U.S.

History Semester Test Review Name:____________________________

Chapter 15
1. How did the Missouri Compromise seek to satisfy free and slave states on the slavery issue?

2. Free-Soil Party –

3. How was the Compromise of 1850 devised?

4. Fugitive Slave Act –

5. Why did Southerners support the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

6. What actions did John Brown take to abolish slavery?

7. abolitionist –

8. What new anti-slavery party emerged in 1854?

9. What was Roger Taney’s opinion on the Dred Scott Case?

10. Characterize Abraham Lincoln.

11. succeed --

12. How did the election of Lincoln affect the South?

11. Describe the crisis at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

Chapter 16
12. border states –

13. What were the strengths and weaknesses of the North upon entering the Civil War?

14. What were the strengths and weaknesses of the South upon entering the Civil War?

15. Anaconda Plan –

16. Describe the life of a typical soldier fighting in the Civil War.

17. Who won the First Battle of Bull Run?

18. What was the Union Army’s major objective in the West?

19. ironclad --

20. Who was Robert E. Lee?

21. Who was Frederick Douglass?

22. What were the effects of the Emancipation Proclamation?

22. In what ways did women participate in the war effort?

23. habeas corpus –

24. In what ways did the North and South come up with money to pay for the war?
25. inflation –

26. 54th Massachusetts –

27. Why was Gettysburg the decisive battle of the Civil War?

28. Who was Ulysses S. Grant?

29. total war –

30. What events led to Lee’s surrender?

Chapter 17
31. Reconstruction --

32. What was Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan?

33. What did the Radical Republicans hope to accomplish with the Wade-Davis Bill?

34. What kinds of assistance did the Freedmen’s Bureau provide to former slaves?

35. impeach –

36. Who was elected president after Johnson?

37. Who were the carpetbaggers?

38. How did the sharecropping system work?

39. How did the Compromise of 1877 resolve the disputed election between Hayes and Tilden?

40. Jim Crow laws –

Chapter 18
41. What caused western towns to boom in the mid and late 1800s?

42. Why did government support railroad construction with land grants and subsidies?

43. What were the countries of origin of the immigrants who built the transcontinental railroad?

44. What method of raising cattle replaced the “Cattle Kingdom”?

45. How did the Homestead Act work, and why did government encourage farmers to settle in the West?

46. Exodusters –

47. Why did the government open the “Indian Territory” up to “boomers” and “sooners”?

48. Why were reservations established?

49. How did western expansion of white settlers affect the Native Americans?

50. Describe the events at Little Big Horn and who was the famous American general killed there?

51. What were the goals of the Dawes Act?

52. What were cooperatives and Farmers’ Alliances and how did they help farmers?
53. populism –

54. Why did farmers who were in dept want “free silver”, and who was the presidential candidate who
championed their cause?

Chapter 19
55. How did railroad expansion affect the U.S. economy?

56. In what ways did of the implementation of standard gauge affect the railroads?

57. How did the revolutionary new inventions change business and everyday life in the 1800’s?

58. What was Henry Ford’s vision?

59. How did Rockefeller and Carnegie build fortunes in the oil and steel industries?

57. vertical integration –

58. How did corporations raise new capital; why is capital important for economic growth?

59. What is a trust, and how did Rockefeller use the Standard Oil Trust to control the oil industry?

60. sweatshops –

61. What were the things that labor unions wanted for workers?

Chapter 20
62. After the Civil War, what parts of the world did many new immigrants to the U.S. come from?
63. What were the islands on the east and west coast called where new immigrants were admitted into the
U.S.?

64. tenements –

65. Why was this time period called the “Gilded Age”?

66. What were some of the new problems that that cities experienced as they became more and more
populous?

67. What technologies allowed cities to expand upward with skyscrapers?

68. What kinds of new public transportation methods were installed in cities?

69. Why did government and business leaders believe students needed more and better schooling?

70. land grant colleges –

71. With what agricultural product did George Washington Carver find over 200 new uses for?

72. What factors made daily newspapers possible, and what was yellow journalism?

73. What were several of the new spectator sports that Americans attended during their leisure time?

74. vaudeville –

75. Where and when was Jazz music invented?