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IBM likes to use abbreviations, so get used to calling Physical Volumes PV's, etc.
You can use smit to display or configure your file systems. Here are some commands that smit
uses that you can use at the command line to provide the necessary information. The following
commands only display information.
Maximums
The smallest file extension is 4Kb. If a user creates or extends a file anywhere from 0-4096
bytes, a 4K block will be allocated from the free list to accommodate that request. When a file
system is extended by 1 Physical Partition (4 MB), 1024 inodes are allocated to that file system.
Maximums
Path Definitions/Usage
Directory What's in it
/bin utilities
/sbin files needed to boot the machine and mount the /usr file system
/dev special files (I/O devices)
/etc miscellaneous administrative utilities
/home user directories and files
/lib libraries
/tmp temporary files. Needs to be at least 12 MB
/usr common executables that are shared across the same architecture
/usr/adm administrative commands and files
/usr/bin utilities (overflow for /bin)
/usr/lib archive libraries, text processing macros
/usr/spool/mail Email files
/usr/sbin utilities used in system administration, including smit
/usr/share architecture-independent, shareable text files
/usr/share/man manual pages
/usr/share/dict spelling dictionary and its indexes
/usr/share/info InfoExplorer database files
/usr/share/lib architecture-independent data files, including terminfo
/usr/share/lpp data about optional program products (OPP)
/var/adm system logging and accounting files
/var/preserve preserved data from interrupted edit sessions
/var/spool spool iles for printing
/var/tmp temporary files
cat
chlv
chlv -x 256 <lv_name> (Where logical volume name is entered without the /dev)
chfs
Changes attributes of a file system. Block size for this command is 512 byte blocks, where the
command df, returns disk info in 1024 byte blocks. The simplest method of extending a file
system is to
• Take the target size of the file system in MB's and multiple by 2000.
• If the file system size is to be extended to 12MB in size, then 12 * 2000 = 24000.
Remember, when you extend a file system, you extend the logical volume that resides under it.
Most systems have a default Physical Partition size of 4MB (review output of lsvg rootvg
command) and therefore when the file system increases in size, it will increase by a multiple of
4MBs.
crfs
Adds a new file system. Block size for this command is 512 byte blocks, where the command df,
returns disk info in 1024 byte blocks.
The above command creates a 50MB journeled file system named /mydata with read/write
permissions, created under the volume group, rootvg
del
Delete files where system will prompt you to delete the file(s).
del /u/roger/*
If 'y' is entered for yes, all files will be removed.
df
Displays summary of disk usage for mounted file systems.
df -v
dircmp
Compares two directories and the contents of all files found in both directories.
du
Display a summary of disk usage for directories (output in 512 byte blocks). Without an
argument, du lists the current directory.
fsck
Checks and interactively repairs inconsistent file systems. File systems are normally checked
everytime the system is rebooted. If a file system is cleanly unmounted via the umount
command, it's unlikely to encounter any problems when the fsck command is run on the file
system again. Fsck can only be run on a file system that is unmounted (fsck will not make
changes to a mounted file-system). If fsck passes without errors, its safe to mount the file system
in question.
• If there's a discrepancy between the number of directory references to a file and the link
count in the file and the file contains data (UNCLAIMED BLOCKS), the file is linked
into the subdirectory named lost+found directory.
• fsck does not flag a bad block on your Physical Volume.
• Bad blocks are only relocated on a write operation.
• Fsck performs read operations and therefore is useful for soft errors - not hard errors.
• Also updates the JFS log - /dev hd8
fuser
fuser -u /dev/hd3
Sample output: /dev/hd3: 2964(root) 6615c(root) 8465(casado) 11290(bonner)
istat
ln
Gives a file more than one name (alias). The symbolic link (-s) allows a user to point to a file
and/or a directory. Symbolic links can link either a file or directory across a file system. Use
unlink to remove a link.
ls
mkfs
cd /u
find . -print|backup -ivqf/dev/rmt0
cd /
umount /u
mkfs dev/hd1
fsck -p /dev/hd1
mount /u
cd /u
restore -xvf/dev/rmt0
The above procedure is one way of making a file system contiguous again. Over the course of
time, thousands of additions, deletions, creation, and extensions of files and/or records will
create a file system that looks like Swiss cheese. This results in multiple disk accesses that
formally may have taken only one. As a result, the system appears sluggish.
mount
Displays file system attributes or makes file system available for use.
mv
Renames a directory.
rm
rmfs
rmfs /u
Removes a file system and the logical volume under it. The file system must be unmounted prior
to the 'rmfs' command being executed else you will get a 'BUSY' error message. The '/u' entry
in /etc/filesystems will also be removed.
sync
Flushes system buffers to disk. There's a sync daemon (/etc/syncd) that flushes buffers
automatically every 60 seconds (default).
umount
umount /u
Unmounts a file system so that files found under that file system will not be able to be accessed.
The 'umount' will fail if one or more users are either currently on that file system or somebody
has a file opened on that file system.
unlink