CLOUD COMPUTING

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY,

VIGNESH MUTHAIAH.S.R
NATRAJ KUMAR.J

LATHA MATHAVAN ENGINEERINGOLLEGE,

ALAGAR KOVIL MAIN ROAD,

LATHA MATHAVANNAGAR,

KIDARRIPATTI, MADURAI-625 301.

 CONTENTS

 History

 Introductions

 Comparisons

 Architecture

 Key features

 Layers

 Deployment models

 Service models

 Research

 References

 HISTORY:- computing (elastic

The underlying concept of
cloud computing dates
back to 1960s, when John
McCarthy opined that
"computation may
someday be organized as a
public utility". Almost all
the modern day
characteristics of cloud
provision, provided as a
utility, online, illusion of
infinite supply), the
comparison to the
electricity industry and the
use of public, private,
government and
community forms was
thoroughly explored in
Douglas Park hill’s, 1966
book, "The Challenge of
the Computer Utility"
The actual term "cloud"
borrows from telephony in
that telecommunications
companies, who until the
1990s primarily offered
dedicated point-to-point
data circuits, began
offering Virtual Private
Network (VPN) services
with comparable quality of
service but at a much
lower cost. By switching
traffic to balance
utilization as they saw fit
they were able to utilize
their overall network
bandwidth more
effectively. The cloud
symbol was used to denote
the demarcation point
between that which was
the responsibility of the
provider from that of the
user. Cloud computing
extends this boundary to
cover servers as well as the
network infrastructure
 INTRODUCTIO
NS:-
Cloud computing is a
model for enabling
convenient, on-demand
network access to a shared
pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g.,
networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services)
that can be rapidly
provisioned and released
with minimal management
effort or service provider
interaction. This cloud
model promotes
availability and is
composed of five essential
characteristics, three
service models, and four
deployment models.
 COMPARISONS:
-
Cloud computing develop
characteristics from, but
should not be confused
with:
Autonomic computing —
"computer systems capable
of self-management".[12]
Client–server model –
Client–server computing
refers broadly to any
distributed application that
distinguishes between
service providers (servers)
and service requesters
(clients).[13]
Grid computing — "a
form of distributed
computing and parallel
computing, whereby a
'super and virtual
computer' is composed of a
cluster of networked,
loosely coupled computers
acting in concert to
perform very large tasks"
Mainframe — powerful
computers used mainly by
large organizations for
critical applications,
typically bulk data
processing such as census,
industry and consumer
statistics, enterprise
resource planning, and
financial transaction
processing.[14]
Utility computing — the
"packaging of computing
resources, such as
computation and storage,
as a metered service
similar to a traditional
public utility, such as
electricity";[15]
Peer-to-peer – a
distributed architecture
without the need for
 Architecture:-
Cloud architecture, the
systems architecture of the
software systems involved
in the delivery of cloud
computing, typically
involves multiple cloud
components
communicating with each
other over application
programming interfaces,
usually web services. This
resembles the Unix
philosophy of having
multiple programs each
doing one thing well and
working together over
universal interfaces.
Complexity is controlled
and the resulting systems
are more manageable than
their monolithic
counterparts. The two most
significant components of
cloud computing
architecture are known as
the front end and the back
end. The front end is the
part seen by the client, i.e.
the computer user. This
includes the client’s
network (or computer) and
the applications used to
access the cloud via a user
interface such as Internet
central coordination, with
participants being at the
same time both suppliers
and consumers of
resources (in contrast to
the traditional client–server
model).
Explorer. The back end of
the cloud computing
architecture is the ‘cloud’
itself, comprising various
computers, servers and
data storage devices.
 Key Features:-
• Agility improves
with users' ability
to rapidly and
inexpensively re-
provision
technological
infrastructure
resources.
• Cost is claimed to
be greatly reduced
and capital
expenditure is
converted to
operational
expenditure. This
 ostensibly lowers
barriers to entry, as
infrastructure is
typically provided
by a third-party and
does not need to be
purchased for one-
time or infrequent
intensive
computing tasks.
Pricing on a utility
computing basis is
fine-grained with
usage-based
options and fewer
IT skills are • Multi-tenancy
required for
implementation (in-
house).
• Device and
location
independence
Cloud computing sample architecture
enable users to
access systems
using a web
browser regardless
of their location or
what device they
are using (e.g., PC,
mobile). As
infrastructure is
off-site (typically
provided by a third-
party) and accessed
via the Internet,
users can connect
from anywhere.
enables sharing of
resources and costs
across a large pool
of users thus
allowing for:

o Centralizat possible
ion of load-levels)
infrastructur o Utilization
e in and
locations efficiency
with lower improveme
costs (such nts for
as real systems that
estate, are often
electricity, only 10–
etc.) 20%
o Peak-load utilized.
capacity • Reliability is
increases improved if
(users need multiple redundant
not engineer sites are used,
for highest which makes well
 designed cloud data is distributed
computing suitable over a wider area
for business and / or number of
continuity and devices.
disaster recovery. • Maintenance
Nonetheless, many cloud computing
major cloud applications are
computing services easier to maintain,
have suffered since they don't
outages, and IT and have to be installed
business managers on each user's
can at times do computer. They are
little when they are easier to support
affected. and to improve
• Scalability via since the changes
dynamic ("on- reach the clients
demand") instantly.
provisioning of
resources on a fine- • Metering cloud
grained, self- computing
service basis near resources usage
real-time, without should be
users having to measurable and
engineer for peak should be metered
loads. per client and
• Security could application on
improve due to daily, weekly,
centralization of monthly, and
data, increased annual basis. This
security-focused will enable clients
resources, etc., but on choosing the
concerns can vendor cloud on
persist about loss of cost and reliability
control over certain (QoS).
sensitive data, and  Layers:-
the lack of security
for stored kernels, Client
Providers typically
log accesses, but A cloud client consists of
accessing the audit computer hardware and/or
logs themselves computer software that
can be difficult or relies on cloud computing
impossible. for application delivery, or
Furthermore, the that is specifically
complexity of designed for delivery of
security is greatly cloud services and that, in
increased when either case, is essentially
useless without it.
Examples include some
computers, phones and
Application
Cloud application services
or "Software as a Service
(SaaS)" deliver software as
a service over the Internet,
eliminating the need to
install and run the
application on the
customer's own computers
and simplifying
maintenance and support.
Key characteristics
include:
Platform
Cloud platform services or
"Platform as a Service
(PaaS)" deliver a
computing Cloud
Deployment models:-
other devices, operating
systems and browsers.
infrastructure services or
"Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)" delivers
computer infrastructure,
typically a platform
virtualization environment
as a service. Rather than
purchasing servers,
software, data center space
or network equipment,
clients instead buy those
resources as a fully
outsourced service.
Server
The server’s layer
consists of computer
hardware and/or computer
software products that are
specifically designed for
the delivery of cloud
services, including multi-
core processors, cloud-
specific operating systems
and combined offerings
loud
 computi

ng types

Private
cloud. The cloud
infrastructure is
operated solely
for an
organization. It
may be managed
by the
organization or a
third party and
may exist on
premise or off
premise.
Commun
ity cloud. The
cloud
infrastructure is
shared by several
organizations
and supports a
specific
community that
has shared
concerns (e.g.,
mission, security
requirements,
policy, and
compliance
considerations).
of two or
Public cloud. The more clouds
cloud infrastructure is (private,
made available to the community,
general public or a or public)
large industry group that remain
and is owned by an unique
organization selling entities but
cloud services. are bound
Hybrid cloud. The together by
cloud standardize
infrastructur d or
e is a proprietary
composition technology
 that enables underlying
data and cloud
application infrastructur
portability e including
(e.g., cloud network,
bursting for servers,
load- operating
balancing systems,
between storage, or
clouds). even
individual
 Service Models: application
capabilities,
Cloud Software as with the
a Service possible
(SaaS). The exception of
capability limited
provided to user-
the specific
consumer is application
to use the configuratio
provider’s n settings.
applications Cloud Platform as a
running on Service (PaaS).
a cloud The capability
infrastructur provided to the
e. The consumer is to deploy onto
applications the cloud
are infrastructure
accessible consumer-created
from or acquired
various applications created
client using programming
devices languages and tools
through a supported by the
thin client provider. The
interface consumer does not
such as a manage or control
web the underlying
browser cloud infrastructure
(e.g., web- including network,
based servers, operating
email). The systems, or storage,
consumer but has control over
does not the deployed
manage or applications and
control the possibly
application hosting , and
environment possibly
configurations. limited
Cloud control of
Infrastruct select
ure as a networking
Service components
(IaaS). The (e.g., host
capability firewalls).
provided to
the
consumer is
to provision
processing,
storage,
networks,
and other
fundamenta
l computing  Research:-
resources
where the
consumer is Recently,In July 2010, HP
able to Labs India announced a
deploy and new cloud-based
run technology designed to
arbitrary simplify taking content and
software, making it mobile-enabled,
which can even from low-end
include devices. Called Site on
operating Mobile, the new
systems and technology is designed for
applications emerging markets where
. The people are more likely to
consumer access the internet via
does not mobile phones rather than
manage or computers.
control the
underlying The IEEE Technical
cloud Committee on Services
infrastructur Computing in IEEE
e but has Computer Society
control over sponsors the IEEE
operating International Conference
systems, on Cloud Computing
storage, (CLOUDCLOUD 2010
deployed was held on July 5–10,
applications 2010 in Miami, Florida.
 Cloud computing computing really
means". InfoWorld.
Browser (Desktop http://www.infowor
Clients Laptop · Handheld) ld.com/d/cloud-
book · Net top computing/what-
cloud-computing-
Google Apps · Intact really-means-031.
Applications Microsoft Online Retrieved 2009-06-
Suite · Sales Force 02.
8. "Cloud Computing:
App Engine · Upscale Clash of the
Azure · Engine Yard clouds". The
Platforms Economist. 2009-
Force.com · Right Scale
S3 · SimpleDB · 10-15.
http://www.econom
EC2 · Cloud storage ist.com/displaystor
gateway · Eucalyptus y.cfm?
Infrastructur story_id=14637206
Flexi Scale · Go Grid
e . Retrieved 2009-
Nimbus · Open Stack
Rack space Cloud 11-03.
9. Cloud Computing
Computer network Defined
Security · Datacenters 07/17/2010.
Technologies Retrieved
Cloud storage · Internet
Structured storage 07/26/2010.
10. http://www.sellsbro
thers.com/writing/i
 References:- ntro2tapi/default.as
px?
content=pstn.htm
1. www.google.com
2. www.wikipedia.co
m
3. www.computerwee
kly.com
4. www.platform.com
5. Distinguishing
Cloud Computing
from Utility
Computing
6. Gartner Says Cloud
Computing Will Be
As Influential As
E-business
7. Gruman, Galen
(2008-04-07).
"What cloud