History of Art Forms

From Pre- Historic to

Modern Art
A t Th
Art Through
h The
Th Ages
A
Paleolithic Cave Art
z These Paintings date back
z to Prehistoric times (32,000)
( )
z Years ago.
Cave Paintings
The most common themes in Cave paintings are
large wild animals such as bisons, horse and
deer and tracing of human hands. The paintings
are mostly abstract in form because the society
was a hunter- gatherer society.
King Hammurabi Of Babylon
(1792- 1750 B C)
z He became the first
z King
g of the
z Babylonian Empire.
z He is known for the Set of Laws called
z “Hammurabi’s Code.
z This was the first written code and recorded in
History.
z As an ancient Law – Giver, Hammurabi’s Portrait
is in many government buildings through the
world.
Iraq Warka Vase - Uruk
z This is one of the earliest
z surviving
g works.
The Vase has three levels of
depiction of carving
carving. The bottom
level depicts the vegetation in
the Tigris and Eupharates delta
delta.
The second level depicts the
males carrying bowls of fruits
and grains. The third level
depicts the procession ends at a
temple area.
Statue of King Khephren
z This statue of
z King
g Khephren
p
z incorporates the
z symbolism of
z power and
z protection.
Indus valley Seals (1500 B C)
z Seals and Stamps have
z been used during g the
z Indus Valley
z Civilization where
z seals were carved
z in a rock that were
z pressed into wet clay.
King of Akkad - Mesopotamia
z The King of Akkad is
z regarded
g as the first
z king to have a
z centralized rule in his
z empire.
Priest King of Mohenjo Daro
z The Priest – king is
z wearingg a decorated
z cloak over the left
z shoulder
shoulder.
King Akhenaten of Egypt
(1350 B C)
z King Akhenaten was a
z great Pharaoh of Egypt.
g gyp
z This Sculpture is the
z most recognized work
z of Art in the Ancient
z World.
Queen Nefertiti
z Nefertiti means “The
z Beautiful woman has
z come” is the most
z famous of all
z Egyptians.
z Her sculptor shows the
z accurate facial
z expressions.
Mask of Tutankhamum
z King Tutankhamum’s
z tomb is the best
z preserved and most
z ancient His tomb is the
ancient.
z epitome of Egyptian
z Civilization.
Discobolos (discuss thrower)
(450 B C)
z The Subject is an
z athlete called
z Timanthes, sculpted by
z Myron He is the first
Myron.
z Sculptor to master this
z style. This statue is an
z example of harmony
z and balance. Very little
z emotions are shown on the
z face.
Seated Buddha – Gandhara
School of Art (200 A D)
z Dating from 6th or 7th
z Centuryy B C
z Popularly known as
z “The
The Greco-
z Buddhist Art”
z This kind of sculpture comprises of Buddha and
Bodhisattvas. This style is magnified as well as
intricate style of Art.

z Gandhara was conquered by Alexander, the

great which was ruled by Emperor Ashoka and
was a major part of the Buddhist Religion.
Lord Vishnu asleep on a serpent
G t Era
Gupta E (500 A D)
The Art and Architecture during the Gupta Era was
termed as “ Golden Age “ in the history
history. Buddhist
Art flourished during this period and created a
new epoch in “Temple
Temple Architecture
Architecture”. Rules were
laid down in order to build Structured Temples.
 Medieval Art and
A hit t
Architecture

z Romanesque architectural style

z Many columns used to hold up the roofs
of large buildings
buildings.
z Bright colors
z Items in pictures are not in proportion
z Mostlyy religious
g themes
z Rounded arches
z No rose windows
M di
Medieval
l Art
At
M di
Medieval
l Art
At
M di
Medieval
l Architecture
A hit t
M di
Medieval
l Architecture
A hit t
M di
Medieval
l Architecture
A hit t
 Renaissance Art and
A hit t
Architecture
z Gothic architectural style
z Much more realistic
z Items pictured are in proportion
z B th secular
Both l and d religious
li i themes
th
z Blended colors, due to the use of tempura
paints
i t and
d stucco.
t
z Pointed arches
z Flying buttresses & fewer columns
z Highly ornate detail
z Rose windows
R
Renaissance
i A
Artt
R
Renaissance
i A
Artt
R
Renaissance
i A
Artt
R
Renaissance
i A
Artt
R
Renaissance
i A
Architecture
hit t
R
Renaissance
i A
Architecture
hit t
R
Renaissance
i A
Architecture
hit t
 R f
Reformation
ti Art
At
z Catholic reformation art was of the
baroque style and was designed to
impress an illiterate population with the
glory and grandeur of the Catholic church. church
z N. European reformation art was very
plain
l i and d usually
ll depicted
d i t d every day d life.
lif
– It is often referred to as the art of the Dutch
Masters, such as Rembrandt and Hals.
Reformation Art
Reformation
R f ti Art
At
Reformation
Art
 B
Baroque A
Artt

z The desire to evoke emotional states by

appealing to the senses, often in dramatic
ways, underlies Baroque Art.
z Characteristics include grandeur,
sensuous richness,, drama,, vitality,
y,
movement, tension, emotional
exuberance,, and often a natural
background.
Baroque
Art
B
Baroque A
Artt
 Baroque
Architecture
B
Baroque A
Architecture
hit t
 R
Rococo A
Artt
z The Rococo style in painting is decorative
and non
non-functional,
functional like the declining
aristocracy it represented.
z S bj t are painted
Subjects i t d with
ith wispy
i
brushstrokes & the colors used often
i l d d luscious
included l i golds
ld and d reds.
d
z Its subject matter frequently dealt with the
leisurely pastimes of the aristocracy
Rococo art often looks fuzzy.
 R
Rococo A
Artt
z Characteristics of the Rococo style:
z F
Fussy detail
d t il
z Complex compositions
z Certain superficiality
z More ornateness
z Sweetness
z Li ht
Light
z Playfulness
Rococo
R A
Artt
Rococo Art
Rococo Art
R
Rococo A
Architecture
hit t
R
Rococo A
Architecture
hit t
 N
Neoclassical
l i l Art
At
z Neoclassical Art is a severe, unemotional
form of art harkening back to the style of
ancient Greece and Rome.
z Its rigidity was a reaction to the overbred
Rococo style and the emotional Baroque
style.
y
z The rise of Neoclassical Art was part of a
general revival of classical thought,
g g , which
was of some importance in the American
and French revolutions.
N
Neoclassical
l i l Art
At
Neoclassical
Art
N
Neoclassical
l i l Art
At
N
Neoclassical
l i l Architecture
A hit t
 R
Romanticism
ti i
z Romanticism can be seen as a rejection of the
precepts
p p of order,, calm,, harmony, y, balance,,
idealization, and rationality that typified late 18th-
century Neoclassicism.
z It was also
l tot some extent
t t a reaction
ti against
i t the
th
Enlightenment and against 18th-century
rationalism and pphysical
y materialism in general.
g
z Romanticism emphasized the individual, the
subjective, the irrational, the imaginative, the
personal,l the
th spontaneous,
t the
th emotional,
ti l the
th
visionary, and the transcendental.
Romanticism
Romanticism
R
Romanticism
ti i
 P R h lit Art
Pre-Raphaelite At
z Detailed observation of flora.
z Th use off clear,
The l bright,
b i ht sharp-focus
h f
technique.
z Their moral seriousness is seen in their
choice of religious or other uplifting
themes.
z A Brotherhood of artists formed in 1848 to
recreate the Renaissance style.
 Pre-
Raphaelite
ap ae te
Style
 Pre-
Raphaelite
Style
y
 I
Impressionism
i i
z The impressionist style of painting is
characterized chiefly by concentration on
the general impression produced by a
scene or object
j and the use of unmixed
primary colors and small strokes to
simulate actual reflected light.
z The most conspicuous characteristic of
Impressionism was an attempt to
accurately and objectively record visual
reality in terms of transient effects of light
and color
color.
Impressionism
I
Impressionism
i i
I
Impressionism
i i
 P i tilli
Pointillism
z Pointillism was a form of art that created pictures
by combining a series of small dots.
z Seurat was one of the major artists of this school
of painting.
p g
z Seurat rejected the soft, irregular brushstrokes of
impressionism in favor of pointillism, a technique
he developed whereby solid forms are
constructed by applying small, close-packed dots
off unmixed
i d color
l tot a white
hit background.
b k d
P i tilli
Pointillism
Pointillism
 E
Expressionism
i i
z Expressionism is a style of art in which
the intention is not to reproduce a subject
accurately, but instead to portray it in
such a way as to express the inner state of
the artist.
z M
Many expressionist
i i t artists
ti t reflected
fl t d their
th i
disillusion with modern society, especially
i light
in li ht off the
th two
t worldld wars.
E
Expressionism
i i
E
Expressionism
i i
 C bi
Cubism

z In Cubism
C the subject matter is broken up,
analyzed, and reassembled in an
abstracted
b d form
f
z Cubists treat nature in terms of the
cylinder, the sphere and the cone.
z Subjects
j in Cubists paintings
p g are often
hard to recognize.
C bi
Cubism
Cubism
C bi
Cubism