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When data is transferred around a LAN the speed of transmission of the data is
sometimes important. In this context, explain what is meant by bit rate.
Give an example where a high bit rate is essential, giving a reason for your
choice.
Transfer of video files, because of large volume of data in short time period (time
sensitive).
Define what is meant by the term bit rate and explain why the bit rate is more
important in some applications than in others.
Some applications require large quantities of data in a short time interval e.g.
video
When data is transmitted in binary form it is checked using a parity check. The
following byes have been received by a device. One byte contains an error.
01101101
00111000
10101010
11101100
State which byte contains an error, giving a reason for your answer.
10101010
It has an even number of ones while the others are odd
Explain why it is possible that some of the other byes may also contain errors.
Each point of sale terminal is connected to a store computer which can look up
the price of an item and send it back to the terminal.
Duplex
Half duplex
Simplex
Half duplex is two way communication but only in one direction at a time
Identify which would be most sensible in this example, giving a reason for your
answer.
Half duplex is most suitable because the barcode is sent one way and price the
other (one before look up and one after)
When data is transferred from main memory to the hard disk drive, parallel data
transmission is used.
State what is meant by parallel data transmission and give a reason why it would
be used in this case.
Multiple bits sent simultaneously/more than one bit at a time/more than one wire
used for transmission
During the process of transferring the data to the hard disk drive, interrupts are
used.
Describe what interrupts are explain how they are used in this case.
Hard drive will empty data from buffer, when the buffer empty, hard drive needs
to tell processor so that the processor refills the buffer
Explain why half duplex data transmission is used in this case.
Explain what is meant by the term bit rate and give an example of a data file
that would need to be transmitted at a high bit rate.
State two items of hardware need to connected to a local area network (LAN);
Network card
Network card
Telephone line
Modem
When data is sent from one place to another, the transmission can be of different
types.
Describe how a parity check can be used to identify bytes containing errors.
System has been initialised to always expect either odd or even number of ones
in a byte
Each byte has one bit called the parity bit which does not contain data but is set
to 1 or 0 in order to maintain the agreed odd or even parity
When received, the number of ones should match agreed parity or byte is in
error
Three of the bytes have been received without error while one is incorrect. Ring
the incorrect byte and explain how the incorrect byte is identified in this case.
The following four bytes of data have been received after being transmitted from
one piece of hardware to another;
One byte has been rejected. State which byte has been rejected.
10101010
Even number of ones, all the others are odd therefore odd parity is used.
Calculate the sum of the following four bytes. Show your working.
01001000
10000100
00010001
00010010
11101111