THE BAYER

CLIMATE PROGRAM

Science For A Better Life

CONTENTS

Editorial 3

How the climate is created : From weather to climate 4

Climate change : Humankind is changing the climate 6

Climate protection and climate policy : Ambitious goals 8

The Bayer Climate Program : One billion euros for climate protection 10

EcoCommercial Building : Intelligent building 12

Agriculture and nutrition : Stress-tolerant plants 14

Climate protection and the chemical industry : The Bayer Climate Check 18

Children’s painting competition :
LIVING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE 20

A challenge from the children : How do children perceive climate change? 22

Werner Wenning,
Chairman of the Board of Management of Bayer AG

Dear Reader,
Global climate change is one of the most dominant issues of our age. Its impact on our lives is
considerable – ecosystems and species are disappearing, extreme weather conditions are becom-
ing more frequent, glaciers are melting and sea levels are rising.

As a large industrial company, Bayer does naturally emit greenhouse gases – but we are also part
of the solution. In many different ways, our products play their part in saving energy and con-
serving resources. And when it comes to our plants, we have already made great progress as far as
climate protection is concerned. Between 1990 and 2007, we cut our CO2 emissions by more than
a third, primarily as a result of improved energy efficiency.

In the future, too, we aim to raise the bar and pursue new, ambitious emissions targets. To that
end, we are investing EUR 1 billion in a Group-wide Climate Program that features pioneering
projects and brings together our particular skills as an inventor company.

This brochure outlines the complex relationships that exist within our climate system, the im-
pact on climate of humankind and the actions being taken to tackle climate change on a political
level. It also documents Bayer’s objective to lead the way when it comes to climate protection.

In the second section, this brochure features pictures from a painting competition initiated
jointly by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Bayer that illustrate the
extent to which climate change is already embedded in the consciousness of children and young
people throughout the world.

We want to use our commitment to climate protection to develop more solutions to help us deal
with the challenges the future will bring – a goal that is true to our Mission Statement “Bayer:
Science For A Better Life.”

I hope you will find this brochure both interesting and informative.

g. degrees Celsius. The key factor is the time re- quired to generate a statistical mean – the usual timescale is 30 years. substances occur in the atmosphere ago. rapidly and then pass on. methane The current interglacial period. release it during the night. it would be bitterly weather actually represents the day. or a more and nitrous oxide. The Earth’s atmosphere is a master. Geological processes and the position of the Earth relative to the Sun create activity and change. the ocean and the atmosphere plays an stored. the climate and the Descriptions of the effects of global ground-level air tempera- weather are mistakenly assumed greenhouse gases are often ture of 15 degrees Celsius. important role. Without to be one and the same. such as a also of carbon dioxide (CO2). Often. globe. usually they prevent warmth radiating out fluctuations (e.000 years persistent zone of high pressure. primary greenhouse gases. The majority of the water absorbed evaporates through the leaves region. It is only when changes occur in the statistics relating to meteorological data that climate researchers begin to refer to climate change. at a specific location over an extended period of time. humidity and clouds. or forms groundwater. HOW THE CLIMATE IS CREATED FROM WEATHER TO CLIMATE Our climate is in a constant state of change – it has never remained static. into space and generate an average The climate is very different. The somewhat one-sided. the atmosphere’s natural balance precipitation. brief area of low pressure. . continent or even the entire and regulates the humidity of the air. has alternated between warm It is only possible to forecast the in only a very low concentration. wind. piece of Mother Nature – the Earth is due to greenhouse gas emissions The weather itself is the result of is surrounded by a protective shield caused by humans (anthropogenic meteorological conditions that arise consisting mainly of water vapor. The interaction between Rainwater gathers in rivers and of dead plants in which carbon is lakes. and cold spells without any extreme weather for a limited period. The area Clouds regularly form along mountain Plants absorb CO2 during the day and partially in question can be large or small. greenhouse gases. The cli- mate represents the average weather conditions. The climate is defined by complex natu- Humus is formed from the remains ral processes. The climate is therefore a statistical representation of the weather. no more than a week in advance. Although these which began almost 12. a slopes and cause rain to fall. ice age). The disturbance of atmosphere – temperature. We owe our ability to live to the cold with temperatures of minus 18 to-day changes in the state of our natural. including extreme How the climate is created values. but emissions – see next chapter).

500 km. the airless expanse Our climate system consists of Earth’s climate is defined of space begins various components known as by the interaction between upwards of approx. sea ice. to compensate for temperature The Earth’s climate is defined pri. lakes. Thermosphere The atmosphere is one of these. the high est disruptions to these subsystems specific heat capacity of water helps 50 km can result in dramatic changes. becomes cooler. In addition. snow and Mesosphere permafrost. Troposphere The water evaporates. Even the small. Ozone layer 17 km A volcano erupts. as + Life can exist because of is the hydrosphere with all the seas. Earth. . of the ocean. This transports Stratosphere water accounts for 71 percent of the large volumes of energy over long Earth’s surface. sphere. climate processes. life would from the Sun is transformed into not be possible at all in the higher 25 km warmth mainly in the surface layer latitudes. activating all the various surface of the water. The layers of the atmosphere. The climate warmed. non-linear dynamic subsystems. fluctuations in the atmosphere. IN BRIEF The Bayer Climate Program + The weather and the 4 5 climate are not one and the same – the weather repre- sents the current state of the atmosphere. + The climate is a statisti- cal representation of the weather at a specific 500 km Exosphere location over an extended period of time. releasing gases The sun’s energy reaches the The sun warms the into the atmosphere. It is only through man’s Another key component is the influence that they become 80 km a threat. Radiation energy distances and. The + Among other factors. rivers. cryosphere which encompasses the inland ice masses. the ocean and the atmo. rain and groundwater. The final components are the marine and terrestrial bio- sphere and the soil. One marily by the interaction between other crucial factor is the system the ocean and the atmosphere – of ocean currents. Water from deeper levels rises towards the surface and is Cold water sinks to Ice sheets reflect the light. deeper levels. natural greenhouse gases. without it.

These likely that humankind is to blame. Soils and organic material: Reservoirs of oil and gas: 1. for the greenhouse effect – similar to a tory – they found no such evidence. Institute for Environmental Studies. coal. 2001 and 2007. oil and gas. illness and water The Panel’s fourth assessment report of November 2007 made one thing Ever since the process of indus- shortages. billions of tons of carbon have been bound up under- Carbon dioxide is released when ground and in the oceans in the form of fossil fuels are burned. University of Wisconsin.000 years of his. They are responsible looked back on 650. Okanagan University College (Canada). humankind has had a really happening. World Watch. This process is A balanced climate depends on careful regulation of carbon levels. sands of years. Madison (United States). global warming could lead research results on climate change. The global carbon cycle For millions of years. For millions of The Intergovernmental Panel on historical record of the Earth that Climate Change (IPCC) collates stretches back hundreds of thou- people. If the carbon is burnt. CLIMATE CHANGE HUMANKIND IS CHANGING THE CLIMATE Climate change has already be. The red text indicates where emissions are released by man. to starvation. IPCC. The scientists’ forecasts don’t dioxide (CO2) far exceeds anything make for comfortable reading. Climate change is direct impact on the atmosphere. The blue text indicates where and how much carbon is bound up in nature. glass dome under which the tempera- The current concentration of carbon ture is constantly rising. “green lungs” of the Earth and 610 billion metric tons emit greenhouse gases. Industry causes emissions that affect the Areas used to grow plants and it is converted into gaseous CO2 and climate and contributes to the pressure placed farm livestock restrict the enters the atmosphere. identified from ice cores – a type of come a reality. primarily as a result of burning fos- ing on life on Earth and it is highly sil fuels such as coal and oil.580 billion metric tons 300 billion metric tons Sources: Center for Climatic Research. Nature. anthropogenic (caused by humankind) In order to identify a comparable greenhouse gases are increasing at a period of development. It is already impact. Biosphere between 540 and on the natural cycle in a number of ways. Institute of Geography. . November/December 1998. picking up pace. very clear – there can no longer be trialization that took place in the any doubt that global warming is 18th century. scientists dangerous rate.

Atmosphere: Cities are characterized by sealed ground. for example. bear little responsibility for climate Earth has warmed by 0. the consequences of extreme weather what action humankind must take highest level for 10. Some very poor countries that themselves Over the past 100 years. the ice could China. the 21st century. 750 billion metric tons high energy consumption and high emissions of exhaust gases.74 de.000 billion metric tons Dissolved organic carbon: Lithosphere: Marine and rock deposits between Sediments: 150 billion 700 billion metric tons 50. the air. to three degrees Celsius compared photosynthesis and generate oxygen. droughts. to rise even further. It’s important to note increasing. tion and tropical storms is also change are already suffering the grees Celsius. causing the increasing all the time.4 to 5. sea levels are rising. pressure on the atmosphere due to the release of emissions that impact on the climate. The question now is the Celsius in the average global ground. The likelihood of extreme 20 to 30 percent of all plant and ani- weather conditions such as heat mal species will be under threat if Vehicles emit CO2 that is The constant increase in air travel puts harmful to the climate.000 years.020 billion metric tons Hydrosphere: 38. The seas are becoming consequences of the rising oceans. If. sea level. Melting glaciers. The potential scale to which it will develop – and level air temperature by 2100. the plants are no longer able rise in anthropogenic greenhouse gases.000 and 100.8 degrees polar ice sheets are causing the seas change. there has been a marked to values in the pre-industrial era. Land masses in the higher anthropogenic emissions on Earth + There is an increased northern latitudes are the most likelihood of extreme increased by 70 percent and the concen. Trees bind CO2 through + Since industrialization. affected by global warming. IN BRIEF The Bayer Climate Program + Climate change is a reality 6 7 and humankind is one of accelerated by excessive agriculture and its primary causes. and as some scientists suggest.000.000. sea level to rise considerably. A rise in temperature increases failures.000 Marine organisms: Carbon reservoirs: billion metric tons 3 billion metric tons 3. However. Greenland ice sheet is exceeded by The impact of emerging nations such as a significant degree. widespread. Surface water: 1. tration of CO2 by as much as 80 percent. conditions caused by climate in order to mitigate the impact of change include flooding. the ice is melting. heavy precipita. Projec. the global temperature rises by two deforestation. the criti- Global greenhouse gas emissions total starvation and illness are cal temperature threshold for the becoming more around 50 billion metric tons each year. weather. large last 50 years was almost double that 18 – 53 centimeters in the course of expanses of the country lie below of the previous half century.000 billion metric tons metric tons . crop climate change. the waves. that the rise in temperature over the warmer and are expected to rise by In Bangladesh. India and Brazil on this figure is melt away completely. starvation and the spread the amount of water vapor in of dangerous diseases like malaria. Shipping also increases the pressure on the environment worldwide. to cope – between 1970 and 2002 alone. tions suggest that there will probably shrinking ice caps and weakening There is no way to halt climate be an increase of 1.

Japan. Japan. welcomed thousands of delegates As part of the Kyoto Protocol. homes. an amendment greenhouse gas emissions on a joint to the United Nations Framework basis. transportation. the industrial nations pledge it comes to climate protection. at the time this estimate In July 2008. at that (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Under of 21 percent. vowed to uphold tion was just one percent of the the spirit of Kyoto. CLIMATE PROTECTION AND CLIMATE POLICY AMBITIOUS GOALS Climate protection is one of the biggest challenges facing the world – both now and in the future. And the responsibility of the UN Climate the Germans are keen to continue Change Conferences. According to a subject to regulation – carbon dioxide report published in 2006 by the for. and expires in 2012. In contrast.” The combination of existing greenhouse gases. The Kyoto setting the pace with plans for 40 . and is the first tion? As far as the IPCC is con.200 billion. “Yes. eight major industrial nations have now expressly declared their com- Back in December 1997. It is becoming clearer than ever that the way in which we address climate change is very much in the hands of our political leaders. Nicholas Stern. special system known as burden ence devoted to climate protection. the mitment to halving greenhouse gas imperial city of Kyoto. By implementing a reduction in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Toyako. inaction partially halogenated hydrofluoro- would consume five percent of the carbons (HFCs). the answer is a definitive ing target values for emissions of Emissions caused by industry. Under Ever since then. Is climate protection a viable Protocol came into force in 2005 technical and financial proposi. that means a bot- Convention on Climate Change tom line of minus eight percent by (UNFCCC) signed by 154 nations 2012. The world’s worldwide gross domestic product. nitrous oxide (N2O).2 percent CO2 emissions. of stability. When result in a far more tolerable level 2012. (CO2. a group of signatory has been identified with one name – states can fulfill the targets for the Kyoto Protocol. emissions by 2050. a from across the globe to a confer. perfluorocarbons worldwide growth each year. the G8 Summit in was made the cost of climate protec. agricul- and upcoming technologies that During what is known as the first ture and slash and burn are major will soon be market-ready could commitment period from 2008 to causes of global warming. such agreement to lay down bind- cerned. mer chief economist of the World methane (CH4). Bank. sharing applies in Europe. time equivalent to US$ 2. climate protection this system. Germany wants to this convention. For the EU. the formulation of achieve three quarters of the entire global climate protection targets is savings potential in Europe. The market for energy to reduce their greenhouse gas emis- one of the key tasks is to reduce generation excluding carbon fuels sions by an average of 5. is estimated to be US$ 500 billion compared to 1990 levels. Six gases are annually in 2050. serves as a reference value).

The first commitment environmentally friendly new technolo- period draws to a close in 2012. yet a one degree the climate and relieve some of the reduction in room temperature can strain on your wallet. Every home could make en- ings should use renewable sources ergy savings of more than 10 percent to cover 15 percent of their energy simply by switching off the standby requirements. percent. domestic appliances. ternative energies (such as wind power). the car at home more often or simply 70 percent of the energy consumed taking your foot off the gas. The aim is to more than double the proportion of renew- able energy used in the generation of power. Energy-saving lights protection – it’s also up to the use 80 percent less power than con- average man and woman on the ventional lightbulbs. function on televisions. Europe aims to cut its greenhouse gas and changes in the home (use of energy- emissions by 20 percent by 2020. IN BRIEF Examples of a proactive approach to climate protection include the use of al- + Climate protection is a major global challenge. in automotive engineering) + Overall. + The Kyoto Protocol marks a sea change in inter- national climate policy. Energy saving begins at home. etc. And by leaving street.). saving lightbulbs. + Germany aims to achieve a reduction of 40 percent if the EU strives for a reduction of 30 percent. increasing it to up to 30 percent by 2030. The Bayer Climate Program 8 9 percent fewer emissions by 2020 compared to 1990 – provided the EU as a whole reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent in the same period.g. . you can within a household is used for both play your part in protecting heating purposes. a catalog of 29 individual measures to reduce the energy consumed by heating. The volume of energy produced by cogeneration will also be boosted significantly by cut the heat energy required by six 2020 while. cars and businesses. In August 2007. CD players and computers. the German government agreed on the cor- nerstones of an integrated energy and climate program. gies (e. new build. The energy con- It’s important to remember that sumption of some refrigerators and it’s not just companies that can freezers can be two or three times and should contribute to climate that of others. in the future.

the most energy-intensive Bayer is responsible for emitting major investment in the develop. As a large industrial company. by over 37 percent. Bayer is investing EUR 1 billion in a unique climate protection program. the Group in many different ways. of the subgroups. named “Best in Class” in the Carbon Disclosure Leadership Index in 2008 for the fourth time in a row. This index identi- fies Bayer as an international leader in climate protection. period to 2010 alone. Lowering Bayer’s own CO2 emissions and developing new solutions for climate protection and tackling climate change – the Bayer Climate Program was launched Bayer was the only European company in the industry to be at an international press conference in Leverkusen in November 2007. the rate of innovation for climate protection. EUR 1 billion terms. Bayer CropScience and all.” says Bayer technological expertise. is set to lower its greenhouse gases. above action plan that pools the company’s period. part of the solution. buildings and refrigerators and for constructing lightweight automotive components. However. of the first DAX 30 groups to bring greenhouse gases by 15 percent and When it comes to effective climate together all of its global measures five percent respectively in absolute protection. In the period to 2010 alone. THE BAYER CLIMATE PROGRAM ONE BILLION FOR CLIMATE PROTECTION According to IPCC findings. Bayer Material. Over the same the environment. Bayer has been actively involved in products are already helping to tion of cutting-edge techniques. Bayer is one Bayer HealthCare will reduce their Chairman Werner Wenning. new climate protection for many years. as a ment of climate-friendly products specific greenhouse gas emissions research-based company. . Examples of energies and the development of reduced its carbon dioxide emissions include products for insulating alternative fuels. The Bayer Climate Program influences the rate at which climate are available for this project over the has also initiated pioneering projects change progresses – such innova. Much depends on how rapidly this change takes place and how mankind responds to it. this first global ranking for climate protection selects those that offer effective strategies for tackling climate change. Bayer also and processes are the hallmarks per metric ton of sold product by helps to save energy and protect of the Bayer Climate Program – an a quarter by 2020. save energy and conserve resources technologies for more efficient use Between 1990 and 2007. “We are. Ambitious production targets and Science. Of the 500 largest listed companies in the world. (see following pages) and Bayer tion includes the intelligent applica. climate change will bring about dramatic changes to our lives and the ecosystems.

IN BRIEF The Bayer Climate Program + Between 1990 and 10 11 2007.” These include for example. In addition. For example. this interna.000. the Bayer Group reduced its greenhouse agement and support to scientists companies. And with concepts for higher yields on smaller areas. with politicians. it’s all about leading by example.000 staff employed by the Group maintain its absolute greenhouse gas emis. the Bayer 100. biotechnology from Bayer supports the agriculture of the future. Bayer is setting the standard in climate protection with a carefully integrated portfolio of projects and measures. “EcoFleet” is an initiative tional prize is awarded for work in to increasingly employ vehicles with climate research. help of new ideas and new technolo- of the Bayer corporate philosophy. NGOs and other innovation is the key. Bayer views the Climate gas emissions by over and young people involved in Program as a fully integrated plan 37 percent. The Climate Check is a control instrument for use in production that identifies potential for saving energy and cutting CO2 levels while also taking pre- production processes into account. – Climate Protection. . Climate protection is the door That’s why part of the Bayer Climate use in an ongoing process of dialogue to major new opportunities – and Program focuses on giving encour. growth in production volumes. Science & Education Foundation have an important role to play – after sions at 2007 levels has established new programs based all. developing solutions for climate of action. The EcoCommercial Building offers a concept for a zero-emission building that is applicable in all climate zones. That means that the over + Bayer expects to change. A commitment to social issues “Bayer Climate Fellows” project Ambitious climate protection tar- and a contribution to sustainable supports particularly committed and gets can only be achieved with the development are the cornerstones talented young people. Bayer also puts its expertise to good gies. until 2020 despite the around the topic of “Climate Change When it comes to business trips. Boasting a prize technology that makes many flights period to 2010 alone. The Foundation’s lower carbon dioxide emissions. the Group is turning the Bayer Climate Award which was to more climate-conscious means + Bayer is investing EUR 1 billion in a unique launched in 2008 and is presented of mobility and using conferencing climate program in the every two years. fund of EUR 50. redundant.

buildings accounts for almost 20 percent of total greenhouse The EcoCommercial Building also harnesses the energy storage capac- gas emissions worldwide. Based on an annual against the cold. systems and MaterialScience’s 1. on a yearly average. needs itself – from power. define a new standard in sustainable additional display hall of almost industrial architecture. for example. Polyurethanes are an average. the primary Bayer MaterialScience is a world When the sun shines. a battery concern is to protect houses leader in the polyurethane stores energy. have an insulating effect and their . this ing is being built near New Delhi for preventing both heat loss and concept for zero-emission buildings in India. The energy saved by is better than adapting its cooling the temperature barely falls below polyurethane insulating materials is and heating system to the climate. heat gain. Using rigid polyurethane in the commercial and industrial it is not unusual for temperatures foams is therefore a particularly sector subscribes to the idea that in the shade to reach 40 degrees convincing solution in terms of the adapting a building to the climate Celsius and. Insulat. energy consumption in production process consumes less energy than that of glass. transport technologies are brought together to meter Innovation Center and an and usage). Bayer also + The first EcoCommercial provides components for photovol- Building in New Delhi aims taic modules made of thermoplastic to consume 70 percent less energy.200-square- their lifecycle (production. In this part of the world. open in 2009.” Ap. 25 degrees. this innovative building the situation is reversed. the EcoCommercial + Bayer’s EcoCommercial Building – using BMS Building can meet its entire energy technology to create zero. with integral component of a pioneering generates at least as much energy as large amounts of energy devoted project being carried out as part of it draws from the supplier. to keeping buildings cool. In Central Europe. and hot water to cooling. The building is scheduled to IN BRIEF investors. Experts are the same size are set to require a confident that intelligent use of ef. Bayer more than 70 times that required for The best materials. In warmer climes industry. The first EcoCommercial Build- conductivity are particularly suitable plicable throughout the world. supports and ceilings to balance the temperature through- out the cycle of day and night. region – while still ensuring rooms ings – a proposal that is naturally of remain at a comfortable tempera- considerable economic interest to ture. ECOCOMMERCIAL BUILDING INTELLIGENT BUILDING According to figures from the IPCC. good 70 percent less energy than ficient insulating materials can halve conventional buildings in this the energy consumption of build. energy balance. resources for generating renewable solar energy. Nevertheless. the Bayer Climate Program – the ing materials with low thermal “EcoCommercial Building. Polycarbonate panels for transparent roofing. polyurethanes. ity of concrete. too. heating emission buildings. + Almost 20 percent of all Based on insulation made of Bayer greenhouse gas emissions materials and the building’s own are the result of energy consumption in buildings.

Window design Stepped facade The size of the windows is The lower section of the determined by the amount building is set back under the of daylight required at the upper section. the more effectively it will prevent heat loss and gain. the build- ity of the building. This makes it the ideal choice for the atrium roofing. . As poly- urethane has extremely low thermal conductivity. The Bayer Climate Program 12 13 EcoCommercial Building Sophisticated design. lightweight and break- resistant. In ing supports. floor panels terms of insulating and ceiling panels cool the performance. Polyurethane reduces Cold storage the thermal conductiv- During the day. Effective insulation can halve a build- ing’s energy consumption. insulation panels made of this plastic are the ideal way to achieve dramatic reductions in heating and cool- ing requirements. intelligent use of cutting-edge technology and expertise from Bayer MaterialScience all combine to make the EcoCommercial Building an environmentally friendly and economical building solution for the future. The lower the thermal conductivity of the insulating material. Solar power Makrolon roof The solar cells are embed. This reduces workplaces in the building. released at night. This warmth is used materials. the plastic surroundings by absorb- outstrips all commonly ing warmth. The high-tech plastic ded in thermoplastic provides protection polyurethane from Bayer from the heat and is MaterialScience. the amount of sun shining Insulating material directly into the building.

Although many soil salinity – can reduce yields by and has a considerable impact on the plants are able to withstand high up to 80 percent. This can temperatures. climate and plant growth is a drought. increased light stress and quences for humankind and nature complex one. Climate research- production of staple foods. Demand for foodstuffs is rising and the land available for cultivation is becoming scarce. there are limits to ers expect extreme weather events be a contributory factor in food crises. 850 million people are suffering from hunger and malnutrition. The expected increase in average The relationship between the Abiotic stress factors – such as heat. temperatures poses serious conse. growing prosperity in the emerging nations is bringing about a rapid change in consumer habits. Yet at the same time. AGRICULTURE AND NUTRITION STRESS-TOLERANT PLANTS The world’s population is increasing all the time. like hurricanes. floods and droughts . how much heat they can tolerate.

research is comes in. Research climate? How can the issue of global greater use of plants as fuels. At Bayer CropScience’s research center in Ghent. This can initiated a number of projects to only be achieved by using an inte- make plants more stress-resistant grated approach that encompasses Grain is a staple food for a large proportion of the world’s population. Belgium. metabolism in plants. This in turn helps to meet the needs of the ever-increasing global population.e. cold with the need to meet the world. but they are be- coming increasingly difficult to become more frequent. that’s where Bayer CropScience’s more expensive. Bayer is work- ing on biotech solutions for use in Safeguarding and boosting crop Bayer is carrying out intensive this field. the help to meet the growing demand Bayer CropScience subgroup has for agricultural products. This approach also represents new + Use of new crop protection The solution is to develop strate. Today’s modern technology can make plants more resistant and deliver higher yields. i. As part research into solutions that can of the Bayer Climate Program. food. . while shows a close correlation between bioenergy production be reconciled ensuring that the cultivation of the stress factors drought. and energy wide demand for food? the production of food. irriga- need to meet the demand for food shortages. yields plays a vital role. heat. tion technology and fertilization. capable of supplying food to tion technology and cutting. optimized cultiva. according edge biotechnology. is growing at the rate of-the-art plant biotechnology. new crop protection solutions. Could plants be the yield per hectare of land under extensive experience in this area the alternative fuel that can fill the cultivation. Cereals that deliver a higher yield could help to safeguard food supplies for people worldwide. recognizes the potential of state- to estimates. and destroy entire crops and thus cause must be reconciled with the optimized crop rotation. com- can we safeguard crops and increase prehensive crop protection is more yields? Fossil fuels are increas. work is carried out to optimize crop plants such as rice. such plants does not conflict with and high light intensity. How harvests are to be safeguarded. canola (below right) and cotton (below left). seeds phenomena have the power to + The production of bioenergy with higher potential yields. If of 80 million people each year. solutions. and achieve a significant increase essential than ever before – and ingly scarce and energy is becoming in agricultural productivity. New active ingredients gap and help to improve the global being carried out into ways to make help to protect harvests. IN BRIEF The Bayer Climate Program + Demand for foodstuffs is 14 15 growing. In addition. opportunities in terms of modern gies. These to produce. plant cultivation methods and a global population that.

In for diesel fuel in India. the ex- a negative impact on the ingredients used in crop protec. cessive use of food crops to produce production of food crops. it could replace a research is now being extended to and is good for the environment. CropScience in Canada. the for a plant that can produce the oil high energy consumption when potential of biofuels should be har. This plant is Jatropha the plant reacts to stress – a factor nessed as an alternative to fossil fu. + Excessive cultivation of approach is based on the stress-re. Canola is a raw material for the family that was formerly used for its losses. a high-yielding Confidor – significantly increase variety of canola developed by Bayer the salt tolerance of rice. The discussion second involves the development of succeeded in reducing the activity revolves around the question of innovative crop protection solutions of a gene responsible for generating whether. biodiesel can ing oil crop does not conflict with reactions to stress demonstrated a reduce CO2 emissions considerably. canola is a food crop. Bayer crop protection products issue in two ways. certain insecti. + Bayer is developing higher. and to what extent. One chemical However. higher than that of similar seeds. fuel for cars is a contentious issue. Admire and cultivation – InVigor. significant proportion of the demand corn. . delivers a biodiesel yield around 20 percent Canola is the subject of contro. The Scientists working on canola have versial discussion. This Canola therefore makes a good fuel a few years time. view of rising food prices and the canola as a fuel could have ducing effect of established active need to safeguard supplies. of the future. The first is an containing the active ingredient innovative means of significantly imidacloprid – sold under the increasing the productivity of canola brand names Gaucho. the production of foodstuffs and. not. IN BRIEF + Controversy surrounds the use of canola as a source of biofuel. cotton and rice. a member of the Euphorbia that can lead to dramatic crop els. Compared purgative properties. Under dry field conditions. in considerable increase in yield. cides can have a positive effect on yielding canola and promot- ing Jatropha curcas growth regardless of whether the Bayer is following this debate as an alternative plant is infested with insects or very closely and is addressing the source of biofuel. This high-yield- plants with reduced defensive to conventional fuel. curcas. For example. production of biodiesel. tion.

However. Like all green plants. slash and burn cultivation. Bayer CropScience is helping to make the cultivation of raw materials for biofuels and of foodstuffs more compatible by carrying out research into stress-resistant. More than 30 percent of the seed of Jatropha (or purging nut) is made up of inedible oil. and deforestation which destroy around one million hectares of forest each year. they are under great threat as a result of fires. trees use photosynthesis to bind carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. With a cetane number of around 60 (compared to canola’s 54). high-yielding plants and developing innovative crop protection solutions for Jatropha. The plant helps to regenerate the soil and protect the climate. By cleansing the Earth’s atmosphere. it is one of the world’s most effective vegetable oils for use in technical applications. . That’s why Bayer is support- ing “Plant for the Planet: the Billion Tree Campaign” organized by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The Bayer Climate Program 16 17 Jatropha prospers on barren GREEN LUNGS ground that is unsuitable for the cultivation of food crops. forests carry out a crucial and irreplaceable role. Forests are the green lungs of the Earth. We need the forests to help us tackle climate change – so saving them is one of the most important aspects of climate protection.

CLIMATE PROTECTION AND THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY THE BAYER CLIMATE CHECK Energy is fundamental to chemistry. The Group For that reason alone. . For virtually every single developments in the generation. ing process. Raw materials and energy are This is where the “Bayer Climate key production and cost factors. companies uses this tool developed by Bayer have a vested interest in using Technology Services to analyze resources as efficiently as they possi. production processes worldwide bly can. storage and usage of energy would process. be practically impossible without new solutions in the chemical industry. Chemistry has a key role to – including aspects such as raw play in environmental and climate materials. technologies of Bayer production. Equally. many products of chemi. Crucial percent. greenhouse gases emitted as a result and protecting the climate. gas or heat. with the climate. the chemical industry requires power. It is expected Bayer analyzes its production sites and products from the chemical that emissions of direct and indirect worldwide in order to minimize industry are helping to save energy greenhouse gases in the Group will emissions of gases that impact on in other fields and thereby prevent be reduced by a further five to 10 the climate. greenhouse gas emissions. Check” comes in. Throughout their life and determine their interaction span. This check affects Innovative technologies and products cal production are already saving around 100 subgroup plants that from the chemical industry play an considerably more energy than they are responsible for 85 percent of the important role in conserving resources require during their manufactur. logistics and energy – protection.

these are all extremely pertinent is the “Climate Impact Analysis. logistics and the energy used have on Heat the climate. quantities crucial to evaluating the The Bayer Climate Check is an als used have on the climate? impact different process variants objective instrument that enables Are the type of energy used and the and sites have on the climate. + The Bayer Climate Check – an objective instrument that analyzes production Bayer is developing solutions that will processes to determine their interaction with the reduce the “Climate Footprint. example. systematic. The second component inspection agency in Germany. It is made up of potential for saving CO2 has been two components – the specially de. it is possible to assess veloped key performance indicator measures for optimizing processes “Climate Footprint” identifies the and plants. for been certified by TÜV Süd. Transportation Raw materials Reduced emissions A gglobal commitment to the climate BBayer is taking steps to increase efficiency at some Bay 100 plants worldwide. Bayer checks what effect Products raw materials. sustain- means of supply as efficient as they serves as an important source able documentation and internal can be? What is the best way to or.” which sym- climate. The Climate Footprint has ganize logistics processes? From an plans and technology projects. The map shows the Group’s key sites across the world. It Bayer to ensure transparent. of information for investment reporting. What effects do the raw materi. This allows production to be optimized Cooling fur further and made more climate-friendly.” a questions. An advertising reduction of greenhouse campaign clearly illustrates the Group’s gas emissions in the Group. bolizes the negative effects humankind’s + Overall goal – the ongoing actions have on the climate. IN BRIEF The Bayer Climate Program + The chemical industry 18 19 offers a wide range of po- tential solutions to protect Conserving Resources Protecting the Climate e the environment and the Science For A Better Life climate. Production Electricity . Once the easy to understand. climate-focused exami- The Bayer Climate Check stands nation of manufacturing processes out because it is transparent and and production plants. an official ecological production perspective. commitment to the environment. Bayer checks its production plants worldwide to determine how their processes interact with the climate. identified.

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As her pic- ture clearly illustrates.CHILDREN’S PAINTING COMPETITION ORGANIZED BY UNEP AND BAYER LIVING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE Lakshmi Shree (10). Lakshmi. who lives in this metropolis in southern India. INDIA A lack of rain and a sinking groundwater table have already caused the level of the lake on the edge of the city of Bengaluru to drop by half. . chose this as the place to present her image of climate change. the felling of trees in India is playing a key role in climate change.

Jiang Ziyan (9). She presents her picture in a coal mine near the Chinese capital – a city that suffers more from air pollution than almost any other. CHINA In her picture. Jiang from Beijing chose to highlight the negative effects of burning coal. .

all of the paintings expressed one common message: “Take care of our planet.. Although they were all very different. and set a clear challenge to the adults. It’s the only one we have!” Working on behalf of Bayer. photographer Peter Ginter (see photo below) visited eight of the young artists in their home countries.. . 13.500 children from 104 countries sent in their pictures which captured their experiences. The Bayer Climate Program A CHALLENGE FROM THE CHILDREN 22 23 How do children perceive CLIMATE CHANGE? Every year. fears and hopes . He photographed them and their paintings in their local environment. In 2007. The images make it strikingly clear that the children’s paintings relate directly to their own personal experience – they are uncomfortably close to the bone. Bayer and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) organize an International Children’s Painting Competition. the young artists were asked to focus on the topic of climate change.

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This sad reality is echoed in this painting by Zayaan (in the yellow T-shirt) from Dhaka. . The Bayer Climate Program 24 25 Zayaan Masood (12). BANGLADESH Time and time again. people in Bangladesh are forced to gather up all their belongings and flee from flooding.

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. a lengthy period of persistent heat and dryness unleashed cata- strophic forest fires in California. The Bayer Climate Program 26 27 Renée Wang (13). It depicts how people react to disasters triggered by their actions – disasters they could also prevent. UNITED STATES In fall 2007. Renée from Saratoga presents her picture in a charred forest near San Diego.

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Man can choose whether to pollute 28 29 or rescue the Earth – he has the knowledge and ability to do both. .Rajarshi Khan (12). INDIA The Bayer Climate Program Rajarshi’s painting shows humankind at a crossroads. Rajarshi presents his picture against a backdrop of felled trees in Ranchi in north-east India where forests are disappearing on a daily basis – a resource the Earth cannot afford to lose.

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there will be erosion and floods and people will starve. the capital of Burun- di. we put our lives in danger. The Bayer Climate Program 30 31 Guy Nindorera (12). “Without trees.” says Guy from Bujumbura. BURUNDI “If we destroy the trees. .” Guy presents his picture in the bed of the Ntahangwa river. the banks of which are scarred by deforestation and soil erosion.

Charlotte Sullivan (11). She says: “Not even all the powerful people in the world can prevent the Earth spinning out of control. It’s up to every single one of us to do something about climate change.” . Charlotte from Godalming near London won first place in the International Children’s Paint- ing Competition with this striking picture. UNITED KINGDOM The Earth has lost its protective power and is turning its back on humanity.

The Bayer Climate Program 32 33 .

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OHG Language Service Typesetting and printing: Kunst. the video “Solutions to Climate Change” is available to view and download at www. Cologne English edition CURRENTA GmbH & Co.com Image rights agentur grintsch Bayer AG corbis getty images istockphoto Design agentur grintsch. 2009.” Further details are available at www.iz@bayer-ag. Entries for the 18th International Children’s Painting Competition organized by UNEP and Bayer can be submitted until June 5.bayer. MASTHEAD : Publisher Bayer AG 51368 Leverkusen Editor Iwan Zinn iwan. In ad- dition to a wide range of other information.com. A small selection of these images is included in postcard form. Bad Oeynhausen . climate.bayer.com.zinn.und Werbedruck.bayer. a task – and hope for the future.de Bayer online www.unep.000 calls for action in 2007 and 2008. the young artists made a total of almost 30. The theme is: “Climate Change: Our Challenge. The Bayer Climate Program 34 35 A warning. With their impressive pictures.

Science For A Better Life .