Fire Fighting

Management
for Petroleum Products

Fire Fighting Management

Made By

Muzahid Khan (R250207023)

Integrated BBA+MBA
muzahidkhan123@gmail.com

Fire Fighting Management

HIGHLIGHTS
vIntroduction
vPetroleum products classification

vFire protection facilities

vCommunication Systems

vFire safety organisation/Training

vFire emergency manual

vInspection and testing

Fire Fighting Management

INTRODUCTION

Petroleum products mostly are liquid hydrocarbons or

mixture of
hydrocarbons and any Inflammable mixture (liquid,
viscous or solid) containing any liquid hydrocarbon.
Hazardous nature of petroleum products
v

v Vulnerable petroleum depots, terminals & pipelines,

storage facilities, refining Installations.

Hydrocarbon fuel properties:-

v

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● Flammability Limits
INTRODUCTION
v Flammability Limits: The upper (rich) and lower (lean)
flammability limits define the range of concentrations of a gas or
vapour in air that can be ignited and sustain combustion.
v Auto-ignition Temperature: A fuel - air mixture can ignite
without the introduction of an ignition source. The minimum
auto-ignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which the
fuel vapours spontaneously ignite. 
v Minimum Ignition Energy: The minimum amount of energy
supplied that is needed for combustion is the minimum ignition
energy.
vFlash Point: It is the lowest temperature at which any

petroleum product yields a vapor which will give a momentary

flash when Ignited.
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GENERAL CLASSIFICATION of petroleum
products:

flash point
Petroleum Class A <23o C
Petroleum Class B 23o C – 65o C
Petroleum Class C 65o C -- 93o C

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Hydrocarbon GASES commonly encountered in the
upstream oil and gas industry:

ü Natural Gas 
ü Hydrogen Sulphide ( H2S)
ü LPG Gases (including Propane and
Butane) 
ü Acetylene 
ü Hydrogen 

Fire Fighting Management

Hydrocarbon LIQUIDS commonly encountered in the
upstream oil and gas industry:

ü Aerosols 
ü Crude Oil / Condensates
ü Hydrocarbon Based Frac Fluids
ü Gasoline, Diesel & Other Liquid Fuels 
ü Methanol 

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FIRE PROTECTION DETERMINANTS

Determinants of basic fire protection

requirements:

Ø Layout of product storage & handling

facilities, their location and terrain
Ø Nature of the risk(type of fuel)

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FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES
(depending on the nature of risk)

• Fire Water System.

• Foam System
• Clean Agent Protection System
• First Aid Fire Fighting Equipment
• Mobile Fire Fighting Equipment.
• Fire Detection, Alarm & Communication
System.

Fire Fighting Management

FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES
(depending on the nature of risk)

§Fire Water System- Water is used for fire

extinguishments, fire control, cooling of equipment exposure
protection of equipment and personnel from heat radiation.
§Foam System - The system may be considered for
protection of floating roof tanks of petroleum products.
§First Aid Fire Fighting Equipment –
Portable Fire Extinguishers
Wheeled Fire Fighting Equipment
Hoses, nozzles & accessories
§ Mobile Fire Fighting Equipment.
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COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Fire Alarm Systems-

Ø For fire Situation, the siren shall be walling sound

for 2 minutes
Ø For disaster situation. the siren shall be wailing
sound for 2 minutes repeated thrice with a gap of 10
seconds
Ø For all clear situation, the
Fire Fighting Siren shall be straight
Management
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Communication systems like telephone, Walkie-talkie

or VHF set, public address system, etc should be
provided in nonhazardous areas of petroleum storage.

Wherever possible hot line connection between city

fire brigade & nearby industries shall be provided for
major storage areas on need basis.

Petroleum Installation shall have a 'Mutual Aid‘

arrangement with nearby industries to pool in their
resources during emergency.
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FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION/TRAINING

A well defined comprehensive On-site

Emergency Plan as per OISO-GDN-168 shall be
drawn.

The fire fighting training shall be compulsory

for all officers, clericals, operators. security,
drivers & contract workmen who are likely to
be present in the Installation and record
maintained.
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FIRE SAFETY ORGANISATION/TRAINING

Mock disaster drills shall be conducted

periodically as per local statutory
requirements.

Instructions on the action to be taken in the

event fire should be pasted with the petroleum
storage facility.

Fire Fighting Management

FIRE EMERGENCY MANUAL

Each petroleum storage installation shall

prepare a comprehensive fire emergency
manual covering all emergency scenarios
detailing the actions to be taken In the event
of fire.

The key action points of this manual shall be

displayed at strategic locations In the
Installation for ready reference.
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INSPECTION AND TESTING
1. The fire protection equipment shall be kept In good working
condition all the time.
2. The fire protection system shall be periodically tested for
proper functioning and logged for record and corrective
actions
3. Inspection & maintenance of fire fighting equipment shall be
done in accordance with OISD-STD-142.
4. In addition to routine daily checks/maintenance, the following
periodic Inspection/testing of fire fighting equipment shall be
ensured.
5. One officer shall be designated and made responsible for
Inspection, maintenance & testing office protection system
6. The responsibilities of each officer shall be clearly defined.
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explained and communicated to all concerned In writing for
References

Fire Protection Facilities For Petroleum Depots, Terminals,

Pipeline Installations And Lube Oil Installations - By OISD

Fire Fighting Management