Puraflo ®

PEAT FIBRE BIOFILTER for Wastewater Treatment

PURAFLO® PEAT BIOFILTER –CASE 1

DESIGN EXAMPLE (GENERAL)

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 CASE 1

PURAFLO® PEAT BIOFILTER - DESIGN EXAMPLE (GENERAL)

Site Conditions:

• 3 bedroom dwelling (360 gpd design flow; this will vary from state to state)
• Group II soil (Sandy Loam) with a 0.5 LTAR for conventional drainfield
• Soil wetness condition at 18 inch below natural grade in limited area close to
water-front
• Water-front property with 50 ft set-back - best soil at or inside the 50 ft.
setback
• Level site (0-1% slope)

System Design:

1. Size Treatment System

One module required per bedroom; therefore, 3 modules are required

2. Select Disposal System

Area of suitable Group II soil is limited; therefore, select a Type A
(Pad/Bed) Puraflo® disposal system

3. Size and Locate Disposal System

Use a loading rate of 1.0 gpd per sq. ft. for pre-treated effluent in a Sandy
Loam, Group II soil. In general, we can use a higher loading rate for pre-
treated effluent (how much higher will vary). The better soil is at or within
the 50 ft. setback. Based on the high quality of the effluent, reduce the
horizontal setback to 35 ft. This allows us to install the system in the most
suitable soil without polluting near by surface waters. (Some reduction in
horizontal setback is usually permitted with high quality effluent.)
Therefore, use the 1.0 gpd per sq. ft. and reduce the 50 ft. water-front set-
back to 35 ft.

Pad Size = 360 gpd at 1.0 gpd per sq. ft. = 360 sq. ft.

4. Disposal Field Layout/Configuration

Longer narrower pads are preferred in most cases. Available area, soil
and topographic limitations will also influence the pad layout. Pad should
follow contour to insure required vertical separation distances are
satisfied, pad bottom must be level

Select a 10 ft. by 36 ft. pad to provide the required 360 sq. ft.
(with adjacent reserve area of equal size)
[SHOW ACCURATE POSITION OF DRAINFIELD ON PLAT]

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5. Determine Module and Manifold Configuration
Modules with weep holes are placed in a row (end to end), leveled and
centered along the long axes of the pad disposal area (preferred layout).
They can also be placed side by side and in some cases in a cluster
arrangement. Modules can be centered on equal portions of the pad or
placed adjacent to each other.

Place modules in a row on 10’ by 12’ sections of the pad

Run manifold along side modules. Manifold connects into each module
via a Tee piece with short flexible connection pipe [SEE MODULE GRID
DETAIL].

6. Determine Installation Depth

due to the quality of the effluent, the vertical stand-off distance from trench
bottom to wetness condition, rock or other restrictions can be reduced
(reductions will vary). A typical system requires a 12 inch vertical
separation distance (VSD) between the pad bottom and the seasonal
wetness condition (which is the limiting factor in this case). Assume the
10 ft. by 36 ft. pad was staked out on contour in the most suitable area
and spot elevations on the four corners indicated a negligible difference in
elevation over the selected area. Therefore, maximum installation depth
at the low point on the pad is:

(Depth of suitable soil) minus (VSD);

or in this case, 18 - 12 = 6 inches below grade
The pad will be installed 6 inches below grade
[SHOW ACCURATE CROSS-SECTION OF DRAINFIELD PAD]

7. Determine Pump Requirements

2 inch PVC Sch.40 force main line is standard
Establish total equivalent length as usual between pump and manifold

Example:
Horizontal pumping distance .......................................... 60 ft.
7 elbows at 9 equivalent ft. per elbow ............................ 63 ft.
1 diversion Tee at 11 equivalent ft. per Tee ................... 11 ft.
1 disconnect at 2 equivalent ft. per disconnect................. 2 ft.
1 check value at 17 equivalent ft. per check valve ......... 17 ft.
1 ball value at 54 equivalent ft. per ball valve................. 54 ft.

Total Equivalent Length................................................ 207 ft.

From Friction and Pressure Head Tables, select the closest corresponding
equivalent length for a three bedroom application (the 200 ft. column in
this case) to determine the friction and pressure heads for a range of flows

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 CASE 1
Flow gpm 200 ft.
0 0.00
10 1.60
20 6.39
30 14.37
40 25.54
50 39.91

Determine the static head for given site conditions

Ground elevation at proposed pump tank location is 9 ft.
Assume the “OFF” float switch will be set at 5 ft. below grade (el. 4 ft.)
Ground elevation at module location = 10 ft.
Module height (grid height) above ground elevation = 2 ft.
Module grid elevation = 12 ft.

Therefore, total static head = 12 - 4 = 8 ft. (constant)

Add static head to friction and pressure heads from table to yield TDH
(Total Dynamic Head)

Flow gpm 200 ft. Static Head TDH

0 0.00 8.0 8.00
10 1.60 8.0 9.60
20 6.39 8.0 14.39
30 14.37 8.0 22.37
40 25.54 8.0 33.54
50 39.91 8.0 47.91

Plot TDH system curve over the selected pump curve

The pump will operate where the two curves intersect
Drop a vertical line from the intersection point and read off the anticipated
flow in gpm - approximately 27 gpm in this case for the Zoeller “98” 1/2 HP
effluent pump (or 9 gpm per module)

The pump delivery rate should be between 7 to 12 gpm per module (below
7 gpm the distribution to each module may begin to suffer and above 12
gpm indicates an unnecessarily powerful pump is being considered)

Therefore, the above selected 1/2 HP pump is suitable for this

application

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8. Determine Panel Requirements and Settings

A simplex control panel with programmable timer is the standard
method for controlling dosing to the treatment modules. Panel and pump
electrical requirements must be compatible with each other and with the
proposed power supply.

Calculate the timer settings as follows:

Dose volume should be between 7 to 12 gallons per module
Assume 12 doses per day (typical); therefore, a daily design flow of 360
gallons will require 12 doses of (360/12) 30 gallons which is 10 gallons per
module per dose (within range). From above pump calculations, a 27 gpm
pump delivery rate is expected; therefore, the timer “ON” cycle should be
set for;

30 (gal.) / 27 (gpm) = 1.11 minutes or 67 seconds (realistically say 1

minute)
The timer “OFF” cycle should be set for;
24 (hrs. per day) / 12 (doses per day) = 2 hours per dose

Timer Settings: 1 Min. “ON” and 2 Hrs. “OFF”

9. Determine Septic Tank Size

Size per current regulations (2 times daily design flow or greater)

Specify a 1,000 gallon septic tank for this 3 bedroom application

Specify a Zabel filter, Model A300 for installation in septic tank
[SEE SEPTIC TANK DETAIL]

10. Determine Pump Tank Size

Generally recommend a 1,000 gallon pump tank for 4 bedrooms or less

Specify a 1,000 gallon pump tank

[SEE PUMP TANK DETAIL]

11. Specify Sampling Option

For Type A pad systems, samples are taken via the pre-molded sampling
chamber [SEE SAMPLE CHAMBER DETAIL]. (For Type B systems, a
drop box can be used.)

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NOTES

General
1 All construction materials and methods must conform to applicable Local and State Sewage
Handling and Disposal Regulations
2 All pressure joints shall be primed and chemically fused
3 Pumps shall be a Zoeller, 1/2 HP effluent pump with a capacity of 25 gpm at 20' of TDH or its
equivalent
4 Any deviation from this design must be approved by the designer prior to installation
5 The contractor shall contact the Bord na Mona prior to construction for a pre-construction
conference
6 Electrical wiring to be installed under the direct supervision of a licensed electrical contractor,
according to NEC, State and Local Electrical Codes, as applicable
7 Contractor is to install concrete tanks on uniformly firm and stable compacted ground, crushed
stone is recommended to provide uniform support to tank bottom
8 Septic and pump tanks should be water-tight and conform to applicable Local and State Sewage
Handling and Disposal Regulations
9 Contractor must contact the appropriate UTILITY AUTHORITY prior to any digging on site

Biofibrous Peat Specifications

1 Peat fiber is residue of Eriophorum (cotton grass) plants, carefully extracted from raised bog
peats (other natural residues and peat fines are present in small quantities)
2 Moisture content on wet basis is 50-70%
3 Min. organic content on anhydrous basis is 95%
4 Water adsorption capacity, 72 hr. test, is 400-700%
5 Average air filled porosity(AFP) is 51%

Site Preparation Work:

1 Hand clear wooded sites
2 Machinery should not traverse the percolation area
3 Machinery must never traverse excavated/exposed percolation area
4 Contractor must provide adequate access for correct installation
5 Avoid installation under wet site conditions

Design:
1 Design LTAR/PERC = 50 MPI
2 Design flow = 600 gpd
3 Depth to SHWT = 30+ inches (see soil report)
4 Percolation area provided = Six 45' L trenches 3' W (18" max. install'n depth)
5 Number of treatment modules = 5

Percolation Area:
1 Install trenches level and along contour where applicable
3 Cover stone in trench/pad with filter fabric
4 Min. distance between trenches = 3 times trench width (approx.)
5 Do not smear trench/pad base or sides during excavation

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Site Restoration:
1 Min. cover of fill over stone is 4" (6" in NC)
2 Backfill with suitable loose material free of large or damaging objects
3 Straw and seed backfilled areas (or sod when required)
4 Provide erosion protection for backfill material in accordance with Local and County standards
and maintain until permanent protection is established
5 Backfill should be graded to prevent the infiltration of surface water and divert storm water run-off
away from the system

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ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTS U.S. INC.

(800) 787-2356 www.bnm.us.com

 CASE 1

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTS U.S. INC.

(800) 787-2356 www.bnm.us.com

 CASE 1

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTS U.S. INC.

(800) 787-2356 www.bnm.us.com

 CASE 1

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 CASE 1

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Friction Pressure Head Table for 2'' Diameter Pipe

PRESSURE AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR 1 MODULE SYSTEM

Q (gpm) hf + hp (ft) for Various Values of Equivalent Length in Feet

1 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 10.63 10.74 10.84 10.95 11.06 11.16 11.27 11.38 11.48 11.59 11.70 11.81
20 42.52 42.95 43.38 43.80 44.23 44.66 45.09 45.51 45.94 46.37 46.79 47.22
30 95.68 96.64 97.60 98.56 99.52 100.48 101.44 102.40 103.36 104.33 105.29 106.25
40 170.09 171.80 173.51 175.22 176.93 178.63 180.34 182.05 183.76 185.47 187.18 188.88
50 265.77 268.44 271.11 273.78 276.45 279.12 281.79 284.46 287.12 289.79 292.46 295.13
60 382.71 386.55 390.40 394.24 398.08 401.93 405.77 409.62 413.46 417.30 421.15 424.99
70 520.91 526.14 531.37 536.60 541.84 547.07 552.30 557.53 562.76 568.00 573.23 578.46
80 680.37 687.20 694.04 700.87 707.70 714.54 721.37 728.20 735.04 741.87 748.71 755.54

PRESSURE AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR 2 MODULE SYSTEM

Q (gpm) hf + hp (ft) for Various Values of Equivalent Length in Feet

2 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 2.74 2.84 2.95 3.06 3.16 3.27 3.38 3.49 3.59 3.70 3.81 3.91
20 10.95 11.38 11.81 12.23 12.66 13.09 13.51 13.94 14.37 14.80 15.22 15.65
30 24.64 25.60 26.56 27.52 28.48 29.44 30.41 31.37 32.33 33.29 34.25 35.21
40 43.80 45.51 47.22 48.93 50.64 52.35 54.05 55.76 57.47 59.18 60.89 62.60
50 68.44 71.11 73.78 76.45 79.12 81.79 84.46 87.13 89.80 92.47 95.14 97.81
60 98.56 102.40 106.25 110.09 113.94 117.78 121.62 125.47 129.31 133.16 137.00 140.84
70 134.15 139.38 144.61 149.85 155.08 160.31 165.54 170.77 176.01 181.24 186.47 191.70
80 175.22 182.05 188.88 195.72 202.55 209.39 216.22 223.05 229.89 236.72 243.55 250.39

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PRESSURE AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR 3 MODULE SYSTEM

Q (gpm) hf + hp (ft) for Various Values of Equivalent Length in Feet

3 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 1.28 1.38 1.49 1.60 1.70 1.81 1.92 2.02 2.13 2.24 2.34 2.45
20 5.10 5.53 5.96 6.39 6.81 7.24 7.67 8.09 8.52 8.95 9.38 9.80
30 11.48 12.45 13.41 14.37 15.33 16.29 17.25 18.21 19.17 20.13 21.09 22.06
40 20.42 22.13 23.83 25.54 27.25 28.96 30.67 32.38 34.08 35.79 37.50 39.21
50 31.90 34.57 37.24 39.91 42.58 45.25 47.92 50.59 53.26 55.93 58.60 61.27
60 45.94 49.78 53.63 57.47 61.32 65.16 69.00 72.85 76.69 80.54 84.38 88.22
70 62.53 67.76 72.99 78.23 83.46 88.69 93.92 99.15 104.39 109.62 114.85 120.08
80 81.67 88.50 95.34 102.17 109.01 115.84 122.67 129.51 136.34 143.17 150.01 156.84

PRESSURE AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR 4 MODULE SYSTEM

Q (gpm) hf + hp (ft) for Various Values of Equivalent Length in Feet

4 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 0.76 0.87 0.98 1.08 1.19 1.30 1.41 1.51 1.62 1.73 1.83 1.94
20 3.06 3.49 3.91 4.34 4.77 5.19 5.62 6.05 6.47 6.90 7.33 7.76
30 6.88 7.84 8.80 9.76 10.72 11.69 12.65 13.61 14.57 15.53 16.49 17.45
40 12.23 13.94 15.65 17.36 19.07 20.77 22.48 24.19 25.90 27.61 29.32 31.02
50 19.11 21.78 24.45 27.12 29.79 32.46 35.13 37.80 40.47 43.14 45.81 48.48
60 27.52 31.37 35.21 39.05 42.90 46.74 50.59 54.43 58.27 62.12 65.96 69.81
70 37.46 42.69 47.93 53.16 58.39 63.62 68.85 74.09 79.32 84.55 89.78 95.01
80 48.93 55.76 62.60 69.43 76.26 83.10 89.93 96.76 103.60 110.43 117.27 124.10

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PRESSURE AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR 5 MODULE SYSTEM

Q (gpm) hf + hp (ft) for Various Values of Equivalent Length in Feet

5 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 0.53 0.63 0.74 0.85 0.95 1.06 1.17 1.28 1.38 1.49 1.60 1.70
20 2.11 2.54 2.97 3.39 3.82 4.25 4.67 5.10 5.53 5.95 6.38 6.81
30 4.75 5.71 6.67 7.63 8.59 9.55 10.52 11.48 12.44 13.40 14.36 15.32
40 8.44 10.15 11.86 13.57 15.28 16.99 18.69 20.40 22.11 23.82 25.53 27.24
50 13.19 15.86 18.53 21.20 23.87 26.54 29.21 31.88 34.55 37.22 39.89 42.56
60 19.00 22.84 26.69 30.53 34.37 38.22 42.06 45.91 49.75 53.59 57.44 61.28
70 25.86 31.09 36.32 41.55 46.79 52.02 57.25 62.48 67.71 72.95 78.18 83.41
80 33.78 40.61 47.44 54.28 61.11 67.94 74.78 81.61 88.44 95.28 102.11 108.94

PRESSURE AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR 6 MODULE SYSTEM

Q (gpm) hf + hp (ft) for Various Values of Equivalent Length in Feet
6 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 0.40 0.51 0.61 0.72 0.83 0.93 1.04 1.15 1.25 1.36 1.47 1.57
20 1.60 2.02 2.45 2.88 3.30 3.73 4.16 4.59 5.01 5.44 5.87 6.29
30 3.59 4.55 5.51 6.47 7.44 8.40 9.36 10.32 11.28 12.24 13.20 14.16
40 6.39 8.09 9.80 11.51 13.22 14.93 16.64 18.34 20.05 21.76 23.47 25.18
50 9.98 12.65 15.32 17.99 20.66 23.32 25.99 28.66 31.33 34.00 36.67 39.34
60 14.37 18.21 22.06 25.90 29.74 33.59 37.43 41.28 45.12 48.96 52.81 56.65
70 19.56 24.79 30.02 35.25 40.48 45.72 50.95 56.18 61.41 66.64 71.88 77.11
80 25.54 32.38 39.21 46.04 52.88 59.71 66.54 73.38 80.21 87.05 93.88 100.71

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