Oral Histology questions (2nd part)

• (1) All sentences regarding amelogenisis are true,

except:
1. amelogenisis starts mainly in bell stage
2. different stages of amelogenisis can be found on
different areas of internal enamel epithelium
3. external enamel epithelium deposits and modify
enamel
4. amelogenisis is a process that has an end point

• (2) during pre-secretory stage of

amelogenisis:
1. differentiation of internal enamel epithelium takes
place firstly at cervical region and proceeds
occlusally
2. IEE change their shape from columnar to cuboidal
3. resorption of dental lamina occurs in this stage
4. differentiation of ameloblasts precedes
odontoblasts differentiation

• (3) proximal terminal web consists of:

1. gap junctions between ameloblasts and stellate
reticulum
2. gap junction between adjacent ameloblasts
3. desmosomes between ameloblasts and stellate
reticulum
4. desmosomes between adjacent ameloblasts

• (4) tome's process of ameloblasts develops

during:
1. pre-secretory stage
2. secretory stage
3. transition stage
4. maturation stage
5. post maturation stage

• (5) which is false about formation of

enamel prisms:
1. enamel formation starts firstly at prism periphery
2. tome's process is responsible about prism
formation
3. ameloblasts develops tome's process at proximal
end
4. more than one ameloblasts contribute to form one
prism
• (6) regarding enamel mineralization, which is
false:
1. organic matrix get mineralized by hydroxyapatite
crystals
2. all crystals are parallel to Tome's process surfaces
3. each tome's process has 2 mineralization fronts
4. first crystals are thin and smaller than mature one

• (7) all these actions happens during transition

stage of amelogenisis, except:
1. ameloblasts become larger in size and length
2. ameloblasts change from secretory form into
maturation form
3. initially deposited enamel is converted into fully
mineralized
4. blood vessels invaginate enamel organ

• (8) regarding enamel proteins, what is true:

1. 90% of enamel proteins are non - amelogenins
2. 10% of enamel proteins are amelogenins
3. enamelin and tuftelin are considered non –
amelogenins
4. tuftelin is lighter than amelogenins

• (9) maturation of enamel involves:

1. removal of non – amelogenins from enamel matrix
2. addition of phosphorus and fluoride ions
3. removal of water and organic matrix
4. enamel crystals decrease in size with increase in
intercrystal spaces

• (10) all listed below is true about maturation

stage, except:
1. tome's process of ameloblasts are lost during it
2. organelle content of ameloblasts is increased
3. addition of calcium to enamel matrix
4. distal part of ameloblasts become ruffle ended

• (11) regarding reduced enamel

epithelium, which is false:
1. it is formed by all enamel organ layers in addition
to primary enamel cuticle
2. it is formed during post maturation stage
3. primary enamel cuticle is formed from amorphous
protein layer under flattened ameloblasts
4. it protect enamel surface after eruption
• (12) regarding early bell stage:
1. there is an active cell division under future cusp
tips
2. there is cessation of cell division at future fissure
sites
3. dental lamina breaks down and loose connection
with oral epithelium
4. there is a differential cell division along EEE to
map out Occlusal surface

• (13) stratum intermedium cells appear in:

1. bud stage
2. early cap stage
3. late cap stage
4. early bell stage
5. late bell stage

• (14) cells of enamel organ that maintain its

shape:
1. IEE
2. EEE
3. stellate reticulum
4. stratum intermedium
5. 1+2
6. 2+4
7. 2+3

• (15) which is false about remnants of broken

dental lamina:
1. associated with the etiology of cysts
2. form epithelial rests of malassez
3. they are broken in early bell stage
4. form epithelial rests of serrez

• (16) all sentences regarding early tooth

development are true, except:
1. dentin formation precedes enamel formation
2. IEE induce dental papilla to differentiate and form
dentin
3. dentin induce differentiation of IEE into
ameloblasts
4. in permanent tooth development, part of EEE
grow lingually to form successor lamina

• (17) apposition of minerals and hard tissue

formation starts during:
 1. bud stage
2. early cap stage
3. late cap stage
4. early bell stage
5. late bell stage

• (18) a transient structure that may be involved of

mechanical transformation of cap stage into bell stage:
1. enamel knot
2. enamel cord
3. enamel navel
4. enamel niche

• (19) regarding enamel knot, which is false:

1. they are a localized mass of cells in the center of
IEE
2. they are non proliferative cells
3. they produce signaling molecule
4. it contribute cells to form enamel cord
5. they bulge into enamel organ

• (20) nerve supply to enamel organ starts as

plexus under dental papilla in:
1. bud stage
2. cap stage
3. early bell stage
4. late bell stage

• (21) blood vessels invade dental papilla during :

1. bud stage
2. early cap stage
3. late cap stage
4. early bell stage
5. late bell stage

• (22) regarding early tooth development:

1. primary epithelial band is formed in response to
interaction between ectoderm and endoderm
2. vestibular lamina is the lingual part of primary
epithelial band
3. dental lamina is arch shaped and produce enamel
organs
4. dental lamina is the buccal part of primary
epithelial band
• (23) which is false about shape determination of
enamel organ:
1. EEE maintain the shape of enamel organ
2. stellate reticulum has hydrostatic pressure that
allow proliferation of EEE and shaping of the crown
3. shape determined by cell proliferation and
movement
4. differential cell division along IEE shape the
Occlusal pattern of the crown

• (24) each of the below is correct regarding bud

stage of enamel organ, except:
1. cells of enamel organ are fully histo-differentiated
2. basal lamina of enamel organ still intact
3. shape of enamel organ is spherical
4. poor morpho-differentiation

• (25) we can define 2 parts (central and

peripheral) in enamel organ during:
1. bud stage
2. early cap stage
3. late cap stage
4. early bell stage
5. late bell stage

• (26) cells of IEE during early cap stage are:

1. columnar
2. flattened
3. star shaped
4. cuboidal

• (27) stellate reticulum part of the enamel organ

appears during:
1. bud stage
2. early cap stage
3. late cap stage
4. early bell stage
5. late bell stage

• (28) which is false about late cap stage:

1. central portion of enamel organ become
separated with intracellular spaces
2. IEE became columnar
3. stratum intermedium cells appear during this
stage
4. mesenchymal cells around enamel organ will form
dental papilla and follicle
• (29) all sentences are true regarding
mineralization of enamel, except:
1. calcium reaches enamel matrix principally from
enamel organ
2. crystal growth and nucleation induced by tuftelin
3. amelogenins are capable of self assembling of
crystal nucleus into nanospheres
4. HA crystals grow in width more than in length

• (30) enamel:
1. thicker at cervical margin and thinner over cusp
tips
2. has high tensile strength
3. grayish in color
4. does not undergo replacement or repair
5. has low shear strength

• (31) largest crystal size can be found in:

1. bone
2. enamel
3. dentin
4. cementum
5. cartilage

• (32) hydroxyapatite crystals of enamel:

1. make 88-90% of enamel by weight
2. mineral content of HA crystals is higher in enamel
near DEJ
3. core of crystal is less soluble than periphery
4. crystals are pentagonal and of great length

• (33) fluoride ions replace which ion of HA

crystals:
1. OH
2. HCO3
3. Mg
4. Ca

• (34) all of the below is correct regarding enamel

prisms, except:
1. boundaries of prisms reflects sudden change in
crystal orientation
2. prisms meet enamel surface at 90 degrees on
cervical region
3. prisms meet enamel surface at 90 degrees on
occlusal surface
 4. enamel prisms extends from DEJ to enamel
surface

• (35) most predominant pattern of enamel prisms:

1. pattern I
2. pattern II
3. pattern III
4. pattern IV

• (36) which is false regarding keyhole pattern of

enamel prisms:
1. tail of one prism lies between heads of other 2
adjacent prisms
2. between 2 keyholes, change in orientation of HA
crystals is abrupt
3. in head, HA crystals are parallel to long access
4. in tail, HA crystals are perpendicular to the long
access

• (37) regarding aprismatic enamel:

1. crystals in this layer are parallel to the surface
2. it is less mineralized than prismatic enamel
3. it occurs due to the presence of tome's processes
4. it make the outer 20 – 100 micrometer of enamel
in permanent teeth

• (38) which is false regarding cross striation:

1. cross striations are at right angle with long access
of prisms
2. it reflects weekly interval
3. cross striations are 2.5 – 6 micrometer apart
4. it is formed due to short periods of activity
alternating with periods of quiescence

• (39) structural fault through entire enamel

thickness is called:
1. enamel spindle
2. enamel tuft
3. enamel lamella
4. none of the above

• (40) aged enamel:

1. lighter in color
2. less fluoride content
3. porosity increased
4. harder and less susceptible to caries
Prepared and revised by:
Dr. Hamza Khalaf Kharashgeh
Mobile number: 0795710627
E-Mail: hamzkk@yahoo.com
Answers:
1. 3
2. 3
3. 3
4. 2
5. 3
6. 2
7. 1
8. 3
9. 3
10. 2
11. 4
12. 3
13. 4
14. 7
15. 2
16. 4
17. 5
18. 2
19. 5
20. 2
21. 4
22. 3
23. 2
24. 1
25. 2
26. 4
27. 3
28. 3
29. 4
30. 4
31. 2
32. 2
33. 1
34. 3
35. 3
36. 4
37. 4
38. 2
39. 3
40. 4

Prepared and revised by:

Dr. Hamza Khalaf Kharashgeh
Mobile number: 0795710627
E-Mail: hamzkk@yahoo.com