11. ^m lgcrdogmtn an nsquës an mdnvn ansng nskgr n` mùknre preknade an vdgins pgrg nsqudgr qun
rng`dzgm `es nsqudgaerns çvdaes. ^mg kunstrg an 7722 nsqudgaerns ag x;7>.? vdgins per
tnkpergag, oem _;>.7 vdgins. µOuç` ns n` dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 44% pgrg nskgr `g knadg
pec`godemg`5

ANLDMDKE_9

N`nknmte9 ^m nsqudgaer adspunste g vdgigr

Rec`godÿm9 Qetg` an nsqudgaerns adspunstes g vdgigr
Kunstrg9 7722 nsqudgaerns adspunstes g vdgigr
\grdgc`n an
an ns
nstuade9 Mùknre an vdgins pgrg nsqudgr
Qdpe an vgrdgc`n9 Ougmtgvg adsorntg
Rgrç
Rgrçkn
kntrtre
e g nsk
nskgr
gr99 ^m mu
mukn
knre
re prek
prekna
nade
de an vd
vdgi
gins
ns pg
pgrg
rg ns
nsqu
qudg
dgrr qun
qun rn
rng`
g`dz
dzgm
gm `e
`ess
nsqudgaerns çvdaes
Agtes9

Kunstrg9 7722

Knadg kunstrg`; ;7>.?

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;>.7

Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7-g;2.44 ↓ g; 2.27 ↓  g ;2.22>

3

Y 7∓g / 3;Y 2.44>;3.>8>

   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 
m

⟪
D.O.(^); 7>.? · 3.>8> Ø
  >.7
∙ 7722  ⟤
  DD . O ( u ) ;⟪ 7>.? · 2.?48 ⟤

 D . O . ^  ; 71.42? 6 7>.<48
  ( ) ⟪ ⟤
1>. Oemsdanrn `es agtes an` ninrodode gmtnrder9

g) sdm rnse`vnr n` prec`nkg, nxp`dqun quä pgsgrëg g` dmtnrvg`e sd n` mdvn` an oemgmzg sn rnauinrg g`
42%.

N` dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg ogkcdgrdg an vg`erns y n` gmoje an` dmtnrvg`e sn rnauodrëg.

c) se`uodemn n` prec`nkg oem g;2.72 y ankunstrn oeke `g rnspunstg sustnmtg su rnspunstg g `g

pgrtn g.

g
 g ;2.7 ↓ ;2.2>
3

  Y 7∓ g / 3;Y 2.4>;7.81>
 

   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 
m

⟪
D.O.(^); 7>.? · 7.81> Ø
  >.7
∙ 7722 ⟤  

 D . O ( u ) ;⟪ 7>.? · 2.3<4 ⟤

  DD . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ 7>

7>.. 2?7 6 7>.><4 ⟤

1<. ^m dmvnshgaer ansoucrdÿ qun umg kunstrg an 722, oem x;>2.? y s;72.7, hnmnre um dmtnrvg`e
an oemgmzg an 1:.?321 g >3.384<. µWuä mdvn` an oemgmzg punan gtrdcudrsn g nstn dmtnrvg`e5

Agtes9

Kunstrg9 722

Knadg kunstrg`; ;>2.?

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;72.7

   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 
m  

 D . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ >2.? · Y 7∓ g/ 3 Ø

 72.7
72  ⟤
   DD . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ >2.? · Y 7∓g /3 Ø 7.27 ⟤  ;  D . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ 1:.?321 6 >3.384< ⟤

>2.?
 
∓ Y  7∓
g Ø 7.27;1:.?321   >2.? + Y 7∓g / 3 Ø 7.27 ; >3.384<
3

 
Y  g Ø 7.27;7.484<   Y 7∓g / 3 Ø 7.27 ;7.484<
7∓
3

 
Y  g ;7.4<
7∓
3

7-g/3; 2.48>

g/3;2.3>

g;2.>

Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7- 2.>; 2.>

18. @es pnses an 3> pgquntns nmvdgaes g trgväs an ^mdtna

^ mdtna Rgron` snrvdon (^R_) tuvdnrem umg knadg
an ?.8 `dcrgs y umg ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr an 7.3 `dcrgs. Jg``n n` dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 4>% pgrg
nskgr n` pnse preknade an teaes `es pgquntns. @es pnses an `es pgquntns nstçm adstrdcudaes
merkg`knmtn.

N`nknmte9 ^m pgquntn qun ns pnsgae

Rec`godÿm9 Qetg` an pgquntns qun sem pnsgaes
 

Kunstrg9 3> pgquntns qun sem pnsgaes

\grdgc`n an nstuade9 N` pnse an `es pgquntns
Qdpe an vgrdgc`n9 Ougmtgvg oemmug
Rgrçknt
ntrre g ns
nskgr9 N` pnse preknad
nade an te
teaes `es pgquntns

Agtes9

Kunstrg9 3>

Knadg kunstrg`; ;?.8

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;7.3

 g
Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7-g;2.4> ↓ g; 2.2> ↓ ;2.2
2.23
3>
3

  Y 7∓2.23> ; Y 2.48>;7.4<

   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 

⟪ ⟤
m   7.3
 D . O . ( u ); ?.8 · 7.4< Ø
  D
∙ 3>

  DD . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ ?.8 · 2.1821 ⟤

  DD . O ( u ) ;⟪ ?.334< 6 1.7821 ⟤

1:. _n rnhdstrÿ umg kunstrg an 73 aemgodemns per pgrtn an oekdtäs an goodÿm pgrg `es lemaes an
`gs ogkpg÷gs an` oemhrnse, nm kd`ns an aÿ`grns, an 73.7, :.?, 7>.8, 4.?>, 71.?, 73.4, 7?.3, 4.8?,
7<.4, 7>.>, 71.? y 73.:. Og`ou`n n` dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 42% pgrg nskgr `g aemgodÿm
preknade rng`dzgag per RGO—s. _n gsukn qun `gs aemgodemns sem merkg`ns.

Agtes9

Kunstrg9 73

Knadg kunstrg`; ;
73.7+ :.? + 7>.8 + 4.?> + 71.? + 73.4 + 7?.3+ 4.8? + 7<.4 + 7>.> + 71.? + 73.:
↓ 
73
 7>>.2:
µ ;73.43
73

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;

3 3 3 3 3 3
( 73.7 ∓73.43 ) + ( :.? ∓73.43 ) + ( 7>.8∓73.43 ) +( 4.?> ∓73.43 ) + ( 71.? ∓73.43 ) + (73.4 ∓73.43 )
3 3
+ ( 7?.3∓73.43 ) + ( 4.8?∓73.43 )
3 3 3 3

∙
+( 7<.4∓73.43 ) +( 7>.> ∓73.43)73+(71.? ∓73.43) +( 73.:∓73.43 )
 

∙
3 3 3 3 3 3
( 2.:3 ) +( 1.<3 ) +( 3.8: ) +( ?.>8 ) +( 7.?: ) + ( 2.23 )
3 3
_; + ( 2.3: ) + ( ?.74 )
3 3 3 3
+( ?.4:) +( 3.>: ) +( 7.?: ) +( 2.73 )
73

_;

∙
+
 2.<831 37.?111 + 8.83:1 + 73.8114 + 7.4211 + 2.2221 + 2.28:1 + 72.78<7 + 7>.:121 + <.<><1 + 7.4211 + 2.2711
73

∙
84.2<>
_; ; ∙ <.>:4
<.>:4 ;3.><8
73

 g
Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7-g;2.42 ↓ g; 2.7 ↓ ;2.2>
3

  Y 7∓2.2> ;Y 2.4>;7.<1>

   
 D  O    x   Y    
7   / 3
. .(  ) m

⟪
  DD . O . ( u ); 73.43 · 7.<1> Ø
3.><8
∙ 73 ⟤
  DD . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ 73.43 · 7.374 ⟤

  DD . O ( u ) ;⟪ 77.827 6 71.7?4 ⟤

14. @gs hgmgmodgs per goodÿm pgrg 72 goodemns dmaustrdg`ns oezgags nm n` Aew Iemns lunrem
^_$7.42, ^_$3.7>, ^_$3.27, ^_$2.:4, ^_$7.>?, ^_$7.:4, ^_$3.73, ^_$3.2>, ^_$7.8> T ^_$3.33.
Og`ou`n um dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 44% an `es NR_ an teags `gs goodemns dmaustrdg`ns oezgags nm
n` ëmadon Aew Iemns µWuä supesdodÿm ancn jgonr ustna5

Agtes9

Kunstrg9 72

7.42 + 3.7> + 3.27 + 2.:4 + 7.>? + 7.:4 + 3.73 + 3.2> + 7.8> + 3.33
Knadg kunstrg`; ; ↓ 
72
 7:.>7
µ ;7.:>7
72
 

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;

∙
3 3 3 3 3 3
( 7.42 ∓7.:>7 ) + ( 3.7>∓7.:>7 ) +( 3.27∓7.:>7 ) +( 2.:4∓7.:>7 ) +( 7.>?∓7.:>7 ) + ( 7.:4 ∓7.:>7 )
3 3
+ ( 3.73∓7.:>7 ) + ( 3.2>∓7.:>7 )
3 3
+( 7.8> ∓7.:>7) +(3.33 ∓7.:>7)
72

∙
3 3 3 3 3 3
( 2.214 ) +( 2.344 ) +( 2.7>4 ) +( 2.4<7 ) +( 2.?37 ) + ( 2.2?4 )
3 3

_; + ( 2.3<4 ) + ( 2.744 )
3 3
+( 2.727) +( 2.?<4) + µ
µ
72

∙
 2.2231 + 2.2:41 + 2.23>? + 2.72? + 2.227> + 2.831 + 2.2?4< + 2.2723 + 2.7?<3
_;
72

∙
7.7?7<
_; ; ∙ 2.77?7<
2.77?7< ; 2.??<
72

g
Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7-g;2.44 ↓ g; 2.27 ↓ ; 2.22>
3

  Y 7∓ 2.22>; Y 2.44>;3.>8>

   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 
m

 D ⟪
 D . O . ( u ); 7 .:>7 · 3.>8> Ø
.:>7
 2.??<
∙ 72  ⟤
  DD . O . ( ^ ); ⟪ 7.:>7 · 2.38? ⟤

  DD . O ( u ) ;⟪ 7.>8: 6 3.731 ⟤  

Wun nmtrn 7.>8: y 3.731 sn nskg qun nstgrç `g hgmgmodg preknade an goodemns dmaustrdg`ns
oezgags nm n` ëmadon Aew Iemns.

>2. N` Ar. Ceeks, n` preotÿ`ehe `eog`, ansoucrdÿ qun `g naga preknade an 8> an sus pgodnmtns nrg
an 18.? oem umg ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr an 72.4 g÷es. Og`ou`n n` dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 44% pgrg `g
naga preknade an teaes sus pgodnmtns cgie `g supesdodÿm an qun `gs nagans me nstçm adstrdcudags
merkg`knmtn.

Agtes9

Kunstrg9 8>

Knadg kunstrg`; ;18.?

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;72.4

 

 g g
m-767-g/3; 2.44 ↓ g; 2.27 ↓ ;2.22> ↓ 7∓ ;2.44>
3 3

 Hn;8>-7;81

Mo;44% Ms;7%

g; 2.227

Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 Q 816 2.44>;3.<41

_ 
 D .O .(  )   x  t m 767    / 3 
m

⟪
  DD . O . ( u ); 18.? · 3.<41 Ø
 72.4
∙ 8> ⟤
  DD . O . ( u ); ⟪ 18.? · ?.?43 ⟤

  DD . O ( u ) ;⟪ 1?.42: 6 >2.<<43 ⟤

>7. Aurgmtn n` ù`ke _upnrcew` _umagy (Aekdmhe an lutce`) _gkky _g`gkd y sus oekpg÷nres
eranmgrem 38 pdzzgs an Rdzzgs Em Xjnn`s. N` nkpe preknade an nmtrnhg nrg an 3?.8 kdmutes,
oem umg ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr an 72.8 kdmutes. G` oemsdanrgr qun nstg nrg umg ankerg kuy hrgman
nm su prepÿsdte ou`dmgrde. _gkky y sus gkdhes anodadnrem oekprgr `g pdzzg mùknre 3: nm etrg
pgrtn, sd n` nkpe an nmtrnhg an REX nrg supnrder g ?2 kdmutes. _ng g 7% µEranmgrgm nm etrg
pgrtn5

Agtes9

Kunstrg gmtns9 38

Knadg kunstrg` gmtns; ;3?.8

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr gmtns9 _;72.8

Kunstrg93:
Knadg kunstrg`9  ≮ 31.44<

  g
g ;2.27 ↓ ;2.22> ↓ Y 7∓g / 3µ Y 2.44> ; 3.>8>
3
   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 
m

⟪
  DD . O . ( u ); 31.44< · 3.>8> Ø
 e
∙ 3: ⟤
 

>3. ^mg hrgm nkprnsg an oemtgcd`daga oemtrgtÿ um psdoÿ`ehe dmaustrdg` pgrg knadr `g sgslgoodÿm
`gcerg` an sus seodes kçs gmhues. G 78 seodes sn `ns prgooÿ umg pruncg pgrg knadr `g
sgslgoodÿm6 `es pumtgins an `gs pruncgs sem merkg`ns y `g vgrdgmzg pgrg teaes sus seodes ns an
732. µOuç` ns n` dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 42% pgrg n`
n ` pumtgin preknade5

Agtes9

Kunstrg9 78

Knadg kunstrg`; ;

Ansvdgodÿm nstçmagr9 _;72.4>

 g
Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7-g;2.42 ↓ g; 2.7 ↓ ;2.2>
3

  Y 7∓2.2> ;Y 2.4>;7.<1>

   
 D .O .(  )   x   Y 7   /  3 
m

72.4>
  DD . O . ( u ); 5 · 7.<1> Ø ∙ 78

  DD . O . ( u ); ⟪ 5 · 7.38> ⟤
⟪  ⟤
Gmoje an dmtnrvg`e9 3.>>

>?. Rgrg nskgr ougmtes an `es ?>2222 rnsdanmtns an Rnerdg ansngm um munve onmtre oëvdoe, n`
g`og`an ansoucrn qun 7>82 an `es 3722 rnsdanmtns
rn sdanmtns g qudnmns sn tekÿ oeke kunstrg nxprnsgrem su
gpeye. Gyuan g` g`og`an g oemstrudr n dmtnrprntgr um dmtnrvg`e an oemgmzg an` 42%.

Rec`godÿm9 ?>2222

Kunstrg9 3722

\grdgc`n9 Nxprnse an gpeye

Qdpe an vgrdgc`n9 oug`dtgvg

Mdvn` an oemgmzg9 7-g ; 2.4 g ; 2.7

_d nxprnsgm gpeye9 7>82

g/3 ; 2.2>

preperodÿm ; 81.88%

q;3>.3?%

  Y 7∓ g / 3;Y 2.4>; 2.:34

W;
 

∙  ∙
 p ∘q ( pec ∓k )  );2.8>-µ ; 2.8>-((2.:34)(2.2241)(7.22?))
@D; preperodÿm-(Y*( µµ 2.8>-((2.:34)(2.2241)(7.22?));2.8>-
;2.8>-
k  pec ∓7
2.228:;2.8133

∙  ∙
@_; preperodÿm+(Y*
 preperodem∘q ( pec`godem∓kunstrg )  ;2.8>+2.228:;2.8>8:
kunstrg  pec∓7

 ⟪ 2.8133 6 2.8>8: ⟤