Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
TOP MANAGEMENT
1. determines objectvs n policies
2. designs the basic operatin n financial structure of an orgn
3. provides guidance n directn
4. lays down standards of performance
5. maintains gud public relations
MIDDLE MGMT
1. interprets n xplains the policies framed by the top
2. issues detailed instructns
3. participates in operatin decisions
4. trains other managers
LOWER MGMT
1. plans day-2-day oprtns
2. assigns jobs to wrkrs
3. provides supervision n control over work
4. arranges material tools n equipments
5. maintains discipline
Mintzberg intensively studied five CEOs and their organizations, along with a calendar of their
scheduled appointments for a month. Additional data collected during a week of structured
observations included anecdotal data about specific activities, chronological records of activity
patterns, a record of incoming and outgoing mail, and a record of the executive's verbal
contacts with others.
On the basis of this data, Mintzberg divided managerial activities into Interpersonal,
informational and decisional roles.