only in their source

There are four types of radiation-matter interactions that can

15 contribute to the total attenuation. These are:

Compton scattering, pair production, photoelectric absorption,

rayleigh scattering

Compton scattering, electron exchange, photoelectric absorption,

rayleigh scattering

Electron exchange, pair production, photoelectric absorption,

rayleigh scattering

None of the above

Radiographic contrast describe:

16
The sharpness of lines in a radiograph

The differences in photographic density in a radiograph

The average photographic density in a radiograph

The difference in density between two different radiographs

 When penetrating radiation is directed at a material, the
17 radiation intensity decreases:

Decreases exponentially with increasing material thickness

Increase linearly with increasing material thickness

Decrease linearly with increasing material thickness

None of the above

Which two types of radiation-matter interactions account for the

18 majority of attenuation in typical industrial radiography?

Compton Scattering and photoelectric absorption

Compton Scattering and pair production

Pair production and photoelectric absorption

None of the above

In comparison with lower-voltage radiographs, high voltage

19 radiographic images have:

Less contrast sensitivity

Greater contrast sensitivity

Greater amounts of scatter radiation relative to primary beam

intensity

Less latitude

The number of X-ray or Gamma photons that are transmitted

20 through a material depends on the:
 Energy of the photons

Thickness of the material

Atomic number of the material

All of the above

The amount of geometric unsharpness in a radiograph is

21 affected by:

The source to film distance

The source to object distance

The size of the source

All of the above

The drive cable of a gamma ray exposure device (camera) allows

22 the radiographer to:

Turn on and shut off the gamma rays from a safe distance

Adjust the position of the camera from a safe distance

Move the source in and out of the camera while maintaining a

safe distance

None of the above

Higher energy radiation will have more:

23
Speed

Incident Intensity
 Penetrating power

Both B and C

A specific radioactive source will always produce gamma rays at

24 the same:

Intensity

Activity

Energy levels

None of the above

The thickness of any given material where 50% of the incident

25 energy has been attenuated is known as the:

Half-value layer

Linear attenuation coefficient

Decay rate

Mass attenuation coefficient

Bremsstrahlung production of X-rays produces radiation that is

26 composed of:

A small number of very defined energies

A continuous spectrum of energies over some range

Radiation of only one energy

None of the above

 The main advantage of real-time radiography over film is:
27
Higher image contrast sensitivity

Inspection can be performed more rapidly

Higher image definition

Lower equipment costs

Manmade sources of radioactive sources are produced by:

28
By splitting the nucleus of atoms in the source material

Adding electrons to the source material

Introducing an extra neutron to the atoms of the source material

None of the above

The factor that indicates how much attenuation will take place
29 per centimeter is known as the:

Mass attenuation coefficient

Linear attenuation coefficient

Decay rate

Atomic number

Which of the following does not affect radiographic contrast?

30
Attenuation differences in the component being inspected

The wavelength of the radiaiton used

The amount of scattered radiation

 The level of current used for the exposure

Exposure to ionizing radiation can be limited:

31
With the use of shielding

By increasing distance form the source

By limiting the time exposed to the radiaiton

All of the above

After traveling through two half-value layers, the incident

32 radiation has been reduced to:

50%

35%

20%

None of the above

Two of the more common industrial Gamma-ray sources are:

33
Cobalt-60 and iridium-192

Cobalt-60 and plutonium-240

Plutonium-240 and uranium-222

Iridium-192 and Lead-102

When flaws are in unknown locations, radiography is best suited

34 for the detection of:
 Volumetric defects such as porosity

Tight linear defects such as cracks

Material delaminations

The flaw type does not matter

Film contrast is determined by:

35
The type of film used

The process by which the film was developed

The radiation energy used

Both A and B

Lowering the energy of the radiation used to produce a

36 radiograph will generally result in:

Less latitude

Higher contrast sensitivity

A Longer exposure time

All of the above

Image quality indicators (IQIs) provide information about the

37 level of:

Resolution and contrast sensitivity

Resolution and film latitude

Contrast sensitivity and latitude

 Contrast sensitivity only

When using geometric magnefication to produce a radiograph,

38 the penumbra will be reduced by:

A longer exposure

A faster film speed

A smaller source spot size

More X-ray energy

Unexposed X-ray film is comprised of a plastic, transparent base

39 coated with an emulsion containing radiation-sensitive particle
known as:

Metalic silver crystals

Silver halide grains

Both A and B

Neither A or B

On a film radiograph, an area of high density in the test

40 component will appear:

Lighter than the surrounding area

Darker than the surrounding area

More defined than the surrounding area

Less defined than the sorrounding area

Thin sheets of lead foil in contact with the film during exposure
41
increase the film density because:

They act as a filter to harden the radiation beam

They reduce the amount of scatter radiation

Incident radiation liberates electrons which help to expose the

film

None of the above

A radiograph made with an exposure of 8 mAm produces a

42 density of 1.8. The sensitometric curve shows a difference in
relative exposure between a density of 1.8 and the target density
of 2.5 is 4. What must the new exposure time be to produce a
radiograph with a density of 2.5?

4 mAminutes

2 mAminutes

32 mAminutes

None of the above

Image quality indicators are usually placed:

43
Anywhere on the back side of the film

On the front side of the film near the primary area of interest

On the front side of the test component in an area of similar

thickness to the primary area of interest

On the back side of the test component in the area of interest

Radiographic inspection should be used for crack detection only

44 when:
 The crack is large

The test componet is a casting

The test component is a weldment

The orientation of the crack is known

Computed tomography X-ray techniques allow the test

45 component to be:

Viewed in various cross-sectional slices

Viewed from different angles

Analyzed for chemical composition

None of the above

The target of an X-ray tube is often made out of tungsten

46 becuase:

It has a high atomic mass which will result in more X-rays being
generated due to atomic particle interactions

It is an inexpensive material that is easy to machine

It have very high thermal conductivity which makes it easy to

cool

None of the above

Who is given credit for the discovery of radioactive materials?

47
Henri Becquerel

Wilhelm Roentgen
 Marie Curie

Pierre Curie

Radiation beam filters are sometime used in X-ray radiography

48 to:

Remove some of the low energy radiation to increase definition

To remove some of the low energy radiation to increase contrast

sensitivity

Remove some of the low energy radiation to reduce definition

Both A and B

Collimators are used to:

49
Reduce the radiation beam spread

Filter the radiation beam

Increase film latitude

Decrease film latitude

Who is given credit for the discovery of X-ray?

50
Henri Becquerel

Wilhelm Roentgen

Marie Curie

Pierre Curie
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