4/7/2011 BBAU, Lucknow

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Welcome to Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University.

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:: University : : Syllabus of Environmental Science

:: Academics
M. Sc. ( Environmental Sciences)
:: Centre
:: Courses
SEMESTER - I
:: Academic Calendar
:: Admission ES-101 : Environment and Ecosystem Dynamics MM 100 Time: 03 hrs
:: Research
Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
:: Central Facilities
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
:: Events units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.
:: Student Welfare
Unit I: Atmospheric profile and composition, physical characteristics, types of wind, inversion, soil profile, soil
:: Recruitment formation and humus formation, Physico- chemical properties of soil and water, precipitation.
:: Tenders
Unit II: Concept of ecosystem Ecological pyramids, energy flow, biogeochemical cycle in ecosystem.
:: Central Library
:: Finance Section Unit III: Population, theories of population growth, Biotic potential, inter and intra species interactions in ecosystem,
community dynamics in ecosystems.

Unit IV: Characteristics of community, concept of climax, theories of climax succession, xerosere, hydrosere, habitat
and ecological niche, allelopathy

ES-102 : Biodiversity and Wildlife Conservation MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Concepts and components of biodiversity, genetic, species and ecosystem diversity; Biodiversity as an
important resource, human population growth and its implications on biodiversity, biodiversity indices, value of
biodiversity.

Unit II: Conservation of biodiversity, in-situ and ex-situ conservation. Wildlife reserves in India, Earth summit and follow
up action, Convention on biodiversity.

Unit III: Biodiversity hotspots in the world, national and global red data lists, categories of species and their
management, biodiversity prospecting, IPR of biodiversity and its products, patent protection and biopiracy.

Unit IV: Bioprospecting and conservation, importance of biodiversity. biodiversity informatics, databases in biological
materials. International efforts and issues of sustainability.

ES-103 : Environmental Chemistry MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Basic concept of Environmental chemistry, chemistry of gaseous and particulate pollutants, oxygen and ozone
chemistry, concept of fog and smog.

Unit II: Chemistry of water, concept of sedimentation, filtration, coagulation, estuarine processes and major ion
chemistry of sea water.

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Unit III: Inorganic and organic components of soil, Mechanism of chemical weathering, Soil pH, Nitrogen pathways,
and NPK in soil.

Unit IV: Chemistry of food additives, dyes, detergents and bleaching agents, processing of gasoline, chemistry of
paints.

ES-104 : Instrumentation, Data Analysis and Bioinformatics MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Principles and application of microscopy, confocal and electron microscopy, separation methods viz
electrophoresis, centrifugation and its types, chromatography techniques and its types viz TLC, HPLC,GC.

Unit II: Principles and application of specroscopy, UV- VIS spectrophotometer, spectrofluorimeter, AAS,AES, flame
photometry, fluorescence and diffraction methods

Unit III: Presentation of sampled data, Measures of central tendency &dispersion, normal distribution, probability
theory, tests of significance, t-tests, Z-tests, chi-square test.

Unit IV: Basic concepts and application of computer for data storage and analysis of Samples, Bioinformatics

SEMESTER - II

ES-201: Environmental Microbiology MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Diversity in microbial communities of soil, water and air, methods of isolation thereof. microbial pathogens and
their control.

Unit II: Mode of microbial nutrition, determination of growth, microbial interactions, Chemolithotrophy, humus.

Unit III: Concept of bioremediation and bioaugmentation, bioconversion microbial degradation of environmental
pollutants (detergents & pesticides), Microbial degradation of plastics and other organic environmental pollutants

Unit IV: Microbial ecology, effect of environmental factors on microorganisms, effect of light and radiations on
microorganisms, phototaxis and phototropism, mechanism of chemotaxis, methods used in microbial ecological
investigations.

ES-202: Environmental Geosciences & Remote Sensing Applications MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Origin, distribution and cycles of elements in the earth, processes and principles of landform development and
distribution, principles of meteorology and climatology at the synoptic and regional scales, adiabatic processes,
weather systems, forecasting and regional climates, atmospheric stability

Unit II: Principles of hydrology, hydrological cycle, watershed, precipitation patterns, snow and ice, groundwater,
runoff formation, flow in channels, lake storage, introduction to techniques of measurement and analysis of surface and
subsurface water.

Unit III: Hazard identification for extreme meteorological events; floods; wave and tsunami effects; tropical cyclones,
debris flow, landslides and avalanches, volcanic hazards, earthquake hazard, el-nino, melting of ice-sheets

Unit IV: Electromagnetic radiation, interaction of EMR with the earth’s atmosphere and surface; satellite image
acquisition, remote sensing sensors and platforms, image geometry, scale, and resolution; visual interpretation,
principles of digital image processing, application of remote sensing in environmental management, concepts of
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

ES 203: Environmental Pollution & Abatement MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Sources of environmental pollution, issues and challenges of environmental pollution control measures, water,
soil and air pollutions at local, national and global levels, awareness campaigns and people’s involvement in pollution
control, waste management laws.

Unit II: Solid waste and soil pollution management, waste monitoring, management of hazardous and non hazardous
solid waste, domestic waste and its management, processing and disposal of municipal and medical wastes,
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hazardous waste treatment process, potential emergency, control measures of pollutants.

Unit III: Air pollution and its control, indoor and outdoor air pollutants, particulate emission control, control of gaseous
emissions, control of pollutant from vehicle.

Unit IV: Sludge traeatment and disposal, management of agricultural waste, industrial waste and its management,
xenobiotic compounds and their management.

ES 204: Water Quality Management MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Sources of water and waste water, hydrological cycle, water budget, usage of water, precipitation index, water
pollutants and contaminants, issues of health and safety

Unit II: Qualitative determinants of water and waste water, bacteriological analysis, biotic index bioindicators,
eutrophication,BOD,COD and bioaccumulation and biomagnification

Unit III: Concept of pure aqua, water quality standards, water sampling techniques, industrial and domestic waste
water, treatment methods, ETP design and function, water borne diseases and control

Unit IV: Marine pollution, sources, factors responsible for marine pollution, effect of marine pollution on sea biosphere,
major marine pollution episodes e.g minimata & gulfwar, measures for control of marine pollution.

SEMESTER - III

ES-301: Toxicology and Occupational health hazards MM 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Principles and mechanisms of toxicity, xenobiotic pathways, process of biotransformation and bioactivation,
toxicity of chemical substances viz hydrocarbons, metals, minerals and their effects on living being, dose response
curve.

Unit-II: Target and nontarget organ toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, respirotoxicity

Unit III: Immunotoxicity, carcingenecity, mutagenicity, system toxicity, genetic and reproductive toxicity
embryotoxicity, foelotoxicity, teratogeneticity

Unit IV: Occupational exposure, risks of hazardous substances and potential health hazards, occupational diseases,
occupational and industrial hygiene and hazards control

ES-302 Stress Biology MM:100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit-I: Concept of environmental Stress, signating molecules and mechanism of signal transduction, membrane
dynamics and cellular responses under high temperature and freezing stresses, stress induced synthesis of heat
shock proteins

Unit-II: Effects of oxidative stress and oxygen radicals, Plants response to U.V and high light stresses, Antioxidative
defense mechanism and photoadaptations of photosynthetic machinery.

Unit-III: Cellular response of plants to salinity, osmotic and drought stresses, Molecular basis of stress tolerance &
osmoregulations, role of some common and specific stress proteins.

Unit-IV: Cellular response to nutritional stress(N, P,C,Ca,and Fe deficiencies) in olants and adaptions strategy against
nutrient deficiency, physiology response to heavy metal (Ni,Co, Mn, Cu, cd, Pb and Hg ) toxicity, general defense

strategy of the cells, role of metallothiones and phytochelatins.

ES 303: Environmental Biotechnology M.M 100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-I: Biotechnology in environmental management; concepts and areas of concern, tools and techniques in
bi t h l d t i ti d l i t t bi t DNA t h l
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biotechnology, gene and genome; concepts, organization and analysis, mutants, recombinant DNA technology,
immobilization of biomolecules and cells.

UNIT-II: Degradive plasmids, genetic transformation in microbes, ribosomal RNA based identification of microbes,
microbial polymers and plastics, concepts of bioremediation and application of microbes in remediation of inorganic,
organic and gaseous pollutants, concepts of biogas and bioenergy.

UNIT-III: Plant cell and tissue culture technology, Plasticity and Totipotency, The culture requirements, Plant cell
culture media, Culture types, In vitro regeneration pathways: organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis,
Establishments of plantlets into soil, Acclimatization and hardening, cell suspension culture

UNIT-IV: Micropropagation and clonal propagation, Plant cell and tissue culture in forestry, In vitro conservation of
germplasm, gene bank, basic concepts and techniques for plant transformation, clean gene technology.

ES –304 Environmental Management & EIA MM100 Time: 03 hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit-I: Concept of environmental management, monitoring and analysis of environmental degradation, biosphere,
conservation and ecotourism, conservation of cultural heritage, organic farming, waste land reclamation.

Unit-II: Concept of sustainable environment, concept and strategies of sustainable development, cost benefit analysis,
restoration and rehabilitation technologies, and green belt designing

Unit III: Basic concept of environment impact assessment (EIA), concept of screening and scooping, baseline
information and predictions (land, water & atmosphere), EIA guidelines 1994, notification of government of India,
impact assessment methodologies, procedure for reviewing environmental impact analysis

Unit-IV: Concept of Environmental Auditing (EA), Environmental impact statement (EIS) and Environmental
Management Plan (EMP)

SEMESTER - IV
Specialization-I Environmental Biotechnology (EB)

ES 401-EB Plant Biotechnology for Sustainable Development MM 100 Time : 03hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Plant genomes: the organization and expression of plant genes, proteomics, transgenic plants: production
strategies and evaluation of transgenic status, transgenic plants for sustainable environment, environmental concerns
about GM plants, The regulation of GM crops and products, ‘greener’ genetic engineering.

Unit-II: Somaclonal variation, cell selection and genotype improvements, somatic hybrids and cybrids, In vitro haploid
plant production, herbicide resistant transgenics and threats of ‘super weeds’.

Unit-III: Transgenic plants for insect and disease resistance: current status and environmental concerns, strategies for
engineering environmental stress tolerance in plants, phytoremediation for environmental clean up, phytomining of
precious metals.

Unit–IV: Plants as bioreactor, biopharming / molecular pharming, biofuels and energy crops, nanotechnology in
environmental management, biosensors, slow release fertilizers and pesticides.

ES 402-EB Microbial technology & Environment MM 100 Time : 03hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit- I: Physical, chemical and biological properties of waste, sources and generation of solid wastes, their
characterization and classification, composting and land fills, biomethanation, microbiology of waste degradation
compost, risk assessment of hazardous substances, occupational health hazards, microbiological and public health
aspects of waste disposal.

Unit II: Concept of bioremediation, bio augmentation, types of bioremediation, biodegradtion and bioconversion of
organic wastes,bioremediation of metals and oil spills, biorecovery of metals, biomining: bioleaching, biosorption,
biosorbent microbial groups.

Unit III: Treatment of waste water from pulp and paper, tanning, distilling, dye, antibiotic, petroleum and dairy
industries, controlling acidic mine drainage.

Unit IV: Mutants and genetically modified microbes in environmental clean up, gene transfer in environment, GEMs
and environmental concerns, GEMs and biosafety, vermiculture, mushroom cultivation.

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Specialization-II Environmental Management & EIA

ES 401- EMEIA Environmental Impact Assessment & Management MM 100 Time : 03hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other seven questions will be set from different
units maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: EIA approach, principles and methodologies, Biodiversity Impact Assessment (BIA), Social Impact
Assessment (SIA), Cost-Benefit Analysis, Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), procedure for reviewing
environmental impact analysis and statements

Unit II: The principles and practice of environmental auditing, objectives, procedures & benefits, environmental auditing
as a management tool, ISO 14001 series, environment labeling, concepts of lifecycle analysis (LCA) and risk
assessment

Unit III: Concept of environmental justice and jurisprudence, various Indian laws and acts related to prevention and
control of pollution, international environmental agreements, conventions and protocols

Unit IV: Energy scenario in India, Sources of conventional and nonconventional energy energy crisis with future
policies and prospects

ES 402- EMEIA Environmental Economics & Ecoplanning MM 100 Time : 03hrs

Note: Out of 08 Question set, 5 questions are to be attempted by the students. Question 1 will be compulsory and will
consist five to ten small questions representing the entire syllabus. Other 7 questions will be set from different units
maintaining at least one Questions from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit I: Economic Development, and Sustainable Development, Measurement of Environmental Values, Valuation
Methods, The Theory of Environmental Policy, Environmental Externalities, Pigovian Taxes and Subsidies,
Intergenerational Well being and Equity, SD Indicators, NRA.

Unit II: Economics of Natural Resource Management and Sustainable Development, Theories of Optimal Use of
Exhaustible and Renewable Resources, Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting in the measurement of
Environmentally Corrected GDP, Concept of Natural Capital and Sustainability

Unit III: Interrelation between Population, Development and Environment, Industrial Structure and Economic Growth,
Pattern of Industrialization- Public and Private; Large and Small Industries, Theories of Industrial Location- Indian
Experience.

Unit IV: Concept of Ecoplanning, Ecological approach to Landscape Planning, Landuse Policy for India, Concept of
Urban and Periurban Planning, Rural Planning, Land Use Pattern, Macroeconomic Policies and Environment, New
Agricultural Policy, New Industrial Policy and Liberalization, Policies for sustainable resource management.

ES 403: Dissertation / Thesis 100+50

ES 404: Practicals 100

Es 405: Seminar/ Tour report 50

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