MAE 338 Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer

Lab

LAB 5: VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT LAB

Author: Joseph Montroy

Date: 11/22/2010 9:43 AM Lab Section: L1 – Monday 8-11 AM

Lab Section:1
Joseph Montroy
Lab Time:M 8:00
E-mail: montroy2@buffalo.edu

Viscosity Measurement Lab

INTRODUCTION
Objectives:
Motivations:

BACKGROUND AND THEORY

……(1).

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
 ..
..
..
..
.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Report Item #1:

 Force diagram of vertical liquid column

o In this case of fully developed laminar flow, the no slip condition

applies.

o The height in the cup is much smaller than the length of the
tube; therefore, the pressure rise at the inlet of the tube can be
neglected.

 Force Balance Equation:

(fully developed flow assumption)

∑ F=ma=0=viscous shear surface force −gravity body force =0

 τ w =mg
where Q=u ave∗π∗R2
 ..
.. 1
.. uave = ∗u ………… ( for circular pipes)
.. 2 max
. du
=2∗umax / R
dr (@ r=R )
Q=volume measured /time measured
 τ w =mg
μ∗du
 =m∗g
dr (@ r=R )
2∗u max
 μ∗( )=m∗g
R
 μ=m∗g∗R /(2∗umax )

Report Item #2: Table of calculated viscosities

Using the force balance equation from Report Item #1, measured quantities, and
setup information including inner pipe diameter, the viscosities of each pure liquid
are:
water
volume Viscosity (N-
Tot mass(kg) time(s) mass(kg) (L) Q(L/s) u ave(m/s) u max(m/s) du/dr s/m^2)
0.0037
0.1264 21.57 0.0812 0.080 1 1013.112058 2026.22412 938501.2 0.000212193
0.0039
0.1252 20.44 0.08 0.081 6 1082.484708 2164.96942 1002765 0.000195659
0.0036
0.1243 21.47 0.0791 0.078 3 992.385022 1984.77004 919300.6 0.000211022
0.0039
0.1213 19.31 0.0761 0.076 4 1075.100246 2150.20049 995924.3 0.000187399
0.0037
0.1225 20.97 0.0773 0.079 7 1029.073284 2058.14657 953287 0.000198868
 
glycol  
volume u max Viscosity (N-
Tot mass(kg) time (s) mass (kg) (L) Q(L/s) U ave(m/s) (m/s) du/dr s/m^2)
0.0006
0.1295 113.4 0.0843 0.075 6 180.6615997 361.323199 167356.7 0.00123536
 
glycerine  
volume u max Viscosity (N-
Tot mass(kg) time (s) mass (kg) (L) Q(L/s) U ave(m/s) (m/s) du/dr s/m^2)
0.1457 2235 0.0982 0.079 3.5E-05 5.010038269 10.0200765 3343.146 0.072038588

Report Item #3: Mystery mixture liquid

 My following are the formulas and calculated values for the mixture densities and
the unknown substance densities:
 ..
..
ρ . .+ρ
= .
2.
water unknown
ρmixture
. 2
ρunknown=2∗ρmixture −ρ water
Where the mixture density was calculated by experimentally measured data of
mass and volume:
mass ( kg )
∗1000 ( L )
volume ( L )
ρmixture = 3
m

mixture unknown
density(kg/m^3 density(kg/m^3
) )
1067.088608 1136.177215
1060.240964 1122.481928
1042.857143 1087.714286

 The following are the calculated densities of the pure substances and the
corresponding formula:
ρ glycol =1124 kg/m 3
ρ glycerine=1243 kg /m3
 A comparison of my calculated densities of the pure substances and the
unknown substance indicates that the density of the unknown substance is
closest to the density of Glycol.

 Viscosity of mixture:
mystery: gly.+water
time volume u max Visc (N-
Tot mass(kg) (s) mass (kg) (L) Q(L/s) uave(m/s) (m/s) du/dr s/m^2)
0.0027
0.1295 28.32 0.0843 0.079 9 395.3896727 790.779345 263839.4 0.000783605
0.0031
0.1332 26.28 0.088 0.083 6 447.655795 895.31159 298716 0.000722492
0.0032
0.1328 25.53 0.0876 0.084 9 466.3585579 932.717116 311196.2 0.000690365

 This viscosity does make sense based on my calculations of the pure substance
viscosities because the values lie in between the viscosities of water and glycol.

Report Item #4: Viscosity comparison

 The measured values of the viscosity of the pure liquids are:

ave water 0.00020 (N-

 ..
visc...= 1 s/m^2)
.
glycol visc.
0.00123 (N-
..= 5 s/m^2)
glycerine 0.07203 (N-
visc = 9 s/m^2)

 The expected values from interpolation of the table in the lab manual at 25. C:

Report Item #5:

 Uncertainty

Report Item #6:

 In

Report Item #7: Experimental Design Component

CONCLUSIONS
We

REFERENCES
1. MAE 338 Lab Manuel;UBLEARNS