Json in Javascript: J S O N J S O N

JSON in JavaScript
JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation that is a language independent text format which
is fast and easy to understand. That means it is really very simple and easy to learn without
sparing much time. In another words we can say that JavaScript Object Notation is a
lightweight data-interchange format that is completely language independent but with some
conventions.
So in this section of JSON tutorial we are going to discuss JSON with JavaScript.
Creating Object in JavaScript using JSON
We can create objects in JSON with JavaScript in many ways :
1. "var JSONObjectName ={};" will create an empty object.
2. "var JSONObjectName= new Object();" will create a new Object.
3. "var JSONObjectName = { "name ":"amit", "age":23}; will create an Object with

attribute name which contains value in String and age with numeric value.
Now by creating this object we can access attributes by only "." operator.
Here is the full example code for creating an Object in JavaScript using JSON:
ObjectJavaScript-JSON.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>
Object creation in JSON in JavaScript
</title>
<script language="javascript" >
var JSONObject = { "name" : "Amit",
"address" : "B-123 Bangalow",
"age" : 23,
"phone" : "011-4565763",
"MobileNo" : 0981100092
};
document.write("<h2><font color='blue'>Name</font>::"
+JSONObject.name+"</h2>");
document.write("<h2><font color='blue'>Address</font>::"
+JSONObject.address+"</h2>");
document.write("<h2><font color='blue'>Age</font>::"
+JSONObject.age+"</h2>");
document.write("<h2><font color='blue'>Phone No.</font>::"
+JSONObject.phone+"</h2>");
document.write("<h2><font color='blue'>Mobile No.</font>::"
+JSONObject.MobileNo+"</h2>");
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Example of object creation in JSON in JavaScript</h3>
</body>
</html>
Output:
To run this JavaScript and JSON example you have to just run this ".htm" file on your
browser.
Creating Array Objects in JavaScript with
JSON
In the previous section of JavaScript-JSON tutorial you have known that how to create an object
and now in this tutorial we have provided you the way array of objects are declared in
JavaScript-JSON.
In our example file we have created an object "students" which contains two array objects
"Maths" and "Science" containing name, marks and age of two students. Now we can access
these objects value in the following way:
"students.Maths" for accessing Maths array and "students.Science" for accessing Science
array object. Now to access first element of the Maths array we can write it as
"students.Maths[1]" and then we can access elements of this array as
"students.Maths[1].Name" for name and "students.Maths[1].Marks" for marks of the first
student in Maths and so on.
Here is the full example code for JavaScript-JSONArray.htm file.
JavaScript-JSONArray.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>
Array JSON-JavaScript Example
</title>
var students = { "Maths" : [
{"Name" : "Amit", // First element
"Marks" : 67,
"age" : 23 },
{
"Name" : "Sandeep", // Second element
"Marks" : 65,
"age" : 21 }
],
"Science" : [
{
"Name" : "Shaili", // First Element
"Marks" : 56,
"age" : 27 },
"Name" : "Santosh", // Second Element
"Marks" : 78,
"age" : 41 }
]
}
// Printing all array values
var i=0
document.writeln("<table border='1'><tr>");
for(i=0;i<students.Maths.length;i++)
{
document.writeln("<td>");
document.writeln("<table border='0' width=100 >");
document.writeln("<tr><td><B>Name</B></td><td width=50>"
+students.Maths[i].Name+"</td></tr>");
document.writeln("<tr><td><B>Marks</B></td><td width=50>"
+students.Maths[i].Marks +"</td></tr>");
document.writeln("<tr><td><B>Age</B></td><td width=50>"
+students.Maths[i].age +"</td></tr>");
document.writeln("</table>");
document.writeln("</td>");
}
for(i=0;i<students.Science.length;i++)
{
document.writeln("<td>");
document.writeln("<table border='0' width=100 >");
document.writeln("<tr><td><B>Name</B></td><td width=50>"
+students.Science[i].Name+"</td></tr>");
document.writeln("<tr><td><B>Marks</B></td><td width=50>"
+students.Science[i].Marks +"</td></tr>");
document.writeln("<tr><td><B>Age</B></td><td width=50>"
+students.Science[i].age +"</td></tr>");
document.writeln("</table>");
document.writeln("</td>");
}
document.writeln("</tr></table>");
</script>
</head>
<body>
Using Array of objects via JSON in JavaScript
</body>
</html>
Output:
To run this example create JavaScript-JSONArray.htm and run it on browser for output.
Creating Message in JSON with JavaScript
In previous section you have studied about the JSON in JavaScript's some basic concepts of
creating a simple object and creating an array of objects. Now we are going to discuss how to
create a message with JSON in JavaScript.
In this example of creating message in JSON with JavaScript we have included "json2.js" file
first. After this we have created an object variable students which contains two array objects .
Again we have created an array object and pushed one array data into it. Message is then created
by converting array object to string by using the function "toJSONString()" . Here is the
example code of CreatingMessage.htm :
CreatingMessage.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>
Creating Message using JSON in JavaScript
</title>
<script language="javascript" src="json2.js"></script>

var students = { "Maths" : [
{ "Name" : "Amit", // First element
"Marks" : 67,
"age" : 23 },
{
"Name" : "Sandeep", // Second element
"Marks" : 65,
"age" : 21 }
],
"Science" : [
{ "Name" : "Shaili", // First Element
"Marks" : 56,
"age" : 27 },
{ "Name" : "Santosh", // Second Element
"Marks" : 78,
"age" : 41 }
]
}
// Printing array elements values
var i=0
var arrayObject = new Array();
{
arrayObject.push(students.Maths[i].Name);
arrayObject.push(students.Maths[i].Marks);
arrayObject.push(students.Maths[i].age);
}
alert("Welcome to JSON Message Example ");
alert(arrayObject.toJSONString());
</script>
</head>
<body>
Message creation using JSON in JavaScript
</body>
</html>
Here is the "json2.js" file code:
/*
json.js
2008-05-25
Public Domain
No warranty expressed or implied. Use at your own risk.
This file has been superceded by http://www.JSON.org/json2.js
See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
This file adds these methods to JavaScript:
array.toJSONString(whitelist)
boolean.toJSONString()
date.toJSONString()
number.toJSONString()
object.toJSONString(whitelist)
string.toJSONString()
These methods produce a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
It must not contain any cyclical references. Illegal values
will be excluded.
The default conversion for dates is to an ISO string. You can

add a toJSONString method to any date object to get a different
representation.
The object and array methods can take an optional whitelist
argument. A whitelist is an array of strings. If it is provided,
keys in objects not found in the whitelist are excluded.
string.parseJSON(filter)
This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or
array. It can throw a SyntaxError exception.
The optional filter parameter is a function which can filter and

transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values, and
its return value is used instead of the original value. If it
returns what it received, then structure is not modified. If it
returns undefined then the member is deleted.
Example:
// Parse the text. If a key contains the string 'date' then

// convert the value to a date.
myData = text.parseJSON(function (key, value) {

return key.indexOf('date') >= 0 ? new Date(value) : value;
});
This file will break programs with improper for..in loops. See
http://yuiblog.com/blog/2006/09/26/for-in-intrigue/
This file creates a global JSON object containing two methods: stringify
and parse.
JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)

value any JavaScript value, usually an object or array.
replacer an optional parameter that determines how object

values are stringified for objects without a toJSON
method. It can be a function or an array.
space an optional parameter that specifies the indentation

of nested structures. If it is omitted, the text will
be packed without extra whitespace. If it is a number,
it will specify the number of spaces to indent at each
level. If it is a string (such as '\t' or ' '),
it contains the characters used to indent at each level.
This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON

method, its toJSON method will be called and the result will be
stringified. A toJSON method does not serialize: it returns the
value represented by the name/value pair that should be serialized,
or undefined if nothing should be serialized. The toJSON method
will be passed the key associated with the value, and this will be
bound to the object holding the key.
For example, this would serialize Dates as ISO strings.
Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
function f(n) {
// Format integers to have at least two digits.
return n < 10 ? '0' + n : n;
}
return this.getUTCFullYear() + '-' +
f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' +
f(this.getUTCDate()) + 'T' +
f(this.getUTCHours()) + ':' +
f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ':' +
f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + 'Z';
};
You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the

key and value of each member, with this bound to the containing
object. The value that is returned from your method will be
serialized. If your method returns undefined, then the member will
be excluded from the serialization.
If the replacer parameter is an array, then it will be used to

select the members to be serialized. It filters the results such
that only members with keys listed in the replacer array are
stringified.
Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or

functions, will not be serialized. Such values in objects will be
dropped; in arrays they will be replaced with null. You can use
a replacer function to replace those with JSON values.
JSON.stringify(undefined) returns undefined.
The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the

value that is filled with line breaks and indentation to make it
easier to read.
If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will

be used for indentation. If the space parameter is a number, then
the indentation will be that many spaces.
Example:
text = JSON.stringify(['e', {pluribus: 'unum'}]);
// text is '["e",{"pluribus":"unum"}]'
text = JSON.stringify(['e', {pluribus: 'unum'}], null, '\t');

// text is '[\n\t"e",\n\t{\n\t\t"pluribus": "unum"\n\t}\n]'
text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {

return this[key] instanceof Date ?
'Date(' + this[key] + ')' : value;
});
// text is '["Date(---current time---)"]'
JSON.parse(text, reviver)
This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or array.
It can throw a SyntaxError exception.
The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and

transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values,
and its return value is used instead of the original value.
If it returns what it received, then the structure is not modified.
If it returns undefined then the member is deleted.
Example:
// Parse the text. Values that look like ISO date strings will
// be converted to Date objects.
myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {

var a;
if (typeof value === 'string') {
a=
/^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}(?:\.\d*)?)Z$/.exec(value);
if (a) {
return new Date(Date.UTC(+a[1], +a[2] - 1, +a[3], +a[4],
+a[5], +a[6]));
}
}
return value;
});
myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {

var d;
if (typeof value === 'string' &&
value.slice(0, 5) === 'Date(' &&
value.slice(-1) === ')') {
d = new Date(value.slice(5, -1));
if (d) {
return d;
}
}
return value;
});
It is expected that these methods will formally become part of the

JavaScript Programming Language in the Fourth Edition of the
ECMAScript standard in 2008.
This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or

redistribute.
This code should be minified before deployment.

See http://javascript.crockford.com/jsmin.html
USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD

CODE FROM SERVERS YOU
DO NOT CONTROL.
*/
/*jslint evil: true */
/*global JSON */
/*members "", "\b", "\t", "\n", "\f", "\r", "\"", JSON, "\\", call,
charCodeAt, getUTCDate, getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours,
getUTCMinutes,
getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join, lastIndex, length,
parse, parseJSON, propertyIsEnumerable, prototype, push, replace, slice,
stringify, test, toJSON, toJSONString, toString
*/
if (!this.JSON) {
// Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
// object in a closure to avoid global variables.
JSON = function () {
function f(n) {
// Format integers to have at least two digits.
return n < 10 ? '0' + n : n;
}
Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
return this.getUTCFullYear() + '-' +

f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' +
f(this.getUTCDate()) + 'T' +
f(this.getUTCHours()) + ':' +
f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ':' +
f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + 'Z';
};
var cx = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5
\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g,
escapeable =
/[\\\"\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5
\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g,
gap,
indent,
meta = { // table of character substitutions
'\b': '\\b',
'\t': '\\t',
'\n': '\\n',
'\f': '\\f',
'\r': '\\r',
'"' : '\\"',
'\\': '\\\\'
},
rep;
function quote(string) {
// If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no

// backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
// Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
// sequences.
escapeable.lastIndex = 0;
return escapeable.test(string) ?
'"' + string.replace(escapeable, function (a) {
var c = meta[a];
if (typeof c === 'string') {
return c;
}
return '\\u' + ('0000' +
(+(a.charCodeAt(0))).toString(16)).slice(-4);
}) + '"' :
'"' + string + '"';
}
function str(key, holder) {
// Produce a string from holder[key].
var i, // The loop counter.

k, // The member key.
v, // The member value.
length,
mind = gap,
partial,
value = holder[key];
// If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.
if (value && typeof value === 'object' &&

typeof value.toJSON === 'function') {
value = value.toJSON(key);
}
// If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to

// obtain a replacement value.
if (typeof rep === 'function') {

value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
}
// What happens next depends on the value's type.
switch (typeof value) {

case 'string':
return quote(value);
case 'number':
// JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.
return isFinite(value) ? String(value) : 'null';
case 'boolean':
case 'null':
// If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:

// typeof null does not produce 'null'. The case is included here in
// the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.
return String(value);
// If the type is 'object', we might be dealing with an object or an array or

// null.
case 'object':
// Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is 'object',

// so watch out for that case.
if (!value) {
return 'null';
}
// Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.
gap += indent;
partial = [];
// If the object has a dontEnum length property, we'll treat it as an array.
if (typeof value.length === 'number' &&

!(value.propertyIsEnumerable('length'))) {
// The object is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder

// for non-JSON values.
length = value.length;
for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
partial[i] = str(i, value) || 'null';
}
// Join all of the elements together,

separated with commas, and wrap them in
// brackets.
v = partial.length === 0 ? '[]' :

gap ? '[\n' + gap +
partial.join(',\n' + gap) + '\n' +
mind + ']' :
'[' + partial.join(',') + ']';
gap = mind;
return v;
}
// If the replacer is an array, use it to select

the members to be stringified.
if (rep && typeof rep === 'object') {

length = rep.length;
for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
k = rep[i];
if (typeof k === 'string') {
v = str(k, value, rep);
if (v) {
partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ': ' : ':') + v);
}
}
}
} else {
// Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys

in the object.
for (k in value) {
if (Object.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
v = str(k, value, rep);
if (v) {
partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ': ' : ':') + v);
}
}
}
}
// Join all of the member texts together,

separated with commas,
// and wrap them in braces.
v = partial.length === 0 ? '{}' :

gap ? '{\n' + gap +
partial.join(',\n' + gap) + '\n' +
mind + '}' :
'{' + partial.join(',') + '}';
gap = mind;
return v;
}
}
// Return the JSON object containing the
stringify and parse methods.
return {
stringify: function (value, replacer, space)
{
// The stringify method takes a value and

an optional replacer, and an optional
// space parameter, and returns a JSON
text. The replacer can be a function
// that can replace values, or an array of
strings that will select the keys.
// A default replacer method can be
provided. Use of the space parameter can
// produce text that is more easily readable.
var i;
gap = '';
indent = '';
// If the space parameter is a number, make

an indent string containing that
// many spaces.
if (typeof space === 'number') {

for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
indent += ' ';
}
// If the space parameter is a string, it will

be used as the indent string.
} else if (typeof space === 'string') {

indent = space;
}
// If there is a replacer, it must be a

function or an array.
// Otherwise, throw an error.
rep = replacer;
if (replacer && typeof replacer !==
'function' &&
(typeof replacer !== 'object' ||
typeof replacer.length !== 'number')) {
throw new Error('JSON.stringify');
}
// Make a fake root object containing our

value under the key of ''.
// Return the result of stringifying the
value.
return str('', {'': value});

},
parse: function (text, reviver) {
// The parse method takes a text and an

optional reviver function, and returns
// a JavaScript value if the text is a valid
JSON text.
var j;
function walk(holder, key) {
// The walk method is used to recursively

walk the resulting structure so
// that modifications can be made.
var k, v, value = holder[key];

if (value && typeof value === 'object') {
for (k in value) {
if (Object.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
v = walk(value, k);
if (v !== undefined) {
value[k] = v;
} else {
delete value[k];
}
}
}
}
return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
}
// Parsing happens in four stages. In the
first stage, we replace certain
// Unicode characters with escape
sequences. JavaScript handles many
characters
// incorrectly, either silently deleting them,
or treating them as line endings.
cx.lastIndex = 0;
if (cx.test(text)) {
text = text.replace(cx, function (a) {
return '\\u' + ('0000' +
(+(a.charCodeAt(0))).toString(16)).slice(-
4);
});
}
// In the second stage, we run the text

against regular expressions that look
// for non-JSON patterns. We are
especially concerned with '()' and 'new'
// because they can cause invocation, and
'=' because it can cause mutation.
// But just to be safe, we want to reject all
unexpected forms.
// We split the second stage into 4 regexp

operations in order to work around
// crippling inefficiencies in IE's and
Safari's regexp engines. First we
// replace the JSON backslash pairs with
'@' (a non-JSON character). Second, we
// replace all simple value tokens with ']'
characters. Third, we delete all
// open brackets that follow a colon or
comma or that begin the text. Finally,
// we look to see that the remaining
characters are only whitespace or ']' or
// ',' or ':' or '{' or '}'. If that is so, then the
text is safe for eval.
if (/^[\],:{}\s]*$/.
test(text.replace(/\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-
F]{4})/g, '@').
replace(/"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+
(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g, ']').
replace(/(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g, ''))) {
// In the third stage we use the eval

function to compile the text into a
// JavaScript structure. The '{' operator is
subject to a syntactic ambiguity
// in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an
object literal. We wrap the text
// in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.
j = eval('(' + text + ')');
// In the optional fourth stage, we

recursively walk the new structure, passing
// each name/value pair to a reviver
function for possible transformation.
return typeof reviver === 'function' ?

walk({'': j}, '') : j;
}
// If the text is not JSON parseable, then a

SyntaxError is thrown.
throw new SyntaxError('JSON.parse');

}
};
}();
}
// Augment the basic prototypes if they

have not already been augmented.
// These forms are obsolete. It is
recommended that JSON.stringify and
// JSON.parse be used instead.
if (!Object.prototype.toJSONString) {
Object.prototype.toJSONString = function
(filter) {
return JSON.stringify(this, filter);
};
Object.prototype.parseJSON = function
(filter) {
return JSON.parse(this, filter);
};
}
To run this example open the CreateMessage.htm on the browser and the
output on the browser will look like this:
Array object converted to string by using the toJSONString() function will
be displayed in the alert() message as follows:
Parsing a message in JavaScript with JSON
In the previous section of example we have studied how to create message in JSON in JavaScript
and now we will come to know that how we can parse the message in JSON in JavaScript.
We can parse the message with JSON in JavaScript by using the method
"String.parseJSON(filter)". It parses the JSON message to an string or object. The parameter
"filter" is optional in this method which is used to filter message or transform their results. This
method internally uses the JavaScript's method eval() to parse messages.
Here is the full example code for ParseMessageJSON.htm as follows:
ParseMessageJSON.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>Parsing Message using JSON in
JavaScript</title>
<script language="javascript" src="js
on2.js"></script>
var students = {
"Maths" : [
{ "Name" : "
Amit", // First element
"Marks" : 6
7,
"age" : 2
3 },
{
"Name"
: "Sandeep", // Second element
"Marks" : 6
5,
"age" : 2
1 }
]

}
// Printing Maths array values in the
alert message
var i=0
var arrayObject = new Array();
{
arrayObject.push(students.Maths[i].
Name);
Marks);
age);
}
alert("Parsing JSON Message Example
");
alert(arrayObject.toJSONString().pa
rseJSON());
</script>
</head>
<body>
Parsing Message using JSON in JavaSc
ript
</body>
</html>
To run this example we need to have json2.js file included with our ParseMessageJSON.htm
file. File "json2.js" is as same as in our previous example of "creating message in JavaScript
with JSON" .
Output:
Run ParseMessageJSON.htm file on your browser. It will generate output on your browser as
follows:
JSONObject example in Java
In the previous section of JSON tutorials you have seen how JSON can be used with JavaScript
to create objects and arrays, you have also studied how to parse and create messages with JSON
in JavaScript. Now in this part you will study how to use JSON in Java.
To have functionality of JSON in java you must have JSON-lib. JSON-lib also requires
following "JAR" files:
1. commons-lang.jar
2. commons-beanutils.jar
3. commons-collections.jar
4. commons-logging.jar
5. ezmorph.jar
6. json-lib-2.2.2-jdk15.jar
JSON-lib is a java library for that transforms beans, collections, maps, java arrays and XML to
JSON and then for retransforming them back to beans, collections, maps and others.
In this example we are going to use JSONObject class for creating an object of JSONObject
and then we will print these object value. For using JSONObject class we have to import
following package "net.sf.json". To add elements in this object we have used put() method.
Here is the full example code of FirstJSONJava.java is as follows:
FirstJSONJava.java
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class FirstJSONJava
{
public static void main(String a
rgs[]){
JSONObject object=new JSONObject
();
object.put("name","Amit Kumar")
;
object.put("Max.Marks",new Inte
ger(100));
object.put("Min.Marks",new Doub
le(40));
object.put("Scored",new Double(
66.67));
object.put("nickname","Amit");
System.out.println(object);
}
}

To run this example you have to follow these few steps as follows:
 Download JSON-lib jar and other supporting Jars
 Add these jars to your classpath
 create and save FirstJSONJava.java
 Compile it and execute ,You will get following output:
Output:

"JSONArray" example in Java

In this part of JSON tutorial you will study how to use JSONArray in Java. JSONArray is a
sequential and ordered way of collection values.It may consists of Boolean, JSONArray,
JSONObject, Number and String or the JSONObject.NULL objects.
To have functionality of JSON in your java program you must have JSON-lib. JSON-lib also
requires following "JAR" files:
1. commons-lang.jar
2. commons-beanutils.jar
3. commons-collections.jar
4. commons-logging.jar
5. ezmorph.jar
6. json-lib-2.2.2-jdk15.jar
JSON-lib is a java library for that transforms beans, collections, maps, java arrays and XML to
JSON and then for retransforming them back to beans, collections, maps and others.
In this example we are going to use JSONArray for creating an object of JSONArray and then
we will print this array object . For using JSONArray class we have to import package
"net.sf.json". To add elements in this object we have used add() method. Here is the full
example code of JSONJavaArray.java as follows:
FirstJSONJava.java
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
public class JSONJavaArray
{
public static void main(String a
rgs[]){

JSONArray arrayObj=new JSONArray()
;
arrayObj.add("name :");
arrayObj.add("Amit Kumar");
arrayObj.add("Max.Marks :");
arrayObj.add(new Integer(100));
arrayObj.add("Min.Marks");
arrayObj.add(new Double(40));
arrayObj.add("Scored");
arrayObj.add(new Double(66.67))
;
System.out.println(arrayObj);
}
}
To run this example you have to follow these few steps as follows:
 Download JSON-lib jar and other supporting jars

 Add these jars to your classpath
 create and save JSONJavaArray.java
 Compile it and execute ,You will get following output:
Output:
JSON and Servlet example

In the previous section of JSON-Java example you have learned how to create a java class by
using JSON classes. Now in this example we will tell you how to use JSON classes for creating
Servlet.
In this example we have created an object of JSONArray and then we have added elements into
this array by using the method add(). To have functionality of JSON in your application you
must have JSON-lib and its supported jar files. These are: commons-lang.jar, commons-
beanutils.jar, commons-collections.jar, commons-logging.jar, ezmorph.jar and json-lib-
2.2.2-jdk15.jar.
Here is the example code of JSONServlet.java as follows:
JSONServlet.java
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
public class JSONServlet extends HttpSer
vlet{
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest re
quest,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException{
JSONArray arrayObj=new JSONArray();
arrayObj.add("MCA");
arrayObj.add("19-12-1986");
arrayObj.add(24);
arrayObj.add(new Double(66.67));
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(
);
out.println(arrayObj);
for(int i=0;i<arrayObj.size();i++){
out.println(arrayObj.getString(i));
}
}
}
We have to do corresponding servlet mapping into web.xml as given below:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<web-app xmlns
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
ema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/
xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-
app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>JSONServlet</servlet-
name>
<servlet-class>JSONServlet</servlet-
class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>JSONServlet</servlet-
name>
<url-pattern>/JSONServlet</url-
pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
To run this example follow this step by step procedure:
 create a JSONServlet.java class

 compile JSONServlet and place it into WEB-INF/classes directory
 Download JSONLibraries and place it into Tomcat's lib directory
 Start Tomcat Webserver and type
http://localhost:8080/JSON/JSONServlet into browser's address bar you will have following
output on your browser.
Output:
JSON-JSP example
In the previous section of JSON-Servlet example you have learned how to create a servlet class
by using JSON classes. Now in this example we will tell you how to use JSON to use it into JSP
pages.
In this example we have created an object of JSONArray and then we have added elements into
this array by using the method add(). To have functionality of JSON in your application you
must have JSON-lib and its supporting jar files as well. These are: commons-lang.jar,
commons-beanutils.jar, commons-collections.jar, commons-logging.jar, ezmorph.jar and
json-lib-2.2.2-jdk15.jar. To get string values of array object we have used getString(index int)
method of JSONArray. It returns string value of that array object's index.
Here is the example code of JSON-JSPExample.jsp as follows:
JSON-JSPExample.jsp
<%@ page language="java" impor
t="net.sf.json.JSONArray" %>

<%
JSONArray arrayObj=new JSONArray();
arrayObj.add("MCA");
arrayObj.add("19-12-1986");
arrayObj.add(24);
arrayObj.add(new Double(66.67));
%>
<h2>Array Object is =></h2> <%=arrayObj%>
<br><hr>
<% for(int i=0;i<arrayObj.size();i++){
%>
<%=arrayObj.getString(i)%>
<%
}
%>
To run this example follow this step by step procedure:
 create a JSON-JSPExample.jsp file and

 place it into WEB-INF directory
 Download JSONLibraries and place it into Tomcat's lib directory
 Start Tomcat Webserver and type
http://localhost:8080/JSON/JSON-JSPExample.jsp into browser's address bar you will have
following output on your browser.
Output:

Json in Javascript: J S O N J S O N

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JSON in JavaScript

Creating Object in JavaScript using JSON

We can create objects in JSON with JavaScript in many ways :

1. "var JSONObjectName ={};" will create an empty object.

2. "var JSONObjectName= new Object();" will create a new Object.

3. "var JSONObjectName = { "name ":"amit", "age":23}; will create an Object with

Here is the full example code for JavaScript-JSONArray.htm file.

Here is the "json2.js" file code:

The default conversion for dates is to an ISO string. You can

The optional filter parameter is a function which can filter and

// Parse the text. If a key contains the string 'date' then

myData = text.parseJSON(function (key, value) {

JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)

replacer an optional parameter that determines how object

space an optional parameter that specifies the indentation

This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.

When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON

You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the

If the replacer parameter is an array, then it will be used to

Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or

The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the

If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will

text = JSON.stringify(['e', {pluribus: 'unum'}], null, '\t');

text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {

The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and

myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {

myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {

It is expected that these methods will formally become part of the

This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or

This code should be minified before deployment.

USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD

/*jslint evil: true */

Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {

return this.getUTCFullYear() + '-' +

// If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no

function str(key, holder) {

// Produce a string from holder[key].

var i, // The loop counter.

// If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.

if (value && typeof value === 'object' &&

// If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to

if (typeof rep === 'function') {

// What happens next depends on the value's type.

switch (typeof value) {

// JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.

return isFinite(value) ? String(value) : 'null';

// If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:

// If the type is 'object', we might be dealing with an object or an array or

// Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is 'object',

// If the object has a dontEnum length property, we'll treat it as an array.

if (typeof value.length === 'number' &&

// The object is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder

// Join all of the elements together,

v = partial.length === 0 ? '[]' :

// If the replacer is an array, use it to select

if (rep && typeof rep === 'object') {

// Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys

// Join all of the member texts together,

v = partial.length === 0 ? '{}' :

// The stringify method takes a value and

// If the space parameter is a number, make

if (typeof space === 'number') {

// If the space parameter is a string, it will

/jslint evil: true /