MIL-STD-1628 Fillet Weld Size, Strength, and Efficiency

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MIL-STD-1628 (SHIPS)
28 JUNE 1974
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
TEST METHOD
FILLET WELD SIZE, STRENGTH,

AND EFFICIENCY DETERMINATION
AMSC N/A FSC 3439

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is
unlimited.
MIL-sTo-1628 (SHIPS)
28 June 1974
DEPARTFUXJT OF THE NAVY
NAVAL SHIP ENGINEER1!IG CEIJTER
HYATTSVILLE, MARYLAND 20782
Fillet Weld Size, Strength,

and Efficiency Determination
MIL-sTD-1628 (SHIPS)
1. This Milltary Standard is approved for use by all activities under the cognizance
of the Naval Ship Systems Command.
2. For contracts or procurement orders which ~nvoke ex~sting fabrication documents

which have self-contained fillet weld efficiency requlremcnts, the contractor or vendor
shall not use this standard without prior contractual approval.
3. Repair ships, Tenders, Repair Facilities, Supervisors of Shlpbuildlng and Naval

Shipyards may use this standard in lieu of other criteria in various fabrication documents
now invoked by Chapter 9920 [NAVSHIPS 0901-920-0003) of the Naval Ships Technical Manual
for alteration and repair.
4. Any conflicts noted w~thin this standard or between this standard and referenced
documents should be brought to the attention of the Naval ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC),
Department of the Navy, Center Building, Prince Georqe’s Center, Ilyattsville, Maryland
20782. In addition, recommended corrections, additions, or deletions should also be sent
to the above address.
ii
MIL-sTI)-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
FOREWORD
1. This standard was prepared for tne purpose of comblnlng, updating and expanding
duplicate fillet weld shear strength information now contained in a number of fabrication
standards. The duplication of information increases the possibility of confusion and
conflicting data. It is the intent of this standard to contain all of the fillet weld
shear strength, and efficiency data acceptable for use In construction and repair of Naval
ships.
2. Information contained in this standard was obtained by actual shear testing of

representative filler metal and base metal combinations welded in accordance with good
fabrication practices. The resulting welds were similar in quality to those actually
produced during production fabrication. Tables and figures (charts) were prepared to
simplify and condense presentation of the information. In addition to the tables and charts,
the formulas and methods used to develop the charts are also presented.
3. Existing data obtained from shear testinq has been reviewed for accuracy. Some
test samples yielding questionable results have been retested to verify the data. Additional
shear testinq may be accomplished to further expand the selection of filler metal and base
metal Comblnatlons.
J41L-STD-1628 (SHIPS)
28 June 1974
CONTENTS
~
1. SCOPE.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . “ “ “.”” . . 1
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. TERMS, DEFINITIONS, MD SYmLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
4. GENHWLREQUIR=NTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q . . . “ “ - “ ,. 2
4.4 Appl~cabillty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5. DETAIL REQUIREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “ . . 2
5.1 Fillet weld table and chart description and usage . . . . . . 2
5.1.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s . . . . 0 “ . . 2
5.1.2 Base metal ultimate tensile strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5.1.3 Filler metal strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5.1.4 Index to efficiency charts and computation factors . . . . ,. 4
5.1.5 Fillet weld size and efficiency charts (figures 1
through 40) . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . - ,. 11
5.2 Direct calculation of fillet weld strength, computation
factors, fillet weld size and efficiencies . . . . . . . . . 11
5.2.1 Calculation of fillet weld strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.2.2 Calculation of computation factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.2.3 Computing fillet weld size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.2.4 Computing fillet weld efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/13
5.3 partial penetration groove tee welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.4 Sample calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . G . . . 13
5.4.1 partial penetration groove tee welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.4.2 Strength of fillet weld joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.4.3 Fillet weld size and efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.5 Continuous double fillet weld effic~ency chart development . . 17
5.5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 . . . 17
5.5.2 Derivation of equation for fillet weld size . . . . . . . . . 17
5.5.3 Efficiency chart drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.5,4 Developmentof shear data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6. NOTES INotapplicabie) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
TABLES
I Base metal tensile strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

II Filler metal strength values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
111 Index to efficiency charts and computation factors . . . . . . . . ;-i~
FIGURES
Efficiency chart for computation factor of 0.30 . . . . . . . . . . 19

Efficiency chart for computation factor Of 0.35 . . . . . . . . . . 20
12 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 0.85 . . . . . . . . . . 30
21 Efficiency chart for computation fiSCtO?of 1.30 . . . . . . . . . . 39
23 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.40 . . . . . . . . . . :;
24 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.45 . . . . . . . . . .
25 Efficiency chart for computation faCtO? of 1.50 . . . . . . . . . . :;
26 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.55 . . . . . . . . . .
iv
28 June 1974
CONTENTS (Cent’d)
FIGURSS (Cent’d)
~
29 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.70 . . . , . . . . . 47
31 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.80 , . . . . . . . . . 49
33 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.90 . . . . . . . . , . 51
40 Efficiency chart for computation factor of 2.25 . . . . . . . . . . 5B
41 Partial penetration groove tee welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
v/vi
28 June 1914
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard contains the necessary data for selecting or calculating continuous
double fillet weld sizes t!tatwill !>rovidc the required joint efficiency and yet be
economical for the application involved.
1.2 The base metal and WCIU metal tcnsllc strenqths of tables I and II, respectively,
are based on mninur. procurement s~wclflcatlon values unless othezvlsc specified herein, The
weld metal longitud~nal shear strength values In table II arc based on actual testinq. Th C
computation factors of table III arc calculated based on the specific strength values of the
base metal/weld metal conhination being consldcrecl. Fiqures 1 through 40 depict fillet weld
efficiency charts based on the various computation factors. Accordingly, fillet weld
strength, size, or efficiency can be determined for a specific material combination and
thickness. Weld sizing formulas for partial penetration groove tec welds are elso included.
1.3 This standard is intended to furnish continuous double fillet WCld sizing criteria
based on specific design requirements; it is not intended to furnish strength values for
use in determining design or allowable working loads.
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
2.1 The issues of the followlng documents in effect on the date of invitation for
bids form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein.
GOVER1W4EIJTAL
STANDARD
MIL-STD-418 - Mechanical Tests for Welded Joints.
(Copies of specifications, standards, drawings, and publications required by suppliers

in connection with specific procurement functions should be obtained from the procuring
activity or as directed by the contracting officer. )
NONGOVERNMENTAL
PUBL1CA’I’1ON
AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)

A3.O - Terms and Definitions.
(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Weldlng Society, Inc.
United Engineering Center, 345 Last 47th Street, New Yori., ilY 10017.)
(Technical society and teclmical association specifications and standards are generally
available for reference from libraries. They arc also distributed among technical groups
and using Federal agencies. )
3. TERNS, DEFINITIONS, AIID SY!IBOLS
3.1 The terms and definitions of AWS A3.~ apply to this standard.
3.2 The following symbols arc used in this standard:
- Area of base metal subjected to Fl, square inches.

‘1
- Area of weld subjected to F2, square inches.
‘2
B- Base leq or depth of bevel, inches.
- Computation factor.
CF
D- Defective width of the weld in shear, inches.
e- efficiency of joint.
- Transverse force on base cetal, pounds.
‘1
- I.anqitudinal force on welds, pounds.
‘2
- Fillet weld strcnqth per linear inch, pounds/incll.
‘3
L- Lenqth of welded ]oint, inches.
- Ultimate tensile strenath of weaker menLer, pounds per s{uare inch (psi).
‘1
- Shear strength of weld metal, psi.
‘2
1
28 June 1974
s - Fillet Weld size.

- Thickness of weaker metier (T or TB), inches.
‘1
T- Thickness of passing member, inches.
- Thickness of web member, inches.
‘B
z- Land width (to nearest 1/16), inc}les.
4. GENEIWL REQUIRE!lEIJTS
4.1 Joint efficiency shall be based on the strenqth of tileweaker member being joined
(that member which has the lowest product of thickness times ultimate tensile strength).
4.2 The strength of continuous double-fillet welded joints shall always be based on
the longitudinal shear strength of the base metal-filler metal combination. Where acceptable
materials are used which are not covered lJy thxs standard, testing and utilization shall be
in accordance with 5.1 through 5.1.5.2 and 5.5 through 5.5.4.1.5.
4.3 Where it can be shown from a desiqn standpoint that the thickness of the weaker
member joined is greater than that required to provlcle the necessary strength the fillet
weld size may be reduced accordingly to provide a weld joint efficiency based on the actual
required weaker member thickness.
4.4 Applicability. This standard contains information pertaining to fi. ler metal and
base metal comb lnatlons not covered by all fabrication documents. Therefore, the applicable
fabrication document shall specify or govern the acceptability of filler meta, and base
metal cotiinations.
5. ULTAIL REOUI1:L!WNTS
5.1 Fillet weld ——

—. table and —
chart description —
and usage.
5.1.1 General. Tables I through III and a group of charts (figures 1 through 40) are
provided for determining base metal strength, filler metal strenqth, computation factors,
and weld size for a given base metal and filler metal combination.
5.1.1.1 Continuous double fillet weld sizes for a given joint efficiency are based
upon tl]c load carrying capacity of tlkeweaker member and the shear strength of the filler
k-tal (tli~ weaker mefibet beinq tilebase metai with tllcsmallest product of ultimate tensile
strength times thickness). The base metal combinations listed in table III are listed with
the weaker member dcsiqnated first; therefore, each Last metal combination is listed twice.
5.1.1.2 The computation factors shown on the figures are analogous to a consnon de-
nominator and permit the use of fewer efficiency charts as the charts are drawn for a compu-
tation factor rather than a base metal and filler metal combination. AS can be seen, a
number of base inctal/filler metal combinations have equivalent computation factors.
5.1.1.3 Fillet weld strenqths, sizes, and efficiencies given in table III and figures
1 through 40 are for continuous doul,le fillet welds of qood production quality.
5.1.2 Base metal ultimate tensile stren th. Table I lists the ultimate tensile strength
of the base =l~ercc? in this standble I is intended to be used in computing
the weaker member of the base metal combination to be joined. The values given in table I
are common minimum plate values for each type of material represented. Certain material
specifications may have differing minimum values. If large differences are encountered,
‘,efer to 5.2 for figurinq fillet weld sizes and efficiencies by direct calculation.
28 June 1974
Table I - Base metal tensile strength.
Minimum tensile
Base material type
strength (psi)~’
[Quenched and tempered alloy steel (IIY-130) ~ 137,000 I
Quenched and tempered alloy steel (1IY-1OO) 114,000
Quenched and tempered alloy steel (HY-80) 96,000
Special treatment steel (STS] 105,000
High tensile steel (IITS) 75,000
Mild steel (MS) 60,000
Austenitic stainless steel (SS) 75,000
Nickel-copper alloy (NiCu) 70,000
Copper-nickel alloy (CuNi) 45,000
Aluminum alloy 5456 45,000
/Aluminum alloy 5083 I 40,000 I
~’The most common minimum ultimate tensile strength used in

material specifications has been used for the minimum tensile
strength. In the caee of quenched and tempered alloy steels,
the tensile strength has been based on a statistical analysis
of 38 test certificates to develop a relationship between
Lensile sLrerJgLh [TS) arid yield strength ;YS).
TS = 1.20 YS for HY-80

TS = 1.15 ys for Hy-100
TS - 1.05 YS for HY-130
5.1.3 Filler metal stren th. Table II lists the ultimate tensile strenqth, averaqe
shear streng~d average s ear strength per inch for each filler metal type covered in
“+
this standard. The shear strength (per inch) values given in table 11 can be used to
determine the overall load carrying capacity of a given size double fillet weld by multiply-
ing the shear strength (per inch) value by the length of the weld (in inches). The average
rehear strength values givan can be used to determine weld size and efficiency by direct
computation.
3
\jlL-5TIp1628(S1.11’S)
28 June 1974
5.1.4 Index to cfflclcncv ——

.—— c)~artsand com~~utation factors.
5.1.4.1 Table III lists the proper cfflcicncy chart flqurc number for each base metal
and flllor metal comifination covered by this standard. A blank space in the table means
that the flllcr met.zl and base nctal conblnation has not been tested or is not applicable.
Loo).up tileclcsircd base metal combination (material of

w.eak~”i~%gr
%~~rw’{ea. tim f,q.re number for the roper filler metal. The weld
size for a spcclflc Joint cfflcicncy may then l~c dctcrmincd by referring to the figure
qiven in table III or by d~rcct computation using the computation factor designated on the
appropriate fiqurc rcfercnce(] in tai,l~ III.
28 June 1974
Table III - Index to efficiency c!~arts and

computation factors,
Filler metal type

Process
Shielded metal-arc lGas metal-arc ~A
Base
metal
combination~l :
L4i
] HY-130 to HY-130 I 16
] HY’-13Oto HY-1130I 16
] HY-130 to }{Y-80 [ 16
\ HY-130 to Ms I 16
I HY-130 to Ss I
I HY-130 t-oNiCu ]
I
t HY-1OO to HY-130 / 121
I HY-1OO to HY-1OO / 12 I
I HY-1OO to HY-80 I 12 I
I HY-loo to S1’s 1121
A’Weaker member listed first (see 5.1.1.1).

F41L-sTD-1628(StIIPS)
28 June 1974
Table III - Index to effic~cncy cl)arts and computation

factors (cent’d.)
~lweake~t mc~r listed first (see 5.1.1.1).

2B June 1974
Table 111 - Index to efficiency charts and computation

factors (cent’d.)
7
28 June 1974
‘Table 111 - Index to efficiency charts and computation

factors (cent’d.)
FJller metal type

Process
Shielded metal-arc I Gas metal-arc
x x
x x
I N 04
Base A d 2 m
0 s z :
metal m m z m E ~
comblnation~’ A A !a A A .3
u M 1+ )4 u u
~
z z x z x
Ss to HY-130 13 13 12 14 11
55 to 1IY-1OO 13 13 12 14 11
SS to llY-80 13 13 12 114~111 I I ]
SS to STS 13 13 12 14 11
ss to liTS 13 13 12 14 11
Ss to )1s 13 13 12 14 11
Ss to Ss 13 13 12 14 11
SS to NiCu 12 14
SS to Cutli 12 14
I
13
13
1 ,
r
13
,
1
13 I
3
:!IL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
Table 111 - Index to eff~c~ency C!,iirt:i a]ld

computation factors lcc)nt’(:.)
I Filler metal t:fpc

Process
Shieldecl metal arc Gas nctal-arc
—=
CuNi to HY-13CI 5 0
CuNi to 1IY-1OO 5 9
CuNi to IIY-80 5 9
CuNi to ST5 5 9
CulJi to llTS 5 9
CuNi to :1S 5 ?
CuHi to SS 5
Culli to NiCu 1519
Cu:lito Cu:Ji 1519
5456 to 5456
=K
5456 to 5454
—— .— .-. . —-
5456 to 5086
5456 to 5083
5454 to 5456 1!
5454 to 5454 II
5454 to 5006 II
5454 to 5083 II
—
‘Weakest ?nembcr listed first (see 5.1.1.1).
28 June 1974
Table III - Index to efficiency charts and
factors (cent’d.)
computation
pi~ler metal type

Process. Gas metal-arc
10
MIL-STD-1628 [SIIIPS)
28 June 1974
5.1.5 Fillet weld ——

—— size and efficiency charts (figures 1 through —
40).
5.1.5.1 Figures 1 through 40 are fillet weld size and efficiency charts for double
continuous fillet welds. ~ch chart is a graph of base metal thickne~s, fillet weld size
and joint efficiency drawn using log-log axes for a specific computation factor rather than
for a specific base metal and filler metal combination. For a given base metal thickness
(weaker member), a fillet weld size and corresponding efficiency can be taken directly from
the chart. Or, if any two (weld size, base metal thickness, or efficiency) are known, the
third can be read from the chart.
5.1.5.2 When the intersecting point of the plate thickness and joint efficiency ~s
between two fillet weld sizes, the larger fillet weld size shall be used.
5.2 Direct calculation of

.— fillet weld
— strength, computation factors, fillet weld size
—— —
and
. effici-.
5.2.1 Calculation of fillet weld stren th. Calculation of continuous double fillet
weld strength per lmear%~-) - as An table 11, shall be accomplished using the
following formula:
= 1.414 S R2 L
‘2
~= 1.414 S R2
L
F3 = 1.414 S R2
Example: Determine the streng~h of a l/2-inch double fillet weld deposited with
MIL-14018.
S = l/2-inch
= 94,000 psi [kabie ii)

‘2
F3 s 1.414 x 1/2 ~ 94,000
‘3 = 66,000 pounds per linear inch of double fillet weld

5.2.2 Calculation ~ com utation factors. Computation factors, as shown on figures 1
through 40, aha 11 be calculht~owing formula:
CF = %
1.414 R2
Example: Determine the computation factor for welding HTS plate to HTS plate with
MIL-9018M electrode.
RI w 75,000 psi (table I)
69,000 psi (table 11)

‘2 =
Cp = 75,000 psi
1.414 X 69,000
CF - 0.769
CF . 0.75 (to nearest 0.05)
11
MIL-sTL)-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
5.2.3 Corn utin fillet weld size. The fillet weld sizes shown on figures 1 through 40
shall be calas~e~l=a formula:
e ‘1 ‘1
‘=e TICFOrs=—
1.414 R2
Lxample: Determine the fzllct weld size that will give 100 percent joint
efficiency when l/2-inch thick HY-80 plate is welded to l/2-inch thick
HTS witl”~MIL-901BM electrode.
e = 10flpercent = 1.00
= l/2-inch (IITSweaker member)

‘1
= 0.75 (table III, figure 10)
CF
s = 1.00 x 1/2 x 0.75
s = 0.375
S = 3/8-inch
or
e = 100 percent = 1.00
= l/2-inch
‘1
= 75,000 psi (table I for llTS)
‘1
= 69,000 psi (table II)
‘2
s = 1.00 x 1/2 x 75,000 .
1.414 X 69,000
S = 0.384
S = 3/B-inch (to nearest 1/16)
5.2.4 Cornutin fillet weld efficienc . The efficiency of continuous double fillet
welds, as .9ho*cJiiRZi7 ZU. +,1 be calculated using the following formula:
or e - 1.414 S R2
e=S
‘1 CF ‘1 ‘1
Example: Determine the fillet weld efficiency for l/2-inch HTS plate welded to
l-inch }1Splate using HIL-9018M electrode and a 3/8-inch fillet weld.
S = 3/8-inch
= l/2-inch (IITSweaker member)

‘1
= 0.75 (table III, figure 10)
CF
e = 3/8
1/2 x 0.75
e = 1.00
e = 100 percent
or
S = 3/8-inch
= l/2-inch (liTSweaker member)

‘1
RI - 75,000 psi (table I for KTS)
12
M2L-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
R2 = 69,000 psi (table II)
e = 1.414 x 3/8 x 69,000

1/2 x 75,600
e = 0.9B
e = 100 percent (to nearest 5 percent)
5.3 Partial penetration groove .—

tee welds.
5.3.1 Partial penetration groove tee weld dimensions, as shown on figure 41, shall be
computed as specified in 5.3.1.1.
5.3.1.1 The effective width of the weld in shear (D) shall be computed using the
following equation:
~ - e Tl RI
2 R2
5.3.1.2 There are two equations for the base leg or depth of bevel (B).
5.3.1.2.1 When “D” is not greater than 0.707-inch, the equation for ‘D” shall be:
B=D
1.414
5.3.1.2.2 When ‘n” is greater than 0.707-inch, the equation for “B” shall be:
B=fi
5.3.1.3 The land width (Z) shall he calculated using the followinq equation:
Z=TB-2B
5.3.1.4 The size of the reinforcing fillet (S) shall be determined by the followinq
equation:
S=B
where “B” is rounded-off to the next larger l/16-incll.
5.3.1.4.1 The reinforcing fillet (S) shall be at least l/4-inch and should not be
greater than l/2-inch.
5.4 Sample calculations.
5.4.1 Partial penetration groove .—

tee welds.
5.4.1.1 The sample calculations specified in 5.4.1.2 ara presented to show how the
effective width of weld in shear (D), land width (Z), depth of bevel (D), and reinforcing
fillet size (S) are calculated using the equations given In 5.3.
5.4.1.2 Sample calculation. The following sample calculations for partial penetration
grcove tee welas are based on a joint containing l-inch IIY-1OO plate as the passinq member
(T), 2-inch HY-80 plate as tha web metier (TB), NIL-11OI8?4 as the electrode, and 80 percent
joint efficiency:
(a) Determine the structurally weaker member (Tl):
HY-1OO : T x (tensile strength)

1 x 114,000
114,000 lbs/in
HY-8 0: TB x (tensile strength)

2 X 96,000
192,000 lbs/in
13
MIL-sTD-1628 (SNIPS)
28 June 1974
114,000-= 192,000
= T or liY-100
‘1
{b) Determine the effective width of weld in shear (D):
Il=e TIRl
2 R2
E = 80 percent = 0. 80
= l-inch (liY-100weaker member)

‘1
‘1 = 114,000 psi (table I)

‘2
D = 0.80 X 1 X 114,000
2 x 67,000
D = 0.524-inch (to nearest 0.001)
(c) Determine the depth of bevel (B):
B=D (D is not greater than 0.707)

1.414
D = 0.524
D = 0.524
1.414
D = 0,371-incll
B= 3/8-inch (to nearest 1/64)
D = 3/8-inch (to next larger 1/16)
(d) Determine the width of land (Z):
z = TB- 2 B
B = 3/8-inch
= 2-inches (web thickness)

‘B
z=2- (2 X 3/8)
Z = l-1/4-inches
(e) Determine size of reinforcing fillet (S):
S = B (see 5.3.1.4)
B = 3/8-inch
S = 3/8-incl~
5.4.2 of fillet weld

Strength —— . joints.
5,4.2.1 The two sample calculations specified in 5.4.2.1.1 and 5.4.2.1.2 for determining
the strength of a continuous double fillet weld joint arc based on a joint containing l-inch
HY-80 plate as the passing member, l-inch HTS plate as the web member, MIL-90181~ as the
electrode, l/2-inch as the weld size, and 8-inches as the length of double fillet weld.
:lIL-sTD-1626(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
5.4.2.1.1 Table method. Determine the strength of a continuous double fillet weld
as follows: — —
= F3L (see 5.2.1)

‘2
‘3
L= 8-~nchcs
= 49,000 X 8
‘2
F2 = 392,000 lbs/~n
= 390,000 lbs/in (to nearest 5,000)

‘2
5.4.2.1.2 Direct calculation method. Determine tl]e strength of a continuous double
fillet weld as fo~:
= 1.414 S R2 L
‘2
S = l/2-inch
= 69,000 psi (table II

‘2
L = 8-inches
= 1.414 X 1/2 X 69,000 XB

‘2
= 390,000 lbs/in
‘2
5.4.3 Fillet
—— weld .—
size and efficiency.
5.4.3.1 The sample calculations specified in 5.4.3.1.1 throuqli 5.4.3.1.2.2. for

determining continuous double fillet weld size and efficiency are based on a ]oint containing
l-inch thick HTS plate as the passinq member, l/2-inch thick HY-80 plate as the web member,
and MIL-9018N as the clcctrodc.
5.4-3.~-~ Table and ——

rhart method.
——
5.4.3.1.1.1 Determine the fillet size for a joint efficiency of 80 percent as follows:
step 1 - Determine weaker member:
IiTS: T x (tensile strength)

1 x 75,000
75,000 lbs/in
HY-80: TB x (tensile strenwth)

1/2 X 96,000
48,000 lbs/in
4ii,ooo<75,0nrl
T1 = TB or HY-80
step 2 - Determine efficiency chart:
Table III references figure 15 for the base metal and filler metal
combination (iiY-80to HTS using MIL-9018M).
Step 3- Determine weld size:
Using the efficiency chart of figure 15, locate the intersecting point
for a plate thickness of l/2-inch and 80 percent efficiency. Since
the plate thickness and efficiency intersecting point is between 3/8
and 7/16 (diagonal lines), the required fillet size is 7/16-incll.
15
H2L-STD-162B(SHIP5)
28 June 1974
S.4.3.1.1.2 Determine the efficiency for a joint with a l/2-inch fillet weld as
follows :
Step 1 and 2 Same as steps 1 and 2 of 5.4.3.1.1.1.
Step 3 - Determine joint efficiency:
Using the efficiency chart of fiqure 15, locate the intersecting point
for a plate thickness of l/2-inch and a weld size of l/2-inch. Read
the efficiency by moving the plate thickness and weld size intersecting
point horizontally to the left until it crosses the efficiency scale
(100 percent).
5.4.3.1.2 Direct computation method.
5.4.3.1.2.1 Determine the fillet size for a joint efficiency of 80 percent as follws:
Step 1 - Determine weaker member:
HTS : T x (tensile strength)

1 x 75,000
75,oOO lbs/in
HY-BO: TB x (tensile strength)

1/2 X 96,000
4B,000 lbs/in
48,000 <75,000
= TB or }{Y-BO
‘1
Step 2 - Determine computation factor:
Table III references figure 15 for the base metal and filler metal
combination (HY-80 to HTS using MIk~O18M). The figure 15 efficiency
chart has a computation factor of 1.00.
or
The computation factor may be calculated by using the formula from
5.2.2.
‘1
cF=—
1.414 R2
= 96,000
CF
1.414 X 69,000
CF = 0.98
= 1.00 (to nearest 0.05)

CF
Step 3 - Determine weld size~
Using the formula from S.2.3, calculate the fillet size as follows:
‘=eTlcF
s = 0.80 x 1/2 x 1.00
s = 0.400
s = 7/16-inch (to next larger 1/16)
or
s=eT
1 ‘1
1.414 R2
16
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
s= O.BO x 1/2 x 96,000
1.414 X 69,000
s . 0.394
s . 7/16-inch (to next larger 1/16)
5.4.3.1.2.2 Determine the efficiency for a joint with a l/2-inch fillet weld as
follows:
Steps 1 and 2 - Same as steps 1 and 2 of 5.4.3.1.2.1.
Step 3 - Determine joint efficiency:
Using the formula from 5.2.4, calculate the joint efficiency as follows:
e= ~
‘1 CF
e= 1/2
1/2 x 1.00
e= 1.00
e= 100 percent
or
1.414 s 112
c=
‘1 ‘{1
e = 1.414 x 1/2 x 69,000

1/2 X 96,000
e= 1.02
e= 100 percent (to nearest 5 percent)
5.5 Continuous ——
double fillet weld
. efficiency chart development.
5.5.1 General.
5.5.1.1 Fillet weld efficiency charts shall be calculated by equating tile tensile
strenqttl of the base metal to the longitudinal shear strength of the weld metal.
5.5.1.2l’hcultimate tensile strengtl] of the structurally weaker member shall be used

to deternunc fillet
weld size and efficiency since tl~eweld only needs to bc as strong as
tlie weaker member.
5.5.1.3 ‘ihe longitudinal shear strenqt}l of the fillet weld s}~all be used because a
weld i~ \?eakest when loaded in longitudinal shear.
5.5.2 Derivation
—. . .of equation .—
for fillet .
weld .
size.
5.5.2.1 The following derivation illustrates how tk,cequation for plate thickness
for each fillet size is derived:
‘1 = ‘2
I’l=
‘1 ‘1 : ‘2 = 1~27’2
‘1 “1 = 1:2‘2
l-i em = 1.414 S L
1 “1 L ; “12
17
MIL-sT*1628 (SHIPS)
28 June 1974
L= 1.414 h?
. SL
‘1 ‘1
= 1.414 ;/2 s
‘1 ‘1
1.414 1?2 s
‘1 =
!:l
.
.= .
i ‘k 1
Cr
T 1.414 1.2
1
s = T1 (+
‘=eTICF
=s
‘1 —
eC
F
5.5.3 —Lfflciencv .
chart dra~:in~.
5.5.3.1 An efficiency c}~art tillallm dralm for cac,: computation factor [,:r
log-log scale for the cffzclency and plate thickness Clxcs.
The charts shall Lc ~nit~ated Ly cstab l~!llng the plate thickness Tl) for
5.5.3.2
100 percent efficiency for each weld SIZC (s). ‘rhc.cl]arts shall be completed hy cstat>lishing
“T “ for other efficiency values.
1
5.5.3.3 The efficiency charts conta~ncd IIercln may be aoplled to any l,ascmetal and
we~d metal combination which !~asa com[wtatlon factor c,]uivalcnt to tlioscshown herein.
5.5.4 Development .—
of shear —
data.
5.5,4.1 Fillet weld shear strength data shall l>coi,taincd by performing four longitudinal
fillet weld tests for eac}~ filler metal type to be ~ncorporatcd into tt,isstandard.
5.5.4.1.1 The tests shall be conducted in accordance with MIL-STD-418.
5.5.4.1.2 The tests shall include two specimens of each fillet s~ze (1/4-inch and
3/8-inch).
5.5.4.1.3 Test specimens with the sane fillet size sl]all be welded with a different
heat of filler metal.
5.5.4.1.4 The average actual throat of the fractured fillet weld test specimen shall
be measured and used to calculate the shear strength.
5.5.4.1.5 The shear strength values for the four test specimens shall be averaqed and
rounded-off to the nearest thousand prior to incorporation into table II.
6. NOTES (Not applicable).
Preparing activity:
Navy - SH
(Project 3439-N077)
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
~ ~ I
8 16 z
100 T
\
90
00 \
70
60
50
\
40 1
PLATE THICKNESS-INCHES
COMPUTATION FACTOR 0.30
Figure 1 - Efficiencychart for computationfactor of 0.30.
19
MIL-STD-1628(SHXPS)
28 June 1974
FILLET WELD SIZE - INCHES
PLATE THic KNFSS-l NCHFs
COMPUTATION FACTOR 0.35 -
Figure 2 - Efficiencychart for computationfactorof 0.35.

MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THICKNESS- lNCHE~
COMPUTATION FACTOR O .40
21
!lIL-STD-1628
(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
1oo-
90-
eo-
70
60
50”
40 I
22
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
I
— 3
— j- 5 211
8 16 4 16 9 I >2
100.
90
\
1- e~
Z
ii!
70
Y
s
L
60 1
\
50
40;
23
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
FILLET WEI-O SIZE - INCHES
1 1 i I 1 1 1
100 -
90
\
‘1
8
COMPUTATION FACTOR 0055

MIL-sTD-1628(SHXPS)
28 June 1974
FILLET WELD SIZE . INCHES
J_
0
1 1 I ! I I 1
100 = 1
90 \
\ L i \ \
00
?0
60
50
\ \
40: r I
1
4
PLATE THICKNESS -lNCHF~
COMPUTATION FACTOR 0,60
25
——
_.—— ._.— Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com on 2009-05-13T12:52:17.
MIL-STD-1628(SliIPS)
28 June 1974
\l
1-
’11
8
~AT~ THICKNESS-INCHES
26
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
J_
8
PLATE THICK NESS-INCHES
COMPUTATION FACTOR () .70
27
_— Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com on 2009-05-13T12:52:17.
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
FILLET WELD SIZE- INCBES
I
50
PLATE THlCKNES5-lNCHE$
28
MIL-sTD-1628(S1iIPS)
28 June 1974
29
.— Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com on 2009-05-13T12:52:17.
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THICKNE55-INCHE5
30
28 June 1974
-... - - . ..- . - - . --
Ii I 1
100- 1 1
90
80
70
60
50
40
31
.—— Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com on 2009-05-13T12:52:17.
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
FILLET WELD SIZE- INCHES
1 -.
‘Z1 cn 1 1 \ l\ i\ 1
PLATE THICKNESS- iNCHEs
32
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
FILLET WELD SIZE- INcHES
COMPUTATION FACTOR I .~
33
MIL-STD-1628(SNIPS)
28 June 1974
3 1537 1~5 > z I

i i6 i k Gr6216a48
1 I
100 -
\ \ \ Y
\ \ ,
90
\ 4
00 \
70”
\ \ 4
60 \
\ \
50
\
A
40 ‘
J J ~ ~ ;; ~
e 4 8 i
PLATE THICl(NESS-lNCHE~
Figure 16 - Efficiencychart for computationfactor of 1.0S.
J4
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS
28 June 1974
3
16
I
PLATE THICKNESS -INCHES
COMPUTATION FACTOR ! .10
Figure 17 - Efficiencychart for coInputation

factor of 1.10.
35
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPs)
28 June 1974
ii
100. I I 1 1 1 I I I I I
90
1 \ \
\ \
eo
70-’ \
60
50
40
Figure 18 - Efficiencychart for coxnputation

factor of 1.15.
MIL-sTD-1628(SH1PS)
28 June 1974
3~;$&;~
ii 16
I
cOMPUTATION FACTOR 1,20
37
———-
141
L-STD-162B(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
\ \\ \ \ f \ \ \
It
\
50
PLATE THlCKNES5-lNc HFS
COMPLJTATION FACTOR 1.25

—
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
g I \
,*I 60~ 1 / l\ N \l\’k\l
“ I I \l \lmliN
PLATE THICK NESS-INCHES
COMPUTATION FACTOR l.~

39
MIL-STD-1628(S1lIPS)
28 June 1974
100- 1 I I I I ! 1 I I 1 A
~
/8 \
90 \
00 \
?Q”- \ \ \ \ \ \
60 k \
50
40
-.
COMPUTATION FACTOR l.~~
Figure 22 - Efficiencychart for com~utatlon factor of 1.35.
;3
—
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THiCKNES5-lNCHEs
COMPUTATION FACTOR I .40
Figure 23 - Efficiencychart for computationfactor of 1,40.

lIIL-sTD-1628
(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THICKNE SS-INCHE5
Figure 24 - Efficiencychart for computationfactor of 1.4S.

MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE TH~c KNESs-lNc HEs
43
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
Figure 26 - Efficiencychart for computation factor of 1.55.
,,,.
—
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THlCKNE~5-~NCH~s
Figure 27 - Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.60.
45
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
~
16
100 T L
90
80
yk
70
60
PLATE THICKNESS- lNCHE&
~ti
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
I I I I 1 1 I 1 I I I I
100-
90 “i
1
$ 80
:
\
;
v
$ G() 1
? }
Y
u
IL
w
t-
E 50
8
40 : m
1
i!
PLATE THICKNESS -INCHES
COMPUTATION FACTOR I ●70
47
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THICK NFSS-INCHFS
COMPUTATION FACTOR I .75

MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
COMPUTATION FACTOR 1.m
Figure 31 - Efficienq chart for computation factor of 1.80.
49
MIL-STD-1628(Sl~IPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE’ THtCKNESS-tNCHES
50
MIL-sTD-1628(sHIPs)
28 June 1974
— ---- —.--.—-
FILLET WELO SIZE - INCHES
IO*
90-
eo-
70-
60-
50-
40” I
51
MxL-sTD-1628(sHIPs)
28 June 1974
COMPUTATION FACTOR ! .95
Figure 34 - Efficiency chart for computation factor of 1.9S.
52
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPSj
28 June 1974
4 16B~o~’=u’-”
I I I 1
100-
90- +. \ / \ \ \\
lfl’”~\l\\l\ t/Y I I
PLATE TH~CKNE=-l NCHE~
53
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
‘( ~ \’i\ Nk
“\ ‘\l’\
’\\\
$
!
\ \ \ 1 \ \ L \
\N\l
\1 \ \B \L a
‘“-t-k
40 !,
I
\
/
\
\ I
l\ \N\Yv
\ v \ l\ \l \ 1 l\
-j ~ ~ 5 37,
8 4 e k

MIL-sTD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATF THICKNESS-INCHES
Figure 37 - Efficiency chart for computation factor of 2.1O.
55
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
1 1 1 1 1 } I I 1 1
1oo-
90
$
16
80
70
60
\
50
40
J J ~ J ~::1
8 4 e 2

MIL-sTD-1628(SliIPS)
28 June 1974
PLATE THICKNESS- lNCHE~
57
MIL-sTD-1628(SHIpS)
28 June 1974
1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1
1
‘loo -
90 1 , \
\
\ \ \ \ \\ \ \l \
70
\
\ \ I \ \ ,, \ \
1 \
60 ‘
l\l\hl
50
58
.
MIL-STD-1628(SHIPS)
28 June 1974
) 4
T
Doub 1e - V Tee Joint
z
r// -B
. --K
---+= “D’
\
Double - J Tee Joint
Figure 41 - partial penetration groove tee welds.
59
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MIL-STD-1628 Fillet Weld Size, Strength, and Efficiency

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FILLET WELD SIZE, STRENGTH,

AMSC N/A FSC 3439

DEPARTFUXJT OF THE NAVY

NAVAL SHIP ENGINEER1!IG CEIJTER

HYATTSVILLE, MARYLAND 20782

Fillet Weld Size, Strength,

2. For contracts or procurement orders which ~nvoke ex~sting fabrication documents

3. Repair ships, Tenders, Repair Facilities, Supervisors of Shlpbuildlng and Naval

2. Information contained in this standard was obtained by actual shear testing of

I Base metal tensile strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Efficiency chart for computation factor of 0.30 . . . . . . . . . . 19

(Copies of specifications, standards, drawings, and publications required by suppliers

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)

3. TERNS, DEFINITIONS, AIID SY!IBOLS

3.2 The following symbols arc used in this standard:

- Area of base metal subjected to Fl, square inches.

s - Fillet Weld size.

5.1 Fillet weld ——

Table I - Base metal tensile strength.

[Quenched and tempered alloy steel (IIY-130) ~ 137,000 I

Quenched and tempered alloy steel (1IY-1OO) 114,000

Quenched and tempered alloy steel (HY-80) 96,000

Special treatment steel (STS] 105,000

High tensile steel (IITS) 75,000

Mild steel (MS) 60,000

Austenitic stainless steel (SS) 75,000

Nickel-copper alloy (NiCu) 70,000

Copper-nickel alloy (CuNi) 45,000

Aluminum alloy 5456 45,000

Aluminum alloy 5454 36,000

Aluminum alloy 5086 38,000

/Aluminum alloy 5083 I 40,000 I

~’The most common minimum ultimate tensile strength used in

TS = 1.20 YS for HY-80

5.1.4 Index to cfflclcncv ——

Loo).up tileclcsircd base metal combination (material of

Table III - Index to efficiency c!~arts and

Filler metal type

I HY-loo to S1’s 1121

A’Weaker member listed first (see 5.1.1.1).

Table III - Index to effic~cncy cl)arts and computation

~lweake~t mc~r listed first (see 5.1.1.1).

Table 111 - Index to efficiency charts and computation

‘Table 111 - Index to efficiency charts and computation

FJller metal type

Table 111 - Index to eff~c~ency C!,iirt:i a]ld

I Filler metal t:fpc

Culli to NiCu 1519

Cu:lito Cu:Ji 1519

pi~ler metal type

5.1.5 Fillet weld ——

5.2 Direct calculation of

= 94,000 psi [kabie ii)

‘3 = 66,000 pounds per linear inch of double fillet weld

RI w 75,000 psi (table I)

69,000 psi (table 11)

CF . 0.75 (to nearest 0.05)

= l/2-inch (IITSweaker member)

e = 100 percent = 1.00

S = 3/B-inch (to nearest 1/16)

= l/2-inch (IITSweaker member)

= l/2-inch (liTSweaker member)