Bluetooth Definition

Bluetooth is a wireless technology that

allows computers, phones and other
devices to talk to each other over short
distances (typically about 10 meters).
Bluetooth uses radio waves (in the 2.4
Gigahertz range), and is designed to be a
secure and inexpensive way of connecting
Bluetooth Logo
and exchanging information between
devices without wires.

How does bluetooth work?

Bluetooth is similar to short range radio.

A Bluetooth device playing the role of the “master” can communicate with up to 7
devices playing the role of the “slave”. This network of “group of up to 8 devices” (1
master + 7 slaves) is called a piconet. At any given time, data can be transferred between
the master and 1 slave; but the master switches rapidly from slave to slave in a round-
robin fashion

Why Bluetooth?

The need for a cheap, standardised

communication method prompted the
invention of Bluetooth. Rather than each
manufacturer making their own standards,
and therefore only being able to connect
certain products with each other, the
Bluetooth standard is global. This means
that any Bluetooth-compatible device
made by any manyufacturer will
communicate with any other Bluetooth device.

Bluetooth Advantages

• Fast wireless data transfers

• Ability to communicate with devices that are not in a direct line of site.
• Cheap componements
• Lots of combatabe device like bluetooth headsets, phones & printers etc etc

Here’s an example of some of the things you can do with today’s Bluetooth:
Connect wirelessly to a Stay linked to your Email anywhere via Synchronize data
printer with Bluetooth LAN via a Bluetooth Bluetooth wireless quickly and wirelessly
wireless technology to wireless technology technology by between your Pocket
easily print copies of enabled network connecting your laptop PC, phone, and
your documents access point to access or Pocket PC to your computer using
emails, Internet and mobile phone Bluetooth
shared data

Use Bluetooth wireless Create instant ad-hoc Connect to the

technology in test or networks to share files Internet easily from
manufacturing to and information home with
control and monitor a Bluetooth wireless
equipment technology enabled
broadband modem

BLUETOOTH PROTOCOL STACK

Bluetooth:
Operating system requirement:

Apple has supported Bluetooth since Mac OS X v10.2

For Microsoft platforms, Windows XP Service Pack 2 and SP3

Bluetooth 1.1, 2.0 and 2.0+EDR

Windows Vista SP1 with the Feature Pack for Wireless or Windows
Vista SP2 support Bluetooth 2.1+EDR

Windows 7 supports Bluetooth 2.1+EDR and Extended Inquiry

Response (EIR).[15]

VERSIONS:

1.Bluetooth v1.1 & v1.2 :

Data transfer rate is upto 1 Mbit/s

2.Bluetooth v2.0 + EDR :

released in 2004 .The nominal rate of EDR is about 3 megabits/s

3.Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR :

on July 26, 2007

secure simple pairing (SSP): this improves the pairing experience for
Bluetooth devices, while increasing the use and strength of security

4.Bluetooth v3.0 + HS:

April 21, 2009.

It supports theoretical data transfer speeds of up to 24 Mbit/s, though

not over the Bluetooth link itself.

Hardware Requirements

The Radio Module:

Bluetooth devices operate in the 2.4GHz Industrial
Scientific Medicine (ISM) band. The RF channels used are from 2402
to 2480 MHz with a channel spacing of 1 MHz. Frequency hopping
has been implemented to reduce interference and fading. every 625
usec the channel will hop to another frequency within the 2402 to
2480 MHz range.

Power Class Maximum Output Power

1 100 mW (20 dBm)
2 2.5 mW (4 dBm)
3 1 mW (0 dBm)

The Link Module:

 This includes sending/receiving data, setting up
connections, error detection and correction, data whitening, power
management, and authentication.

The Link Module is also responsible for performing the three error
correction schemes that are defined for Bluetooth:

• 1/3 rate FEC

• 2/3 rate FEC
• ARQ scheme for the data

A CRC (cyclic redundancy check) code is added to each packet and

used by the receiver to decide whether or not the packet has arrived
error free.

ARQ scheme is only used for data packets, not synchronous

payloads such as voice.