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2. The main factor leading to the formation of land and sea breezes is the (1984 CE Q.29)
A. meeting of cold and warm air masses
B. differential heating of land and sea
C. rotation of the earth
D. evaporation of water
3. Which of the following are features of the type of cloud shown in the diagram? (1987 CE Q.32)
km
Ground surface
(1) It can be classified as high cloud.
(2) It is made up of tiny water droplets and ice crystals.
(3) It is usually associated with hail.
(4) It results from strong uprising air currents.
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4. In the figure below, which of the following planetary winds shown is incorrectly shown? (1987 CE Q.35)
A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
5. Assuming other factors affecting temperature are absent, which of the following best shows the relationship
between temperature and latitude? (1987 CE Q.46)
A. B.
Temperature
Temperature
Latitude Latitude
C. D.
Temperature
Temperature
Latitude Latitude
6. In which of the following regions is rain most likely to occur? (1990 CE Q.16)
A. the leeward slopes of a high mountain
B. the area under the influence of a cyclone
C. an area affected by offshore winds
D. the western side of a continent between 20˚Nand 30˚N
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7. Places which lie along the same latitude may have different diurnal ranges of temperatures on the same day.
Which of the following factors may best explain this phenomenon? (1991 CE Q.14)
(1) cloud cover
(2) distance from the sea
(3) longitude
(4) vegetation cover
8. Study the figure below. Which of the following temperature recording is most probably recorded at Y?
(1991 CE Q. 21)
Temperature (˚C)
A. 8.0
B. 11.8
C. 14.0
D. 16.7
3
9. The figure below shows the movement of winds across a mountain. Which of the following describes the
characteristics of the descending winds? (1992 CE Q.20)
10. The absence of cloud cover in tropical deserts may lead to (1992 CE Q.18)
(1) intense solar heating in daytime
(2) maximum radiation at night
(3) a low rate of evaporation
(4) a large diurnal range of temperature
11. Which of the following statements about air pressure and wind is INCORRECT? (1993 CE Q.13)
A. Wind blows from high pressure to low pressure.
B. Air pressure increases with altitude.
C. Subsiding air results in high pressure.
D. A steep pressure gradient results in strong winds.
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12. The graph shows the climatic conditions of a place. It is most probably located (1993 CE Q.14)
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14. Which of the following are correct descriptions of the monsoon system? (1994 CE Q.18)
(1) Hong Kong experiences the cold, dry northeast monsoon in winter.
(2) The eastern coast of China experiences the SE monsoon in summer.
(3) The NE monsoon blows out from central China in summer.
(4) The low pressure centre in the Pacific Ocean in July attracts NW winds.
15. Which place on the above map simplified weather chart is most likely to experience the strongest wind?
(1994 CE Q.24)
A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
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16. The figure below shows a water cycle. The rate of process X is affected by (1995 CE Q.15)
(1) humidity.
(2) wind speed.
(3) size of the sea.
(4) insolation.
A. (1), (2) and (3) only
B. (1), (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
17. Refer to the map below. Which of the following statements are correct? (1995 CE Q.17)
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18. In Hong Kong, rain is most likely to occur with the approach of (1996 CE Q.20)
(1) an anticyclone
(2) a cold front
(3) a trough
(4) a tropical cyclone
A. (1), (2) and (3) only
B. (1), (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
19. Air temperature decreases with increasing height because (1996 CE Q.24)
(1) at higher latitudes, the air is less dense
(2) at higher latitudes, the sun’s rays are less intense
(3) the sun’s rays heat the Earth surface first, which in turn warms the air
(4) at higher latitudes, and there are few impurities to absorb heat
A. (1) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1), (2) and (4) only
D. (1), (3) and (4) only
20. With reference to the diagram below, which shows two equal rays of sunlight, A and B, reaching the earth,
which of the following statements are correct? (1996 CE Q.25)
(1) The energy from the sun’s ray is more concentrated at Y than at X.
(2) There is more energy from the sun along B than along A.
(3) Y is hotter than X because it is nearer to the sun.
(4) The distance travelled by ray A through the Earth’s atmosphere to the Earth’s surface is greater
than the distance travelled by ray B.
A. (1) and (4) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
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21. In Hong Kong, south-facing slopes are warmer than north-facing slopes because (1996 CE Q.30)
(1) they receive a longer period of sunlight
(2) they are more sheltered from the cold northerly winds
(3) they are more influenced by the sea
(4) they are located at more southerly latitudes
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (3) and (4) only
C. (1), (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (3) and (4) only
22. Which of the following may affect the diurnal range of temperature of a place? (1997 CE Q.29)
(1) lapse rate
(2) presence of cloud cover
(3) distance from the sea
(4) altitude
A. (1) and (3) only
B. (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (2) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
23. Which of the following weather phenomena are common in summer in Hong Kong? (1997 CE Q.30)
(1) advection fog
(2) anticyclone
(3) thunderstorm
(4) typhoon
24. ‘X’ is a form of precipitation which is made up of ice crystals and is usually associated with thunderstorms/
‘X’ is (1998 CE Q.22)
A. frost.
B. hail.
C. sleet.
D. snow.
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25. Assuming that other factors affecting pressure are absent, which of the following best shows the relationship
between pressure and altitude? (1998 CE Q.26)
A. B.
Altitude
Altitude
Pressure Pressure
C. D.
Altitude
26. Which of the following descriptions of the climate in an urban area are correct? (1999 CE Q.31)
(1) Temperature is generally higher than in a rural area.
(2) Clouds and fog are generally more frequent than in a rural area.
(3) Precipitation is generally lower than in a rural area.
(4) Absorption of heat on the land surface is generally slower than a rural area.
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27. Refer to the air saturation curve shown in the diagram below. Which point in the diagram represents the
lowest absolute humidity? (1999 CE Q.32)
A. Point A
B. Point B
C. Point C
D. Point D
28. If the air temperature recorded at a metrological station at a height of 2000 metres is 10 ºC, the air
temperature at sea level should be (1999 CE Q.34)
A. 27 ºC
B. 23 ºC
C. 13 ºC
D. -3 ºC
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30. Refer to the diagram below. Which one best describes the daytime temperature difference between an urban
area and its adjacent rural area? (1999 CE Q.36)
31. Which of the following is the correct sequence of air movement between the equator and the 30˚ latitude?
(2000 CE Q.30)
(1) The surface air flows from the 30˚ latitude to the equator.
(2) The air over the equator is hot. It expands and rises.
(3) The upper level air moves poleward.
(4) The air contracts and sinks.
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32. Refer to the diagram below. The types of precipitation that may possibly be received at ground level are in
the form of (2000 CE Q.32)
(1) frost.
(2) snow.
(3) hail.
(4) rain.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (4) only
D. (3) and (4) only
33. Refer to the figure below. If the relative humidity at X is 60%, the relative humidity at Y will most probably
be (2000 CE Q.33)
A. below 60%.
B. above 60% but below 100%.
C. 100%.
D. exceeding 100%.
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34.
The above map of Hong Kong shows the rainfall data (mm) on one day in June. The northern part of the
New Territories receives the lowest amount of rainfall because (2000 CE Q.35)
(1) the moisture-laden winds come from the south.
(2) of the influence of continental air mass.
(3) it is located in the rain-shadow area.
(4) it is a low-lying area.
35. Which of the following conditions are required for the occurrence of condensation? (2001 CE Q.32)
(1) presence of condensation nuclei
(2) 100% relative humidity
(3) temperature below 0ºC
(4) strong convective currents
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36.
37. In Hong Kong, precipitation in winter is usually caused by the presence of (2001 CE Q.35)
A. a warm front.
B. a cold front.
C. a trough.
D. an anticyclone.
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38. Which of the following account(s) for the larger amount of clouds in urban areas than in rural areas?
(2001 CE Q.38)
(1) greater amount of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere of the urban areas
(2) greater amount of ozone in the atmosphere of the urban areas
(3) greater amount of particulates in the atmosphere of the urban areas
(4) greater amount of water vapour in the atmosphere of the urban areas
A. (3) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (4) only
D. (1), (2) and (4) only
39. Which of the following best describe the weather conditions associated with the passage of a cold front?
(2002 CE Q.28)
(1) drop in temperature
(2) sunny
(3) rise in pressure
(4) change in wind direction
40. Which of the following factors determine the direction of the planetary wind system? (2002 CE Q.31)
(1) different rates of heating of land mass and water body
(2) rotation of the earth
(3) tilting of the earth's axis
(4) alternate belts of high and low pressure on the earth's surface
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41.
The above figure shows the pattern of isotherms of a continent. Which of the following statements is correct?
(2002 CE Q.29)
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42. Refer to the figure below. Which of the following comparisons between slope X and slope Y are correct?
(2002 CE Q.32)
Slope X Slope Y
(1) Air is ascending. Air is descending.
(2) Winds are wet. Winds are dry.
(3) Winds bring cooling effect. Winds bring warming effect.
(4) Winds are on-shore; Winds are off-shore.
A. (1), (2) and (3) only
B. (1), (2) and (4) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
43. Which of the following are the conditions required for the occurrence of condensation?
(2003 CE Q.20)
(1) saturated air
(2) a dew-point temperature
(3) the presence of dust particles
(4) high pressure
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44. Which of the following descriptions of the planetary wind system are correct? (2003 CE Q.26)
(1) Westerlies blow out from the doldrums.
(2) Trades and westerlies diverge from the 30° latitudes.
(3) Westerlies are common at the 40° latitudes.
(4) Polar easterlies and the westerlies converge at the 60° latitudes.
45. Referring to the diagram below, the weather in Hong Kong is likely to become (2003 CE Q. 28)
(assume in March)
A. calm and dry
B. warm and dry
C. gusty and humid
D. warm and humid
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46. Refer to the saturation curve in the above diagram. If there are 25 grams of moisture in one cubic metre of
air and the air temperature is 30˚C, the relative humidity will be (2004 CE Q.26)
A. 33%
B. 63%
C. 83%
D. 100%
47. The table below shows the average climatic data of an Asian City in a certain year. Which of the following
statements are CORRECT? (2004 CE Q.27)
January July Whole year
Mean monthly temperature (˚C) 15.8 28.8 23.0
Mean relative humidity (%) 71 80 77
Total rainfall (mm) 23.4 323.5 2214.3
Amount of sunshine (h) 152.4 231.1 1948.1
Mean wind speed (km/h) 24.0 20.0 22.6
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48. Which of the following can best explain the high annual rainfall at the Equator? (2004 CE Q. 45)
A. The sunlight is intense.
B. The air pressure is high.
C. The air converges and rises.
D. The angle of the sun is high.
49. Which of the following are the major greenhouse gases? (2005 CE Q.11)
(1) methane
(2) carbon dioxide
(3) sulphur dioxide
(4) water vapour
50. The figures below are two satellite photographs showing the average annual polar ice concentration in the
Arctic Ocean in 1979 (left) and 1998 (right) respectively. What is the possible consequence of the change in
the polar ice concentration? (2005 CE Q.12)
A. coastal flooding
B. the El Nino effect
C. a higher salt content in ocean water
D. a tsunami
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51. Which of the following account for the trend shown in the figure below? (2005 CE Q.13)
52. The figure below is a satellite photograph of the Himalayas. The different positions of the glacier in different
years are marked on the photograph. These different positions in different years are caused by
(2005 CE Q.20)
A. global warming.
B. global cooling.
C. land subsidence.
D. an increase in surface vegetation.
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53. Which of the following are favourable conditions for agricultural activities brought about by a tropical
humid climate? (2005 CE Q.38)
(1) high annual rainfall
(2) high potential evapotranspiration
(3) large variations in annual rainfall
(4) abundant insolation
A. (1) and (4) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1), (3) and (4) only
D. (1), (2), (3) and (4)
54. Which of the following diagrams CORRECTLY shows the global distribution of pressure and wind patterns?
(2005 CE Q.46)
55. Refer to the table below. Assuming other conditions are the same, the climatic data shows that
(2005 CE Q. 47)
City X City Y
Maximum temperature (˚C) 25.3 22.0
Minimum temperature (˚C) -0.9 -16.1
Annual rainfall (mm) 720.0 175.3
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56. Which of the following statements about the annual distribution of insolation is CORRECT?
(2005 CE Q.48)
A. Insolation received varies with latitudes.
B. Maximum insolation is received at the Equator
C. Coastal areas receive more insolation than the interior of continents.
D. Mountainous areas receive more insolation than lowlands.
57. Which of the following is NOT a climatic impact on the agricultural development in Xinjiang?
(2005 CE Q.50)
A. A high amount of insolation in summer favours the growth of crops.
B. The cold winter limits the growing season.
C. Cloudy skies lower the summer temperature, which favours the growth of crops.
D. A limited amount of rainfall makes farming difficult.
58. Which of the following human activities would increase the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?
(2006 CE Q.31)
(1) paddy growing
(2) livestock rearing
(3) landfilling
(4) incineration
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60. Which of the following reasons can explain why the United States refused to ratify the Kyoto Protocol?
(2006 CE Q.33)
(1) It will increase the production costs of US-based industries.
(2) The United States only emit small amounts of greenhouse gases.
(3) It is unfair that less developed countries can be exempted from reducing greenhouse gas emission.
(4) The United States lacks the technology to reduce greenhouse gas emission.
61.
Mean annual
temperature
Factor X
The diagram above shows the relationship between mean annual temperature and factor X. What is factor X
likely to be? (2006 CE Q.34)
(1) latitude
(2) the angle of the sun
(3) altitude
(4) distance from the sea
25
62.
The climatic graphs above show the temperature and precipitation patterns of cities X and Y. Which of the
following descriptions correctly compare the climate characteristics of these two cities? (2006 CE Q.35)
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63.
The figure above shows the monthly net radiation and average temperature for place X at 20˚S. Which of the
following statements are CORRECT? (2006 CE Q.36)
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64.
The diagram above shows the global radiation budget in June. Which of the following can correctly describe the
radiation budget in that month? (2006 CE Q.37)
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65.
Refer to the above figure. Which of the following are the CORRECT comparisons of the climatic characteristics
between place A and place B? (2007 CE Q.11)
Place A Place B
(1) Annual amount of insolation smaller larger
(2) Annual range of temperature larger smaller
(3) Annual rainfall less more
(4) Length of day longer shorter
66. The diagram below shows the pressure and wind systems in Africa in a specific season. There is one mistake
in the labelling of the diagram. Which of the following is the CORRECT amendment? (2007 CE Q.12)
A. ‘ITCZ’ should be changed to ‘subtropical high’.
B. ‘July’ should be changed to ‘January’.
C. ‘Low’ should be changed to ‘High’
D. ‘Isobars’ should be changed to ‘Isohyets’.
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67. Which of the following are the natural hazards caused by extreme weather? (2007 CE Q.13)
(1) flooding
(2) landslides
(3) forest fires
(4) tsunamis
68. Which of the following statements about the diagram below are CORRECT? (2007 CE Q.14)
(1) It is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
(2) The sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer.
(3) The Arctic Circle receives 24 hours of daylight on that day.
(4) There are 12 hours of daylight at the Equator on that day.
69. Which of the following human activities and their respective effects on greenhouse gases are CORRECT?
(2007 CE Q.15)
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70. Study the climatic graphs of two cities, X and Y, and their locations on the map below. Which of the
following factors explain the climatic differences between the two countries? (2005 CESP)
(1) latitude
(2) maritime influence in City X
(3) dominance of high pressure in City X
(4) continentality in City Y
A. (1) and (3) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1), (2) and (4) only
D. (1), (3) and (4) only
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71.
Which of the following descriptions about the map above are CORRECT? (2008 CE Q.24)
(1) This map shows the world distribution of isotherms in January.
(2) At the Tropic of Cancer, the temperature is higher than that at the Tropic of Capricorn.
(3) Along the same latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, the temperature of the ocean is lower than
that of the continental interior.
(4) The highest temperatures in the world occur at the Equator.
72. Which of the following best represents the distribution of pressure belts in March in the Northern
Hemisphere? (2008 CE Q.25)
Latitude
0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚
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73. Which of the following is a CORRECT statement on the factors affecting temperature? (2008 CE Q.26)
A. South facing slopes in the Northern Hemisphere are cooler than north facing slopes.
B. Ocean currents flowing equatorward are warm currents.
C. On-shore winds have a cooling effect on the coastal region in summer.
D. Land releases heat more slowly than sea in winter.
74.
pressure
Which of the following can best be represented by X in the figure above? (2008 CE Q.27)
(1) latitude
(2) temperature
(3) altitude
(4) distance from the sea
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (4) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (3) and (4) only
75. Which of the following are functions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? (2008 CE Q.29)
(1) to absorb short-wave radiation
(2) to trap the terrestrial radiation
(3) to keep the Earth’s surface warm
(4) to provide the essential substance for respiration
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76. With reference to the locations of the two places, P and Q, in the figure below, which of the following
contrasts in climatic characteristics between P and Q are CORRECT? (2008 CE Q.28)
Prepared by Ronald
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0 C B D A D B B D A B
1 B A A A D B D D B A
2 A B B B C A D B A D
3 C D B A A B B A C C
4 B A A D D C B A C A
5 D A A A D A C D D A
6 A D A B B B C A C C
7. B A C C A B
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