DVF GS

DIGITAL Visual Fortran
Getting Started
Order Number: AA–R2PYC–TH
September 1998
This guide lists system prerequisites and describes how to install

DIGITAL™ Visual Fortran. It also shows how to use certain features
of the Microsoft® Visual C++® development environment (also known as
Microsoft Developer Studio™) and summarizes DIGITAL Visual Fortran
product features.
Revision/Update Information: This revised document supersedes the

previous version of this guide, the
DIGITAL Visual Fortran Getting Started,
order number AA–R2PYB–TH.
Operating System: Microsoft® Windows® 95, Windows 98,
or Windows NT® Version 4 (for system
requirements, see Section 1.2)
Software Version: DIGITAL Visual Fortran Version 6.0 (or
subsequent minor releases), Standard and
Professional Editions
Digital Equipment Corporation

Maynard, Massachusetts
First Printing, April 1997
Revision, August 1997
Revision, September 1998
Digital Equipment Corporation makes no representations that the use of its products in the
manner described in this publication will not infringe on existing or future patent rights, nor do
the descriptions contained in this publication imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell
equipment or software in accordance with the description.
Possession, use, or copying of the software described in this publication is authorized only
pursuant to a valid written license from Digital or an authorized sublicensor.
© Digital Equipment Corporation 1998. All Rights Reserved.
Cover graphic, photographic images: Copyright © 1997 PhotoDisc, Inc.
Cover graphic, image: CERN, European Laboratory for Particle Physics: ALICE detector on
CERN’s future accelerator, the LHC, Large Hadron Collider.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: DEC, DEC Fortran, DIGITAL,
FX!32, OpenVMS, VAX, and VAX FORTRAN.
Compaq is a trademark of Compaq Computer Corporation.
The following are third-party trademarks:
Acrobat and Adobe are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated
ActiveX, Microsoft, Developer Studio, Visual Studio, MS, PowerPoint, SourceSafe, Visual Basic,
Visual C++, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Win32, Windows, and Windows NT are either
trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other
countries.
CRAY is a registered trademark of Cray Research, Inc.
IMSL is a trademark of Visual Numerics, Inc.
Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.
KAP is a trademark of Kuck & Associates.
OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries licensed exclusively
through X/Open Company Ltd.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
This document was prepared using VAX DOCUMENT Version 2.1.

Contents
About this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
1 Installing Visual Fortran

1.1 Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1
1.2 System Requirements and Optional Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–2
1.3 Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Studio Products . . . . . . . 1–5
1.4 Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Fortran Version 5 . . . . . . 1–6
1.5 Installing Visual Fortran and Related Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–7
1.5.1 Using Setup to Install Visual Fortran and Related
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 1–7
1.5.1.1 Using the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup
Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 1–9
1.5.1.2 Installing Internet Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 1–11
1.5.1.3 Installing Visual Fortran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 1–11
1.5.1.4 Installing DIGITAL Array Visualizer (Professional
Edition) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–18
1.5.2 Running Visual Fortran All or Partially from CD–ROM . . . . 1–21
1.5.3 Mixed-Language Development Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–22
1.6 Starting and Quitting the Visual Development Environment . . . 1–23
2 Post-Installation Tasks
2.1 Applying the Visual Fortran Per-User Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–1
2.2 Copying Visual Fortran Project Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–2
2.3 Changing Installation Options or Reinstalling Visual Fortran . . . 2–2
2.4 Redistributing Visual Fortran Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–3
2.5 Guidelines for Programs that Use Large Data Arrays . . . . . . . . . 2–5
2.6 Installing Visual Fortran Service Update Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–6
2.7 Removing Visual Fortran Version 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–6
2.8 Removing Internet Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–7
2.9 Removing DIGITAL Array Visualizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–8
2.10 Check and Remove Old Environment Variable Definitions . . . . . 2–8
iii
2.11 Removing Visual Fortran Version 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–9
3 Product Highlights
3.1 Using the Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–2
3.2 The Fortran 95 Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–3
3.2.1 Array Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–5
3.2.2 Numerical Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–5
3.2.3 Specifying the Precision of Intrinsic Data Types . . . . . . . . . . 3–5
3.2.4 Derived Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–6
3.2.5 Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–7
3.2.6 Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–7
3.2.7 Language Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–7
3.3 Language Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–8
3.4 Microsoft Visual Development Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–8
3.4.1 Visual Fortran Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–10
3.4.1.1 Project Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–10
3.4.1.2 Project Configurations and Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–11
3.4.2 Customizing the Development Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–12
3.4.3 Text Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–13
3.4.4 Source Browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–14
3.4.5 Resource Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–14
3.4.6 Integrated Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15
3.5 Support for COM and Automation Objects: The Module
Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15
3.6 IMSL Libraries (Professional Edition only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–16
3.7 Array Visualizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–17
3.8 Using the Command-Line Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18
3.9 Books Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–19
3.10 Full Mixed-Language Programming Support with Microsoft
Visual C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 3–19
3.11 Interoperability with Microsoft Visual Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 3–20
4 Using the Visual Development Environment

4.1 Visual Development Environment Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–1
4.2 Building an Existing Visual Fortran Project (Celsius) . . . . . . . . . 4–4
4.3 Editing and Debugging CELSIUS.FOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–5
4.4 Creating a New Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–10
iv
5 Viewing Online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation
5.1 Starting the HTMLHelp Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–2
5.2 Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–4
5.3 HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–4
5.4 Navigating by Jumping to Related Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–5
5.5 F1 Context-Sensitive Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–6
5.6 Locating Topics by Index Keyword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–7
5.7 Locating Topics by Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–7
5.7.1 Basic Search Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–8
5.7.2 Words, Phrases, and Wildcards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–8
5.8 Using the Favorites Tab for Bookmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–9
5.9 Other HTMLHelp Viewer Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–9
6 Documentation Road Map

6.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–1
6.2 Language Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–2
6.3 Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–2
6.4 Online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–3
6.4.1 Language Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–4
6.4.2 Programmer’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–5
6.4.3 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–5
6.4.4 Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–5
6.4.5 Visual C++ User’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–6
6.4.6 DIGITAL Array Visualizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–6
6.4.7 Platform SDK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–6
6.4.8 Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–6
6.5 Where to Find Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–7
6.6 Books about Fortran 90 Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–8
7 Visual Fortran Technical Support

7.1 Help Desk Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–2
7.2 Software Telephone Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–2
7.3 Features of the Support Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–2
7.4 Guidelines for Reporting Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–3
v
Index
Figures
1–1 DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup Window . . ........ 1–10
1–2 DIGITAL Visual Fortran Installation Registration
Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–12
1–3 Setup Install Type Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–13
1–4 Setup Select Folder Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–17
1–5 Setup Install Type Dialog Box (Array Visualizer) . . . . . . . . . . 1–20
4–1 Visual Development Environment Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–2
4–2 Setting the Initial Breakpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–6
4–3 Starting the Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–7
4–4 Using Step Over in the Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–8
4–5 Viewing a Variable’s Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–9
4–6 New Project Type Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–11
5–1 HTMLHelp Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–1
5–2 HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–5
Tables
1–1 Visual Fortran Installation Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–14
3–1 Visual Fortran Main Project Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–10
3–2 IMSL Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–16
6–1 Visual Fortran Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–3
vi
About this Guide
This guide introduces you to DIGITAL Visual Fortran Version 6.0.

It summarizes DIGITAL Visual Fortran product features and shows how to
use certain features of the Microsoft Visual C++® Development Environment
(also known as Developer Studio). This guide explains how to install DIGITAL
Visual Fortran (Visual Fortran) on a PC with:
• An Intel® (or 100% compatible) processor, running the Microsoft Windows
NT® Version 4 operating system with Service Pack 3 (or later) or the
Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows 98 operating system. (Windows NT
Service Pack 3 and Internet Explorer are provided on the Visual Fortran
CD–ROM.) For system requirements, see Section 1.2.
• A DIGITAL Alpha (or 100% compatible) processor, running the Microsoft
Windows NT Version 4 operating system with Service Pack 3 (or later).
(Windows NT Service Pack 3 and Internet Explorer are provided on the
Visual Fortran CD–ROM.) For system requirements, see Section 1.2.
This guide contains the following chapters:
• Installing Visual Fortran (Chapter 1)
Describes registration, requirements, optional hardware and software,
using the setup program and installation, starting and quitting the
Microsoft Visual C++ Development Environment (visual development
environment), and related information.
• Post-Installation Tasks (Chapter 2)
Describes certain post-installation tasks required to use Visual Fortran,
copying project files, reinstalling Visual Fortran, installing Visual Fortran
service update kits, removing Visual Fortran and related software, and
suggested guidelines for programs that use large data arrays.
• Product Highlights (Chapter 3)
vii
Describes Visual Fortran features, including how to use the product
overview, the DIGITAL Fortran language, the Microsoft visual development
environment, and the major Visual Fortran software components.
• Using the Visual Development Environment (Chapter 4)
Shows how to use the Microsoft visual development environment, including
opening an existing project workspace (Celsius), using the debugger, and
creating a new project.
• Viewing Online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation (Chapter 5)
Shows how to read, navigate, search, copy, and print the online Visual
Fortran documentation with the Microsoft HTMLHelp viewer.
• Documentation Road Map (Chapter 6)
Describes the printed Visual Fortran documentation included in the kit and
online documentation titles.
• Visual Fortran Technical Support (Chapter 7)
Describes the warranty support and optional technical support options
available for the Visual Fortran product.
Associated Documentation
In addition to this guide, the Visual Fortran documentation (see Chapter 6)
includes the following:
• The printed DIGITAL Fortran Language Reference Manual
• Online Visual Fortran documentation, located under the ‘‘DIGITAL Visual
Fortran’’ folder in HTMLHelp Viewer, includes the Programmer’s Guide,
Language Reference, Error Messages, and the Visual C++ User’s Guide (see
Chapter 6).
Sending DIGITAL Your Comments on This Document

We welcome your comments on this or any other Visual Fortran document. You
can send comments in the following ways:
• Internet electronic mail: fortran_docs@zko.mts.dec.com
• FAX: 603-884-0120 Attn: Languages Documentation, ZKO2-3/K35
If you have suggestions for improving a particular section or find any errors,
please indicate the title, order number, and section (if available). DIGITAL
also welcomes general comments.
viii
1
Installing Visual Fortran
This chapter lists the system requirements for installing Visual Fortran
Version 6.0 and provides instructions on how to install the product. It includes
the following topics:
• Registration (Section 1.1)
• System Requirements and Optional Software (Section 1.2)
• Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Studio Products (Section 1.3)
• Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Fortran Version 5 (Section 1.4)
• Installing Visual Fortran and Related Software (Section 1.5)
• Starting and Quitting the Visual Development Environment (Section 1.6)
1.1 Registration
Your kit’s Visual Fortran folder contains the Visual Fortran CD–ROM disk and
a registration card. Your registration number is located on both parts of the
registration card.
Note
Keep your registration card in a safe place, since it contains your
registration number.
You will need your registration number:

• During installation (first installation and any subsequent reinstallation)
• When you register Visual Fortran by using online Internet Web access
• When you need technical support
Installing Visual Fortran 1–1

• If you later purchase a product upgrade kit (such as to upgrade Visual
Fortran between major versions), the installation procedure may ask for
both the old and the new registration numbers.
During installation, after you type your name and company, you must carefully
type your registration number into the four fields displayed.
Registering the product confirms that you are a legally registered user and
allows you to:
• Receive special offers from DIGITAL related to Visual Fortran upgrades
and related products.
• Receive information about Visual Fortran product use.
• Receive a free copy of the Visual Fortran electronic newsletter.
To register DIGITAL Visual Fortran, use an Internet Web browser to access
the following URL:
http://www.digital.com/register
If you register Visual Fortran by using an Internet Web browser, keep both
parts of the two-part perforated registration card (contains your registration
number).
If you are unable to use the Internet to access this Web site:
• Keep the part of the perforated registration card that does not contain
mailing information. It contains your registration number.
• Fill out the preaddressed part of the registration card and mail it to
DIGITAL.
When you register Visual Fortran, please complete all the requested
information.
For more information on warranty installation support and optionally available
technical support, see Chapter 7.
1.2 System Requirements and Optional Software

To run Visual Fortran, you need the following:
• For the Standard Edition, a PC with an Intel 486/66 MHz (or 100%
compatible) or higher processor (Intel Pentium® recommended) running
either:
The Microsoft Windows NT Version 4 operating system with Service
Pack 3 (provided on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM) or later installed
1–2 Installing Visual Fortran

The Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows 98 operating system.
• For the Professional Edition, a PC with either of the following processors:
An Intel Pentium series (or 100% compatible) or higher processor (Intel
Pentium 90 or higher recommended) running either:
* The Microsoft Windows NT Version 4 operating system with Service
Pack 3 (provided on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM) or later installed
* The Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows 98 operating system.
A DIGITAL Alpha processor (or 100% compatible) running the
Microsoft Windows NT Version 4 operating system with Service Pack 3
(provided on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM) or later installed.
• Sufficient memory, as follows:
Operating System Processor Memory Requirements

Windows 95 or x86 24 megabytes (MB) of available memory (32
Windows 98 MB or more recommended)
Windows NT x86 24 MB of available memory (32 MB or more
recommended)
Windows NT Alpha 32 MB of available memory (48 MB or more
recommended)
• A CD–ROM drive to install Visual Fortran. Your system should have 32-bit
CD–ROM drivers installed.
• A hard disk with enough disk space to install the options you need:
Edition Processor Hard Disk Space

Standard x86 Requires 30 MB to run from CD–ROM and up to 310
MB to install all components. Installing Microsoft
Internet Explorer Version 4 requires an additional 48
MB.
Professional x86 Requires 30 MB to run from CD–ROM and up to
370 MB to install all components. Installing Internet
Explorer Version 4 requires an additional 48 MB.
Installing the Array Visualizer requires from 10 to 75
MB.

Edition Processor Hard Disk Space
Professional Alpha Requires 40 MB to run from CD–ROM and up to

395 MB to install all components. Installing Internet
Explorer Version 4 requires an additional 48 MB.
Installing the Array Visualizer requires from 10 to 75
MB.
The setup program lets you select installation options and provides you
with the disk space requirements for the options you select. It then checks
to make sure you have enough space before copying files.
• A VGA monitor (17-inch SVGA monitor recommended).
• A mouse or compatible pointing device.
• To view the online documentation in HTMLHelp Viewer, you need to install
a certain release of Internet Explorer Version 4. The correct (minimum)
release of Internet Explorer Version 4 is provided on the Visual Fortran
CD–ROM.
• On a Windows NT system, installation of Visual Fortran and related
software must be performed from an Administrator account.
Note
For more information on operating system versions, see the Visual
Fortran release notes (RELNOTES.TXT file installed in the ...\Df98
directory). Before installation, you can read the release notes by
opening the RELNOTES.TXT file located in the root directory of the
Visual Fortran CD–ROM (or use the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master
Setup window, described in Section 1.5.1.1).
You can extend the capabilities of Visual Fortran by using it with the following
software products:
• Visual KAP™ for preprocessing your Visual Fortran source code for
performance reasons, and for parallel execution. Visual KAP is available
from Kuck & Associates, Inc. (http://www.kai.com or kai@kai.com).
• IMSL™ Libraries for Visual Fortran, which include the IMSL FORTRAN
77 Mathematical and Statistical Libraries and the Fortran 90 MP Library.
These IMSL Libraries are provided with the Professional Edition of Visual
Fortran.
For more information about IMSL, see Section 3.6.

• DIGITAL Array Visualizer, which allows you to view array data and
graph it in one of multiple views. You can use the Array Viewer with the
Standard or Professional Edition to view array files. The Professional
Edition also includes an ActiveX™ control, Array Visualizer library
routines, and the ability to view arrays with Array Viewer in the debugger.
For more information about DIGITAL Array Visualizer, see Section 3.7.
• Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 or Microsoft Visual Basic® for mixed-language
programming (http://www.microsoft.com/vstudio/).
• Microsoft Excel to graph your data (http://www.microsoft.com/excel/). For
example, the Autodice Sample (see Section 6.3) shows how use Automation
to export Fortran data to Excel.
• Microsoft Visual SourceSafe® for managing project source files, including
version control (http://www.microsoft.com/ssafe/).
1.3 Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Studio Products

Before you install Visual Fortran Version 6.0 on a system where Microsoft
Visual Studio® products might be installed, you need to be aware of the
following:
• To use language products that use a different version of the Microsoft
visual development environment than Visual Fortran, you cannot use
the Visual Studio environment to create all parts of the mixed-language
application.
• To install a version of Visual Fortran on a system where Visual C++
Version 6 or similar Version 6 Microsoft visual products are installed, only
tools using the same version of the Microsoft Visual C++ Development
Environment (visual development environment) should be installed in the
same directory location. However, if you attempt to use Visual Fortran with
other Visual tools of a different version of Visual Studio that are installed
in the same directory location, you may encounter unexpected run-time
errors and other problems.
With Visual Fortran Version 5, the default top-level installation directory is
\Program Files\DevStudio, including:
\Program Files\DevStudio
\Program Files\DevStudio\DF
\Program Files\DevStudio\VC

With Visual Fortran Version 6, the default top-level installation directory is
Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio, including:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\VC98
• The use of Visual Fortran with Microsoft Visual products that use different
versions of Visual Studio must be installed in different directories (see
Section 1.5.3).
• The same versions of Microsoft Visual C++ and Visual Fortran share the
same visual development environment. This allows you to easily create
applications that include code from both languages. Visual Studio products
of the same version are designed to work together and should be installed
in the same directory. By default, Setup will install Visual Fortran into the
same directory as your other Visual Studio products.
• For more information on compatible versions of Visual Studio products,
read the RELNOTES.TXT file (see Section 1.5.1.1).
• When you install Visual Fortran and a compatible version of Visual C++
with the Microsoft MSDN online documentation, when you use the search,
index, or contents functions, the current collection is used. To switch the
current online documentation collection in use by HTMLHelp Viewer, see
Section 5.1.
• If you have other Visual tools installed when you remove Visual Fortran,
they may need to be reinstalled to replace files removed by Visual Fortran.
1.4 Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Fortran Version 5

Before you install Visual Fortran Version 6 on a system where Visual Fortran
Version 5 (or Microsoft Fortran PowerStation Version 4) is installed, you need
to be aware of the following:
• You must not install Visual Fortran Version 6 in the same directory used
for Visual Fortran Version 5. With Visual Fortran Version 5, the default
top-level installation directory is \Program Files\DevStudio, including:
\Program Files\DevStudio
\Program Files\DevStudio\DF
\Program Files\DevStudio\VC

With Visual Fortran Version 6, the default installation directories are
folders under \Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio, including:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\VC98
• If you might use Visual Fortran Version 5 and Version 6 for the same
projects, consider making a copy of each project directory and its files. The
project file formats differ between Version 5 and Version 6. Visual Fortran
will ask you whether you want to convert the project to Version 6 format.
For more information, see Section 2.2.
• You can remove Visual Fortran Version 5 before or after you install Version
6. However, if you remove Visual Fortran Version 5 after you install
Version 6, you need to reinstall Visual Fortran Version 6 with the same
options as the current installation to reset the registry entries that are
removed when you remove Visual Fortran Version 5.
To remove Visual Fortran Version 5, follow the procedure in Section 2.11.
• When you installed Visual Fortran Version 5, if you allowed the Setup
installation program to update your environment variables, you need to
remove these changes manually. To check and remove old environment
variable definitions, see Section 2.10.
1.5 Installing Visual Fortran and Related Software

To install Visual Fortran, use the Setup program. Once installed, you can run
Visual Fortran within the Microsoft visual development environment (formerly
Developer Studio).
To view the Visual Fortran and related online documentation provided with
Visual Fortran, you must install Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 4, which
is provided on the Visual Fortran media CD–ROM.
1.5.1 Using Setup to Install Visual Fortran and Related Software

To install Visual Fortran:
1. Start Microsoft Windows NT, Windows 98, or Windows 95.
2. If you are using a Windows NT system:
With any Windows NT x86 or Alpha system, log into an account with
Administrator privilege.

If you are using a Windows NT Alpha system that is running FX!32™
Version 1.1 (or earlier), please see the installation instructions in the
online release notes before installing Visual Fortran.
3. Insert the Visual Fortran CD–ROM into your CD–ROM drive.
Your kit’s Visual Fortran (paper) folder contains the Visual Fortran CD–
ROM. Locate the CD–ROM and insert it into your system’s CD–ROM drive.
With the Visual Fortran Standard Edition, there is only one Visual Fortran
CD–ROM.
For Version 6.0 of the Professional Edition, there is one Visual Fortran
CD–ROM. Future versions of the Professional Edition may provide a
separate Visual Fortran CD–ROMs for x86 systems and Alpha systems.
The Professional Edition also includes a CD–ROM for the DIGITAL Array
Visualizer, which is installed separately (see Section 1.5.1.4).
If the version of Visual Fortran on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM has
not been previously installed on your system, the Autorun installation
utility displays the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup window (go to
Section 1.5.1.1).
The Autorun installation utility screen does not appear if the same version of
Visual Fortran has been previously installed; this allows use of the ‘‘Run from
CD–ROM’’ option (described in Section 1.5.2).
If Visual Fortran does not display the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup
window, do one of the following:
• Click on the Start menu, then perform the following steps:
1. From the Start menu, move the pointer to Settings.
2. Click Control Panel; the Control Panel window appears.
3. Click Add/Remove Programs; a dialog box appears.
4. Click the Install button (in the Install/Uninstall tab).
5. After inserting the Visual Fortran CD–ROM, click the Next> button.
6. Click Finish.
7. The DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup window appears (see
Section 1.5.1.1).
• Or you can double-click the My Computer icon, then perform the following
steps:
1. In My Computer, double-click the CD–ROM drive to display the
contents of the Visual Fortran CD–ROM.

2. Double-click the Setup icon to start Setup.
Section 1.5.1.1).
• Or you can click on the Start menu, then perform the following steps:
1. From the Start menu, click Run.
2. Type the drive letter followed by a colon and \setup.exe. For example,
if your CD–ROM drive is your D drive, type:
d:\setup.exe
3. Press Enter.
Section 1.5.1.1).
1.5.1.1 Using the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup Window
After you activate the Visual Fortran Setup procedure, the DIGITAL Visual
Fortran Master Setup Window appears, which resembles Figure 1–1.

Figure 1–1 DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup Window
The Master Setup Window allows you to select one of the following options:
• Install Visual Fortran
Click this selection box to begin installing DIGITAL Visual Fortran.
The Setup procedure displays the Visual Fortran Setup Welcome dialog box
(go to Section 1.5.1.3).
• View Release Notes
Click this selection box to view the Visual Fortran release notes (ASCII
file). The release notes file (file type TXT) is usually displayed in the
Notepad or Wordpad editor. After installation, you can read the release
notes by using the Visual Fortran program folder or by viewing the file
RELNOTES.TXT in the ...\Df98 directory.
• Exit
Click this selection box to exit the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master Setup
Window.

1.5.1.2 Installing Internet Explorer
If the correct version of Internet Explorer is not installed, the Setup procedure
requests that you install Internet Explorer. The correct (minimum) release of
Internet Explorer Version 4 is provided on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM.
To install Internet Explorer:
1. Click the Yes button to begin installation of Internet Explorer.
2. View and accept the Internet Explorer license agreement.
3. Files are copied to your system disk. Follow the displayed instructions.
4. Your system will reboot after installing Internet Explorer.
After your system reboots, resume installing Visual Fortran (see Section 1.5.1).
1.5.1.3 Installing Visual Fortran
If you have not done so already, activate the DIGITAL Visual Fortran Master
Setup Window needed to install Visual Fortran (see Section 1.5.1).
Follow these steps to install Visual Fortran:
1. The Welcome dialog box requests that you discontinue using other
applications during the installation process. Click the Restore/Maximize
button in the upper-right corner of the Welcome dialog box to view the
task bar. This allows you to close other applications currently in use. After
reading the displayed information, press the Next> button to proceed.
On systems running Windows NT, the installation procedure checks to see
whether Service Pack 3 (SP3) has been installed. If SP3 (or a later service
pack, such as SP4) is not installed, a dialog box appears asking whether
you want to install it now.
The installation procedure checks to see whether Version 4 of Microsoft
Internet Explorer is installed. If it is not installed, a dialog box appears
asking whether you want to install it now (go to Section 1.5.1.2).
If the Setup procedure detects that the correct version of Microsoft Internet
Explorer is installed and that Windows NT Service Pack 3 does not need to
be installed (such as on Windows 95 and Windows 98 systems), the License
Terms window appears.
2. The License Terms dialog box requests that you view the terms of the
Visual Fortran license. Click the I Accept button to accept the terms of the
license and continue installing Visual Fortran.

3. The Registration dialog box requests your name, your company’s name,
and the product registration number, as shown in Figure 1–2 for a new
installation.
Figure 1–2 DIGITAL Visual Fortran Installation Registration Window
Type your name and your company’s name. Carefully type your registration
number into the four fields displayed. Your registration number is on the
warranty registration card (see Section 1.1).
If you purchased a product upgrade kit (such as to upgrade Visual Fortran
between major versions), the installation procedure may ask for both the
old and the new registration numbers.
As you type the number, the cursor moves to the next field. If you need to
make a correction, you can move the cursor to a different field:
• To return to a previous field, either click on that field or press the
Shift+Tab keys (hold down Shift and press tab).
• To advance to the next field, either click on the field or press the Tab
key.
As in other installation dialog boxes, you can click on one of the following
buttons:

• The Next> button to proceed with the installation and display the
Select Installation Type dialog box
• The <Back button to return to the previous dialog box
• The Cancel button to exit the Visual Fortran Setup procedure
4. The Setup Install Type dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 1–3.
Figure 1–3 Setup Install Type Dialog Box
This dialog box allows you to specify target directories and the following
installation options:
• The Destination Directories box (lower part of screen) shows the default
destination directories.
If you are installing a new version of Visual Fortran, the default
directories will be placed on your system disk (shown below as C:), as
follows:
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\VC98

If you are installing a version of Visual Fortran on a system where
Microsoft Visual Studio products are installed (such as Visual C++),
read Section 1.3 before you install Visual Fortran.
If you are installing a version of Visual Fortran on a dual-boot system
(such as Windows 98 and Windows NT), you need to specify different
directories (or disks) for the installation of Visual Fortran under each
operating system.
To change disk devices, click the top Directory button and select
a different disk device from the drop-down list. On whichever disk
device you select, DIGITAL recommends that you specify the top-level
directory as:
Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common
To specify a different directory, click the appropriate Directory button.
If you are installing a newer version of Version 6 or reinstalling Visual
Fortran, the installation procedure will replace (install over the location
of) the existing version by default. For more information on changing
installation options or reinstalling Visual Fortran, see Section 2.3.
• The Typical option is recommended for most users. It installs the most
common Visual Fortran components, but it does not install certain
components and subcomponents (such as Samples) listed in Table 1–1.
Table 1–1 Visual Fortran Installation Components

Custom Installation Contains
Component Name Subcomponents? Included in Typical Installation?
Fortran Compiler, No Yes
Tools, and Libraries
Microsoft Visual No Yes
Studio
Books Online Yes Installs Visual Fortran and Visual
(HTMLHelp Viewer Studio HTMLHelp Viewer titles, but
titles) omits the Win32® SDK title, which can
be viewed from the CD–ROM
IMSL Numeric Yes Yes, installs all subcomponents
Libraries (Professional Edition only)
Sample Programs No No
(continued on next page)

Table 1–1 (Cont.) Visual Fortran Installation Components
Custom Installation Contains
Component Name Subcomponents? Included in Typical Installation?
1
Supplemental Tools Yes Yes, installs Profiler, Process Viewer,
WinDiff, Windows Tools, and OLE Tools
1 To view the Supplmental tools item during a Custom installation, use the horizontal scroll bar.
The development kit for DIGITAL Array Visualizer is available only

with the Professional Edition. You can use the DIGITAL Array
Visualizer media CD-ROM to install DIGITAL Array Visualizer after
you install Visual Fortran or at a later time (see Section 1.5.1.4).
If you choose the Typical installation option and later want to add
additional components, you can perform a Custom installation without
removing Visual Fortran (see Section 2.3).
• The Custom option is recommended for advanced users. During a
Custom installation, you can select each component and subcomponent.
Table 1–1 lists the Visual Fortran components, whether each
component has subcomponents, and whether that component is
included in a Typical Installation.
After you select a Custom installation, the Custom Options Selection
dialog box appears allowing you to click the check box for each
component you want installed. It also displays:
The estimated disk space required by each component
The total size required by the selected components
The disk space available on the specified hard disk
If you are installing Visual Fortran components on multiple disks, the
"Space Available" number applies only to the disk on which the "Visual
Studio Files" are to be installed.
In the Custom Options Selection dialog box, when you select (click)
certain component lines, such as Visual Fortran Books Online, you
can click the Change... button to view the sizes and check each
subcomponent you want to install. When you select a component
line that does not have any subcomponents, the Change... button is
dimmed.

• The Run from CD–ROM installs a minimal set of shared Visual Studio
files on the hard disk, but components will be run from the Visual
Fortran CD–ROM. The CD–ROM must be mounted to use Visual
Fortran components (as described in Section 1.5.2).
To determine the disk space available for the current destination directory,
select the Custom option, view the disk space available, and then press the
<Back button to allow you to select one of the three installation options.
The displayed disk space numbers are calculated conservatively as if none
of the files exist in the target directories. For example, if you are installing
a newer version of Visual Fortran version 6 in the same location as an
older version of Version 6, the actual disk space required will be less than
the calculated disk space displayed.
You can use the <Back and Next> buttons to move through the installation
selections. When you have selected the appropriate installation option and
completed the questions, click the Next> button.
5. The Select Folder dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 1–4 for a
Windows NT system.

Figure 1–4 Setup Select Folder Dialog Box
The Select Folder dialog box asks you to:

• View and optionally change the Program Folder name.
For the folder name, use the same set of characters allowed for file
names.
• On a Windows NT system, whether you want Visual Fortran installed
in a common or personal Folder Type. The Folder Type radio buttons
allow you to specify whether Visual Fortran will be installed either:
In a common folder available to other users
As a personal folder available only to the account being used for
installation
Note
When you click the Next> button in reply to the Select Folder dialog
box, installation begins.

After you click the Next> button, the Setup program displays the message
‘‘Setup is checking space requirements’’ while it determines the exact
amount of disk space needed. Setup will display a message if you do not
have enough disk space.
The installation copies files to the target directories, updates registry
entries, and creates Program Folder entries and icons.
6. A dialog box asks whether you want to update certain environment
variables file for use with a command-line window. This requires
modification of the AUTOEXEC.BAT file on Windows 95 and Windows
98 systems and certain environment variables on Windows NT systems.
Visual Fortran supports command-line use with certain features that
minimize the need for you to modify your environment variables:
• The Visual Fortran Program Folder includes an Fortran command-line
window with the appropriate environment variables set by executing
the equivalent of DFVARS.BAT.
• You can execute the DFVARS.BAT file to set these environment
variables.
Using the Fortran command-line window or executing DFVARS.BAT file
sets the environment variables (such as PATH, INCLUDE, and LIB) as
well the appropriate environment variables for IMSL routine use when
using the Professional Edition.
If you decide to allow your environment variables to be updated, on
Windows 95 or Windows 98 systems Visual Fortran modifies your
AUTOEXEC.BAT file to insert a CALL command that executes the
DFVARS.BAT file.
After installation, to check and remove environment variable definitions,
see Section 2.10.
1.5.1.4 Installing DIGITAL Array Visualizer (Professional Edition)
If you have purchased the Professional Edition, after you install Visual
Fortran, Visual Fortran setup asks you whether you want to install the
DIGITAL Array Visualizer. If you reply Yes, dialog boxes request that you
specify the drive letter where the DIGITAL Array Visualizer media CD-ROM is
located.
Locate the DIGITAL Array Visualizer CD–ROM in the DIGITAL Array
Visualizer (paper) folder. Insert the DIGITAL Array Visualizer CD–ROM
into your system’s CD–ROM drive and click OK.

To install the DIGITAL Array Visualizer after you install Visual Fortran, use
the Autorun feature or double-click the setup.exe file in the root directory of
the DIGITAL Array Visualizer media CD-ROM.
The account requirements for Windows NT systems and special considerations
for Alpha systems listed in Section 1.5.1 also apply to the installation of the
DIGITAL Array Visualizer.
The following dialog boxes appear during installation of DIGITAL Array
Visualizer:
1. The Welcome dialog box requests that you discontinue using other
applications during the installation process. Click the Restore/Maximize
button in the upper-right corner of the Welcome dialog box to view the
task bar. This allows you to close other applications currently in use. After
reading the displayed information, press the Next> button to proceed.
2. The License Terms dialog box requests that you view the terms of the
Visual Fortran license. Click the I Accept button to accept the terms of the
license and continue installing DIGITAL Array Visualizer.
3. The Registration dialog box requests your name, company name, and a
registration number.
You can click the Restore/Maximize button in the upper-right corner to
view the task bar.
If you are installing the Array Visualizer as part of the Visual Fortran
Professional Edition, type the same registration number used to install the
Professional Edition of Visual Fortran.
Carefully type your registration number into the four fields displayed. Your
registration number is on the Visual Fortran warranty registration card
(see Section 1.1).
As you type the number, the cursor moves to the next field. If you need to
make a correction, you can move the cursor to a different field:
• To return to a previous field, either click on that field or press the
Shift+Tab keys (hold down Shift and press tab).
• To advance to the next field, either click on the field or press the Tab
key.
4. The Setup Install Type dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 1–5.

Figure 1–5 Setup Install Type Dialog Box (Array Visualizer)
The Setup Install Type dialog box allows you to specify the type of
DIGITAL Array Visualizer installation and the target directories.
• Typical, includes all components with the exception of Array Visualizer
Samples.
• Run-Time Only, includes only run-time components, which includes the
Array Viewer.
• Complete, includes all components, including Array Visualizer
Samples.
With the Visual Fortran Standard Edition, only the Run-Time Only
installation type is available.
Specify the Destination Directory or click the Browse button to specify the
correct directory location. The default location is:
C:\Program Files\ArrayVisualizer
If you are installing the Array Visualizer on a dual-boot system (such as
Windows 98 and Windows NT), you need to specify different directories
(or disks) for the installation of Array Visualizer under each two operating
system.

Like other installation dialog boxes, you can click on one of the following
buttons:
• The Next> button to proceed with the installation and display the
Select folder dialog box
• The <Back button to return to the previous dialog box
• The Cancel button to exit the DIGITAL Array Visualizer Setup
procedure
The Select Folder dialog box asks you to:
• View and optionally change the Program Folder name.
For the folder name, use the same set of characters allowed for file
names.
• On a Windows NT system, whether you want DIGITAL Array
Visualizer installed in a common or personal Folder Type. The Folder
Type radio buttons allow you to specify whether Visual Fortran will be
installed either:
In a common folder available to other users
As a personal folder available only to the account being used for
installation
In reply to this dialog box, when you click the Next> button, installation
begins.
1.5.2 Running Visual Fortran All or Partially from CD–ROM

When you install Visual Fortran to run from CD–ROM, you do not have to
install all components on your local hard disk. If you want, you can use the
files that make up these components directly from the CD–ROM when you
need them.
Although this can save you hard disk space, there is usually a performance
penalty for the component involved (although the amount of slowdown depends
on the speed of your CD–ROM drive). To determine if a particular component
can run from CD–ROM, during a Custom installation, the component’s
description in the options selection ends with ‘‘This component can be used
directly from the CD–ROM.’’
You can run certain components from the Visual Fortran CD–ROM if they are
not installed on your disk. These include:
• Selecting certain HTMLHelp Viewer Books Online titles (from the Contents
window) that have not been installed. The system will request that you
mount the Visual Fortran CD–ROM.

• Selecting certain Supplementary Tools (by clicking on their icon) that have
not been installed. The system will request that you mount the Visual
Fortran CD–ROM.
• Viewing, copying, or printing the Samples and Release Notes files directly
from the Visual Fortran CD–ROM at any time. The various Samples are
in the ...\info\Df\Samples directory on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM. You
can read the Visual Fortran release notes by using the DIGITAL Visual
Fortran Master Setup window.
You can also choose to run Visual Fortran directly from the CD–ROM by
selecting the ‘‘Run from CD–ROM’’ option during Setup. If you select this
option, a minimum of local hard disk space will be used (see Section 1.2);
however, the Visual Fortran CD–ROM must be inserted into your CD–ROM
drive to use any component of Visual Fortran.
For More Information:
• On mixed-language development support, see Section 1.5.3.
• On changing installation options or reinstalling Visual Fortran, see Section 2.3.
1.5.3 Mixed-Language Development Support

Because the same versions of Microsoft Visual C++ and Visual Fortran share
the same visual development environment, you can easily create applications
that include code from both languages. Visual Studio products of the same
version are designed to work together and should be installed in the same
directory. By default, Setup will install Visual Fortran into the same directory
as your other Visual Studio products. Please note that problems can arise if
you choose to install in different directories.
Note
Before you install Visual Fortran on a system where an installed
product uses a different version of the Microsoft visual development
environment, Visual Studio, or Developer Studio (such as Microsoft
Fortran PowerStation), see Section 1.3.
For more information on compatible versions of Visual Studio products,
see the RELNOTES.TXT file (see Section 1.5.1.1).
If you need to use language products that use a different version of the visual
development environment (or a different development environment) than
Visual Fortran, you cannot use the same visual development environment to
build all parts of the mixed-language application.

When other languages in a mixed-language application use a different version
of Microsoft’s visual development environment, you can copy object files
into your project workspace, add them to your project, and use the visual
development environment to link them into your application.
1.6 Starting and Quitting the Visual Development

Environment
This section describes how to start and quit the visual development
environment.
After you install Visual Fortran, you can start visual development environment
from the same account used to install Visual Fortran. Other accounts need to
execute the Per-User option before using Visual Fortran (see Section 2.1).
To start the visual development environment:
1. From the Start menu, select Programs.
2. Select Visual Fortran to display the items installed by Setup.
3. Select Developer Studio.
To quit the visual development environment:
• In visual development environment, choose Exit from the File menu.
For information about the visual development environment features, see
Section 3.4.
For information about using visual development environment, see Chapter 4.
After installation, perform certain post-installation tasks described in
Chapter 2.

2
Post-Installation Tasks
This chapter describes certain post-installation tasks required to use Visual

Fortran as well as removing Visual Fortran, reinstalling Visual Fortran, and
suggested guidelines for programs that use large data arrays.
• Applying the Visual Fortran Per-User Option (Section 2.1)
• Copying Visual Fortran Project Files (Section 2.2)
• Changing Installation Options or Reinstalling Visual Fortran (Section 2.3)
• Redistributing Visual Fortran Files (Section 2.4)
• Guidelines for Programs that Use Large Data Arrays (Section 2.5)
• Installing Visual Fortran Service Update Kits (Section 2.6)
• Removing Visual Fortran Version 6 (Section 2.7)
• Removing Internet Explorer (Section 2.8)
• Removing DIGITAL Array Visualizer (Section 2.9)
• Check and Remove Old Environment Variable Definitions (Section 2.10)
• Removing Visual Fortran Version 5 (Section 2.11)
2.1 Applying the Visual Fortran Per-User Option

After you install Visual Fortran on a system where different user accounts
will use Visual Fortran, apply the Per-user Setup option from each account
that will use Visual Fortran (other than the account used for installing Visual
Fortran).
For example, after you use an Administrator account to install Visual Fortran
on a system running the Windows NT operating system, you need to apply the
Per-user Setup option to all other User accounts that will use Visual Fortran.
Post-Installation Tasks 2–1

To apply the Per-user Setup option, select it from the Visual Fortran program
folder. If you are not sure the Per-user Setup option was previously applied, it
is safe to apply it multiple times for the same account.
After installing (or reinstalling) Visual Fortran, if you do not apply the Per-
user Setup option, you may encounter difficulties locating the Visual Fortran
compiler image DF.EXE and viewing Fortran data in the visual development
environment debugger. For example, you may not be able to view the contents
of arrays within the debugger.
Similarly, if you encounter errors related to DF.EXE when compiling Visual
Fortran programs or difficulties viewing Fortran data in the Visual Studio
debugger, consider applying the Per-user Setup option from the Visual Fortran
program folder.
2.2 Copying Visual Fortran Project Files

When you create a project, you can specify where the project folder is created.
If you accepted the default directory both during installation and when creating
the project, the new project folder is created in the Program Files\Microsoft
Visual Studio\My Projects folder.
You should make backup copies of your project folders periodically.
The project files for Visual Fortran Version 5 and Version 6 are different. If you
open a Visual Fortran project that was created using Visual Fortran Version 5,
a Visual Fortran dialog box asks you whether you want to convert the project
files to Version 6 format.
If your development environment requires that you use both Version 5 and
Version 6, copy the project directory and its files to another location first, before
converting the project to Version 6.
2.3 Changing Installation Options or Reinstalling Visual

Fortran
If you need to install additional components of the same Visual Fortran
version, do not remove (deinstall) Visual Fortran. For example, if you
previously performed a Typical installation and need to install additional
components by using a Custom installation, perform the Custom installation
without removing Visual Fortran.
If any of the following apply, you should remove Visual Fortran before
reinstalling it:
• You need to remove previously installed Visual Fortran components.
2–2 Post-Installation Tasks

• You need to install Visual Fortran on a different disk.
• You are having certain problems with Visual Fortran or the Microsoft
visual development environment (such as disk errors) that can be fixed by
reinstalling Visual Fortran files.
When reinstalling Visual Fortran, accept the previous location unless you need
to install Visual Fortran on a different disk.
If you need to install Visual Fortran on a different disk, specify a different disk
location using the Directory button. Before reinstalling Visual Fortran, you
can remove Visual Fortran from the last directory location, but you will need to
copy your source and other project-related files to the corresponding directories
if you specify a new location.
To remove Visual Fortran Version 6, see Section 2.7.
To remove Visual Fortran Version 5, see Section 2.11.
To run the Visual Fortran installation procedure, see Section 1.5.1.
2.4 Redistributing Visual Fortran Files

If you need to redistribute Visual Fortran files, be aware that only the files
in the following folders on the Visual Fortran CD-ROM can be redistributed
without permission:
...\Df\Redist
...\VC\Redist
If you need to redistribute other files, you need specific permission from
DIGITAL.
If your application uses the QuickWin (or Standard Graphics) project type, you
only need the FQWIN.HLP file (explained below). QuickWin applications do
not use dynamic-link libraries (DLLs).
If your application does not use DLLs (links only against static libraries) and
does not use the QuickWin (or Standard Graphics) project type, you do not
need to redistribute any files.
If your application does use DLLs, you will need to redistribute certain DLLs.
Among the files in the redistribution directories are dynamic-link libraries
(DLLs). If you move an application to another system that uses Fortran DLLs,
the required DLL (and any DLLs it references) must be placed on the target
system before running the application. The Fortran DLLs are used by an
application (either by the .EXE or another .DLL) when either:
• On the command line, the /libs=dll option is specified.

• In the visual development environment, when in the Project Settings
Fortran tab, Use Libraries: DLL is selected in the Libraries Category.
For example, if you run your application on the target system that uses a
Fortran DLL (such as DFORRT.DLL) without copying DFORRT.DLL, the
following message appears:
The dynamic link library DFORRT.dll could not be found in the specified path
......
To view whether a DLL references other DLLs:
1. Run Windows Explorer.
2. Locate the CD–ROM drive that contains the Visual Fortran CD–ROM.
3. Locate the appropriate directory (such as ...\Df\Redist).
4. Select one of the DLLs you might redistribute (such as DFORRT.DLL).
5. Select the File menu item, Quick View.
6. Scroll the displayed text to look under Import Table for information about
imported DLLs.
Redistributable files in ...\Df\Redist include the following files:
• DFORRT.DLL is needed for any single-threaded Visual Fortran application.
Since DFORRT.DLL references MSVCRT.DLL (in ...\VC\Redist), you
would need to copy DFORRT.DLL and MSVCRT.DLL (as well as any other
DLL files referenced) to the target system.
• DFORMD.DLL is needed for any multi-threaded Visual Fortran
application. Since DFORRT.DLL references MSVCRT.DLL (in
...\VC\Redist), you would need to copy DFORRT.DLL and MSVCRT.DLL
(as well as any other DLL files referenced) to the target system.
• FQWIN.HLP should be redistributed only with QuickWin applications
(project type). This file allows the person running the QuickWin application
to access the Help menu.
• If you have installed DIGITAL Array Visualizer (Professional Edition):
AVIEWxxx.DLL (AVIEW100.DLL for Array Visualizer Version 1.0)
should be redistributed with your application if it calls the Array
Visualizer library routines.
AVis2D.OCX should be redistributed with your application if it uses
the ActiveX interface to the Array Visualizer (see the Array Visualizer
online documentation for more information).

If the target system does not have the Visual Fortran Standard
Edition or Professional Edition installed, the target system will need to
download (and install) the file containing the Array Viewer executable
Aviewer.exe from the Visual Fortran Web site (http://www.digital.com
/fortran/).
Copy the needed files from the appropriate ...\Redist directory on the Visual
Fortran CD–ROM to one of the following directories on the target system:
• The same directory where the executable is placed.
• In the system DLL area, such as \WINNT\SYSTEM32 on Windows NT
systems.
• In one of the directories that is specified by the PATH environment
variable.
For information about the DLL directory search order, see the CreateProcess( )
Win32 API routine. When copying the DLL to the target system, make sure
that you are not replacing a newer .DLL with an older version.
To develop an installation procedure for your Visual Fortran application, see
the section ‘‘File Installation Library’’ in the Platform SDK title in HTMLHelp
Viewer.
2.5 Guidelines for Programs that Use Large Data Arrays

Certain programs use large amounts of data. Especially those programs that
use large allocatable arrays (dynamically allocated at run-time), certain tasks
must be performed to provide enough stack space for the program to run.
Many kinds of variables and expressions can be allocated on the stack. If
you are using array intrinsics or expressions, these can generate large stack-
allocated temporaries, even if the original variable is static or dynamically
allocated.
The default stack size is 1MB. You can increase this by specifying the linker
option /stack:nnnnn where n is the number of bytes (in decimal) you want for
the stack. In Developer Studio, select in the Project menu Settings item, select
the Link tab and add the option switch to the list of Project Options. This
switch can also be specified on the DF command line.
To change the stack size of an already-linked executable, use the EDITBIN
command, /stack:nnnnn option.

Certain large programs may run into larger limits imposed by the operating
system. For example, Windows NT Version 4 Service Pack 3 (or later) and
Windows 98 extends the addressable range of static storage (see the Visual
Fortran online release notes).
2.6 Installing Visual Fortran Service Update Kits

Visual Fortran service update kits provide fixes to problems discovered
since the release of Visual Fortran for a particular version. For information
on service update kits, please see the DIGITAL Fortran home page at the
following Internet URL:
http://www.digital.com/fortran/
The service update kits need to be downloaded and carefully applied. For
example:
• Do not attempt to install a Version 5 service update kit to Visual Fortran
Version 6.
• Do not attempt to install a service update kit until previous service update
kits required by that service update kit have already been installed.
Please read and follow the directions in the download area carefully.
2.7 Removing Visual Fortran Version 6

If any of the following apply, you should remove Visual Fortran before
reinstalling it:
• You need to remove (deinstall) previously installed Visual Fortran
components.
• You need to install Visual Fortran on a different disk.
• You are having certain problems with Visual Fortran or the Microsoft
visual development environment (such as disk errors) that can be fixed by
reinstalling Visual Fortran files.
If you have other Visual tools installed when you remove Visual Fortran, they
may need to be reinstalled to replace files removed by Visual Fortran.
To remove Visual Fortran Version 6, do the following:
1. If you are using a Windows NT system, log into an account with
2. Click the Start menu.
3. Move the pointer to Settings, then click Control Panel.

4. Double-click Add/Remove Programs.
5. Within the displayed list, click Visual Fortran.
6. Click the Add/Remove button.
This procedure removes files installed during the previous Visual Fortran
installation.
This Add/Remove Programs procedure only removes files that were created
by the Visual Fortran installation program. For example, it does not
remove files created by the visual development environment, such as the
...\Common\MSDev98\Gallery folder.
Note
If you have other Visual tools installed when you remove Visual
Fortran Version 5, they may need to be reinstalled to replace files
removed by Visual Fortran.
After you remove Visual Fortran, you may also need to perform the following
actions:
• Check and remove old environment variable definitions (Section 2.10)
2.8 Removing Internet Explorer

If you are using a Windows NT system, log into an account with Administrator
privilege.
To remove Internet Explorer from the last directory location:
4. Within the displayed list, click Microsoft Internet Explorer.

2.9 Removing DIGITAL Array Visualizer
If you are using a Windows NT system, log into an account with Administrator
privilege.
To remove DIGITAL Array Visualizer (included with the Professional Edition):
4. Within the displayed list, click DIGITAL Array Visualizer.
2.10 Check and Remove Old Environment Variable

Definitions
When you installed Visual Fortran, if you allowed the Setup installation
program to update your environment variables, you need to remove these
changes manually.
For example, if you have installed Visual Fortran Version 6 on a system
where Visual Fortran Version 5 was previously installed, you need to check
the environment variables. If you no longer need to use Version 5, you
can safely remove the old Version 5 directory paths (listed in Section 1.4).
Removing unneeded Version 5 directory paths can improve Visual Fortran
build performance and can eliminate the cause of certain unexpected errors.
On Windows 95 and Windows 98 systems, make a backup copy of your
AUTOEXEC.BAT file and then carefully edit the AUTOEXEC.BAT file in the
root directory of your system disk:
1. Locate lines that contain the following:
rem - lines added by Visual Fortran x.x.x on MM-DD-YYYY
call x:\dir-name\...\DFVARS.BAT AUTOEXEC
rem - end of lines added by Visual Fortran 5.0.0 Setup
For example, environment variables defined by Visual Fortran Version 5
when the default installation directory was used might contain:
rem - lines added by Visual Fortran 5.0.0 on MM-DD-YYYY
call C:\Program Files\DevStudio\Df\DFVARS.BAT AUTOEXEC
rem - end of lines added by Visual Fortran 5.0.0 Setup
2. Carefully remove each set of old lines for previous versions of Visual
Fortran from this file.

3. Save the AUTOEXEC.BAT file before you exit the editor.
On Windows NT systems:
1. Log into an account with Administrator privilege.
2. Place the pointer on Start and click Settings.
3. Click Control Panel.
4. Click System.
5. Click the Environment tab.
6. View the displayed environment variables.
7. For example, in the System Variables, check the definitions of the Path
variable:
Double-click the Path variable
Near the bottom of the window, the variable Path and its full definition
appear.
Check the device and directory definitions of the Path variable (used by
Visual Fortran and other products). If an older directory path exists,
remove it. Directory path names are delimited by semi-colons ( ; ) and
the last path name might contain %SystemRoot%
8. Check the INCLUDE and LIB variables (used by Visual Fortran and other
program development products).
9. With the Professional Edition, check the LINK_F90 and VNI_F90_MSG
environment variables.
10. To have the environment variable changes take effect immediately, click
the Apply button.
11. Click the OK button (to allow changes to be made) or click Cancel (to not
allow changes to be made).
2.11 Removing Visual Fortran Version 5

To remove Visual Fortran Version 5 from the last directory location, do the
following:
1. If you are using a Windows NT system, log into an account with

5. Within the displayed list, click Visual Fortran Version 5.
This procedure removes files installed by the Visual Fortran Version 5
installation procedure.
This Add/Remove Programs procedure only removes files that were created
by the Visual Fortran installation program. For example, it does not
remove files created by Visual Studio Version 5 products, such as the
...\SharedIDE\Gallery folder.
Note
If you have other Visual Studio Version 5 tools installed when you
remove Visual Fortran Version 5, they may need to be reinstalled.
After removing Visual Fortran Version 5, you should check and remove old
environment variable definitions (see Section 2.10).
If you installed Visual Fortran Version 5 multiple times without removing
Visual Fortran Version 5 before an installation, you can use the uninst
command to complete the removal of additional Visual Fortran files. This extra
step is no longer needed for Version 6 installations.
For example, if you originally did a Typical installation and added some
Visual Fortran Version 5 components with a Custom installation, there will be
multiple DeIsLn.isu files in the Visual Fortran installation folder, where n is
an integer value.
If you are using a dual-boot system, before using the following procedure, use
the Control Panel Add/Remove program procedure on both operating systems
to remove Visual Fortran registry entries and most of the files.
To remove additional Visual Fortran Version 5 files and delete the specified
DeIsLn.isu file:
• On a Windows NT system, log into an account with Administrator
privilege.
• Locate the correct DeIsLn.isu file in \Program Files\DevStudio\DF.

Use Windows Explorer or My Computer to look in your installation
directory (by default subfolders under \Program Files\DevStudio) for files
with the name DeIsLn.isu. Each time Visual Fortran is installed, a file
with this name is created using a value n 1 greater than any previous files
by that name. (The first Visual Fortran installation creates DeIsL1.isu, the
second is DeIsL2.isu, and so on.)
If there is only one DeIsLn.isu file and you have not yet used the
Add/Remove Programs procedure, you should not use the uninst command.
If there are multiple DeIsLn.isu files, note the file with the greatest value
of n.
• Carefully type the uninst command.
Note
Do not type uninstal; type the command as uninst.
From a command window or the Run prompt, type the following uninst
command, replacing C with the actual device letter,
\Program Files\DevStudio with the actual directory path, and n with the
highest number of the DeIsLn.isu file:
uninst -f"C:\Program Files\DevStudio\DeIsLn.isu"
You must enclose the drive letter, path, and file name within quotation
marks. If there are multiple DeIsLn.isu files, use the greatest value of n
first.
Repeat the uninst command multiple times for each DeIsLn.isu file,
always using the DeIsLn.isu file with the greatest value of n on the
command line.
If you remove Visual Fortran Version 5 after you install Version 6, you need
to reinstall Visual Fortran Version 6 with the same options as the current
installation to reset the registry entries that are removed when you remove
Visual Fortran Version 5.

3
Product Highlights
Visual Fortran has many features that let you develop programs that use the
latest improvements to the Fortran language; features that make development
easy and efficient; and features that make your applications rich and robust.
Visual Fortran generates 32-bit applications for all project types. It does not
generate 16-bit applications.
This chapter includes the following topics:
• Using the Product Overview, which introduces you to major Visual Fortran
features using an animated presentation (Section 3.1)
• The Fortran 95 Language (Section 3.2)
• Language Extensions (Section 3.3)
• Microsoft Visual Development Environment (Section 3.4)
• Support for COM and Automation Objects: The Module Wizard
(Section 3.5)
• IMSL Libraries (Professional Edition only) (Section 3.6)
• Array Visualizer (Section 3.7)
• Using the Command-Line Interface (Section 3.8)
• Books Online (Section 3.9)
• Full Mixed-Language Programming Support with Microsoft Visual C++
(Section 3.10)
• Interoperability with Microsoft Visual Basic (Section 3.11)
Product Highlights 3–1

3.1 Using the Product Overview
The Visual Fortran product overview is a PowerPoint® 97 slide show that
contains tutorial help for users unfamiliar with Visual Fortran, the visual
development environment, and the DIGITAL Array Visualizer. It presents
tutorial information using animated methods on the following topics:
• Introduction to DIGITAL Visual Fortran
• The Microsoft Visual Development Environment
• Building a DLL and Performing Mixed-Language Programming
• Using COM with DIGITAL Visual Fortran
• DIGITAL Visual Fortran Professional Edition
The PowerPoint 97 Viewer or Microsoft PowerPoint 97 (or later) should be
used to view this tutorial information. To download the PowerPoint 97 Viewer
and view the system requirements, you can follow instructions in the product
overview ‘‘read me’’ file on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM in:
...\Info\OVERVIEW\README.TXT
Once the PowerPoint 97 Viewer is installed, run the viewer and open the
product overview from the following location on the Visual Fortran CD–ROM:
...\Info\OVERVIEW\OVERVIEW.PPT
To run the PowerPoint 97 Viewer:
1. After installation, select "Microsoft PowerPoint Viewer 97" from the
Programs menu (click Start, click Programs, click Microsoft PowerPoint
Viewer 97)
2. Inside PowerPoint Viewer 97, select (where drive is your CD–ROM drive
letter):
drive:\Info\overview\overview.ppt
3. You can now adjust some of the Viewer options. See the instructions below
on using the Viewer.
4. Click the Show button to begin viewing the Overview, which starts with a
black screen.
To use the PowerPoint 97 Viewer to view the Visual Fortran product overview,
you can run the Overview in either the self-running or interactive modes:
• In the default self-running mode, slides and text advance automatically
at predefined time intervals. However, you can pause and advance slides.
3–2 Product Highlights

To make sure you use self-running mode, select the Using Timings, if
present radio button in the "Advance slides" box in PowerPoint Viewer 97.
• In the interactive mode, you completely control when actions take place
(see below). To use interactive mode, click the Manually radio button in the
"Advance slides" box in PowerPoint Viewer 97.
To adjust additional viewing settings, use the Options dialog box (click
"Options..." in the PowerPoint Viewer). If you select the "Loop continuously
until ’Esc’" (under "Override Saved Settings") option, the Overview will loop
continuously until you press the Escape key.
You can use the following commands in self-running or interactive mode:
• To advance the slide show, click the left mouse button or press the right
arrow key.
• To back up a slide, press the left arrow key.
• To pause the Overview, click the right mouse button to display the popup
menu.
• To end the Overview, press the Escape key or select "End Show" from the
popup menu. When using the "Password Locked Slide Show" option, the
only way you can exit the Overview is by pressing the Escape key.
3.2 The Fortran 95 Language

Visual Fortran uses the DIGITAL Fortran language and its highly efficient
DIGITAL Fortran compiler system.
The DIGITAL Fortran language provides a superset of the Fortran 95 standard
with extensions for compatibility with:
• Previous versions of DIGITAL Fortran (DEC Fortran™ and VAX™
FORTRAN™)
• Microsoft Fortran PowerStation Version 4
DIGITAL Fortran conforms to the following standards:
• The Fortran 95 Standard, ‘‘American National Standard Programming
Language Fortran 95’’, and the ‘‘International Standards Organization
Programming Language Fortran’’, ISO 1539-1995 (E)
• The Fortran 90 Standard, ‘‘American National Standard Programming
Language Fortran 90’’, ANSI X3.198-1992, and the ‘‘International
Standards Organization Programming Language Fortran’’, ISO/IEC
1539-1:1991 (E)

• The FORTRAN 77 Standard, ‘‘American National Standard Programming
Language FORTRAN’’, ANSI X3.9-1978.
• The FORTRAN IV (FORTRAN 66) Standard, ‘‘American National Standard
Programming Language FORTRAN’’, ANSI X3.9-1966.
Fortran 95 provides all the original features of Fortran 90 and FORTRAN 77,
and adds the extensions and flexibility of newer languages. Some features
of the older standard have been declared obsolete or deleted. While Visual
Fortran still recognizes these features, new application code should use the
new constructs provided to replace the obsolete or deleted ones.
DIGITAL Fortran also supports the most widely used Fortran language
extensions supplied by vendors on other platforms.
The Fortran 90 and 95 languages add seven major improvements to FORTRAN
77:
• Array operations (Section 3.2.1)
• Enhanced numerical-computational capability (Section 3.2.2)
• Specification of the precision of intrinsic data types (Section 3.2.3)
• User-defined data types (Section 3.2.4)
• Modules to contain data and procedures used by several program units
(Section 3.2.5)
• Pointers (Section 3.2.6)
• Provision for language evolution (Section 3.2.7)
Other additions to the Fortran language include:
• Improved source form facilities
• More control constructs
• Recursion
• Additional input/output (I/O) facilities
• Internal subroutines
• Dynamically allocatable arrays
Some extended features that appeared in earlier versions of DIGITAL Fortran
and Microsoft Fortran PowerStation are now part of standard Fortran 90.
Visual Fortran also fully supports the many Fortran 95 features from the
Fortran 95 standard.

3.2.1 Array Operations
Computation often involves large arrays. An array can now be used as a single
entity in Fortran. Operations for processing whole arrays and sections of
arrays are included in the language, for two main reasons:
• These features provide a more concise language that helps programmers to
develop and maintain applications quickly and reliably.
• These features can help optimize array operations on many computer
architectures.
The FORTRAN 77 arithmetic, logical and character operations, and intrinsic
functions are extended to operate on array-valued operands. The array
extensions include:
• Whole, partial, and masked array assignment
• Array-valued constants and expressions
• Facilities to define user-supplied array-valued functions
• New array intrinsic procedures that perform such functions as:
Manipulate and construct arrays
Perform gather/scatter operations
Support extended computational capabilities, such as providing the
sum of the elements in an array
3.2.2 Numerical Computation

Numerical computation capabilities of Fortran have been expanded with:
• Control over numeric precision
• Inquiry functions that return the characteristics of numeric representation
• Functions that improve control of the performance of numerical programs
3.2.3 Specifying the Precision of Intrinsic Data Types

When you write numeric intensive applications, you want the numeric
precision of your routines to be portable. Fortran 90 greatly simplifies this
process by allowing you to specify the minimum exponential range and
minimum digits of precision in your numeric variables.
When your application runs on any Fortran 90 system, it must select the
numeric representation you have specified, if possible for the system. Fortran
90 also allows you to query a system about its numeric representations; for

example, the largest and smallest number possible for a certain data type, the
number of digits used to represent a data type, and many other inquiries.
With Fortran 90, you can specify a parameter with each intrinsic data type,
which is called a kind type parameter. In DIGITAL Fortran, the kind
parameter is the number of bytes used to store a variable of that type and
kind in memory (except for complex numbers).
Each intrinsic type has a default kind. The default kind for integer, logical,
and real data types is four: four bytes of memory are used to store the
variable. The default kind for character variables is one. A double-precision
real (floating-point) has a kind type parameter of eight.
For numerical data types, the kind type parameter indicates the range of
precision. For example, integers can be declared one byte, two bytes, or four
bytes long (or eight bytes on Alpha systems) based on the kind type parameter.
Real numbers can be either single precision (four bytes) or double precision
(eight bytes). Complex numbers consist of a pair of real numbers. Complex
numbers can be either single precision (a kind type of four requiring eight
bytes) or double precision (a kind type of eight requiring sixteen bytes).
A number of the Fortran 90 intrinsic functions allow you to specify the kind
parameter of your results.
3.2.4 Derived Data Types

Derived type data allows you to define aggregations of variables in a single
data structure, and also to define operations on the structures. Derived types
were an extension of earlier versions of DIGITAL Fortran and Microsoft
Fortran PowerStation, in the form of STRUCTURE and RECORD statements.
They are now part of standard Fortran 90, implemented with TYPE and
TYPE...END TYPE statements.
Data structures are user-defined collections that can contain intrinsic data
types and other data structures. Data structures can be used in intrinsic
assignment statements, I/O operations, and as procedure arguments.
The derived data type is a simple mechanism for structuring data. When
you define your own operations for data structures, derived types provide an
effective implementation mechanism for the data.

3.2.5 Modules
A module is a new type of program unit that allows you to define global data
in only one place (unlike a common block) and have multiple program units in
an application use the module’s definitions. Modules also let you implement
a related set of procedures to make the procedure definitions and interface
information known locally to a program unit. You can use common data objects
with the related module procedures.
Modules can contain any combination of data object declarations, derived-
type definitions, procedure definitions, and procedure interface information.
Modules can be considered to be a generalization of and replacement for the
block data program unit. Any program unit can access a module, which makes
the module contents available to that program unit. In this way, modules
provide improved facilities for defining global data areas, procedure packages,
and encapsulated data abstractions.
3.2.6 Pointers
Pointers let you define, access, and release memory dynamically. With pointers,
arrays can be sized dynamically, taking no more storage than they need. The
dynamic array storage can be released when an operation is finished. Pointers
let you link data structures to create lists, trees, and graphs.
An object of any intrinsic or derived type can be declared to have the pointer
attribute. After this kind of object becomes associated with a target, it can be
used almost anywhere that a nonpointer object can be used, if both have the
same type, type parameters, and shape.
3.2.7 Language Evolution

With the addition of new facilities, certain old features of the language become
redundant and might eventually be phased out as their usage declines. As
part of the evolution of the language, categories of language features are
provided that allow unused features of the language to be removed from future
standards.
For example, the numeric facilities provide the functionality of double
precision; with the new array facilities, nonconformable argument association
(such as associating an array element with a dummy array) is unnecessary,
and is not useful as an array operation.

3.3 Language Extensions
Many companies have implemented their own language extensions to augment
the ISO/ANSI-approved Fortran 90 standard. An overwhelming majority of
these extensions have now been implemented in Visual Fortran, so developers
can migrate code with little or no modification.
DIGITAL Visual Fortran provides language extensions for compatibility with:
• DIGITAL Fortran on DIGITAL UNIX®, OpenVMS™ Alpha, and OpenVMS
VAX systems
• Microsoft Fortran PowerStation Version 4
These extensions include:
• VAX structures
• Q edit descriptor in FORMAT statements
• Integer pointers (often known as CRAY® pointers)
• Conditional compilation
• Variable format expressions (VFEs)
Integer pointers (CRAY pointers) that allow for dynamic allocation of memory
have also been implemented. Visual Fortran also includes CRAY and UNIX
run-time routines to facilitate porting.
For more information on using language extensions, see ‘‘Compatibility
Information’’ and ‘‘Portability’’ in the Programmer’s Guide.
3.4 Microsoft Visual Development Environment

When you start Visual Fortran, you see a visual development environment
also used in Microsoft products, called the Microsoft visual development
environment. Because Visual Fortran and Visual C++ share a single
environment, you can build projects that use mixed languages and require
multiple applications, without using a different environment for each one. The
visual development environment includes:
• A text editor
• Resource editors
• Project-build facilities
• An incremental linker
• A source code browse window

• An integrated debugger
Because these tools run under Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT, you
can use a variety of Windows features to work faster and more efficiently. For
example:
• You can select a variable name in an editor window while debugging, drag
that name into the Watch window, and drop it there.
• The debugger then evaluates the variable and displays the result in the
Watch window.
You can also select a control from the toolbar in the dialog box editor and drop
it onto a dialog box you are creating. You can then size and position the control
as required for your application.
The visual development environment includes toolbars that allow you to
quickly invoke commands by clicking a button. You can customize the default
toolbar to suit your needs, or you can create your own toolbars. To see a brief
description of a toolbar button, you can position the mouse pointer over the
button for a second or two (without clicking).
The following sections provide more information about the visual development
environment:
• Visual Fortran Projects (Section 3.4.1)
• Customizing the Development Environment (Section 3.4.2)
• Text Editor (Section 3.4.3)
• Source Browser (Section 3.4.4)
• Resource Editors (Section 3.4.5)
• Integrated Debugger (Section 3.4.6)
Note
If you prefer to work from the command line, see Section 3.8.

3.4.1 Visual Fortran Projects
The visual development environment organizes development into projects. A
project consists of the source files required for your application, along with the
specifications for building the project.
Projects are contained in a workspace. A workspace can contain multiple
projects. For example, the SPLINE mixed-language Sample contains multiple
projects in one workspace, including a Fortran dynamic-link library called
either by the main Fortran QuickWin program or the main Visual C++
program.
You need to create a project for each binary executable or library file to be
created. For example, the main Fortran program and a Fortran dynamic-link
library could each reside as:
• Separate projects in the same workspace
• Separate projects in separate workspaces
3.4.1.1 Project Types
When defining a Visual Fortran project, select one of the following project types:
• Fortran console application
• Fortran standard graphics or QuickWin application
• Fortran Windows application
• Fortran static library (file extension LIB)
• Fortran dynamic linked library (file extension DLL)
Table 3–1 summarizes the characteristics of the Fortran Console, Fortran
Standard Graphics and QuickWin, and Fortran Windows project types.
Table 3–1 Visual Fortran Main Project Types

Typical Appearance and Programming
Project Type Complexity Online Samples
Fortran Console One character-cell terminal window. See ...\MyProjects\Celsius,
Application Programming: Simple, resembles as described in Section 4.2.
character-cell applications
(continued on next page)

Table 3–1 (Cont.) Visual Fortran Main Project Types
Typical Appearance and Programming
Project Type Complexity Online Samples
Fortran Standard One (Standard Graphics) or multiple See folders in

Graphics or windows (QuickWin) with graphics ...\Samples\Quickwin such
QuickWin such as menus, charts, and icons. as Qwpiano or Qwpaint.
Application Programming: Simple to moderate,
depending on the graphics and user
interaction used
Fortran Windows Multiple windows using full graphics See folders in
Application interface and Win32 API functions. ...\Samples\Advanced\Win32
Programming: Advanced, requires such as Platform or Polydraw.
programming expertise for Win32 API
On the Visual Fortran media CD-ROM, Samples are located in folders under
info\Df\Samples. If you did not install Samples, you can copy appropriate
Samples folders to your hard disk. After a Custom installation, the Samples
are installed in folders under ...\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98\Samples.
You can convert a Fortran Console or Standard Graphics application to a
QuickWin application by creating the QuickWin project as a new project,
setting the same Project settings, and adding files to the QuickWin project.
3.4.1.2 Project Configurations and Settings
Each project can specify multiple configurations to build from its source files.
A configuration specifies such things as the type of application to build and
the tool settings to use when building. Each project by default has a debug
and release configuration. By including multiple configurations in your project,
you can extend its scope but still maintain a consistent source code base from
which to work.
To specify the current configuration, from the Build menu select Set
Active Configuration. When you build your project, the currently selected
configuration is built.
Within a project, you can create groups or folders that contain related files.
FileView displays the folders and files contained in the project as a graph so
you can quickly see the relationships among files.
From the Project menu, select Settings to specify tool settings for the entire
project, for certain configurations, or for certain files. For instance, you can
specify certain kinds of compiler optimizations for your project in general, but
turn them off for certain configurations or certain files.

Once you have specified the files in your project, the configurations that you
want your project to build, and the tool settings for those configurations, you
can build the project with the commands on the Build menu.
The remainder of this section describes how to open and run a sample Visual
Fortran project and provides some guidelines on creating a new project.
For more information about projects:
• To open an existing project or create a new one, see Section 4.2.
• Run the Visual Fortran Product Overview, as described in Section 3.1.
• See ‘‘Building Programs and Libraries’’ in the Programmer’s Guide.
3.4.2 Customizing the Development Environment

There are a number of ways you can customize Microsoft visual development
environment to suit your preferences:
• You can add and delete buttons from existing toolbars and menus.
• You can change any of the default shortcut keys, add shortcut keys, set
multiple shortcut keys for a command, and specify the windows in which
any shortcut is active.
• You can add your own tools to the Tools menu.
• You can record keystrokes in a text editor window and then play them back
to recreate that sequence of commands.
• In text editor windows, you can display language elements, such as
comments or keywords, in the color of your choice. You can also display the
text in one window in a specific font.
• When you establish a layout for the windows associated with a particular
project workspace, the visual development environment retains that layout
of open files and window positions for the next time you start the project
workspace.
• When you are debugging an application, you can choose which windows
and toolbars to display. The visual development environment retains that
selection for all subsequent debugging sessions.
For more information, see the section ‘‘The Visual C++ Environment’’ in the
Visual C++ User’s Guide.

3.4.3 Text Editor
The text editor in visual development environment is a language-sensitive
editor that recognizes source code syntax. For example, when you edit a file
with an .F90, .F, .FOR, or .FPP extension, the editor presents statements and
keywords in a second color.
To view the current keyboard bindings, click the Help menu item Keyboard
Map.
To customize the keyboard bindings for the text editor:
1. In the Tools menu, choose Customize.
2. Click the Keyboard tab.
3. Select the type of editor (such as main or text) from the Editor drop-down
list.
4. Select the category of keyboard bindings by using the Category drop-
down list. For example, select the appropriate type of operation, such as
FileOpen.
5. For each operation selected, the key bindings is shown in the Current keys
box.
You can deassign a key combination and assign a new key combination.
You can also view the binding of a key combination by typing that key
combination.
To customize the keyboard commands to match a more familiar text editor,
such as Brief or Epsilon:
1. In the Tools menu, choose Options.
2. Click the Compatibility tab.
3. Select the editor emulation from the drop-down list.
4. Select other options by using the check boxes.
You can open any file in binary form and work with either the ASCII or the
hexadecimal representation. You can even look at programs, object files, and
libraries this way.
All Visual Fortran keywords (such as Fortran statements and intrinsic
functions) are highlighted in a color different from the surrounding text. If
you are using fixed-form source, the columns of your source code have different
colors, including the label zone, the continuation column, and anything beyond
the fixed-form line length (by default, column 72).

For an example of using the text editor, see Section 4.3.
3.4.4 Source Browser

As you are developing and debugging your application, you need to see the
symbols you are using in a variety of contexts. Using the Browser makes it
easy to maintain, revise, and debug your code.
When you build your application, Visual Fortran can create a browse
information file with information about the symbols in your program. The
browse window displays this information and allows you to move among
instances of the symbols in your source code. To create a browse information
file in the visual development environment:
1. In the Project menu, click Settings.
2. Click the Fortran tab.
3. Set the Generate Source Browser Information check box in the General
category.
4. Click the Browse Info tab.
5. Set the Build browse info file option.
Since Fortran is a not a case-sensitive language, you should make sure that the
Browser is treating symbol names as case-insensitive. After you modify and
build your project to generate browse information, in the visual development
environment:
1. In the Tools menu, click Source Browser.
2. Near the bottom of the Browse window, locate the Case sensitive check box.
If the check box is checked on, click it to remove the check mark.
3. When you are done using the Browse window, click OK.
In the Browse window, you can view graphs of calling relationships among
functions. You can easily view all the symbols contained in a given file,
display the definition of any symbol in the file along with all its references
in your project, and then open the file containing a particular reference by
double-clicking the entry in the window.
3.4.5 Resource Editors

The visual development environment provides the tools you need to develop
user-interface components for your projects. For example, to build a dialog box,
you drop the interface controls onto a blank dialog box in the construction area,
save it, and write the code to initialize and use it from your program.

3.4.6 Integrated Debugger
After you have corrected all the build errors encountered during compiling
and linking, you can use the integrated debugger to correct logic errors. The
debugger allows you to monitor your program as it runs and to stop it at
locations or situations of your choosing, for example:
• When you have isolated a problem to a specific part of a program, you can
have your application execute until the application reaches a particular
line by setting a breakpoint on a line of code. You can set breakpoints by
using the Edit menu Breakpoints... dialog box or by right clicking in the
left margin of the text editor window.
• When debugging the cause of a message or exception, you can suspend
program execution when the program receives a specified message, or when
a specific exception occurs.
• If you are interested in the values assigned to a particular variable, you
can have the debugger break whenever your application changes the
variable’s value.
You can request that Visual Fortran start its integrated debugger for any
program that fails while running, regardless of whether the program has
debug information or whether Visual Fortran was running beforehand. The
debugger starts up while the program is still running, allowing you to analyze
the program as it runs. With Just-In-Time debugging, it is possible to find and
fix the problem in the program and let it continue running.
For an example of using the debugger, see Section 4.3.
For more information, see ‘‘Debugging Fortran Programs’’ in the Programmers
Guide.
3.5 Support for COM and Automation Objects: The Module

Wizard
Visual Fortran provides a wizard to simplify the use of rich, and ever growing,
functionality available with Component Object Model (COM) and Automation
(OLE Automation) objects. The Visual Fortran Module Wizard generates
Fortran 90 modules that simplify calling COM and Automation services from
Fortran programs.
The Fortran Module Wizard automatically generates Fortran source code that
simplifies invoking:
• Routines in a Dynamic Link Library (DLL)
• Methods of an Automation object

• Member functions of a Component Object Model (COM) object
The generated code includes derived-type data declarations for data structures,
procedure interface block definitions, and procedure definitions (external jacket
routines) that simplify calling conventions.
For more information, see ‘‘Using COM and Automation Objects’’ in the
Programmer’s Guide.
3.6 IMSL Libraries (Professional Edition only)

The Professional Edition of Visual Fortran includes the IMSL Numerical
Libraries. The IMSL Numerical Libraries are for applications in general
applied mathematics and for analyzing and presenting statistical data in
scientific and business applications. These libraries are listed in Table 3–2.
Table 3–2 IMSL Libraries

File Name Library Description
SMATHS Single-precision MATH library, FORTRAN 77 Numerical Libraries
SMATHD Double-precision MATH library, FORTRAN 77 Numerical Libraries
SSTATS Single-precision STAT library, FORTRAN 77 Numerical Libraries
SSTATD Double-precision STAT library, FORTRAN 77 Numerical Libraries
SF90MP Fortran 90 MP library, uses new Fortran 90-based algorithms, optimized
for multiprocessor and other high-performance systems
The IMSL libraries also include certain Fortran source and module files, an
online help file, an online readme file, numerous samples, and other files.
To specify exactly which IMSL components get installed, perform a Custom
installation (see Section 1.5).
For more information about IMSL, see:
• The IMSL online help and readme file provided in the Visual Fortran
program folder.
• The online IMSL Acrobat® PDF files (equivalent to the IMSL online help)
provided as a jump from the Visual Fortran Home Page in HTMLHelp
Viewer.
• The section "Using the IMSL Mathematical and Statistical Libraries" in
the Programmers Guide in HTMLHelp Viewer.
• The following Internet URL: http://www.vni.com (Product information).

3.7 Array Visualizer
The Array Visualizer provides a set of components for visualizing array data
interactively. You can view and analyze array data graphically. The Array
Visualizer uses OpenGL® to allow you to move, rotate, and zoom data graphs.
The Visual Fortran Professional Edition includes the full development
environment of Array Visualizer and redistributable components. The Visual
Fortran Standard Edition includes only the Array Viewer executable. You can
install DIGITAL Array Visualizer after you install Visual Fortran or at a later
time (see Section 1.5.1.4).
There are several different ways in which you can use the Array Visualizer:
• The DIGITAL Array Viewer can read and display .AGL and .HDF files.
Array Viewer displays the array data in two adjustable panes:
A Data Window in the top pane shows the numeric values of the array
data in a scrollable spreadsheet-style view.
A Graph Window in the bottom pane displays a three-dimension
surface representation of the array data where the array elements have
been mapped as a displacement in height.
You can start Array Viewer from the DIGITAL Array Viewer Program
folder or double-click the file AVIEWER.EXE in Windows Explorer
(installed by default in the directory Program Files\ArrayVisualizer\bin).
• A small set of subroutines allows Visual Fortran or Visual C++ applications
to display array data with Array Viewer. The Fortran routines can also
save array data to a file for later viewing with the Array Viewer. C or C++
programs can use a set of C language routines that enable similar viewing
capabilities for C arrays. These routines are contained in the library
Aviewxxx.lib (Aview100.lib for Version 1.0).
• The AVis2D ActiveX (OCX) control can be used by any development
environment that supports ActiveX controls (for example Visual C++ with
MFC or Visual Basic). The AVis2D control:
Enables the application to display array data in a variety of graphing
modes within in its Graph Window.
Provides more than 100 properties and methods that the application
can use to customize its behavior.
Is installed by default in Program Files\ArrayVisualizer\bin (same
directory as AVIEWER.EXE).

• The Professional Edition supports the ability to select a Fortran array in
the visual development environment debugger and use the Array Viewer to
inspect it. The view can be updated to show changes in the array data as
the program executes.
For more information, see:
• The HTMLHelp Viewer documentation for Array Visualizer, located under
Visual Fortran in HTMLHelp Viewer contents.
• The online WinHelp documentation for Array Viewer (use the Help menu
in Array Viewer, or click on the file Aviewer.hlp in Windows Explorer
(installed in the same directory as AVIEWER.EXE).
• Samples of calling the Array Visualizer Fortran API subroutines, located in
folders under Program Files\ArrayVisualizer\Samples or in folders under
...\samples\aview.
• The Debugger section of the Visual Fortran Programmers Guide explains
how to use Array Viewer in the Debugger.
• Section 2.4 for information on redistributable files.
3.8 Using the Command-Line Interface

In addition to the visual development environment, Visual Fortran supports
the use of the command-line interface in a command-line window. The Visual
Fortran program folder includes a Fortran Command Prompt icon you can
select to create a command-line window with the DFVARS.BAT file already
executed.
To set the appropriate environment variables for your command-line
window environment, Visual Fortran provides the file DFVARS.BAT in
the ...\Df98\BIN directory.
For more information on the command-line interface, see the following sections
in the Programmer’s Guide:
• To compile and link with the DF command, see ‘‘Using the Compiler and
Linker from the Command Line.’’
• For a list of compiler and linker options, see ‘‘Compiler and Linker
Options.’’
• To use the FL32 command or FL32-style compiler options, see ‘‘Microsoft
Fortran PowerStation Command-Line Compatibility.’’
• To use command-line tools like NMAKE, see ‘‘Using Visual Fortran Tools.’’

3.9 Books Online
To view the Visual Fortran online documentation in HTMLHelp Viewer, do one
of the following:
• Click the Online Documentation item in the Visual Fortran program folder.
• After you start the visual development environment, click Contents on the
Help menu to display HTMLHelp Viewer.
The HTMLHelp Viewer displays the table of contents for the online reference
materials that are available for Visual Fortran.
If you install the Microsoft MSDN online documentation (such as for a
Microsoft Visual Studio product or subscription), when you need use the
search, index, or contents functions, the current collection is used. To switch
the current online documentation collection in use, see Section 5.1.
Collectively titled ‘‘Books Online,’’ this online help system is a complete set
of documentation that provides help for every stage of the code development
process. Visual Fortran and related documents are in the DIGITAL Visual
Fortran folder.
For More information:
• On using HTMLHelp Viewer, see Chapter 5.
• On what books are included, see Chapter 6.
3.10 Full Mixed-Language Programming Support with

Microsoft Visual C++
Mixed-language programming occurs when an application has source code
written in two or more languages. DIGITAL provides Visual Fortran (for x86
and Alpha systems) and Assembler (for Alpha systems). Microsoft provides
Visual C++, Visual J++®, Visual Basic, Microsoft MASM (Assembler for x86
systems), and other Visual Studio tools. Mixed-language programming is
possible among all these languages.
Mixed-language development is especially easy when you use the same versions
of Visual C++ and Visual Fortran. Visual Fortran includes the Microsoft visual
development environment, the same IDE available in the same version of
Visual C++. Having a common development environment lets you edit, debug,
link, and compile Fortran and C/C++ modules transparently.

of Microsoft’s visual development environment, you can copy object files into
your project workspace and use the visual development environment to link
them into your application.
Another way to build a mixed-language application is to link the Fortran
object module directly into a C/C++ program. For more information on mixed-
language programming, see ‘‘Programming with Mixed Languages’’ in the
Programmer’s Guide.
3.11 Interoperability with Microsoft Visual Basic

Visual Fortran is part of the Microsoft family of Visual Tools. It can be used in
conjunction with other Microsoft development tools and applications like Visual
Basic.
You can use Visual Basic to create a graphical user interface for an application
and use Visual Fortran to create Fortran DLLs from existing Fortran source
code to build the numerical calculation engine ‘‘back end’’ of a 32-bit Windows
application.
For more information on creating DLLs that work with other applications, see
‘‘Advanced Applications’’ in the Programmer’s Guide.
of Microsoft’s visual development environment, you can copy object files
into your project workspace, add them to your project, and use the visual
development environment to link them into your application.

4
Using the Visual Development
Environment
After you install Visual Fortran on your system, start the visual development
environment by performing the following steps:
1. From the Start menu, select Programs.
2. Select Visual Fortran to display the items installed by Setup.
3. Select Developer Studio.
This chapter provides an introduction to the Microsoft visual development
environment. It provides the following sections:
• Visual Development Environment Windows (Section 4.1)
• Building an Existing Visual Fortran Project (Celsius) (Section 4.2)
• Editing and Debugging CELSIUS.FOR (Section 4.3)
• Creating a New Project (Section 4.4)
4.1 Visual Development Environment Windows

Figure 4–1 shows a sample of the visual development environment.
Using the Visual Development Environment 4–1

Figure 4–1 Visual Development Environment Windows
The left pane contains a FileView tab and may contain a ClassView or
ResourceView tab:
• FileView—shows each project and their files associated with the Workspace.
• ClassView—appears only if Visual C++ is installed. ClassView is not used
by Visual Fortran (used by Visual C++ for mixed-language programming).
• ResourceView—appears if the Workspace uses Resources (such as dialogs
and icons).
After you open a Workspace, the FileView tab shows the files associated with
that Workspace. In the FileView pane of Figure 4–1, there are two files:
calendar.f90 and calnmod.f90.
In Figure 4–1, calnmod.f90 defines a Fortran 90 module file (a post-compiled
binary file with an extension of .mod) that is used by calendar.f90. Because
calendar.f90 is dependent on the calnmod.mod file being present, it is listed as
under External Dependencies.
In the right pane of Figure 4–1, the file calendar.f90 is shown in the default
language-sensitive visual development environment editor, which uses different
colors to identify source comments (green), Fortran standard language
elements (blue), and other language text (black). To edit a file listed on the
4–2 Using the Visual Development Environment

FileView pane, double-click its file name or use the Open item in the File
menu.
The bottom of Figure 4–1 shows the output pane, which shows text displayed
from building the project. The output pane has multiple tabs. The output
pane Build tab is selected after you open a Workspace and compile one or more
project files or build the project. To display the output pane, select Output
from the View menu.
If you want to get familiar with visual development environment, run the
Product Overview (see Section 3.1) or open the sample project Celsius (see
Section 4.2).
To display online documentation, do one of the following:
• Click the Online Documentation item in the Visual Fortran program folder.
• After you start the visual development environment, click on the Help
menu item Contents.
HTMLHelp viewer (described in Chapter 5) appears in a separate window.
A floating window can be moved and has a title bar. To move a floating
window, drag its title bar.
A docking window is docked (attached) along an edge of the visual development
environment window and does not have a title bar.
To allow a docking window to float (not be docked) or to allow a floating window
to dock along an edge, do one of the following:
1. Click the appropriate window.
2. Select the Window menu option Docking View.
To specify which visual development environment windows will be docked
windows and which will be floating windows:
1. In the Tools menu, select Options.
2. Click the Workspace tab.
3. In the Docking View list, click the check box for each window to be
displayed with a docking view. Unchecked boxes indicate floating windows.
To cycle through your floating windows in the visual development environment,
hold down the Ctrl key and press Tab.

You may need help while you are working in a Microsoft visual development
environment dialog box. To display information about an option or control in a
dialog box, either:
• Click the ? (Help) button and click the item you want help on
• Select the item you want help on and press F1.
4.2 Building an Existing Visual Fortran Project (Celsius)

The visual development environment organizes development into projects. A
project consists of the source files required for your application, along with the
specifications for building the project.
Projects are contained in a workspace. A workspace can contain multiple
projects.
To open and execute the sample project workspace file, Celsius.dsw:
1. From the File menu, choose Open Workspace.
The Open Workspace dialog box appears, displaying the default projects
directory (for a new installation, the folders within the My Projects folder).
The Celsius project workspace is located in the ...\Common\MSDEV98\My
Projects folder).
2. In the list of files and directories within the My Projects folder, double-click
the Celsius folder.
The files and directories list now displays the Celsius workspace file.
3. Select the Celsius workspace file, Celsius.dsw.
4. Click the Open button.
The visual development environment displays the contents of the Celsius
project in the FileView pane. You can click the plus sign (+) next to the
Celsius folder to see the contents of the project. In this case, there is only
one file, CELSIUS.FOR.
5. If needed, update dependencies by clicking Update All Dependencies in the
Build menu. Select the appropriate configuration for which dependencies
need to be updated and click OK. (For projects like CELSIUS.FOR that
have no dependencies, this step is not needed.)
For example, if your application uses Fortran modules, the source files that
reference modules with a USE statement have dependencies on the module
(.MOD) files they reference. To update these dependencies means that the
source files containing the module definitions (MODULE statement) need
to be compiled before the source files that reference them, by either clicking

Update All Dependencies or build the application twice). The FileView
pane shows the files associated with a project, including any dependencies.
6. From the Build menu, choose Build Celsius.exe.

The status of the build is displayed in the Build pane at the bottom of the
screen.
7. From the Build menu, choose Execute Celsius.exe to run the program. A
console output window appears, displaying the output from the program.
8. If you want to use the Debugger for this project, see Section 4.3.
9. When you are done with this project, select Close Workspace from the File
menu.
Visual Fortran includes a number of Samples, most of which include a project
workspace file (see Section 6.3).
4.3 Editing and Debugging CELSIUS.FOR

The visual development environment text editor and the debugger allow you to
edit and debug your projects. The following text assumes you have opened the
Celsius Workspace (in the folder ...\Common\MSDEV98\My Projects and have
built the Celsius project (see Section 4.2).
From the Build menu select Set Active Configuration. Select the Debug
configuration.
To edit and modify the Celsius source file CELSIUS.FOR:
1. The contents of the Celsius project are displayed in the FileView pane.
Click the plus sign (+) next to the Celsius folder to see the contents of the
project. In this case, there is only one file, CELSIUS.FOR.
2. Double click on the CELSIUS.FOR file name in the FileView pane.
The text editor window appears, displaying the source contents of
CELSIUS.FOR.
3. If you want to modify the source code, click on line to be modified and type
the corrections. For example, change the DO loop to have a stride different
than 10.
To Save the modified file, click Save in the File menu.
4. Build the revised program by clicking the Build Celsius.exe menu item in
the Build menu.

To debug the Celsius source file CELSIUS.FOR:
1. Click the first executable line to set the cursor position. In this case, click
on the beginning of the first PRINT statement line.
2. Click on the Set/Remove Breakpoint (open hand symbol) button in the
Build toolbar, as shown in Figure 4–2.
Figure 4–2 Setting the Initial Breakpoint
The red bullet in the left margin of the text editor/debugger window shows
where a breakpoint is set.
Since the file Celsius.for is a fixed-form source file, the text editor shows
where column 6 is.

3. In the Build menu, click the Start Debug, Go item, as shown in
Figure 4–3.
Figure 4–3 Starting the Debugger
4. The debugger is now active. The current position is marked by a yellow

arrow at the first executable line (the initial breakpoint).
The Debug menu appears on the Developer Studio title bar in place of the
Build menu.
If not displayed previously, the Debug toolbar appears.
Step through the lines of source code. You can do this with the Debug
menu item Step Over (as shown in Figure 4–4) or the Step Over button on
the Debug toolbar.

Figure 4–4 Using Step Over in the Debugger
5. Repeat the Step Over action (use the Debug toolbar). Follow program
execution into the DO loop, and so on until you are at the end of the
program.
Position the cursor over the variable Celsius to view the current value
(called Data Tip), as shown in Figure 4–5.

Figure 4–5 Viewing a Variable’s Value
6. If you need to build the program again, click on the Stop debugging item in
the Debug menu.
7. When you complete working with the project, click the Close Workspace
item in the File menu.
Here are try some additional features of the debugger you can try when it is
active:
To Do This: Click:
Display the Local In the View menu, click the Debug Windows, Variables item.
Variables window Click the Locals tab.
Display the Watch In the View menu, click the Debug Windows, Watch window
window item.
Display a value in the Select a variable name in the text editor window, drag it, and
Watch window drop it into the Watch window.

To Do This: Click:
Set or remove a Click on the line where the breakpoint is to be removed or

breakpoint set, then either:
• Click on the Set/Remove Breakpoint (open hand symbol)
button in the Build toolbar
• In the Edit menu, click Breakpoints. A dialog box allows
you to set or clear breakpoints, evaluate expressions, and
perform other functions.
In the Debug menu, click the Stop Debugging item to stop the debugger.
For more information, see the Debugger chapter in the Visual Fortran
Programmers Guide.
4.4 Creating a New Project

To create a new Visual Fortran project:
1. From the File menu, select New.
2. A dialog box appears that resembles that shown in Figure 4–6.
This dialog box contains the following tabs:
Files
Projects
Workspaces
Other Documents

Figure 4–6 New Project Type Dialog Box
3. The Projects tab displays various project types (see Figure 4–6). You need
to:
• Type the project name (required).
• Specify the location or accept the default location.
• Click the type of Fortran project to be created. If you have any other
Visual tools installed, make sure you select a Fortran project type (see
Section 3.4.1.1).
• In this case, click the Create New Workspace button to create a
new Workspace. If you were adding multiple projects to the same
workspace, however, this button should be disabled after you create the
first project.
4. Click OK when you have entered the information.
5. Depending on the project type selected, one or more dialog boxes appear,
requesting additional information about the project. For example, one
dialog box gives you the option of creating only the project files with no
source files (empty project) or a project with a source file that contains a
template for that project type.
If a saved Fortran environment exists for the Fortran project type being
created, you can also import that Fortran environment to provide default
project settings for the new project.

6. Click on the FileView tab (lower part of left pane).
7. If a you requested that a source file be created, click on the Source files
folder. You can double click on the source file name to start editing that
file.
You can add files to the project by selecting Add To Project from the Project
menu:
• To add an existing file to the project:
1. Select Files... from the submenu.
2. The Insert Files into Project dialog box appears. Use this dialog box to
select the Fortran files to be added to the Project. To add more than
one file to the project, hold down the Ctrl key as you select each file
name.
• To add a new file to the project:
1. Select Add to Project New...
2. The New dialog box appears. Specify the file name and its location.
3. Click the type of file (Fortran Fixed Format Source or Fortran Free
Format Source).
4. Click OK. The editor appears allowing you to type in source code. The
file name appears in the FileView pane. For example, you might type
the following short Fortran program and save it as HELLO.F90:
! File HELLO.F90
PROGRAM HELLO_TEST
print *, ’hello world’
print *, ’ ’
END PROGRAM HELLO_TEST
• Build and run the program as described previously for an existing project
(see Section 4.2).
For more information about projects:
• Run the Visual Fortran Product Overview, as described in Section 3.1.
• See ‘‘Building Programs and Libraries’’ in the Programmer’s Guide.
• See ‘‘Working With Projects’’ in the Visual C++ User’s Guide.

5
Viewing Online HTMLHelp Viewer
Documentation
An online documentation help system called HTMLHelp Viewer is integrated

with the visual development environment.
The HTMLHelp Viewer appears in a separate window, as shown in
Figure 5–1.
Figure 5–1 HTMLHelp Viewer
Figure 5–1 shows the HTMLHelp toolbar and two window areas:
• The left window area shows the contents of the titles. It has tabs for the
Contents pane, the Index pane, and the full-text Search pane.
Viewing Online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation 5–1

• The right window area displays text for a selected page or section in a
document window.
This chapter includes the following topics:
• Starting the HTMLHelp Viewer (Section 5.1)
• Table of Contents (Section 5.2)
• HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar (Section 5.3)
• Navigating by Jumping to Related Topics (Section 5.4)
• F1 Context-Sensitive Help (Section 5.5)
• Locating Topics by Index Keyword (Section 5.6)
• Locating Topics by Searching (Section 5.7)
• Using the Favorites Tab for Bookmarks (Section 5.8)
• Other HTMLHelp Viewer Features (Section 5.9)
5.1 Starting the HTMLHelp Viewer

There are several ways to display the HTMLHelp Viewer window:
1. Click the Online Documentation item in the Visual Fortran program folder.
The HTMLHelp Viewer appears with the contents displayed.
2. Within the visual development environment, in the Help Menu, click either
Contents, Index, or Search.
For example, if you start the HTMLHelp Viewer by clicking Contents in
the visual development environment Help menu, the HTMLHelp Viewer
appears with the contents displayed.
3. In a text window (such as a text editor window), select (click) a word of a
Fortran statement, routine, intrinsic, or keyword and press F1.
The HTMLHelp Viewer window appears, with the text associated with that
topic (or a selectable list) in the HTMLHelp Viewer window.
Under Visual Fortran are titles for DIGITAL Visual Fortran, DIGITAL Array
Visualizer, and (Professional Edition) IMSL Routines Reference. If the expected
HTMLHelp Viewer window (shown in Figure 5–1) does not appear, possible
causes and solutions include:
• Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 4 is not installed properly.
5–2 Viewing Online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation

HTMLHelp Viewer requires a certain minimum release of Internet
Explorer Version 4. You can install the correct release of Internet Explorer
Version 4 from the Visual Fortran CD–ROM (see Section 1.5.1).
On Windows NT systems, Internet Explorer Version 4 must have been
installed from an Administrator account.
• If you also have the Microsoft MSDN online documentation installed
(such as for a Microsoft Visual Studio product or subscription), when you
need use the search, index, or contents functions, the current collection
is used. For example, if the MSDN Library is the current collection, the
MSDN online documentation might appear instead of the Visual Fortran
online documentation when you click Contents from the Help menu. The
current collection is also used when you search for topics within the visual
development environment, such as when you highlight a word and press
F1.
To switch the current online documentation collection in use:
1. Within the visual development environment, in the Tools menu, select
Options.
2. If necessary (depends on display settings), scroll to the Help System
tab.
3. Click the Help System tab.
4. In the Preferred Collection box, select DIGITAL Visual Fortran to use
the Visual Fortran collection or select MSDN Library to use the MSDN
collection.
5. Click OK. The collection you just selected is now your current
collection.
• If you do not have Microsoft MSDN installed and the expected contents do
not appear, start HTMLHelp Viewer by clicking the Online Documentation
item in the Visual Fortran program folder (instead of starting HTMLHelp
Viewer from the visual development environment Help Menu).
By starting HTMLHelp Viewer from the Visual Fortran program folder,
however, any searches within the visual development environment will still
use the current HTMLHelp Viewer collection (if MSDN is installed).
If jumps between topics in HTMLHelp Viewer do not work as expected, click
the HTMLHelp View menu, Internet Options item. Check the settings in the
Security tab (see Section 5.9).

5.2 Table of Contents
For an overview of the titles available in the Visual Fortran Books Online, click
the Contents tab in the HTMLHelp Viewer window. To display the HTMLHelp
Viewer window, either click Online Documentation from the Visual Fortran
program folder, or from the visual development environment window, click the
Help menu item Contents.
This book-like table of contents shows you the titles of the books, sections, and
topics that make up Books Online and allows you to browse among the various
categories of information available.
Visual Fortran titles appear with certain other visual development
environment titles. To work in the Contents window, you should know
how to perform these tasks:
To do this Click this

View the table of From the Help menu, choose Contents
contents
Open a title Click the ’+’ symbol in front of the name or double-click the
name itself.
The ’+’ symbol changes to a ’-’ symbol when a title is open.
Close a title Click the ’-’ symbol in front of the name or double-click the
name itself.
The ’-’ symbol changes to a ’+’ symbol when a title is closed.
View a topic Double-click the topic’s page icon or the topic name in the
table of contents.
The topic you selected is displayed in a topic window.
5.3 HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar

HTMLHelp Viewer provides a built-in toolbar.

Figure 5–2 shows the HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar.
Figure 5–2 HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar
The buttons and boxes in the HTMLHelp Viewer Toolbar are as follows:
Clicking this Button Does this

Hide or Show Hide removes the left pane, which contains the
Contents, Index, and Search tabs. After you click
the Hide button, click the Show button to redisplay the
contents pane.
Locate Shows you the location of the current topic in the table
of contents.
Back and Forward Back returns you to the last topic you viewed; Forward
moves you forward (if you previously pressed the Back
button).
Stop Stops retrieval of information for the current topic.
Next and Previous Moves you to the topic that either precedes (up arrow)
or follows (down arrow) the current topic in the table
of contents. Topics are ordered as they appear in the
table of contents.
Refresh Redisplays the contents of the screen.
Home Returns you to the home screen of the HTMLHelp
Viewer help system.
Font Allows you to adjust the size of the text font in the
HTMLHelp Viewer help system.
Print Displays the print dialog box, allowing you to print
the currently selected page or the text in the current
heading.
Options Displays certain Options, some of which are
HTMLHelp Viewer buttons.
5.4 Navigating by Jumping to Related Topics

From any topic window, there are several ways to jump to related information,
such as by clicking one of the HTMLHelp Viewer buttons (shown in Figure 5–2)
or, in a text window, by clicking on a jump or a word:

Click this: To do this:
Locate button Shows you the location of the current topic in the table
of contents
Next button Moves you to the topic that follows the current topic
in the table of contents. Topics are ordered as they
appear in the table of contents.
Previous button Moves you to the topic that either follows the current
topic in the table of contents. Topics are ordered as
they appear in the table of contents.
Back button Returns you to the last topic you viewed
Forward button Moves you forward (if you previously pressed the Back
button)
Home button Returns you to the Visual Fortran home page
A jump (underlined words in Moves you to another related topic or displays a pop-up
a color, such as blue) window with additional information. For certain types
of jumps, a selectable list appears to allow a choice
amongst multiple topics.
A word and press the F1 key Displays information about a word by jumping you to
another topic. HTMLHelp Viewer searches the index
for the selected word and displays the topic if it is
defined in the online HTMLHelp file.
Most of functions performed by the HTMLHelp Viewer toolbar buttons are also
available as menu items in the Go menu.
5.5 F1 Context-Sensitive Help

Context-sensitive help on specific keywords and functions is available whenever
you are working in a text window. You can also get detailed descriptions of
options whenever you are working in a visual development environment dialog
box.
To get help on a word in a text window:
• In a text window, position the cursor on the word that you want help on
and press F1.
HTMLHelp Viewer displays the topic. If there are multiple topics indexed
in Books Online under the word you specified, the Select Reference dialog
box displays all topic titles that contain information on the keyword you
specified.
When in a dialog box, to get help on a part of a dialog box, either:
• Click the ? (Help) button and click the item you want help on

• Select the item you want help on and press F1.
5.6 Locating Topics by Index Keyword

HTMLHelp Viewer provides a book-like index to all topics in Books Online.
Every topic is indexed under one or more keywords to make them easy for you
to find.
To find a topic with the index:
1. To display the HTMLHelp Viewer window from the visual development
environment, click the Help (or Index) menu item Keyword.
2. Click the Index tab in the HTMLHelp Viewer window.
3. Type the word you want information on. Notice that the list displays the
portion of the index that matches the word you have typed. You can also
select a word from the index directly.
The list box at the bottom of the Search dialog box displays all the topics
indexed under the keyword you specified.
4. Either select the topic you want to view and click the Display button or
double-click the topic you want to view.
5.7 Locating Topics by Searching

If you cannot find the information you are looking for in the index, you can
perform a full-text search of the entire contents of Books Online. HTMLHelp
Viewer displays every occurrence of a given word or phrase, anywhere within
the help system.
To search the full text of the online books:
1. To display the HTMLHelp Viewer window, either click Online
Documentation in the Visual Fortran program folder, or from the visual
development environment, click the Help menu item Search.
2. Click the Search tab in the HTMLHelp Viewer window.
3. In the Contents pane, click the Search tab.
4. Type the word or expression you want information on.
5. Click the List Topics button.
The list box at the bottom of the Search dialog box displays all the topics
indexed under the keyword you specified.

6. Either select the topic you want to view and click the Display button or
double-click the topic you want to view.
5.7.1 Basic Search Syntax

A basic search query consists of the word or phrase you want to find. To create
more complex search queries, you can use Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT)
and a proximity operator (NEAR).
Keep in mind the following rules when you are creating a query:
• Search queries are case-insensitive, so you can type your query in
uppercase or lowercase letters.
• You can search for any combination of letters (a-z) and numbers (0-9),
except for the words in the exception list (a, an, and, as, at, be, but, by, do,
for, from, have, he, in, it, not, of, on, or, she, that, the, there, they, this, to,
we, which, with, you), which are ignored during a search.
• Punctuation marks such as the period (.), colon (:), semicolon (;), comma (,),
and hyphen (-) are ignored during a search.
• Use single or double quotation marks to enclose phrases; you cannot search
for these characters.
• You can use parentheses to nest expressions within your query.
5.7.2 Words, Phrases, and Wildcards

You can use wildcards with the basic query syntax to create powerful and
flexible search queries. For example:
To search for Example Results

A single word overload Topics that contain the word ‘‘overload’’ (you
will also find its grammatical variations, such
as ‘‘overloads’’ and ‘‘overloaded’’).
A phrase "new operator" Topics that contain the literal phrase ‘‘new
in single or ’new operator’ operator’’ and all its grammatical variations.
double quotes Without the quotation marks, the query is
equivalent to specifying:
new AND operator
Using two words without quotation marks (or
the AND operator) finds topics containing the
individual words, not the phrase.

To search for Example Results
A wildcard esc* Topics that contain the terms ‘‘esc’’, ‘‘escape’’,

expression ‘‘escalation’’, and so on. The asterisk cannot
be the only character in the term.
80?86 Topics that contain the terms ‘‘80186’’,
‘‘80286’’, ‘‘80386’’, ‘‘80x86’’, and so on. The
question mark cannot be the only character
in the term.
*86 Topics that contain the terms ‘‘386’’, ‘‘486’’,
‘‘x86’’, ‘‘8086’’, and so on.
5.8 Using the Favorites Tab for Bookmarks

In the Contents pane, click on the Favorites tab to display your bookmarks.
To add a bookmark (favorite item) to your Favorites list:
1. Display the appropriate topic
2. Click the Add button
To remove a bookmark:
1. Click on the bookmark to be removed
2. Click the Remove button
To display the topic associated with a bookmark:
1. Click on the bookmark to be viewed
2. Click the Display button
5.9 Other HTMLHelp Viewer Features

The HTMLHelp Viewer environment provides other features, including locating
text within a page and access to Microsoft Internet Explorer preferences.
To locate a text string within the current topic page:
1. In the Edit menu, click Find in this Topic...
2. Type the text to be located
3. Review and, if needed, set the displayed radio button options
4. Click the Find Next button. The text string, if located, is highlighted.

5. If appropriate, click the Find Next button again to locate the next place
where that text string is located on the current page.
To access Microsoft Internet Explorer preferences:
1. In the View menu, click Internet Options
2. Click the appropriate tab
3. Change the options needed
4. Click OK
To open a page on the your company’s intranet or the Internet:
1. In the Go menu, click URL
2. Type the desired URL, such as http://www.compaq.com/
3. Click OK
4. If you cannot access the specified page, type the URL correctly or check
your Internet Explorer preferences (View menu, click Internet Options)

6
Documentation Road Map
This chapter:
• Explains how the Visual Fortran printed hardcopy documentation and
Books Online are organized. Books Online documentation is available
when you are using the HTMLHelp Viewer. It explains the various
information resources, including:
Getting Started (Section 6.1)
Language Reference Manual (Section 6.2)
Samples (Section 6.3)
• Describes the online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation (see Section 6.4).
This online documentation appears under the ‘‘DIGITAL Visual Fortran’’
folder in HTMLHelp Viewer.
• Lists certain commonly requested topics and where they are described in
the Visual Fortran documentation (Section 6.5)
• Helps you locate books about Fortran 90 programming (Section 6.6)
For information about using the Visual Fortran Product Overview, see
Section 3.1.
6.1 Getting Started

Getting Started (the document you are now reading) contains installation
instructions, feature highlights, information on using HTMLHelp Viewer
to view online documentation, and basic product support information. It is
provided in printed hardcopy and online form.
Documentation Road Map 6–1

6.2 Language Reference Manual
Visual Fortran uses the DIGITAL Fortran language and its highly efficient
DIGITAL Fortran compiler system.
The DIGITAL Fortran Language Reference Manual describes the DIGITAL
Fortran source language for all DIGITAL Fortran platforms (architecture and
operating system pairs), including the format and use of statements, intrinsic
procedures, and other language elements.
DIGITAL extensions to the Fortran 90 standard are identified by blue-green
color in the DIGITAL Fortran Language Reference Manual, which is provided
in printed hardcopy form.
DIGITAL Fortran is also available for Alpha processor systems running
DIGITAL UNIX and the OpenVMS operating systems; DIGITAL Fortran 77 is
available for OpenVMS VAX systems.
6.3 Samples
You can view and copy the source code samples for use with your own projects.
Use a text editor to view the sample programs (Samples); they are not listed as
topics in HTMLHelp Viewer.
Visual Fortran includes various Samples, installed in the subdirectories below:
...\Df98\Samples
To install the Samples during installation, choose a Custom installation and
click (set) the Samples Programs check box.
If you do not install Samples, you can copy the Samples folders or files from
the Visual Fortran CD–ROM to your hard disk.
For a description (roadmap) of the Samples, open the file Samples.htm in a
Web browser (use File menu, Open).
Table 6–1 shows where to locate Samples.htm and the Samples on the Visual
Fortran CD–ROM (at any time) or on your hard disk (after installation):
6–2 Documentation Road Map

Table 6–1 Visual Fortran Samples
To Locate: Look:
Roadmap On the Visual Fortran CD–ROM, open the file:
to the info\Df\Samples\Samples.htm
Samples On your hard disk (after installation), open the file:
...\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98\Samples\Samples.htm
Samples On the Visual Fortran CD–ROM, locate folders under:

Folders info\Df\Samples
On your hard disk (after installation), locate folders under:
...\Microsoft Visual Studio\Df98\Samples
For example, after a Custom installation, the ...\Df98\Samples\Tutorial

folder contains short example programs. The Tutorial Samples describe (as
source comments) how they can be built.
Longer sample programs are also provided in their own subdirectories and
include a makefile (for command-line use) as well as the source files. Many
samples include a project workspace file, allowing you to open the project
workspace in the visual development environment, view the source files in the
FileView pane, build the sample, and run it.
Samples for the DIGITAL Array Visualizer are also located in folder under
Program Files\ArrayVisualizer\Samples.
For information about samples for specific project types, see Section 3.4.1.
6.4 Online HTMLHelp Viewer Documentation

Visual Fortran and related visual development environment online
documentation appears under the ‘‘DIGITAL Visual Fortran’’ title. The
online HTMLHelp books contain hypertext links between topics instead of
section references to other portions of the book.
The primary online reference books for Visual Fortran are:
• The Programmer’s Guide
• The Language Reference
• The Error Messages
• The Microsoft Visual C++ User’s Guide
• The DIGITAL Array Visualizer

• Other online titles, such as the IMSL documentation and the Microsoft
Platform SDK
These documentation resources are available online after you install Visual
Fortran. Online documents are provided in the HTMLHelp Viewer form, with
the exception of:
• The Visual Fortran Getting Started, which is provided in Adobe® Acrobat
Reader (PDF) format.
• The IMSL online documentation, which is provided in Adobe Acrobat
Reader (PDF) format and WinHelp (HLP) format.
• The Array Viewer online help (part of the DIGITAL Array Visualizer) is
provided in WinHelp (HLP) format.
To use the HTMLHelp Viewer, see Chapter 5.
6.4.1 Language Reference

The Language Reference online title describes the DIGITAL Visual Fortran
programming language. It contains information on language syntax and
semantics, on adherence to various Fortran standards, and on extensions to
those standards, including:
• Individual sections that describe aspects of the Fortran 90/95 language
Topics include program structure, constants and variables, various types of
statements, execution control, data transfer and I/O, scope and association,
compilation control and directives, and other topics.
• A-Z Reference
Organizes the functions, subroutines, and statements available in Visual
Fortran by the operations they perform. Also has descriptions of all Visual
Fortran statements and intrinsics (arranged in alphabetical order).
• Glossary
Contains abbreviated definitions of some commonly used terms in the
Visual Fortran documentation.
DIGITAL extensions to the Fortran 90 standard are identified by blue-green
color in the Language Reference and Programmer’s Guide online titles.

6.4.2 Programmer’s Guide
The Programmer’s Guide online title covers the following aspects of
programming on Windows NT, Windows 95, and Windows 98 systems:
• How to build and debug efficient applications using the visual development
environment or the command line, selecting appropriate compiler and
linker options, using the debugger, and performance guidelines.
• Detailed information about Visual Fortran project types: Fortran Console,
Fortran QuickWin (and Standard Graphics), Fortran DLL or Static
Libraries, and Fortran Windows Applications.
• Aspects of programming with Visual Fortran on Windows 95, Windows 98,
and Windows NT systems, including portability, using dialogs and graphics,
using COM and automation objects, mixed-language programming, and
multithread applications.
• Intrinsic data types, handling run-time errors, and converting foreign
unformatted files.
• How to use IMSL library routines, which are included only in the
Professional Edition of Visual Fortran.
• Source compatibility and using Visual Fortran tools.
You can use HTMLHelp Viewer to find details on language use, syntax,
compiler features, and run-time library routines. For more information about
using HTMLHelp Viewer, see Chapter 5.
6.4.3 Getting Started

Getting Started (the document you are now reading) contains installation
instructions, feature highlights, and basic product support information. It is
provided in hardcopy (printed) and online (PDF) form. The online version of
Getting Started is available in PDF form as a link from the Visual Fortran
home page or the file Dvf_gs.pdf in the root directory of the Visual Fortran
media CD-ROM.
6.4.4 Error Messages

Error Messages is a list of error messages with explanations, including Visual
Fortran run-time messages, linker messages, and tools messages.
For more information about using HTMLHelp Viewer, see Chapter 5.

6.4.5 Visual C++ User’s Guide
The Visual C++ User’s Guide provides information on navigating the menus
and windows of the development environment. It describes how to set up
projects, work with the editor, debugger, and browser, and how to set linker
options.
For more information about using HTMLHelp Viewer, see Chapter 5.
6.4.6 DIGITAL Array Visualizer

The DIGITAL Array Visualizer online documentation provides information
about the Array Visualizer, including getting started, the Fortran (fagl)
routines reference, the C (agl) routines reference, and the Avis2D ActiveX
control (including properties and methods reference).
Online WinHelp documentation is provided for Array Viewer (click the Help
menu in Array Viewer).
6.4.7 Platform SDK

The Platform Software Development Kit (SDK) online documentation is
included as a reference for systems routines, such as OpenGL.
To install the Platform SDK online title during installation:
1. Choose a Custom installation.
2. Select (click) the Visual Fortran Books Online line.
3. Click the Change button.
4. Click the Platform SDK Books Online check box.
If the Platform SDK is not installed, you can read the Platform SDK title from
the Visual Fortran media CD–ROM (it must be mounted).
6.4.8 Product Overview

The Visual Fortran product overview is a PowerPoint slide show that
contains tutorial help for users unfamiliar with Visual Fortran and the
visual development environment.
The PowerPoint 97 Viewer (or later) should be used to view this tutorial
information and can be downloaded as described in Section 3.1.
Once the PowerPoint 97 Viewer is installed, run the viewer and open
the product overview from the Visual Fortran CD–ROM, as described in
Section 3.1.

6.5 Where to Find Information
The following table lists various topics and where to find information about
them in the document set.
In the online books, remember that you can search through the online books
for keywords. For instructions on how to do this, see Chapter 5.
In the printed books, consult the Table of Contents or the Index to locate
information on a specific topic.
Topic Where to Find It

Differences between Fortran 95 and Language Reference Manual (printed), Overview
Fortran 90 Language Reference, Features of Fortran 90,
Features of Fortran 95
Differences between Fortran 90 and Language Reference Manual (printed), Overview
FORTRAN 77 Language Reference, Features of Fortran 90,
Features of Fortran 95
Compatibility with versions of Programmer’s Guide, Compatibility Information,
Microsoft Fortran and Microsoft Compiler and Linker Options
extensions
Starting a new program Programmer’s Guide, Writing New Code: Design
Considerations
Setting up the application Language Reference Manual (printed), Program
Structure, Characters, and Source Forms;
Program Units and Procedures
Language Reference, Program Structure,
Characters, and Source Forms; Program Units
and Procedures
Compiling and linking Programmer’s Guide, Building Programs and
Libraries, Using the Compiler and Linker
from the Command Line, Compiler and Linker
Options, Using Tools from the Command Line
Handling run-time errors Programmer’s Guide, Handling Run-Time
Errors, Locating Run-Time Errors in the
Debugger
Visual C++ User’s Guide, Using the Debugger
Run-Time Errors
Improving performance Programmer’s Guide, Performance: Making
Programs Run Faster, Profiling Code from the
Command Line

Topic Where to Find It
Using Microsoft Visual Development Getting Started, Microsoft Visual Development

Environment Environment
Product Overview (see Section 3.1)
Programmer’s Guide, Building Programs and
Libraries
Visual C++ User’s Guide, Visual C++ Environ-
ment, Working with Projects, Text Editor,
Debugger, other sections
Adding windows to your application Programmer’s Guide, Using QuickWin, Using
Dialogs
Getting user input with dialog boxes Programmer’s Guide, Using Dialogs
Adding mouse functions to your Programmer’s Guide, Using QuickWin
program
Adding graphic elements Programmer’s Guide, Drawing Graphics
Elements, Using Fonts from the Graphics
Library
Multitasking Programmer’s Guide, Creating Multithread
Applications
Working with other platforms Programmer’s Guide, Portability, Portability
Library, Compatibility, The Floating-Point
Environment
Interacting with other applications Programmer’s Guide, Programming with Mixed
Languages, Creating Fortran DLLs
Handling foreign character sets Programmer’s Guide, Using National Language
Support Routines
Glossary of terms Language Reference Manual, Glossary
Language Reference, Glossary
6.6 Books about Fortran 90 Programming

For a list of published documents that provide reference or tutorial information
on Fortran 90, see either the Preface of the printed DIGITAL Fortran
Language Reference Manual or the section ‘‘Introduction to the Language
Reference’’ in the online Language Reference. Digital Equipment Corporation
does not endorse these books or recommend them over other books on the same
subject.

7
Visual Fortran Technical Support
In the United States and Canada, Visual Fortran includes limited warranty
support with a maximum of two call events related to installation within the
90-day warranty period.
If you purchased the Professional Edition and have questions related to
installation of the IMSL libraries (described in Section 3.6), you should first
contact DIGITAL technical support. For other questions about the use of IMSL
library routines, contact Visual Numerics, Inc.
In the United States and Canada, the Visual Fortran support number is
printed on your warranty card. In other countries, contact your local DIGITAL
office.
For information about Visual Fortran, including availability of new releases
and the location of service update kits, you can access the DIGITAL Fortran
home page with a Web browser at the following Internet URL:
http://www.digital.com/fortran/
To view the list of frequently asked questions, access:
http://www.digital.com/fortran/dvf-faq.html
The type of technical support services available from DIGITAL depends on the
country that you live in. Contact your local DIGITAL office for information
about the type of support services available in your country.
In certain geographic regions, for example, you can purchase the following
types of technical support contracts from DIGITAL:
• Help Desk Support
• Software Telephone Support
Visual Fortran Technical Support 7–1

7.1 Help Desk Support
Where available, Help Desk Support provides remote telephone support related
to the use of Visual Fortran.
Two Help Desk Support options are available:
• Professional Support
Average response time is two hours. A DIGITAL Help Desk Service
professional will handle your calls. The minimum annual incident cap is
25 calls, which includes electronic access. You can purchase support for a
single call event with this option.
• Premium Support
Average response time is one hour. A DIGITAL Help Desk Service
professional will handle your calls. A customer environment profile will
be maintained. The minimum annual incident cap is 75 calls, which
includes electronic access. This service includes maintaining usage reports
(available upon customer request) that include the number of calls,
duration of calls, reason for the call, and other information.
7.2 Software Telephone Support

Where available, Software Telephone Support provides advisory and remedial
software remote support related to the use of Visual Fortran at a DIGITAL
Customer Support Center (CSC). Problem reports can be submitted by
telephone or by electronic means. This service authorizes three (3) employees’
access to DIGITAL telephone support and electronic support services. Support
for additional employees can be purchased.
Average response time is two hours. Telephone access is by means of a toll-free
800 number in the United States to one of multiple DIGITAL support people.
Electronic access is included. This service is purchased on an annual basis.
7.3 Features of the Support Options

The following table summarizes the features of the Software Telephone Support
and Help Desk support options, which are available in certain regions.
7–2 Visual Fortran Technical Support

Software Help Desk, Help Desk,
Feature Telephone Support Professional Premium
Telephone support during Yes Yes Yes
regular working hours?
Telephone support beyond Extra cost Yes Yes
regular working hours?
Purchase support for a single No Yes No
event?
Purchase event call packs? Not applicable Yes, minimum of Yes, minimum of
(unlimited number 10 10
of calls)
Annual support available Yes Yes, minimum 25 Yes, minimum 75
events events
Electronic access available? Yes Yes, with annual Yes, with annual
contract contract
Average support response Two hours Two hours One hour
Maintain customer profile? No No Yes
Usage reports available? No No Yes
7.4 Guidelines for Reporting Problems

If you have a technical support contract and an error occurs while Visual
Fortran is in use that you believe is caused by a problem with Visual Fortran,
you can report the problem to DIGITAL.
You should read the release notes in the Visual Fortran program folder and the
list of frequently asked questions (http://www.digital.com/fortran/dvf-faq.html)
to determine whether it is a known problem.
For guidelines about what information to provide, see the online
BUGREPRT.TXT file (in the ...\Df98 directory). This information includes:
• The name and version number of the operating system you are using.
• The specific commands or steps used to compile and link the program. In
the visual development environment, this includes the Fortran and Link
tab settings from the Project menu Settings item.
• Any error messages displayed.
• Relevant detailed information (possibly including source program listings).
Please try to narrow the cause of the problem to a specific subprogram or
lines of code.
Visual Fortran Technical Support 7–3

Index
A B
Account requirements Books online, 3–19
for installing on Windows NT systems, Breakpoint
1–7 setting in debugger, 4–6
Adding components Browser (source), 3–14
Visual Fortran, 2–2 Building
Adding files to a project, 4–10 Celsius project, 4–5
Alpha systems existing project, 4–5
See Professional Edition new project, 4–10
system requirements, 1–2
Array operations (Fortran 90), 3–5
Array Viewer C
description, 3–17 CD–ROM
obtaining for Array Visualizer running Visual Fortran from, 1–21
applications, 2–3 Celsius project
Array Visualizer building and running, 4–4
description, 3–17 opening project workspace, 4–4
installing, 1–18 ClassView pane (Visual C++), 4–2
online documentation, 6–3 COM objects
redistributing files, 2–3 Fortran Module Wizard, 3–15
removing, 2–8 Command-line interface, 3–18
Sample programs, 6–2 Command-line window
system requirements in Visual Fortran program folder, 3–18
See Professional Edition, system Comments about documentation
requirements sending to DIGITAL, viii
Array Visualizer (online title), 6–6 Compiler, 3–3
Automation objects Components
Fortran Module Wizard, 3–15 adding Visual Fortran, 2–2
Autorun utility choosing Array Visualizer, 1–19
when displayed, 1–7 choosing Visual Fortran, 1–14
visual development environment, 3–8
Index–1
Configurations Developer Studio
default types created, 3–11 See Visual development environment
minimum DF command, 3–18
See System requirements DFVARS.BAT file, 3–18
specifying in visual development installation prompt, 1–18
environment, 3–11 Dialog boxes
Console application project, 3–10 displayed during Array Visualizer
Contents window, HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–4 installation, 1–19
Context-sensitive help, 5–6 displayed during Visual Fortran
Creating a new project installation, 1–11
adding files to, 4–10 DIGITAL Array Visualizer
building, 4–10 See Array Visualizer
running, 4–12 DIGITAL Fortran for OpenVMS systems
workspace for, 4–10 source compatibility, 3–3, 3–8
Custom installation DIGITAL Fortran for UNIX systems
Custom Options Selection dialog box, source compatibility, 3–3, 3–8
1–14
DIGITAL Visual Fortran
Platform SDK online documentation, 6–6
See Visual Fortran
Samples, 6–2
DLLs
Custom Options Selection dialog box, 1–14
redistributing, 2–3
Customizing
Documentation
visual development environment, 3–12
full-text search, 5–7 to 5–9
Getting Started, 6–1
D IMSL Libraries, 3–16
Data types, intrinsic Language Reference Manual, 6–2
specifying precision, 3–5 locating in HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–4
Debugger online, 3–19
activating, 4–7 online titles, 6–3
features, 3–15 Platform SDK (online title), 6–3
problems viewing Fortran data, 2–1 release notes, 1–9
setting breakpoints, 4–5 searching by index keyword, 5–7
setting initial breakpoint, 4–6 searching online, 5–7 to 5–9
step over function, 4–7 sending comments to DIGITAL, viii
use with text editor, 4–5 summary of topics and locations, 6–7
viewing variable values, 4–5 viewing online
watch window, 4–9 contents, 5–4
Default project configuration, 3–10, 4–4 context-sensitive help, 5–6
jumping, 5–5
Deinstalling
titles, 6–3
See Removing viewing online HTMLHelp, 5–1
Derived data types (Fortran 90), 3–6 visual development environment (online
Destination directories, installation, 1–13, titles), 6–3
1–19
Index–2
Dual-boot systems Fortran QuickWin application project, 3–10
considerations for removing Visual Fortran standard graphics application
Fortran Version 5, 2–10 project, 3–10
installation considerations, 1–13, 1–19 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), 7–1
Dynamic-linked library project, 3–10 Full-text search (HTMLHelp Viewer), 5–7
rules and options, 5–8 to 5–9
E
Editor (text), 3–13 G
Environment variables Getting Started (online title), 6–5
See also DFVARS.BAT file Getting Started (printed version), 6–1
checking definitions, 2–8
installation dialog box, 1–18
installation option, 1–18
H
Error Messages (online title), 6–5 Home page
Example programs Visual Fortran, 7–1
HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–1 to 5–10
See Samples
accessing Internet Explorer options, 5–9
Excel, 1–4
contents window, 5–4
context-sensitive help, 5–6
F F1 key, 5–6
F1 key, 5–6 full text search, 5–7
FileView pane, 4–2 jumping to related topics, 5–5
FileView pane, visual development locating text on current page, 5–9
environment, 3–10, 4–4, 6–2 Problems displaying correct contents, 5–2
Fortran 90 language, 3–3 to 3–7 searching by index keyword, 5–7
Starting, 5–2
See also Visual Fortran
Switching the current collection, 5–2
color in text editor, 3–13
toolbar, 5–4
compared to FORTRAN 77, 3–3
Troubleshooting, 5–2
full Fortran 95 support, 3–8
using bookmarks (favorites), 5–9
third-party books, 6–8
Fortran 95 language, 3–3 to 3–7
compared to FORTRAN 77, 3–3 I
language extensions, 3–8 IMSL Libraries, 1–4
source compatibility, 3–8 description, 3–16
Visual Fortran extensions, 3–8 environment variables, 1–18
Fortran console application project, 3–10
InfoViewer
Fortran DLLs
See HTMLHelp Viewer
redistributing, 2–3
Installing
Fortran PowerStation
Array Visualizer, 1–18
command line compatibility, 3–18
Autorun utility, 1–18
installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5, 1–22
choosing Visual Fortran components,
source compatibility, 3–3, 3–8
1–19
default directory location, 1–19
Index–3
Installing Internet Explorer (cont’d)
Array Visualizer (cont’d) version of, 1–11
destination directories, 1–19
dual-boot systems considerations,
1–19
K
Registration dialog box, 1–19 KAP performance preprocessor, 1–4
Select Folder dialog box, 1–21
Setup Install Type dialog box, 1–19 L
Setup program, 1–18
type of installation, 1–19 Language
Welcome dialog box, 1–19 extensions, 3–8
Windows NT account requirement, features, 3–3
1–18 standards, 3–3
Microsoft Internet Explorer, 1–11 Language Reference (online title), 6–4
Visual Fortran, 1–7 to 1–23 Language Reference Manual (printed
adding components, 2–2 version), 6–2
Autorun utility, 1–7 Large data arrays
choosing Visual Fortran components, guidelines, 2–5
1–14 License terms dialog box, 1–11
default directory location, 1–13 Linker, 3–8
destination directories, 1–13
dual-boot systems considerations, M
1–13
Master Setup Window, 1–9 Master Setup Window, 1–9
Registration dialog box, 1–11 Microsoft Basic
reinstalling, 2–2 use with Visual Fortran, 3–20
Select Folder dialog box, 1–16 Microsoft Excel, 1–4
Setup Install Type dialog box, 1–13 Microsoft Fortran PowerStation
Setup program, 1–7 command line compatibility, 3–18
system requirements, 1–2 installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5, 1–22
type of installation, 1–13 source compatibility, 3–3, 3–8
Welcome dialog box, 1–11 Microsoft SourceSafe, 1–4
Windows NT account requirement, Microsoft Visual Basic, 1–4
1–7 installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5
with other Visual Studio products, use with Visual Fortran, 1–22
1–5, 1–22 Microsoft Visual C++, 1–4
with Visual Fortran Version 5, 1–6 installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5
Internet use with Visual Fortran, 1–22, 3–19
registering Visual Fortran, 1–1 Mixed-language programming, 1–22, 3–19
Visual Fortran home page, 7–1 Module Wizard, 3–15
Internet Explorer Modules (Fortran 90), 3–7
accessing options within HTMLHelp MSDN
Viewer, 5–9 Switching collections for HTMLHelp
installing, 1–11 Viewer, 5–2
removing, 2–7
Index–4
Per-user setup option, 2–1
Platform SDK (online title), 6–6
N Pointers
Numeric computation (Fortran 90), 3–5 Fortran 90, 3–7
integer, 3–8
O Post-installation tasks, 2–1 to 2–11
Problems
OLE guidelines for reporting, 7–3
See Module Wizard Product overview, 3–2, 6–6
Online documentation Professional Edition
See also Documentation Array Visualizer, 3–17
Array Viewer, 3–17, 6–6 IMSL Libraries, 3–16
Array Visualizer, 3–17, 6–6 environment variables, 1–18
contents window, 5–4 system requirements, 1–2
context-sensitive help, 5–6 Programmer’s Guide (online title), 6–5
DIGITAL Visual Fortran folder, 5–4 Programs
Error Messages, 6–5
See also Projects
for visual development environment, 6–6
building Celsius project, 4–4
full-text search, 5–7
building from the command line, 3–18
Getting Started, 6–5
building from visual development
HTMLHelp Viewer toolbar, 5–4
environment, 4–4
IMSL Libraries, 3–16
Project workspace
jumping to related topics, 5–5
creating new, 4–10
Language Reference, 6–4
for Samples, 6–2
locating in HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–4
opening existing, 4–4
Platform SDK, 6–6
Projects, 3–10 to 3–12, 4–4 to 4–12
Product overview, 6–6
adding files to, 4–10
Programmer’s Guide, 6–5
building, 4–4, 4–10
release notes, 1–9
configurations, 3–11
searching by index keywords, 5–7
contents of, 3–10, 4–4
summary of topics and locations, 6–7
converting between Version 5 and Version
viewing with HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–1
6, 2–2
Visual Fortran titles, 6–3
converting to Version 6, 2–2
Opening
creating new, 4–10
Celsius project workspace, 4–4
default configuration, 3–10, 4–4
new project workspace, 4–10
existing, 4–4
Output pane, 4–2
FileView pane, 3–10, 4–4, 6–2
Samples, 3–10, 4–4
P Samples with project workspace files, 6–2
settings, 3–11
PC requirements
types, 3–10
Professional Edition, 1–2
using Celsius, 4–4
Standard Edition, 1–2
Index–5
Running
existing project, 4–5
Q new project, 4–10
QuickWin application project, 3–10
QuickWin help file
redistributing, 2–3 S
Quitting the visual development Samples
environment, 1–23 debugging the sample Celsius project,
4–5
description, 6–2
R editing the sample Celsius project, 4–5
Redistributing files, 2–3 for project types, 3–10
Registering Visual Fortran, 1–1 online overview (Samples.htm), 6–2
Registration using the sample Celsius project, 4–4
dialog box, 1–11 with project workspace files, 6–2
number Search (HTMLHelp Viewer)
requested during Array Visualizer full text rules and options, 5–8 to 5–9
installation, 1–19 full text search, 5–7
requested during Visual Fortran index keyword, 5–7
installation, 1–11 Select Folder dialog box, 1–16
when needed, 1–1 Settings
where it is located, 1–1 for projects, 3–11
using Internet, 1–1 Setup Install Type dialog box
using registration card, 1–1 Array Visualizer installation, 1–19
Reinstalling Visual Fortran, 2–2 Visual Fortran installation, 1–13
Release notes Source browser, 3–14
viewing, 1–9 Source compatibility, 3–3
Removing language extensions, 3–8
Array Visualizer, 2–8 SourceSafe, 1–4
Microsoft Internet Explorer, 2–7 Standard Edition
Visual Fortran Version 5, 2–9 system requirements, 1–2
checking environment variable Standard graphics application project, 3–10
definitions, 2–8 Standards
consideration for dual-boot systems, Visual Fortran language, 3–3
2–10 Starting the visual development
Visual Fortran Version 6, 2–6 environment, 1–23
checking environment variable Static library project, 3–10
definitions, 2–8 Support
Resource editors, 3–14
See Technical support
Run from CD–ROM option
System requirements
and Autorun utility, 1–8
Array Visualizer (Professional Edition),
installing, 1–15
1–2
use, 1–21
Professional Edition, 1–2
Standard Edition, 1–2
Index–6
System routines (online title), 6–6 Visual development environment (cont’d)
linker, 3–8
online documentation, 6–1
T opening an existing project, 4–4
Technical support, 7–1 to 7–3 project settings, 3–11
features, 7–2 projects, 3–10, 4–4
guidelines for reporting problems, 7–3 quitting, 1–23
types of, 7–2 resource editors, 3–14
Text editor, 3–13 source browser, 3–14
Toolbar starting, 1–23
HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–4 starting HTMLHelp Viewer, 5–2
Tutorial on visual development environment text editor, 3–13, 4–2, 4–5
and Visual Fortran, 3–2 tutorial, 3–2
Typical installation, 1–14 types of windows, 4–2
installing additional components, 2–2 viewing HTMLHelp online documentation,
5–1
viewing HTMLHelp Viewer contents, 5–4
U workspaces, 3–10, 4–4
User interface Visual Fortran
resource editors, 3–14 Array Visualizer, 3–17
Autorun utility, 1–7
Books online, 3–19
V command-line interface, 3–18
Visual Basic, 1–4 compiler and standards, 3–3
installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5 documentation, 6–1
use with Visual Fortran, 1–22, 3–20 documentation topics, 6–7
Visual C++, 1–4 Fortran 95 support, 3–8
installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5 frequently asked questions page, 7–1
use with Visual Fortran, 1–22, 3–19 Getting Started, 6–1
Visual C++ User’s Guide (online title), 6–6 guidelines for programs using large data
Visual development environment, 3–8 to arrays, 2–5, 2–6
3–15 home page, 7–1
accessing context-sensitive help, 5–6 IMSL Libraries, 3–16
building Celsius project, 4–4 installing, 1–7 to 1–23
components, 3–8 installing with Version 5, 1–6
configurations, 3–11 language extensions, 3–8
creating a new project, 4–10 language features, 3–3 to 3–7
customizing, 3–12 Language Reference Manual, 6–2
debugger, 4–5 mixed-language programming, 1–22,
documentation topics, 6–7 3–19
features, 3–8 to 3–20 Module Wizard, 3–15
FileView pane, 4–4, 6–2 online documentation, 3–19, 6–3
HTMLHelp Viewer, 3–19 to 5–10 online documentation in HTMLHelp
integrated debugger, 3–15 Viewer, 5–4
jumping to related topics in HTMLHelp per-user setup option, 2–1
Viewer, 5–5
Index–7
Visual Fortran (cont’d) Workspaces (cont’d)
post-installation tasks, 2–1 to 2–11 for Samples, 6–2
product features, 3–1 to 3–20 project, 3–10, 4–4
product overview, 3–2
project files, 2–2
redistributing files, 2–3
X
registering, 1–1 x86 systems
reinstalling, 2–2 system requirements, 1–2
related software, 1–2
removing old versions, 2–6, 2–9
removing Version 5, 2–9
removing Version 6, 2–6
running from CD–ROM, 1–13, 1–21
Sample programs, 3–10, 6–2
source compatibility, 3–8
starting the visual development
environment, 1–23
technical support, 7–1
tutorial on visual development
environment, 3–2
viewing release notes, 1–9
warranty support, 7–1
Visual Studio
installing with Visual Fortran, 1–5
W
Warranty support, 7–1
Welcome dialog box, 1–11
Win32 (Windows) application project, 3–10
Windows
in visual development environment
workspace, 4–2
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows NT
installation account requirements, 1–7
minimum version requirement, 1–2
Workspaces
Celsius, 4–4
customizing visual development
environment, 3–12
files in FileView pane, 4–2
Index–8

DVF GS

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DIGITAL Visual Fortran

This guide lists system prerequisites and describes how to install

Revision/Update Information: This revised document supersedes the

Digital Equipment Corporation

This document was prepared using VAX DOCUMENT Version 2.1.

About this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

1 Installing Visual Fortran

4 Using the Visual Development Environment

6 Documentation Road Map

7 Visual Fortran Technical Support

This guide introduces you to DIGITAL Visual Fortran Version 6.0.

Sending DIGITAL Your Comments on This Document

You will need your registration number:

Installing Visual Fortran 1–1

1.2 System Requirements and Optional Software

1–2 Installing Visual Fortran

Operating System Processor Memory Requirements

Edition Processor Hard Disk Space

Installing Visual Fortran 1–3

Professional Alpha Requires 40 MB to run from CD–ROM and up to

1–4 Installing Visual Fortran

1.3 Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Studio Products

Installing Visual Fortran 1–5

1.4 Visual Fortran Installation with Visual Fortran Version 5

1–6 Installing Visual Fortran

1.5 Installing Visual Fortran and Related Software

1.5.1 Using Setup to Install Visual Fortran and Related Software

Installing Visual Fortran 1–7

1–8 Installing Visual Fortran

Installing Visual Fortran 1–9

1–10 Installing Visual Fortran

Installing Visual Fortran 1–11

Figure 1–2 DIGITAL Visual Fortran Installation Registration Window

1–12 Installing Visual Fortran

Figure 1–3 Setup Install Type Dialog Box

Installing Visual Fortran 1–13

Table 1–1 Visual Fortran Installation Components

(continued on next page)

1–14 Installing Visual Fortran

The development kit for DIGITAL Array Visualizer is available only

Installing Visual Fortran 1–15

1–16 Installing Visual Fortran

The Select Folder dialog box asks you to:

Installing Visual Fortran 1–17

1–18 Installing Visual Fortran

Installing Visual Fortran 1–19

1–20 Installing Visual Fortran

1.5.2 Running Visual Fortran All or Partially from CD–ROM

Installing Visual Fortran 1–21

1.5.3 Mixed-Language Development Support

1–22 Installing Visual Fortran

1.6 Starting and Quitting the Visual Development

Installing Visual Fortran 1–23

This chapter describes certain post-installation tasks required to use Visual

2.1 Applying the Visual Fortran Per-User Option

Post-Installation Tasks 2–1

2.2 Copying Visual Fortran Project Files

2.3 Changing Installation Options or Reinstalling Visual

2–2 Post-Installation Tasks

2.4 Redistributing Visual Fortran Files

Post-Installation Tasks 2–3

2–4 Post-Installation Tasks