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What is an argument?
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Writing Classical Arguments
Joshua Bowles1,2
1 Department of English
Utah Valley University
2 Department of Linguistics
University of Utah
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
What is an argument?
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Writing Classical Arguments
Parsons’ Article
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
Why do we care?
What is an argument?
Definition
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
I don’t See your Argument
Writing Classical Arguments
Questions
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
Why do we care?
What is an argument?
Definition
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
I don’t See your Argument
Writing Classical Arguments
A RGUMENT
An argument refers to the abstract structure of reasoning
employed in the process of analyzing various concepts, ideas,
opinions, . . . . It may be dialogical (requiring two or more
speakers) but it does not have to be. In any case, it is
dialectical.
Dialectical
Dialectic is the process of a Thesis and Antithesis being
synthesized to a new Thesis. The cycle goes on indefinitely.
First proposed by Aristotle, developed by Hegel and other
German Idealist philosophers.
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
Why do we care?
What is an argument?
Definition
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
I don’t See your Argument
Writing Classical Arguments
A technical notion
“I see what your premises are,” says the philosopher, “and I see
your conclusion. But I just don’t see how you get there. I don’t
see the argument” Parsons 1996: 1
A technical notion
“I see what your premises are,” says the philosopher, “and I see
your conclusion. But I just don’t see how you get there. I don’t
see the argument” Parsons 1996: 1
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
What is an argument?
Subjective goals
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Writing Classical Arguments
Interpretation
Interpretation
Logic is. . .
an artificial language(s) that have been consciously constructed
to contain mathematical rigor and delete unfortunate structures
in natural languages, like ambiguity, in order to investigate
notions like ‘true,’ ‘false,’ ‘contradiction,’ and ‘consistent.’
Logic is. . .
an artificial language(s) that have been consciously constructed
to contain mathematical rigor and delete unfortunate structures
in natural languages, like ambiguity, in order to investigate
notions like ‘true,’ ‘false,’ ‘contradiction,’ and ‘consistent.’
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
What is an argument? Practical considerations
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis Concrete things to look for
Writing Classical Arguments
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic
Introduction
What is an argument? Practical considerations
Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis Concrete things to look for
Writing Classical Arguments
The 3 conditions
The 3 conditions
The 3 conditions
The 3 conditions
Successfully, yours
Successfully, yours
Successfully, yours
Successfully, yours
Successfully, yours
Successfully, yours
An argument table
Joshua Bowles1,2
1 Department of English
Utah Valley University
2 Department of Linguistics
University of Utah
Outline
1 Introduction
2 What is an argument?
Why do we care?
Definition
I don’t See your Argument
3 Interpreting & Assessing are like Analysis & Synthesis
Subjective goals
Objective goals
And so. . .
4 Writing Classical Arguments
Practical considerations
Concrete things to look for
Refined Argument
What we want
The basics: Recap
Joshua Bowles Pragmatic Logic