Power Connect - Example Connection Calculations Vs PC

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brandweerstandsanalyse - timber - 1st order - verstijvers - buisverbinding - diseño de planos de armaduras - pandeo lateral -
verbindingen - shear connection - verificación - armatures longitudinales - pórtico - unión base columna - voorontwerp - unión
tubular - haunch - connexion moment - cimbras - vérification acier - unity check - Eurocode 2 - mesh - retaining
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andamios - kip - dwarskrachtverbinding - BS 8110 - dalle de fondation - seismische analyse - armaduras longitudinales - BIM -
gelaste verbinding - 2de orde - buckling - funderingszool - poutre sur plusieurs appuis - maillage - malla - uniones - 2D raamwerken -
fire resistance analysis - voiles - cracked deformation - gescheurde doorbuiging - longueurs de flambement -
pandeo - reinforcement - unity check - cantonera - dynamische analyse - hout - ossatures 3D - koudgevormde profielen -
placa de extreme - 1er orden - continuous beam - connexion soudée - momentverbinding - praktische wapening - renforts au
déversement - fluencia - estribos - déformation fissurée - EHE - beugels - Eurocódigo 3 - platine de bout - análisis dinámico -
column base plate - kruip - rigid link - welded connection - charpente métallique - moment connections - estructuras 2D -
kniestuk - assemblage métallique - 3D raamwerken - second ordre - beam grid - cargas climáticas - Eurocode 2 - Eurocode 5 -
wall - deformación fisurada - lien rigide - enlace rígido - 2D frames - estructuras 3D - éléments finis - vloerplaat - steel connection
- scheurvorming - integrated connection design - armatures pratiques - analyse sismique - nieve y viento - practical
Eurocode 3 - connexion tubulaire - unión a

reinforcement - charges mobiles - dalle - wapening - perfiles conformados en frío -
momento - 3D frames - treillis de poutres - roof truss - practical reinforcement design - portique - kipsteunen - análisis
sísmico - Eurocode 8 - seismic analysis - B.A.E.L 91 - uniones atornilladas - bolts - ossatures 2D - eindige elementen - losa de cimentación
- restricciones para el pandeo lateral - optimisation - wand - kniklengtes - end plate - dakspanten -
kolomvoetverbinding - stirrups - acier - staalcontrole - cálculo de uniones integrado - paroi - dessin du plan de ferraillage -
stiffeners - mobiele lasten - Eurocódigo 8 - Eurocódigo 5 - longitudinal reinorcement - doorlopende liggers - rigidizador - beton
STEEL CONNECTION DESIGN
PowerConnect
EXAMPLE CONNECTIONS
armé - fluage - CTE - connexion pied de poteau - langswapening - connexions - hormigón - neige et vent - elementos
finitos - armaduras - cold formed steel - jarret - uittekenen wapening - puente grúa - analyse dynamique - flambement -
keerwanden - optimisation - steel - cercha - 2º orden - slab on grade foundation - entramado de vigas - Eurocode 5 -
prédimensionnement - multi span beam - bouten - armatures - floor slab - poutre continue - pared - staal - 1er ordre - NEN 6770-
6771 - connexion cisaillement - losa - déversement - viga continua - predimensionering - 1ste orde - unión metálica - CM 66 - madera
- análisis resistencia al fuego - verbindingen - 2nd order - bois - Eurocode 2 - profilés formés à froid - verificación acero - predesign
- unión soldada - fisuración - beton - muro de contención - optimalisatie - foundation pads - fissuration - concrete -
AISC-LRFD - HCSS - assemblage métallique - Eurocode 3 - viga con varios apoyos - armaduras prácticas - balkenroosters - unión a
cortante - buckling length - boulons - cracking - Eurocode 8 - knik - Eurocode 2 - radier - eindplaat - Eurocódigo 2 - FEM
- tornillos - NEN 6720 - moving loads - balk op meerdere steunpunten - cargas móviles - funderingsplaat - étriers
BEAM TO COLUMN FLANGE
WITH BOLTED EXTENDED END PLATE
Example 1
MOMENT CONNECTION - EUROCODE
Beam IPE 270 to Column Flange HEA200 with Bolted End Plate - Moment Connection - Eurocode
Eucocode - MC - Beam to column with bolted extended end plate

Reference documents
- Eurocode EN1993-1-8: 2005+AC:2009 (EC3-1-8) ≔ 1000
- Eurocode EN1993-1-1: 2005+AC:2009 (EC3-1-1)
Data
Geometry
Column HEA 200 Beam IPE 270
hc ≔ 190 Height hb ≔ 270 Height
tf;c ≔ 10 Flange thickness tf;b ≔ 10.2 Flange thickness
bc ≔ 200 Width bb ≔ 135 Width
tw;c ≔ 6.5 Web thickness tw;b ≔ 6.6 Web thickness
rc ≔ 18 Web thickness rb ≔ 15 Web thickness
2 2
Ac ≔ 53.8358901 Area Ab ≔ 45.9482459 Area
3 3
Wel;y;c ≔ 388.678 Elastic section modulus Wel;y;b ≔ 428.907 Elastic section modulus
3 3
Wpl;y;c ≔ 429.521 Plastic section modulus Wpl;y;b ≔ 484.035 Plastic section modulus
4 4
Iy;c ≔ 3692.4429 Area moment of inertia Iy;b ≔ 5790.2436 Area moment of inertia
Endplate
hp ≔ 290 Height
tp ≔ 10 Thickness
bp ≔ 200 Width
Bolts M20 Welds

dbolts ≔ 20 Diameter aw ≔ 5 Troat welds beam web
d0;bolts ≔ 22 Diameter hole af ≔ 5 Troat welds beam flange
2
Anet;bolts ≔ 245 Net surface bolt
thead ≔ 12.5 Bolt head Lf ≔ 233.4 Length welds beam flange
tnut ≔ 12.5 Nut Lw ≔ 439.2 Length welds beam web
Material
E ≔ 210000
Column Beam
fy;c ≔ 235 Yield strength fy;b ≔ 235 Yield strength
fu;c ≔ 360 Tensile strength fu;b ≔ 360 Tensile strength
Endplate Stiffener
fy;p ≔ 235 Yield strength fy;s ≔ 235 Yield strength
fu;p ≔ 360 Tensile strength fu;s ≔ 360 Tensile strength
Bolts
fy;bolts ≔ 640 Yield strength
fu;bolts ≔ 800 Tensile strength
Partial safety factors (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.1)

γM0 ≔ 1.00 Element and section resistance
γM1 ≔ 1.00 Instability resistance
γM2 ≔ 1.25 Bolt resistance
© BuildSoft - structural design analysis software - www.buildsoft.eu -1-

Bolt positions
nbolts ≔ 6 Number of bolts
w ≔ 76.6 Horizontal distance between bolts
p1;2 ≔ 73.2 Vertical distance bolts rows 1 & 2
e1c ≔ 71.8 Vertical distance of 1st bolt row to upper column border
e2c ≔ 1000 Vertical distance of last bolt row to lower column border
ep ≔ 61.7 Horizontal distance of bolts to endplate border
e1p ≔ 71.8 Vertical distance of 1st bolt row to upper endplate border
e2p ≔ 71.8 Vertical distance of last bolt row to lower endplate border
ebp ≔ 10 Vertical distance of beam flange to endplate border
mx ≔ 51.6 Vertical distance of 1st bolt row betweeen flanges to upper
beam flange bottom
Calculation method Eurocode

≔ 1000
Calculated variables
Column
bc − bp
ec ≔ ――― + ep = 61.7
2
⎝⎛bc − tw;c⎠⎞
mc ≔ ―――― − ec − 0.8 ⋅ rc = 20.65
2
dwc ≔ hc − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;c + rc⎞⎠ = 134

2
Av;c ≔ Ac − 2 ⋅ bc ⋅ tf;c + ⎛⎝tw;c + 2 ⋅ rc⎞⎠ ⋅ tf;c = 1808.589 Shear area EC3-1-1 §6.2.6
Endplate
⎛⎝bp − tw;b⎞⎠
mp ≔ ―――― − ep − 0.8 ⋅ aw ⋅ ‾‾
2 = 29.343
2 ‾‾
m2 ≔ mx − 0.8 ⋅ af ⋅ 2 = 45.943

Component resistance calculation

Bolts
Bolts in tension
2
fu;bolts = 800 Anet;bolts = 245 γM2 = 1.25 Data
fu;bolts ⋅ Anet;bolts
Bt;Rd ≔ 0.9 ⋅ ―――――= 141.12 Bolt resistance
γM2
Bt;Rd;row ≔ 2 ⋅ Bt;Rd = 282.24

Ft;bolts;Rd ≔ nbolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 846.72 Total bolt resistance
⎡ tf;b ⎤
⎢ p1;2 + p2;3 + mx + ―― ⎥
2 Lever arm
⎢ ⎥ ⎡ 203.1 ⎤
tf;b
z ≔ ⎢ p2;3 + mx + ―― ⎥ = ⎢ 129.9 ⎥
⎢ 2 ⎥ ⎢⎣ 56.7 ⎥⎦
⎢ tf;b ⎥
⎢⎣ mx + ―― ⎥
2 ⎦
Bolts in shear
αv ≔ ⎛⎝fy;bolts ＝ 240 ∨ fy;bolts ＝ 300 ∨ fy;bolts ＝ 640 , 0.6 , 0.5⎞⎠ = 0.6
αv ⋅ fu;bolts ⋅ Anet;bolts
Bv;Rd ≔ ―――――― = 94.08
γM2
Bv;Rd;row ≔ 2 ⋅ Bv;Rd = 188.16

Fv;bolts;Rd ≔ nbolts ⋅ Bv;Rd = 564.48
Welds
Fy Bw
fy ≔ min ⎛⎝fy;b , fy;p⎞⎠ = 235
( )
fu ≔ min ⎛⎝fu;b , fu;p⎞⎠ = 360 235 0.8

275 0.85
355 0.9
420 1.0
βw ≔ lookup ⎛⎝fy , Fy , Bw⎞⎠ = 0.8
0,0
460 1.0
Welds in tension (EC3-1-8 §5.4.3)

2
Aw;t ≔ 2 ⋅ af ⋅ Lf + aw ⋅ Lw = 4530
fu
fvw;t;d ≔ ――――― = 254.558
‾‾
2 ⋅ γM2 ⋅ βw
Ft;w;Rd ≔ Aw;t ⋅ fvw;t;d = 1153.15
Welds in shear (EC3-1-8 §5.4.3)

2
Aw;s ≔ aw ⋅ Lw = 2196
fu
fvw;s;d ≔ ――――― = 207.846
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2 ⋅ βw
Fv;w;Rd ≔ Aw;s ⋅ fvw;s;d = 456.43

Column
Column web in shear (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.1)
2
fy;c = 235 Av;c = 1808.589 γM0 = 1 Data
0.9 ⋅ fy;c ⋅ Av;c

Vwp;Rd ≔ ――――― = 220.85 Plastic shear resistance of
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM0 unstiffend column web panel
Column web in transverse compression (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.2)

tf;b = 10.2 tf;c = 10 tw;c = 6.5 Data
fy;c = 235 dwc = 134 E = 210000
γM0 = 1 γM1 = 1
ap ≔ aw = 5 Endplate welds
s ≔ rc = 18
u ≔ ebp − ‾‾2 ⋅ ap = 2.929 Extension below endplate
sp ≔ min ⎛⎝2 ⋅ tp , tp + u⎞⎠ = 12.929 Length obtained by disperion at
45° through end-plate
beff;c;wc ≔ tf;b + 2 ⋅ ‾‾
2 ⋅ ap + 5 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;c + s⎞⎠ + sp = 177.27 Effective width of column web in
compression
β≔1 (§5.3 Table 5.4) Transformation parameter
1
ω1 ≔ ――――――――― = 0.809 Reduction factor for
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2
interaction effects with shear
⎛ beff;c;wc ⋅ tw;c ⎞
1 + 1.3 ⋅ ⎜――――⎟ in column web panel
⎝ Av;c ⎠
ω ≔ ω1
kwc ≔ 1 Reduction factor
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
beff;c;wc ⋅ dwc ⋅ fy;c
λp ≔ 0.932 ⋅ ―――――― = 0.739 Plate slenderness
2
E ⋅ tw;c
ρ ≔ if λp > 0.72 | = 0.987 Reduction factor for plate
‖ ⎛λ − 0.2⎞ | buckling
⎝ p ⎠|
‖ ――――
2
‖ λp |
‖ |
else |
‖1
‖ |
ω ⋅ kwc ⋅ beff;c;wc ⋅ tw;c ⋅ fy;c

Fc;wc;Rd;1 ≔ ―――――――― = 219.08
γM0
ω ⋅ kwc ⋅ ρ ⋅ beff;c;wc ⋅ tw;c ⋅ fy;c

Fc;wc;Rd;2 ≔ ――――――――― = 216.176
γM1
Design resistance of unstiffened
Fc;wc;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝Fc;wc;Rd;1 , Fc;wc;Rd;2⎞⎠ = 216.18 column web subjected to
transverse compression
Column flange in bending (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.4)
ec = 61.7 e1c = 71.8 e2c = 1000 Data

m = 20.65 f = 235 tf;c = 10
Bt;Rdc = 141.12 γM0y;c= 1

Bt;Rd 141.12 γM0 1
nc ≔ min ⎛⎝ec , ep , 1.25 ⋅ mc⎞⎠ = 25.81
T-stubs to consider:
- Row 1
- Row 2
- Row 3
- Row 1+2
- Row 2+3
- Row 1+2+3
T-stub Row 1
n'bolts ≔ 2
Row 1: end bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ mc = 129.748
λeff;cp;2 ≔ ⋅ mc + e1c = 136.674
leff;cp;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝λeff;cp;1 , λeff;cp;2⎞⎠ = 129.75
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mc + 1.25 ⋅ ec = 159.725

λeff;nc;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + e1c = 151.663
leff;nc;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝λeff;nc;1 , λeff;nc;2⎞⎠ = 151.66
leff1;c;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1 , leff;nc;1⎞⎠ = 129.748 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;c;1 ≔ leff;nc;1 = 151.663 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
leff1;c;1 ⋅ tf;c ⋅ fy;c ⎞
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd1 ≔ ―――――――――= 147.65 Mode 1: Complete yielding flange
mc
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + nc ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd2 ≔ ――――――――――――――= 195.15 Mode 2: Bolt failure + yielding of
mc + nc flange
FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 282.24 Mode 3: Bolt failure
Ft;fc;Rd;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 147.65 Design resistance T-stub row 1
T-stub Row 2
n'bolts ≔ 2
Row 2: inner bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ mc = 129.748
leff;cp;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝λeff;cp;1⎞⎠ = 129.75 Effective length circular pattern
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mc + 1.25 ⋅ ec = 159.725

leff;nc;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝λeff;nc;1⎞⎠ = 159.73 Effective length non-circular
pattern

⎛ 2
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
m

FT;Rd1 147.65 Mode 1: Complete yielding flange
mc
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + nc ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mc + nc flange
T-stub Row 3
n'bolts ≔ 2
Row 3: end bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ mc = 129.748
λeff;cp;2 ≔ ⋅ mc + e2c = 1064.874
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mc + 1.25 ⋅ ec = 159.725

λeff;nc;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + e2c = 1079.863

⎛ 2
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mc
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + nc ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mc + nc flange
T - stub Row 1+2

n'bolts ≔ 4
Row 1: end bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mc + p1;2 = 138.074
λeff;cp;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ e1c + p1;2 = 216.8
leff;cp;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝λeff;cp;1 , λeff;cp;2⎞⎠ = 138.07 Effective length circular pattern
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

λeff;nc;2 ≔ e2c + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 1036.6
leff;nc;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝λeff;nc;1 , λeff;nc;2⎞⎠ = 116.46 Effective length non-circular
pattern
Row 2: end bolt row

λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mc + p1;2 = 138.074
λeff;cp;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ e2c + p1;2 = 2073.2

leff;cp;2 min ⎝λeff;cp;1 , λeff;cp;2⎠ 138.07 Effective length circular pattern
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

λeff;nc;2 ≔ e1c + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 108.4
pattern
leff;cp;1;2 ≔ leff;cp;1 + leff;cp;2 = 276.15

leff;nc;1;2 ≔ leff;nc;1 + leff;nc;2 = 224.86
leff1;c;1;2 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1;2 , leff;nc;1;2⎞⎠ = 224.863 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;c;1;2 ≔ leff;nc;1;2 = 224.863 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
leff1;c;1;2 ⋅ tf;c ⋅ fy;c ⎞
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd1 ≔ ――――――――― = 255.9 Mode 1: Complete yielding flange
mc
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + nc ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd2 ≔ ――――――――――――――― = 370.47 Mode 2: Bolt failure + yielding of
mc + nc flange
Ft;fc;Rd;1;2 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 255.9 Design resistance T-stub row 1+2
T - stub Row 2+3

n'bolts ≔ 4
Row 2: end bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mc + p2;3 = 138.074
λeff;cp;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝e1c + p1;2⎞⎠ + p2;3 = 363.2
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 116.463

λeff;nc;2 ≔ ⎛⎝e1c + p1;2⎞⎠ + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 181.6
pattern
Row 3: end bolt row

λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mc + p2;3 = 138.074
λeff;cp;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ e2c + p2;3 = 2073.2
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 116.463

λeff;nc;2 ≔ e2c + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 1036.6
pattern

leff1;c;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;2;3 , leff;nc;2;3⎞⎠ = 232.925 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;c;2;3 ≔ leff;nc;2;3 = 232.925 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
m

FT;Rd1 265.07 Mode 1: Complete yielding flange
mc
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + nc ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mc + nc flange
Ft;fc;Rd;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 265.07 Design resistance T-stub row 2+3
T - stub Row 1+2+3

n'bolts ≔ 6
Row 1: end bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mc + p1;2 = 138.074
λeff;cp;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ e1c + p1;2 = 216.8
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

λeff;nc;2 ≔ e1c + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 108.4
pattern

λeff;cp;1 ≔ p1;2 + p2;3 = 146.4
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ⎛⎝p1;2 + p2;3⎞⎠ = 73.2

pattern
Row 3: end bolt row

λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mc + p1;2 = 138.074
λeff;cp;2 ≔ 2 ⋅ e2c + p1;2 = 2073.2
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

λeff;nc;2 ≔ e2c + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 1036.6
pattern
leff;cp;1;2;3 ≔ leff;cp;1 + leff;cp;2 + leff;cp;3 = 422.55

leff;nc;1;2;3 ≔ leff;nc;1 + leff;nc;2 + leff;nc;3 = 298.06
leff1;c;1;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1;2;3 , leff;nc;1;2;3⎞⎠ = 298.063 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;c;1;2;3 ≔ leff;nc;1;2;3 = 298.063 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
leff1;c;1;2;3 ⋅ tf;c ⋅ fy;c ⎞
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ――――――⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd1 ≔ ―――――――――― = 339.2 Mode 1: Complete yielding flange
mc
⎛ 2
leff2;c;1;2;3 ⋅ tf;c ⋅ fy;c ⎞
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ――――――⎟ + nc ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd2 ≔ ―――――――――――――――= 545.78 Mode 2: Bolt failure + yielding of
m c + nc flange

Ft;fc;Rd;1;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 339.2 Design resistance T-stub row 2+3
Summary
⎡ leff1;c;1 leff1;c;1;2 leff1;c;1;2;3 ⎤ Minimum of effective lengths

leff;c ≔ ⎢ 0 leff1;c;2 leff1;c;2;3 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 0 leff1;c;3 ⎦
⎡ 129.75 224.86 298.06 ⎤
leff;c = ⎢ 0 129.75 232.93 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 129.75 ⎥⎦
⎡ Ft;fc;Rd;1 Ft;fc;Rd;1;2 Ft;fc;Rd;1;2;3 ⎤ Design resistance of unstiffend
Ft;fc;Rd ≔ ⎢ 0 Ft;fc;Rd;2 Ft;fc;Rd;2;3 ⎥ column flange in bending +
⎢ ⎥ bolts in tension
⎣ 0 0 Ft;fc;Rd;3 ⎦
⎡ 147.65 255.9 339.2 ⎤
Ft;fc;Rd = ⎢ 0 147.65 265.07 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 147.65 ⎥⎦
Column web in transverse tension (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.3)
tw;c = 6.5 fy;c = 235 Data

2
γM0 = 1 Av;c = 1808.589
Effective width of column web in
beff;t;wc ≔ leff;c tension
― Reduction factor for

⎛ ―――― 1
―――→⎞ ⎡ 0.883 0.735 0.633 ⎤
interaction effects with shear
ω ≔ ⎜――――――――― ⎟=⎢1 0.883 0.723 ⎥
in column web panel
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎢⎣ 1 0.883 ⎥⎦
2
⎛ beff;t;wc ⋅ tw;c ⎞ ⎟ 1
⎜ 1 + 1.3 ⋅ ⎜――――⎟ ⎟
⎝ ⎝ Av;c ⎠ ⎠
――――――→ ⎡ 174.99 252.6 288.43 ⎤ Design resistance of unstiffened

ω ⋅ beff;t;wc ⋅ tw;c ⋅ fy;c column web subjected to transverse
Ft;wc;Rd ≔ ――――――― =⎢ 0 174.99 257.37 ⎥
γM0 ⎢⎣ 0 tension
0 174.99 ⎥⎦
Endplate
Endplate in bending (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.5)
fy;p = 235 tp = 10 Data
Bt;Rd = 141.12 γM0 = 1
e1p = 71.8 ep = 61.7 mp = 29.343
np ≔ min ⎛⎝ec , ep , 1.25 ⋅ mp⎞⎠ = 36.68
T-stub Row 1
n'bolts ≔ 2
Row 1: 1st bolt row under tension flange
mp
λ1 ≔ ――― = 0.322
m p + ep
m2
λ2 ≔ ――― = 0.505
m p + ep
α ≔ 6.988

λeff;cp;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ mp = 184.368
λeff;nc;1 ≔ α ⋅ mp = 205.05
leff1;p;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1 , leff;nc;1⎞⎠ = 184.368 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;p;1 ≔ leff;nc;1 = 205.05 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
leff1;p;1 ⋅ tp ⋅ fy;p ⎞
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + np ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
m p + np flange
Ft;ep;Rd;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 147.65 Design resistance T-stub row 1
T-stub Row 2
n'bolts ≔ 2
Row 2: other inner bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ mp = 184.368
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mp + 1.25 ⋅ ep = 194.498

pattern

⎛ 2
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + np ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
m p + np flange
T-stub Row 3
n'bolts ≔ 2
Row 3:1st bolt row under tension flange
Note: PowerConnect does not know at this point which is the tension flange
© BuildSoft - structural design analysis software - www.buildsoft.eu - 10 -

Note: PowerConnect does not know at this point which is the tension flange
λeff;cp;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ mp = 184.368
λeff;nc;1 ≔ α ⋅ mp = 205.05
pattern

⎛ 2
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + np ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
m p + np flange
T - stub Row 1+2

n'bolts ≔ 4
λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mp + p1;2 = 165.384
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 + α ⋅ mp − ⎛⎝2 ⋅ mp + 0.625 ⋅ ep⎞⎠ = 144.401

pattern
Row 2: other end bolt row

λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mp + p1;2 = 165.384
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mp + 0.625 ⋅ ep + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 133.849

pattern

leff1;p;1;2 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1;2 , leff;nc;1;2⎞⎠ = 278.25 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;p;1;2 ≔ leff;nc;1;2 = 278.25 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
leff1;p;1;2 ⋅ tp ⋅ fy;p ⎞
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + np ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp + np flange

Ft;ep;Rd;1;2 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 222.84 Design resistance T-stub row 1+2
T - stub Row 2+3

n'bolts ≔ 4
Row 2: other end bolt row
λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mp + p2;3 = 165.384
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mp + 0.625 ⋅ ep + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 133.849

pattern

λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mp + p2;3 = 165.384
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 + α ⋅ mp − ⎛⎝2 ⋅ mp + 0.625 ⋅ ep⎞⎠ = 144.401

pattern

leff1;p;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;2;3 , leff;nc;2;3⎞⎠ = 278.25 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;p;2;3 ≔ leff;nc;2;3 = 278.25 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp
⎛ 2
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ―――――― ⎟ + np ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
mp + np flange
Ft;ep;Rd;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 222.84 Design resistance T-stub row 2+3
T - stub Row 1+2+3

n'bolts ≔ 6
λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mp + p2;3 = 165.384
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 + α ⋅ mp − ⎛⎝2 ⋅ mp + 0.625 ⋅ ep⎞⎠ = 144.401

pattern

λeff;cp;1 ≔ p1;2 + p2;3 = 146.4

λeff;cp;1 p1;2 + p2;3 146.4
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ⎛⎝p1;2 + p2;3⎞⎠ = 73.2

pattern

λeff;cp;1 ≔ ⋅ mp + p2;3 = 165.384
λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 + α ⋅ mp − ⎛⎝2 ⋅ mp + 0.625 ⋅ ep⎞⎠ = 144.401

pattern
leff;cp;1;2;3 ≔ leff;cp;1 + leff;cp;2 + leff;cp;3 = 477.17

leff;nc;1;2;3 ≔ leff;nc;1 + leff;nc;2 + leff;nc;3 = 362
leff1;p;1;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1;2;3 , leff;nc;1;2;3⎞⎠ = 362.002 Effective length Mode 1

leff2;p;1;2;3 ≔ leff;nc;2;3 = 278.25 Effective length Mode 2
⎛ 2
leff;nc;1;2;3 ⋅ tp ⋅ fy;p ⎞
4 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ――――――⎟
⎝ γM0 ⎠
FT;Rd1 ≔ ―――――――――― = 289.92 Mode 1: Complete yielding flange
mp
⎛ 2
leff2;p;1;2;3 ⋅ tp ⋅ fy;p ⎞
2 ⋅ ⎜0.25 ⋅ ――――――⎟ + np ⋅ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd
⎝ γM0 ⎠
m p + np flange
Ft;ep;Rd;1;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝FT;Rd1 , FT;Rd2 , FT;Rd3⎞⎠ = 289.92 Design resistance T-stub row 1+2
+2
Summary
⎡ leff1;p;1 leff1;p;1;2 leff1;p;1;2;3 ⎤ ⎡ 184.37 278.25 362 ⎤
leff;p ≔ ⎢ 0 leff1;p;2 leff1;p;2;3 ⎥ = ⎢ 0 184.37 278.25 ⎥ Minimum of effective lengths
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 0 leff1;p;3 ⎦ ⎢⎣ 0 0 184.37 ⎥⎦
⎡ Ft;ep;Rd;1 Ft;ep;Rd;1;2 Ft;ep;Rd;1;2;3 ⎤ Design resistance of end-plate
Ft;ep;Rd ≔ ⎢ 0 Ft;ep;Rd;2 Ft;ep;Rd;2;3 ⎥ in bending + bolts in tension
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 0 Ft;ep;Rd;3 ⎦
⎡ 147.65 222.84 289.92 ⎤
Ft;ep;Rd = ⎢ 0 147.65 222.84 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 147.65 ⎦⎥
Beam
Beam flange and web in compression (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.7)
3
Wpl;y;b = 484.035 fy;b = 235 γM0 = 1 Data
hb = 270 tf;b = 10.2
Wpl;y;b ⋅ fy;b
Mc;fb;Rd ≔ ―――― = 113.75 ⋅ Design moment resistance of
γ beam cross-section
Mc;fb;RdM0
Fc;fb;Rd ≔ ――― = 437.83 Design compression resistance
hb − tf b of combined beam flange and

Fc;fb;Rd 437.83 Design compression resistance
hb − tf;b of combined beam flange and
web
Beam web in tension (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.8)
tw;b = 6.6 fy;b = 235 γM0 = 1 Data
⎡ 184.37 278.25 362 ⎤

beff;t;wb ≔ leff;p = ⎢ 0 184.37 278.25 ⎥ Effective width of beam web in
⎢⎣ 0 0 184.37 ⎥⎦ tension
⎡ 285.96 431.57 561.47 ⎤

beff;t;wb ⋅ tw;b ⋅ fy;b
Ft;wb;Rd ≔ ―――――― =⎢ 0 285.96 431.57 ⎥ Design tension resistance of
γM0 ⎢⎣ 0 0 285.96 ⎥⎦ combined beam web
Assembly of the components (EC3-1-8 §6.2.7.2)
Row 1
Ft;fc;Rd = 147.655 Column flange in bending
0,0
Ft;wc;Rd = 174.994 Column web in tension
0,0
Ft;ep;Rd = 147.655 Endplate in bending
0,0
Ft1;Rd ≔ min ⎛Ft;wc;Rd , Ft;fc;Rd , Ft;ep;Rd ⎞ = 147.65 (6)

0,0 0,0 0,0
⎝ ⎠
Vwp;Rd = 220.846 Column web in shear

Fc;wc;Rd = 216.176 Column web in compression
Fc;fb;Rd = 437.83 Beam web in compression
β=1
⎛ Vwp;Rd ⎞
Ft1;Rd;max ≔ min ⎜Ft1;Rd , ――― , Fc;wc;Rd , Fc;fb;Rd⎟ = 147.65 (7)
⎝ β ⎠
Ft1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝Ft1;Rd , Ft1;Rd;max⎞⎠ = 147.65 Effective design tension

resistance of row 1
Row 2
1,1
1,1
1,1
Ft;wb;Rd = 285.955 Beam web in tension
1,1
Ft2;Rd ≔ min ⎛Ft;wc;Rd , Ft;fc;Rd , Ft;ep;Rd , Ft;wb;Rd ⎞ = 147.655 (6)

1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1
⎝ ⎠

⎛ Vwp;Rd ⎞
Ft2;Rd;max ≔ min ⎜Ft1;Rd + Ft2;Rd , ――― , Fc;wc;Rd , Fc;fb;Rd⎟ − Ft1;Rd (7)
⎝ β ⎠
Ft2;Rd;max = 68.521
Ft2;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝Ft2;Rd , Ft2;Rd;max⎞⎠ = 68.52

Ft2;Rd min ⎝Ft2;Rd , Ft2;Rd;max⎠ 68.52
Row 3
2,2
2,2
2,2
Ft;wb;Rd = 285.955 Beam web in tension
2,2
Ft3;Rd ≔ min ⎛Ft;fc;Rd , Ft;wc;Rd , Ft;ep;Rd , Ft;wb;Rd ⎞ = 147.655 (6)

2,2 2,2 2,2 2,2
⎝ ⎠

⎛ Vwp;Rd ⎞
Ft3;Rd;max ≔ min ⎜Ft1;Rd + Ft2;Rd + Ft3;Rd , ――― , Fc;wc;Rd , Fc;fb;Rd⎟ − Ft1;Rd − Ft2;Rd (7)
⎝ β ⎠
Ft3;Rd;max = 0
Ft3;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝Ft3;Rd , Ft3;Rd;max⎞⎠ = 0
Moment Resistance
Ft;Rd ≔ ⎡⎣ Ft1;Rd Ft2;Rd Ft3;Rd ⎤⎦ = [ 147.65 68.52 0 ] Effective design tension

resistance of each row
⎡ 203.1 ⎤
z = ⎢ 129.9 ⎥ Level arm
⎢⎣ 56.7 ⎥⎦
Mj;Rd ≔ Ft;Rd ⋅ z = 38.89 ⋅ Design mooment

resistance

Component stiffness calculation
Column
Column web in compression (§6.3 Table 6.10 and 6.11)
beff;c;wc = 177.271 tw;c = 6.5 dwc = 134 Data
0.7 ⋅ beff;c;wc ⋅ tw;c

k2 ≔ ―――――― = 6.02 Stiffness coefficient column web
dwc in compression
Column web in tension (§6.3 Table 6.10 and 6.11)
beff;t;wc;1 ≔ leff1;c;1 = 129.748 tw;c = 6.5 dwc = 134 Data

beff;t;wc;2 ≔ leff1;c;2 = 129.748
0.7 ⋅ beff;t;wc;1 ⋅ tw;c

k3;1 ≔ ―――――― = 4.41 Stiffness coefficient column web
dwc in tension row 1
0.7 ⋅ beff;t;wc;2 ⋅ tw;c
k3;2 ≔ ―――――― = 4.41 Stiffness coefficient column web
dwc in tension row 2
Column flange in bending (§6.3 Table 6.10 and 6.11)
leff1;c;1 = 129.748 tf;c = 10 mc = 20.65 Data

leff1;c;2 = 129.748
3
0.9 ⋅ leff1;c;1 ⋅ tf;c
k4;1 ≔ ―――――― = 13.26 Stiffness coefficient column
3
mc flange in bending row 1
3
0.9 ⋅ leff1;c;2 ⋅ tf;c
k4;2 ≔ ―――――― = 13.26 Stiffness coefficient column
3
mc flange in bending row 2
Endplate
End plate in bending (§6.3 Table 6.10 and 6.11)
leff1;p;1 = 184.368 tp = 10 mp = 29.343 Data

leff1;p;2 = 184.368
3
0.9 ⋅ leff1;p;1 ⋅ tp
k5;1 ≔ ――――― = 6.57 Stiffness coefficient end-plate in
3
mp bending row 1
3
0.9 ⋅ leff1;p;2 ⋅ tp
k5;2 ≔ ――――― = 6.57 Stiffness coefficient end-plate in
3
mp bending row 2
Bolts
Bolts in tension (§6.3 Table 6.10 and 6.11)
2
Anet;bolts = 245 Data
Lb ≔ tf;c + tp + 0.5 ⋅ ⎛⎝thead + tnut⎞⎠ = 32.5
Anet;bolts
k10 ≔ 1.6 ⋅ ―――= 12.06 Stiffness coefficient bolts in
Lb tension
keq (§6.3.3.1)

k3;1 = 4.406 k4;1 = 13.261 k5;1 = 6.568 Data

k3;2 = 4.406 k5;2 = 6.568
k10 = 12.062 z = 203.1 z = 129.9
0 1
1
keff;1 ≔ ―――――――― = 1.86 Effective stiffness coefficient
1 1 1 1 row 1
―― + ―― + ―― + ――
k3;1 k4;1 k5;1 k10
1
keff;2 ≔ ―――――――― = 1.86 Effective stiffness coefficient
1 1 1 1 row 2
―― + ―― + ―― + ――
k3;2 k4;2 k5;2 k10
2 2
keff;1 ⋅ z + keff;2 ⋅ z
0 1
zeq ≔ ―――――――= 174.545 Equivalent level arm
0 1
0 1
keq ≔ ――――――= 3.549 Equivalent stiffness coefficient
zeq
Column web in shear (§6.3 Table 6.10 and 6.11)
2
Av;c = 1808.589 β=1 zeq = 174.545 Data
0.38 ⋅ Av;c
k1 ≔ ―――― = 3.94 Stiffness coefficient column web
β ⋅ zeq in shear
Rotational stiffness (§6.3.1)

μini ≔ 1
2
E ⋅ zeq ⋅
Sj;ini ≔ ―――――――= 9115.445 ――― Initial rotational stiffness
⎛ 1 1 1 ⎞
μini ⋅ ―+ ―+ ――
⎜k k k ⎟
⎝ 1 2 eq ⎠
Sj;ini ⋅
Sj ≔ ――= 4557.722 ――― Rotational stiffness
2

Summary & Comparaison with PowerConnect
PowerConnect version: 2014

Bolts
Bolts in shear
Fv;bolts;Rd = 564.48
⎛ Ft;Rd ⎞
Fv;bolts;Rd ≔ ∑ Bv;Rd;row ⋅ ⎜1 − ――――― ⎟ = 461.54
⎝ 1.4 ⋅ Bt;Rd;row ⎠
Bolts in tension
Ft;bolts;Rd = 846.72
Welds
Welds in tension
Ft;w;Rd = 1153.15
Welds in shear
Fv;w;Rd = 456.43
Column
Column web in shear
Vwp;Rd = 220.85
Column web in transverse compression

Fc;wc;Rd = 216.18
Column flange in bending

⎡ 147.65 255.9 339.2 ⎤
Ft;fc;Rd = ⎢ 0 147.65 265.07 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 147.65 ⎥⎦
Column web in transverse tension

⎡ 174.99 252.6 288.43 ⎤
Ft;wc;Rd = ⎢ 0 174.99 257.37 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 174.99 ⎥⎦
Endplate
Endplate in bending
⎡ 147.65 222.84 289.92 ⎤
Ft;ep;Rd = ⎢ 0 147.65 222.84 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 147.65 ⎦⎥
Beam
Beam flange and web in compression
Fc;fb;Rd = 437.83
Beam web in tension

⎡ 285.96 431.57 561.47 ⎤

Ft;wb;Rd = ⎢ 0 285.96 431.57 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 285.96 ⎦⎥
Moment
Mj;Rd = 38.89
――→ T
Ft;Rd ⋅ z = [ 29.99 8.9 0 ]

BEAM TO BEAM WEB
WITH FIN PLATE
Example 2
SHEAR CONNECTION - EUROCODE
Beam to Beam Web with Fin Plate - Shear Connection - Eurocode
Eucocode - SC - Beam to Beam Web with Fin Plate

Reference documents
- Eurocode EN1993-1-8: 2005+AC:2009 (EC) ≔ 1000
- ECCS European Recommandations for the Design of Simple Joints in Steel Structures (ECCS)
Data
Geometry
Grider IPE 270 Beam IPE 270
hg ≔ 270 Height hb ≔ 270 Height
tf;g ≔ 10.2 Flange thickness tf;b ≔ 10.2 Flange thickness
bg ≔ 135 Width bb ≔ 135 Width
tw;g ≔ 6.6 Web thickness tw;b ≔ 6.6 Web thickness
rg ≔ 15 Web thickness rb ≔ 15 Web thickness
2 2
Ag ≔ 45.9482459 Area Ab ≔ 45.9482459 Section surface
3 3
Wpl;y;g ≔ 428.907 Plastic section modulus Wel;y;b ≔ 428.907 Elastic section modulus
4 4
Iy;g ≔ 5790.2436 Area moment of inertia Iy;b ≔ 5790.2436 Area moment of inertia
Fin plate Bolts M20

hp ≔ 210 Height dbolts ≔ 20 Diameter
tp ≔ 6 Thickness d0;bolts ≔ 22 Diameter hole
2
bp ≔ 150 Width Anet;bolts ≔ 245 Net surface bolt
up1 ≔ 30 Upper offset thead ≔ 30 Bolt head
up2 ≔ 30 Lower offset tnut ≔ 13 Nut
nbolts ≔ 2 Total bolts
Welds z ≔ 110 Level arm
aw ≔ 5 Welds beam web ϕreq ≔ 0
Lw ≔ 420 Length beam web gh ≔ 70
Material
E ≔ 210000
Column Beam
Fin plate Bolts

fy;p ≔ 235 Yield strength fy;bolts ≔ 640 Yield strength
fu;p ≔ 360 Tensile strength fu;bolts ≔ 800 Tensile strength


γMu ≔ 1.1 Tying force resistance
Bolt positions
n1 ≔ 2 Number of bolt rows in load transfer
n2 ≔ 1 Number of bolt rows perpendicular to load transfer
p1;1.2 ≔ 110 Vertical distance bolts rows 1 & 2
e1;p;t ≔ 50 Vertical distance of bolts to top fin plate border
e1;p;b ≔ 50 Vertical distance of bolts to bottom fin plate border
e1;b;t ≔ e1;p;t + up1 = 80 Vertical distance of top bolts to beam border
e1;b;b ≔ e1;p;b + up2 = 80 Vertical distance of bottom bolts to beam border
p2;1.2 ≔ 0 Horizontal distance vertical bolts 1 & 2

e2;p;l ≔ 110 Horizontal distance of bolts to left fin plate border
e2;p;r ≔ 40 Horizontal distance of bolts to right fin plate border
e2;b;l ≔ 40 Horizontal distance of left bolts to beam border
e2;b;r ≔ 1000 Horizontal distance of right bolts to beam border
Girder
dc ≔ hg − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;g + rg⎞⎠ = 219.6
2
Av;c ≔ Ag − 2 ⋅ bg ⋅ tf;g + ⎛⎝tw;g + 2 ⋅ rg⎞⎠ ⋅ tf;g = 2214.145 Shear area
Bolts
n1 2 1 2 2 2
I ≔ ― ⋅ p2;1.2 + ―⋅ n1 ⋅ ⎛⎝n1 − 1⎞⎠ ⋅ p1;1.2 = 12100 Moment of inertia of bolt
2 6 group
p2;1.2
zp ≔ z − ――= 110
2
Welds
fu ≔ min ⎛⎝fu;c , fu;b , fu;p⎞⎠ = 360
fy ≔ min ⎛⎝fy;c , fy;b , fy;p⎞⎠ = 235
βw ≔ if fy ≥ 420 | = 0.8
‖1 |
‖ |
else if fy ≥ 355 |
‖ 0.9 |
‖
|
‖ 0.85 |
‖
else |
‖ 0.8 |
‖ |

Requirements
db ≔ hb − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;b + rb⎞⎠ = 219.6
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 |
2 ⎛ hp ⎞ | = 0.61
ϕavail ≔ if z > ⎛⎝z − gh⎞⎠ + ⎜― + up2⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ |
‖2⋅ ⋅ |
‖ |
else |
‖ ⎛ z − gh ⎞ |
⎛ z ⎞
‖ asin ―――――――― − atan ⎜―――⎟ |
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 ⎟ hp
‖
⎜ 2 ⎛ hp ⎞ ⎟ ⎜― + up2 ⎟ |
‖ ⎛
⎝ z − g ⎞
⎠ + ― + u ⎝ 2 ⎠|
⎜⎝ h ⎜ p2⎟ ⎟
‖‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠ |
Rotational
rot1 ≔ ⎛⎝hp ≤ db , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” rot1 = “Ok”
rot2 ≔ ⎛⎝ϕreq < ϕavail , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” rot2 = “Ok”
Ductility
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
fy;p dbolts ⎞
duc1a ≔ ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― ≤ ――, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok”
⎝ fu;bolts tp ⎠
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
fy;c dbolts ⎞
duc1b ≔ ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― ≤ ――, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok”
⎝ fu;bolts tw;g ⎠
duc1 ≔ ⎛⎝duc1a ＝ “Ok” ∨ duc1b ＝ “Ok” , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” duc1 = “Ok”
⎛ βw fy;p γM2 ⎞
duc2 ≔ ⎜―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ tp ≤ aw , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” duc2 = “Ok”
fu;p γM0
⎝ ‾‾
2 ⎠

Components to check (ECCS §6.3.3)

Bolts in
Shear
Fin plate in
Bearing
Shear - gross section
Shear - net section
Shear - block
Bending
Buckling
Beam web in
Bearing
Shear - net section
Shear - block
Bolts
Bolts in shear
αv ⋅ Anet;bolts ⋅ fu;bolts
Fv;Rd1 ≔ ―――――― = 94.08
γM2
VRd1 ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 | = 84.15
‖ |
nbolts ⋅ Fv;Rd1
‖ ――――――――― |
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 |
⎛ 6⋅z ⎞ |
‖ 1 + ――――――
⎜ ⎛n ⎟
‖‖ ⎝ ⎝ bolts + 1⎞⎠ ⋅ p1;1.2 ⎠ |
else if n2 ＝ 2 |
|
‖ Fv;Rd1 |
‖ ――――――――――――――
2 |
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ z ⋅ p2;1.2 1 ⎞ ⎛ z ⋅ p1;1.2 ⎞ |
‖ + ――⎟ + ⎜―――⎛⎝n1 − 1⎞⎠⎟
⎜―――
‖‖ ⎝ 2 ⋅ I nbolts ⎠ ⎝ 2⋅I ⎠ |
Fin plate
Fin plate in bearing
α2 ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 |=0 β2 ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 |=1
‖0 | ‖ |
‖ 6⋅z
| ‖ ―――――――― |
else if n2 ＝ 2| ‖ p1;1.2 ⋅ nbolts ⋅ ⎛⎝nbolts + 1⎞⎠ |
‖
z p2;1.2 | else if n2 ＝ 2 |
‖ ―⋅ ――| |
‖
‖I 2 | z n1 − 1
‖ ―⋅ ――― ⋅ p1;1.2 |
‖I 2 |
⎛ min ⎛⎝e1;p;t , e1;p;b⎞⎠ p1;1.2 1 fu;bolts ⎞

αb;p;ver ≔ min ⎜―――――― , ―――− ―, ――― , 1⎟ = 0.76
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;p ⎠
⎛ min ⎛⎝e2;p;l , e2;p;r⎞⎠ ⎞

k1;p;ver ≔ min ⎜2.8 ⋅ ―――――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = 2.5
⎝ d0;bolts ⎠

⎛ ⎛ p2;1.2 ⎞ ⎞
k1;p;ver ≔ ⎜p2;1.2 > 0 , min ⎜k1;p;ver , 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7⎟ , k1;p;ver⎟ = 2.5
⎝ ⎝ d0;bolts ⎠ ⎠
k1;p;ver ⋅ αb;p;ver ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tp ⋅ fu;p

Fb;ver;Rd2 ≔ ―――――――――= 65.45
γM2
⎛ min ⎛⎝e2;p;l , e2;p;r⎞⎠ fu;bolts ⎞

αb;p;hor ≔ min ⎜―――――― , ――― , 1⎟ = 0.61
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts fu;p ⎠
⎛ ⎛ p2;1.2 1⎞ ⎞
αb;p;hor ≔ ⎜p2;1.2 > 0 , min ⎜αb;p;hor , ―――− ― ⎟ , αb;p;hor⎟ = 0.61
⎝ ⎝ 3 ⋅ d 0;bolts 4 ⎠ ⎠
⎛ min ⎛⎝e1;p;t , e1;p;b⎞⎠ p1;1.2 ⎞

k1;p;hor ≔ min ⎜2.8 ⋅ ―――――― − 1.7 , 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = 2.5
⎝ d0;bolts d0;bolts ⎠
k1;p;hor ⋅ αb;p;hor ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tp ⋅ fu;p

Fb;hor;Rd2 ≔ ―――――――――= 52.36
γM2
1
VRd2 ≔ ――――――――――― = 48.62
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ 1 ⎞
+ α2
⎜ ――
nbolts ⎟ ⎛ β2 ⎞
2
⎜―――― ⎟ + ⎜―――⎟
⎝ Fb;ver;Rd2 ⎠ ⎝ Fb;hor;Rd2 ⎠
Fin plate in shear

Gross section
2
Av;p ≔ hp ⋅ tp = 1260
Av;p ⋅ fy;p
VRd3 ≔ ―――――= 134.61
1.27 ⋅ ‾‾3 ⋅ γM0
Net section
2
Av;net;p ≔ ⎛⎝hp − n1 ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ ⋅ tp = 996
Av;net;p ⋅ fu;p
VRd4 ≔ ――――= 165.61
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2
Block shear
2
Ant;p ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 | = 174
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞
‖ tp ⋅ ⎜min ⎛⎝e2;p;l , e2;p;r⎞⎠ − ――― |
⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ |
else if n2 ＝ 2 |
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ |
‖ tp ⋅ ⎜p2;1.2 + min ⎛⎝e2;p;l , e2;p;r⎞⎠ − 3 ⋅ ――― ⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠|
2
Anv;p ≔ tp ⋅ ⎛⎝hp − max ⎛⎝e1;p;t , e1;p;b⎞⎠ − ⎛⎝n1 − 0.5⎞⎠ ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ = 762
fu;p ⋅ Ant;p 1 Anv;p

Feff;2;Rd ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ―――― + ―― fy;p ⋅ ――= 128.44
γM2 ‾‾ γM0
3
VRd5 ≔ Feff;2;Rd = 128.44
l b d
Fin plate in bending

2
tp ⋅ hp 3
Wel;p ≔ ――― = 44100
6
Wel;p fy;p
VRd6 ≔ ――⋅ ―― = 94.21
z γM0
Fin plate in buckling

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
zp ⋅ hp
λLT;p ≔ 2.8 ⋅ ――― = 57.91 fpLT ≔ 235
2
1.5 ⋅ tp
tp |
VRd7 ≔ if zp > ―― | = 94.21
0.15
|
‖ ⎛ Wel;p fpLT Wel;p fy;p ⎞ |
‖ min ⎜――⋅ ―――, ――⋅ ―― ⎟
‖‖ ⎝ z 0.6 ⋅ γM1 zp γM0 ⎠ |
|
else |
‖V
‖ Rd6 |
Beam web
Beam web in bearing
α8 ≔ α2 = 0
β8 ≔ β2 = 1
⎛ min ⎛⎝e1;b;t , e1;b;b⎞⎠ p1;1.2 1 fu;bolts ⎞

αb;b;ver ≔ min ⎜―――――― , ―――− ―, ――― , 1⎟ = 1 e1;b;t = 80
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;b ⎠ e1;b;b = 80
⎛ min ⎛⎝e2;b;l , e2;b;r⎞⎠ ⎞

k1;b;ver ≔ min ⎜2.8 ⋅ ―――――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = 2.5 e2;b;l = 40
⎝ d0;bolts ⎠ e2;b;r = 1000
⎛ ⎛ p2;1.2 ⎞ ⎞
k1;b;ver ≔ ⎜p2;1.2 > 0 , min ⎜k1;b;ver , 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7⎟ , k1;b;ver⎟ = 2.5 p1;1.2 = 110
⎝ ⎝ d0;bolts ⎠ ⎠
k1;b;ver ⋅ αb;b;ver ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tw;b ⋅ fu;b

Fb;ver;Rd8 ≔ ―――――――――― = 95.04
γM2
⎛ min ⎛⎝e2;b;l , e2;b;r⎞⎠ fu;bolts ⎞

αb;b;hor ≔ min ⎜―――――― , ――― , 1⎟ = 0.61
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts fu;b ⎠
⎛ ⎛ p2;1.2 1⎞ ⎞
αb;b;hor ≔ ⎜p2;1.2 > 0 , min ⎜αb;b;hor , ―――− ― ⎟ , αb;b;hor⎟ = 0.61
⎝ ⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 ⎠ ⎠
⎛ min ⎝⎛e1;b;t , e1;b;b⎠⎞ p1;1.2 ⎞

k1;b;hor ≔ min ⎜2.8 ⋅ ―――――― − 1.7 , 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = 2.5
k1;b;hor ⋅ αb;b;hor ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tw;b ⋅ fu;b

Fb;hor;Rd8 ≔ ―――――――――― = 57.6
γM2
1
VRd8 ≔ ――――――――――― = 55.12
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ 1 ⎞
+ α8
⎜ ――
nbolts ⎟ ⎛ β8 ⎞
2
⎜―――― ⎟ + ⎜―――⎟
⎝ Fb;ver;Rd8 ⎠ ⎝ Fb;hor;Rd8 ⎠

Beam web in shear
Gross section
2
Av;b ≔ Ab − 2 ⋅ bb ⋅ tf;b + ⎛⎝tw;b + 2 ⋅ rb⎞⎠ ⋅ tf;b = 2214.145
Av;b ⋅ fy;b
VRd9 ≔ ―――= 300.41
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM0
Net section
2
Av;net;b ≔ Av;b − n1 ⋅ d0;bolts ⋅ tw;b = 1923.74
Av;net;b ⋅ fu;b
VRd10 ≔ ――――= 319.87
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2
Block shear
2
Ant;b ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 | = 191.4
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞
‖ tw;b ⋅ ⎜min ⎛⎝e2;b;l , e2;b;r⎞⎠ − ――― |
⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ |
else if n2 ＝ 2 |
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ |
‖ tw;b ⋅ ⎜p2;1.2 + min ⎛⎝e2;b;l , e2;b;r⎞⎠ − 3 ⋅ ――― ⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠|
2
Anv;b ≔ tw;b ⋅ ⎛⎝min ⎛⎝e1;b;t , e1;b;b⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝n1 − 1⎞⎠ ⋅ p1;1.2 − ⎛⎝n1 − 0.5⎞⎠ ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ = 1036.2
fu;b ⋅ Ant;b 1 Anv;b

Feff;2;Rd ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ―――― + ―― fy;b ⋅ ――= 168.15
γM2 ‾‾ γM0
3
VRd11 ≔ Feff;2;Rd = 168.15
Welds
Welds in shear (EC3-1-8 §5.4.3)
2
Aw;s ≔ aw ⋅ Lw = 2100
fu
fvw;s;d ≔ ――――― = 207.85
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2 ⋅ βw
VRd12 ≔ Aw;s ⋅ fvw;s;d = 436.48
Joint shear resistance

VRd1 = 84.15 VRd4 = 165.61 VRd7 = 94.21 VRd10 = 319.87
VRd2 = 48.62 VRd5 = 128.44 VRd8 = 55.12 VRd11 = 168.15
VRd3 = 134.61 VRd6 = 94.21 VRd9 = 300.41 VRd12 = 436.48
VRd ≔ min ⎛⎝VRd1 , VRd2 , VRd3 , VRd4 , VRd5 , VRd6 , VRd7 , VRd8 , VRd9 , VRd10 , VRd11⎞⎠ = 48.62

Bolts
Bolts in shear
VRd1 = 84.15
Fin Plate
VRd2 = 48.62
Fin plate in shear

VRd4 = 165.61
VRd3 = 134.61
VRd5 = 128.44

VRd6 = 94.21

VRd7 = 94.21
Beam web
Beam web in bearing
VRd8 = 55.12
Beam web in shear

VRd9 = 300.41
VRd10 = 319.87
VRd11 = 168.15
VRd = 48.62

BEAM TO COLUMN FLANGE
WITH FIN PLATE
Example 3
Beam to Column Flange with Fin Plate - Shear Connection - Eurocode
1000
Eucocode - SC - Beam to column flange with fin plate
Reference documents
- Eurocode EN1993-1-8: 2005+AC:2009 (EC)
Data
Geometry
Column HEB 400 Beam IPE 500
hc ≔ 400 Height hb ≔ 500 Height
tf;c ≔ 24 Flange thickness tf;b ≔ 16 Flange thickness
bc ≔ 300 Width bb ≔ 200 Width
tw;c ≔ 13.5 Web thickness tw;b ≔ 10.2 Web thickness
rc ≔ 27 Web thickness rb ≔ 21 Web thickness
2 2
Ac ≔ 197.78825 Section surface Ab ≔ 115.527906 Section surface
3 3
Wpl;y;c ≔ 3231.912 Plastic section modulus Wel;y;b ≔ 192.8071 Plastic section modulus
4 4
Iy;c ≔ 57683.4223 Area moment of inertia Iy;b ≔ 48201.7809 Area moment of inertia
Fin plate Bolts M18

hp ≔ 415 Height dbolts ≔ 22 Diameter
tp ≔ 15 Thickness d0;bolts ≔ 24 Diameter hole
2
up1 ≔ 42.5 Upper offset thead ≔ 14 Bolt head
up2 ≔ 42.5 Lower offset tnut ≔ 14 Nut
Welds
af ≔ 7 Welds beam flange gh ≔ 10
Bolt positions
n1 ≔ 4 Number of bolt rows in load transfer
n2 ≔ 3 Number of bolt rows perpendicular to load transfer
p1;1.2 ≔ 111.67 Vertical distance bolts rows 1 & 2
e1;p;t ≔ 40 Vertical distance of bolts to top fin plate border
e1;p;b ≔ 40 Vertical distance of bolts to bottom fin plate border
e1;b;t ≔ e1;p;t + up1 = 82.5 Vertical distance of top bolts to beam border
e1;b;b ≔ e1;p;b + up2 = 82.5 Vertical distance of bottom bolts to beam border


e2;p;l ≔ 50 Horizontal distance of bolts to left fin plate border
e2;p;r ≔ 40 Horizontal distance of bolts to right fin plate border
e2;b;l ≔ 40 Horizontal distance of left bolts to beam border
e2;b;r ≔ 1000 Horizontal distance of right bolts to beam border
Material
E ≔ 210000
Column Beam
Fin plate Bolts


Column
dc ≔ hc − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;c + rc⎞⎠ = 298
2
Av;c ≔ Ac − 2 ⋅ bc ⋅ tf;c + ⎛⎝tw;c + 2 ⋅ rc⎞⎠ ⋅ tf;c = 6998.825 Shear area
Bolts
p1 ≔ ⎡⎣ p1;1.2 p1;2.3 p1;3.4 ⎤⎦
p2 ≔ ⎡⎣ p2;1.2 p2;2.3 ⎤⎦
x'bolts ≔ ⎡⎣ e2;p;l e2;p;l + p2;1.2 e2;p;l + p2;1.2 + p2;2.3 ⎤⎦

x'bolts = [ 50 130 210 ]
y'bolts ≔ ⎡⎣ e1;p;b + p1;3.4 + p1;2.3 + p1;1.2 e1;p;b + p1;3.4 + p1;2.3 e1;p;b + p1;3.4 e1;p;b ⎤⎦
y'bolts = [ 375.01 263.34 151.67 40 ]
∑ x'bolts ∑ y'bolts
COGbolts;x ≔ ―――= 130 COGbolts;y ≔ ―――= 207.51
n2 n1
xbolts ≔ x'bolts − COGbolts;x ybolts ≔ y'bolts − COGbolts;y Bolt positions

xbolts = [ −80 0 80 ] ybolts = [ 167.51 55.84 −55.84 −167.51 ]
T T 2
I ≔ n1 ⋅ xbolts ⋅ xbolts + n2 ⋅ ybolts ⋅ ybolts = 238252.83 Moment of inertia of bolt
group
z ≔ COGbolts;x = 130
zp ≔ e2;p;l = 50

⎡ −80 0 80 ⎤ ⎡ 167.51 167.51 167.51 ⎤

⎢ −80 0 80 ⎥ ⎢ 55.84 55.84 55.84 ⎥
xbolt = ⎢ ybolt = ⎢
−80 0 80 ⎥ −55.84 −55.84 −55.84 ⎥
⎢⎣ −80 0 80 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ −167.51 −167.51 −167.51 ⎥⎦
Welds
fu ≔ min ⎛⎝fu;c , fu;b , fu;p⎞⎠ = 360
fy ≔ min ⎛⎝fy;c , fy;b , fy;p⎞⎠ = 235
βw ≔ if fy ≥ 420 | = 0.8
‖1 |
‖ |
‖ 0.9 |
‖
|
‖ 0.85 |
‖
else |
‖ 0.8 |
‖ |
Requirements
db ≔ hb − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;b + rb⎞⎠ = 426
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 |
2 ⎛ hp ⎞ | = 0.04
ϕavail ≔ if z > ⎛⎝z − gh⎞⎠ + ⎜― + up2⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ |
‖2⋅ ⋅ |
‖ |
else |
‖ ⎛ z − gh ⎞ |
⎛ z ⎞
‖ asin ―――――――― − atan ⎜―――⎟ |
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 ⎟ hp
‖
⎜ 2 ⎛ hp ⎞ ⎟ ⎜― + up2 ⎟ |
‖ ⎛ z − g ⎞ + + u ⎠|
⎜ ⎝ h⎠ ⎜― p2⎟ ⎟ ⎝ 2
‖‖ ⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠ |
Rotational
rot2 ≔ ⎛⎝ϕreq < ϕavail , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” rot2 = “Ok”
Ductility
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
fy;p dbolts ⎞
duc1a ≔ ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― ≤ ――, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Not ok”
⎝ fu;bolts tp ⎠
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
fy;c dbolts ⎞
duc1b ≔ ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― ≤ ――, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok”
⎝ fu;bolts tw;c ⎠
⎛ βw fy;p γM2 ⎞
duc2 ≔ ⎜―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ tp ≤ aw , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” duc2 = “Ok”
fu;p γM0
⎝ ‾‾
2 ⎠


Bolts in
Shear
Fin plate in
Bearing
Shear - net section
Shear - block
Bending
Buckling
Beam web in
Bearing
Shear - net section
Shear - block
Bolts
Bolts in shear
Fv;Rd1 ≔ ―――――― = 116.35
γM2
――――――――――――――→ ⎡ 743.67 1273.04 743.67 ⎤

Fv;Rd1 ⎢ 890.99 3819.11 890.99 ⎥
VRd1;bolts ≔ ――――――――――――――= ⎢
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 890.99 3819.11 890.99 ⎥
⎛ z ⋅ ybolt ⎞ ⎛ z ⋅ xbolt 1 ⎞ ⎢⎣ 743.67 1273.04 743.67 ⎥⎦
⎜――― ⎟ + ⎜――― + sign ⎛⎝xbolt⎞⎠ ――⎟
⎝ I ⎠ ⎝ I nbolts ⎠
VRd1 ≔ min ⎛⎝VRd1;bolts⎞⎠ = 743.67
Fin plate
Min2 (a , b)) ≔ min (a , b))

Min3 (a , b , c)) ≔ min (a , b , c))
p1;p ≔ augment ⎛⎝e1;p;t , p1 , e1;p;b⎞⎠ = [ 40 111.67 111.67 111.67 40 ]

p2;p ≔ augment ⎛⎝e2;p;l , p2 , e2;p;r⎞⎠ = [ 50 80 80 40 ]
⎡ 50 80 80 ⎤ ⎡ 111.67 40 40 ⎤
⎢ 50 80 80 ⎥ ⎢ 111.67 111.67 111.67 ⎥
Hbear;p = ⎢ Vbear;p = ⎢ Bearing distances
80 80 40 ⎥ 111.67 111.67 111.67 ⎥
⎢⎣ 80 80 40 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 40 111.67 111.67 ⎦⎥
⎡0 1 1⎤ ⎡1 0 0⎤
⎢0 1 1⎥ ⎢1 1 1⎥

⎢0 1 1⎥ ⎢1 1 1⎥
HIB = ⎢ VIB = ⎢ Inner bolt check
1 1 0⎥ 1 1 1⎥
⎢⎣ 1 1 0 ⎦⎥ ⎢⎣ 0 1 1 ⎦⎥
―――――――――――→ ⎡ 1 0.56 0.56 ⎤

⎛ Vbear;p 1 fu;bolts ⎞ ⎢ 1 1 1 ⎥
αb;p;ver ≔ Min3 ⎜―――− VIB ⋅ ―, ――― , 1⎟ = ⎢ ⎥
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;p ⎠ 1 1 1
⎣⎢ 0.56 1 1 ⎥⎦
――――――――――――→ ⎡ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎤

⎛ Vbear;p ⎞ ⎢ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
k1;p;ver ≔ Min2 ⎜⎛⎝2 − VIB⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = ⎢
⎝ d ⎠ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
0;bolts
⎢⎣ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥⎦
―――――――――→ ⎡ 237.6 132 132 ⎤

k1;p;ver ⋅ αb;p;ver ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tp ⋅ fu;p ⎢ 237.6 237.6 237.6 ⎥
Fb;ver;Rd2 ≔ ―――――――――= ⎢
γM2 237.6 237.6 237.6 ⎥
⎢⎣ 132 237.6 237.6 ⎥⎦
―――――――――――→ ⎡ 0.69 0.86 0.86 ⎤

⎛ Hbear;p 1 fu;bolts ⎞ ⎢ 0.69 0.86 0.86 ⎥
αb;p;hor ≔ Min3 ⎜―――− HIB ⋅ ―, ――― , 1⎟ = ⎢
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;p ⎠ 0.86 0.86 0.56 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0.86 0.86 0.56 ⎥⎦
――――――――――――→ ⎡ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎤

⎛ Hbear;p ⎞ ⎢ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
k1;p;hor ≔ Min2 ⎜⎛⎝2 − HIB⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = ⎢
⎝ d0;bolts ⎠ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
⎢⎣ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥⎦
―――――――――→ ⎡ 165 204.6 204.6 ⎤

k1;p;hor ⋅ αb;p;hor ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tp ⋅ fu;p ⎢ 165 204.6 204.6 ⎥
Fb;hor;Rd2 ≔ ―――――――――= ⎢
γM2 204.6 204.6 132 ⎥
⎢⎣ 204.6 204.6 132 ⎥⎦
⎡ 1299.18 2238.58 942.81 ⎤

―――――――――――――――→
1 ⎢ 1768.53 6715.74 1802.44 ⎥
VRd2;bolts ≔ ――――――――――――――― = ⎢
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 1802.44 6715.74 1717.76 ⎥
⎛ z ⋅ ybolt ⎞ ⎛ z ⋅ xbolt 1 ⎞ ⎢⎣ 942.81 2238.58 1143.28 ⎥⎦
⎜ ――― + sign ⎛⎝xbolt⎞⎠ ――⎟
⎜ ――― ⎟ I nbolts
I ⎜ ⎟
⎜―――⎟ + ―――――――――
⎝ Fb;hor;Rd2 ⎠ ⎝ Fb;ver;Rd2 ⎠
Fin plate in shear

Gross section
2
Av;p ≔ hp ⋅ tp = 6225
Av;p ⋅ fy;p
VRd3 ≔ ―――――= 665.03
1.27 ⋅ ‾‾3 ⋅ γM0
Net section
2
Av;net;p ≔ ⎛⎝hp − n1 ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ ⋅ tp = 4785
Av;net;p ⋅ fu;p
VRd4 ≔ ――――= 795.63
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2
Block shear
2
|
Block shear
2
Ant;p ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 | = 2100
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞
‖ tp ⋅ ⎜e2;p;r − ――― |
⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ |
else if n2 ＝ 2 |
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ |
‖ tp ⋅ ⎜p2;1.2 + e2;p;r − 3 ⋅ ――― ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ |
‖
|
else if n2 ＝ 3
|
‖ ⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ |
‖ tp ⋅ ⎜p2;1.2 + p2;2.3 + e2;p;r − ⎛⎝2 n2 − 1⎞⎠ ⋅ ――― ⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠|
2
Anv;p ≔ tp ⋅ ⎛⎝hp − max ⎛⎝e1;p;t , e1;p;b⎞⎠ − ⎛⎝n1 − 0.5⎞⎠ ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ = 4365

Feff;2;Rd ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ―――― + ―― fy;p ⋅ ――= 894.63
γM2 ‾‾ γM0
3
VRd5 ≔ Feff;2;Rd = 894.63

2
tp ⋅ hp 3
Wel;p ≔ ――― = 430562.5
6
Wel;p fy;p
VRd6 ≔ ――⋅ ―― = 778.32
z γM0

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
zp ⋅ hp
λLT;p ≔ 2.8 ⋅ ――― = 21.95 fpLT ≔ 235
2
1.5 ⋅ tp
tp |
VRd7 ≔ if zp > ―― | = 778.32
0.15
|
‖ ⎛ Wel;p fpLT Wel;p fy;p ⎞ |
‖ min ⎜――⋅ ―――, ――⋅ ―― ⎟
‖‖ ⎝ z 0.6 ⋅ γM1 zp γM0 ⎠ |
|
else |
‖V
‖ Rd6 |
⎛ Wel;p fpLT Wel;p fy;p ⎞

VRd7 ≔ min ⎜――⋅ ―――, ――⋅ ―― ⎟ = 1297.21
⎝ z 0.6 ⋅ γM1 zp γM0 ⎠
Beam web
Beam web in bearing
p1;b ≔ augment ⎛⎝e1;b;t , p1 , e1;b;b⎞⎠ = [ 82.5 111.67 111.67 111.67 82.5 ]
p2;b ≔ augment ⎛⎝e2;b;l , p2 , e2;b;r⎞⎠ = [ 40 80 80 1000 ]
⎡ 40 80 80 ⎤ ⎡ 111.67 82.5 82.5 ⎤

⎢ 40 80 80 ⎥ ⎢ 111.67 111.67 111.67 ⎥
Hbear;b = ⎢ Vbear;b = ⎢
80 80 1000 ⎥ 111.67 111.67 111.67 ⎥
⎢⎣ 80 80 1000 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 82.5 111.67 111.67 ⎥⎦
―――――――――――→ ⎡ 1 1 1⎤
⎛ Vbear;b 1 fu;bolts ⎞ ⎢ 1 1 1⎥
αb;b;ver ≔ Min3 ⎜―――− VIB ⋅ ―, ――― , 1⎟ = ⎢
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;b ⎠ 1 1 1⎥
⎣⎢ 1 1 1 ⎥⎦
⎡2 5 2 5 2 5⎤

――――――――――――→ ⎡ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎤

⎛ Vbear;b ⎞ ⎢ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
k1;b;ver ≔ Min2 ⎜⎛⎝2 − VIB⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = ⎢
⎝ d0;bolts ⎠ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
⎢⎣ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥⎦
―――――――――→ ⎡ 161.57 161.57 161.57 ⎤

k1;b;ver ⋅ αb;b;ver ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tw;b ⋅ fu;b ⎢ 161.57 161.57 161.57 ⎥
Fb;ver;Rd8 ≔ ―――――――――― =⎢
γM2 161.57 161.57 161.57 ⎥
⎢⎣ 161.57 161.57 161.57 ⎥⎦
―――――――――――→ ⎡ 0.56 0.86 0.86 ⎤

⎛ Hbear;b 1 fu;bolts ⎞ ⎢ 0.56 0.86 0.86 ⎥
αb;b;hor ≔ Min3 ⎜―――− HIB ⋅ ―, ――― , 1⎟ = ⎢ ⎥
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;b ⎠ 0.86 0.86 1
⎢⎣ 0.86 0.86 1 ⎥⎦
――――――――――――→ ⎡ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎤

⎛ Hbear;b ⎞ ⎢ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
k1;b;hor ≔ Min2 ⎜⎛⎝2 − HIB⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = ⎢
⎝ d0;bolts ⎠ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥
⎣⎢ 2.5 2.5 2.5 ⎥⎦
―――――――――→ ⎡ 89.76 139.13 139.13 ⎤

k1;b;hor ⋅ αb;b;hor ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tw;b ⋅ fu;b ⎢ 89.76 139.13 139.13 ⎥
Fb;hor;Rd8 ≔ ―――――――――― =⎢
γM2 139.13 139.13 161.57 ⎥
⎢⎣ 139.13 139.13 161.57 ⎥⎦
⎡ 777.43 1522.23 976.24 ⎤

―――――――――――――――→
1 ⎢ 1168.08 4566.7 1225.66 ⎥
VRd8;bolts ≔ ――――――――――――――― = ⎢
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 1225.66 4566.7 1237.24 ⎥
⎛ z ⋅ ybolt ⎞ ⎛ z ⋅ xbolt 1 ⎞ ⎢⎣ 976.24 1522.23 1032.67 ⎥⎦
⎜ ――― + sign ⎛⎝xbolt⎞⎠ ――⎟
⎜ ――― ⎟ I nbolts
I ⎜ ⎟
⎜―――⎟ + ―――――――――
⎝ Fb;hor;Rd8 ⎠ ⎝ Fb;ver;Rd8 ⎠
Beam web in shear

Gross section
2
Av;b ≔ Ab − 2 ⋅ bb ⋅ tf;b + ⎛⎝tw;b + 2 ⋅ rb⎞⎠ ⋅ tf;b = 5987.991
Av;b ⋅ fy;b
VRd9 ≔ ―――= 812.43
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM0
Net section
2
Av;net;b ≔ Av;b − n1 ⋅ d0;bolts ⋅ tw;b = 5008.79
Av;net;b ⋅ fu;b
VRd10 ≔ ――――= 832.85
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2
Block shear
2
Ant;b ≔ if n2 ＝ 1 | = 1428
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞
‖ tw;b ⋅ ⎜min ⎛⎝e2;b;l , e2;b;r⎞⎠ − ――― |
⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ |
else if n2 ＝ 2 |
‖ |
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ |
‖ tw;b ⋅ ⎜p2;1.2 + min ⎛⎝e2;b;l , e2;b;r⎞⎠ − 3 ⋅ ――― ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ |
‖
|
else if n2 ＝ 3
|
‖ ⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ |
‖ tw;b ⋅ ⎜p2;1.2 + p2;2.3 + min ⎛⎝e2;p;l , e2;p;r⎞⎠ − ⎛⎝2 n2 − 1⎞⎠ ⋅ ――― ⎟
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠|
2
⎛ ⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞ ⎞
2
Anv;b ≔ tw;b ⋅ ⎛⎝min ⎛⎝e1;b;t , e1;b;b⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝n1 − 1⎞⎠ ⋅ p1;1.2 − ⎛⎝n1 − 0.5⎞⎠ ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ = 3401.8
fu;b ⋅ Ant;b 1 Anv;b

Feff;2;Rd ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ―――― + ―― fy;b ⋅ ――= 667.18
γM2 ‾‾ γM0
3
VRd11 ≔ Feff;2;Rd = 667.18
C - 12. Joint shear resistance
VRd1 = 743.67 VRd4 = 795.63 VRd7 = 1297.21 VRd10 = 832.85

VRd2 = 942.81 VRd5 = 894.63 VRd8 = 777.43 VRd11 = 667.18
VRd3 = 665.03 VRd6 = 778.32 VRd9 = 812.43
VRd ≔ min ⎛⎝VRd1 , VRd2 , VRd3 , VRd4 , VRd5 , VRd6 , VRd7 , VRd8 , VRd9 , VRd10 , VRd11⎞⎠ = 665.03
Bolts
Bolts in shear
VRd1 = 743.67
Fin Plate
VRd2 = 942.81
Fin plate in shear

VRd4 = 795.63
VRd3 = 665.03
VRd5 = 894.63

VRd6 = 778.32

VRd7 = 1297.21
Beam web
Beam web in bearing
VRd8 = 777.43
Beam web in shear

VRd9 = 812.43
VRd10 = 832.85
VRd11 = 667.18

VRd = 665.03

BEAM TO BEAM WEB
WITH FLEXIBLE END PLATE
Example 4
Beam to Beam Web with Flexible End Plate - Shear Connection - Eurocode
Eucocode - SC - Beam to beam web with flexible end plate

Reference documents
- Eurocode EN1993-1-8: 2005+AC:2009 (EC) ≔ 1000
Data
Geometry
Girder IPE 300 Beam IPE 270
hg ≔ 300 Height hb ≔ 270 Height
tf;g ≔ 10.7 Flange thickness tf;b ≔ 10.2 Flange thickness
bg ≔ 150 Width bb ≔ 135 Width
tw;g ≔ 7.1 Web thickness tw;b ≔ 6.6 Web thickness
rg ≔ 15 Web thickness rb ≔ 15 Web thickness
2 2
Ag ≔ 53.815 Section surface Ab ≔ 45.948 Section surface
3 3
Wpl;y;g ≔ 628.4 Moment of resistance Wel;y;b ≔ 484.035 Moment of resistance
4 4
Iy;g ≔ 8356.6884 Moment of inertia Iy;b ≔ 5790.2436 Moment of inertia
Header plate Bolts M16

hp ≔ 219.6 Height dbolts ≔ 16 Diameter
tp ≔ 10.7 Thickness d0;bolts ≔ 18 Diameter hole
2
up1 ≔ 25.2 Upper offset thead ≔ 10 Bolt head
up2 ≔ 25.2 Lower offset tnut ≔ 10 Nut
Welds
af ≔ 5 Welds beam flange
Material
E ≔ 210000
Girder Beam
fy;g ≔ 235 Yield strength fy;b ≔ 235 Yield strength
fu;g ≔ 360 Tensile strength fu;b ≔ 360 Tensile strength
Endplate Bolts


Bolt positions
nbolts1 ≔ 3 Number of bolt rows in load transfer
nbolts2 ≔ 2 Number of bolt rows perpendicular to load transfer
w2 ≔ 0 Horizontal distance between exta vertical bolts rows
w ≔ 66.6 Horizontal distance vertical bolts 1 & 2
e1;p ≔ 21.6 Vertical distance of bolts to endplate border
e2;p ≔ 41.7 Horizontal distance of bolts to endplate border
e2;g ≔ 1000 Horizontal distance of bolts to end of beam
Girder
dg ≔ hg − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;g + rg⎞⎠ = 248.6
2
Av;g ≔ Ag − 2 ⋅ bg ⋅ tf;g + ⎛⎝tw;g + 2 ⋅ rg⎞⎠ ⋅ tf;g = 2568.47 Shear area
Welds
fu ≔ min ⎛⎝fu;g , fu;b , fu;p⎞⎠ = 360
fy ≔ min ⎛⎝fy;g , fy;b , fy;p⎞⎠ = 235
βw ≔ if fy ≥ 420 | = 0.8
‖1 |
‖ |
‖ 0.9 |
‖
|
‖ 0.85 |
‖
else |
‖ 0.8 |
‖ |
Requirements
db ≔ hb − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;b + rb⎞⎠ = 219.6
tp
ϕavail ≔ ―― = 0.42
up1
Rotational
rot2 ≔ ⎝⎛ϕreq < ϕavail , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” rot2 = “Ok”
Ductility
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
fy;p dbolts ⎞
duc1a ≔ ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― ≤ ――, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Not ok”
⎝ f b lt t ⎠

duc1a ⎜2.8 ≤ , Ok , Not ok ⎟ Not ok
⎝ fu;bolts tp ⎠
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
fy;g dbolts ⎞
duc1b ≔ ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― ≤ ――, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok”
⎝ fu;bolts tw;g ⎠
⎛ βw fy γM2 ⎞
duc2 ≔ ⎜―― ⋅ ―⋅ ―― ⋅ tp ≤ min ⎛⎝aw , af⎞⎠ , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” duc2 = “Ok”
f γ
⎝ ‾‾
2 u M0 ⎠

Bolts in
Shear
Fin plate in
Bearing
Shear - net section
Shear - block
Bending
Beam web in
Shear
Girder web in
Bearing
Bolts
Bolts in shear
2
fy;bolts = 640 Anet;bolts = 157 fu;bolts = 800
γM2 = 1.25 nbolts = 6
Fv;Rd1 ≔ ―――――― = 60.29
γM2
VRd1 ≔ 0.8 ⋅ nbolts ⋅ Fv;Rd1 = 289.38
Flexible end plate

Flexibel end plate in bearing
p1;2 = 88.2 p2;3 = 88.2 w = 66.6
e1;p = 21.6 d0;bolts = 18 fu;bolts = 800
fu;p = 360 e2;p = 41.7 dbolts = 16
tp = 10.7 γM2 = 1.25
p1 ≔ min ⎛⎝p1;2 , p2;3⎞⎠ = 88.2

p2 ≔ w = 66.6
⎛ e1;p p1 1 fu;bolts ⎞

⎛ e1;p p1 1 fu;bolts ⎞
αb;p ≔ min ⎜―――, ―――− ―, ――― , 1⎟ = 0.4
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;p ⎠
Data
⎛ e2;p p2 ⎞
k1;p ≔ min ⎜2.8 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = 2.5
k1;p ⋅ αb;p ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tp ⋅ fu;p

Fb;Rd2 ≔ ―――――――― = 49.31
γM2
VRd2 ≔ nbolts ⋅ Fb;Rd2 = 295.83
Flexible end plate in shear

Gross section
hp = 219.6 tp = 10.7 fy;p = 235
γM0 = 1
2
Av;p ≔ hp ⋅ tp = 2349.72
Av;p ⋅ fy;p
Fv;Rd3 ≔ ―――――= 251.03
1.27 ⋅ ‾‾3 ⋅ γM0
VRd3 ≔ 2 ⋅ Fv;Rd3 = 502.05
Net section
hp = 219.6 nbolts1 = 3 d0;bolts = 18
tp = 10.7 fu;p = 360 γM0 = 1
2
Av;net;p ≔ ⎛⎝hp − nbolts1 ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ ⋅ tp = 1771.92
Av;net;p ⋅ fu;p
Fv;Rd4 ≔ ――――= 294.63
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM2
VRd4 ≔ 2 ⋅ Fv;Rd4 = 589.26
Block shear
hp = 219.6 nbolts = 6 d0;bolts = 18
tp = 10.7 fu;p = 360 γM0 = 1
p22 ≔ w + w2 = 66.6
⎛ d0;bolts ⎞ 2
Ant;p ≔ tp ⋅ ⎜e2;p + w2 − ⎛⎝nbolts2 − 1⎞⎠ ⋅ ――― ⎟ = 349.89
⎝ 2 ⎠
2
Anv;p ≔ tp ⋅ ⎛⎝hp − e1;p − ⎛⎝nbolts1 − 0.5⎞⎠ ⋅ d0;bolts⎞⎠ = 1637.1

Feff;1;Rd ≔ ―――― + ―― fy;p ⋅ ――= 322.89
γM2 ‾‾ γM0
3

Feff;2;Rd ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ―――― + ―― fy;p ⋅ ――= 272.5
γM2 ‾‾ γM0
3
Feff;Rd ≔ ⎛⎝hp < 1.36 ⋅ p22 ∧ nbolts1 > 1 , Feff;2;Rd , Feff;1;Rd⎞⎠ = 322.89
VRd5 ≔ 2 ⋅ Feff;Rd = 645.77
Flexible end plate in bending

nbolts2 = 2 w = 66.6 w2 = 0
t = 10.7 hp = 219.6 fy;p = 235
γM0p = 1

γM0 1
p22 ≔ w + w2 = 66.6
2
tp ⋅ hp 3
Wel;p ≔ ――― = 85999.75
6
2 ⋅ Wel;p fy;p
VRd6 ≔ ――――⋅ ―― = 1347.33
⎛⎝p22 − tw;b⎞⎠ γM0
――――
2
Beam
Beam web in shear
2
Av;b ≔ hp ⋅ tw;b = 1449.36
Av;b ⋅ fy;b
VRd7 ≔ ―――= 196.65
‾‾
3 ⋅ γM0
Girder
Girder web in bearing
p1;2 = 88.2 p2;3 = 88.2 w = 66.6
d0;bolts = 18 fu;bolts = 800 fu;p = 360
dbolts = 16 tw;g = 7.1 γM2 = 1.25
p1 ≔ min ⎛⎝p1;2 , p2;3⎞⎠ = 88.2

p2 ≔ w = 66.6
⎛ p1 1 fu;bolts ⎞
αb;g ≔ min ⎜―――− ―, ――― , 1⎟ = 1
⎝ 3 ⋅ d0;bolts 4 fu;g ⎠
⎛ p2 ⎞
k1;g ≔ min ⎜1.4 ⋅ ――― − 1.7 , 2.5⎟ = 2.5
⎝ d0;bolts ⎠
k1;g ⋅ αb;g ⋅ dbolts ⋅ tw;g ⋅ fu;g

Fb;Rd8 ≔ ―――――――― = 81.79
γM2
VRd8 ≔ nbolts ⋅ Fb;Rd8 = 490.75
C - 9. Joint shear resistance
VRd1 = 289.38 VRd4 = 589.26 VRd7 = 196.65

VRd2 = 295.83 VRd5 = 645.77 VRd8 = 490.75
VRd3 = 502.05 VRd6 = 1347.33
VRd ≔ min ⎛⎝VRd1 , VRd2 , VRd3 , VRd4 , VRd5 , VRd6 , VRd7 , VRd8⎞⎠ = 196.65

Bolts
Bolts in shear
VRd1 = 289.38
Flexible end plate

Flexible end plate in bearing
VRd2 = 295.83
Flexible end plate in shear

VRd3 = 502.05
VRd4 = 589.26
VRd5 = 645.77
Flexible end plate in bending

VRd6 = 1347.33
Beam
Beam web in shear
VRd7 = 196.65
Girder
Girder web in bearing
VRd8 = 490.75

VRd = 196.65

T –JOINT RHS TO RHS
Example 5
TUBULAR CONNECTION - EUROCODE
T-joint RHS to RHS - Tubular Connection - Eurocode
Eurocode - TC - T-joint RHS to RHS

Reference documents
- Eurocode EN1993-1-8: 2005+AC:2009 (EC3-1-8) ≔ 1000
- Eurocode EN1993-1-1: 2005+AC:2009 (EC3-1-1)
Data
Geometry
Chord RHS 150x100x5 Brace RHS 120x80x4
h0 ≔ 150 Height h1 ≔ 120 Height
b0 ≔ 100 Width b1 ≔ 80 Width
t0 ≔ 5 Thickness t1 ≔ 4 Thickness
ri;0 ≔ 5 Inner radius ri;1 ≔ 4 Inner radius
ro;0 ≔ 10 Outer radius ro;1 ≔ 8 Outer radius
2 2
A0 ≔ 2336 Section area A1 ≔ 1495 Section area
3 3
Wel;y;0 ≔ 95886 Elastic section modulus Wel;y;1 ≔ 49094 Elastic section modulus
3 3
Wpl;y;0 ≔ 116724 Plastic section modulus Wpl;y;1 ≔ 59763 Plastic section modulus
3 3
Wel;z;0 ≔ 76799 Elastic section modulus Wel;z;1 ≔ 39321 Elastic section modulus
3 3
Wpl;z;0 ≔ 88336 Plastic section modulus Wpl;z;1 ≔ 45228 Plastic section modulus
θ1 ≔ 90 Angle
Design forces
Chord Brace
N0;Ed ≔ 200 Normal force N1;Ed ≔ 47 Normal force
M0;Ed ≔ 0 In plane moment Mip;1;Ed ≔ 2.6 In plane moment
Mop;1;Ed ≔ 1.3 Out of plane moment
Material
E ≔ 210000 Young's modulus
Chord Brace
fy;0 ≔ 235 Yield strength fy;1 ≔ 235 Yield strength

γM5 ≔ 1 Tubular resistance in trusses
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ |
235
SC ⎛⎝c , t , fy⎞⎠ ≔ ‖ ε ← ―――― | (Safe) Formula for RHS
‖ fy | section class according to
‖ ⎛c ⎞ | EN 1993-1-1 §5.5 table
‖ sectionclass ← ⎜― ≤ 33 ⋅ ε , 1 , 2
⎟ |
⎝t ⎠ 5.2
‖ |
⎛ c ⎞
‖ sectionclass ← 33 ⋅ ε < ―≤ 38 ⋅ ε , 2 , sectionclass |
⎜⎝ t ⎟⎠
‖ |
‖ ⎛ c ⎞|

≤ , ,
‖ ⎜⎝ t ⎟⎠ |
‖ ⎛ c ⎞ |
‖ sectionclass ← ⎜⎝
42 ⋅ ε < ―, 4 , sectionclass
⎟⎠ |
‖ t |
Chord Brace
SC0 ≔ SC ⎛⎝h0 − 2 ⋅ ro;0 , t0 , fy;0⎞⎠ = 1 SC1 ≔ SC ⎛⎝h1 − 2 ⋅ ro;1 , t1 , fy;1⎞⎠ = 1
Requirements
General check (§7.1.1 & §7.1.2)

gena0 ≔ ⎛⎝fy;0 < 460 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gena0 = “Ok”
gena1 ≔ ⎝⎛fy;1 < 460 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gena1 = “Ok”
kred ≔ ⎛⎝fy;1 > 355 , 0.9 , 1⎞⎠ = 1 kred = 1
gencd0 ≔ ⎛⎝2.5 ≤ t0 ≤ 25 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gencd0 = “Ok”
gene0 ≔ ⎛⎝SC0 ≤ 2 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gene0 = “Ok”
gene1 ≔ ⎝⎛SC1 ≤ 2 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gene1 = “Ok”
genf1 ≔ ⎛⎝30 ≤ θ1 ≤ 150 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” genf1 = “Ok”
RHS checks (§7.5.1)

⎛ b1 ⎞
rhsa ≔ ⎜0.25 ≤ ―, “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhsa = “Ok”
⎝ b0 ⎠
⎛ b1 ⎞
rhsc1 ≔ ⎜―≤ 35 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhsc1 = “Ok”
⎝ t1 ⎠
⎛ h1 ⎞
rhsd1 ≔ ⎜―≤ 35 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhsd1 = “Ok”
⎝ t1 ⎠
⎛ h0 ⎞
rhse ≔ ⎜0.5 ≤ ―≤ 2 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhse = “Ok”
⎝ b0 ⎠
⎛ h1 ⎞
rhsf1 ≔ ⎜0.5 ≤ ― ≤ 2 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhsf1 = “Ok”
⎝ b1 ⎠
⎛ b0 ⎞
rhsg ≔ ⎜―≤ 35 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhsg = “Ok”
⎝ t0 ⎠
⎛ h0 ⎞
rhsh ≔ ⎜―≤ 35 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” rhsh = “Ok”
⎝ t0 ⎠
Design parameters
b1
β ≔ ―= 0.8 Brace-chord width ratio
b0
b0
γ ≔ ――= 10 Chord width-thickness ratio
2 ⋅ t0
h1
η1 ≔ ― Brace-chord heigth-width ratio
b0
Biggest chord compression
N0;Ed M0;Ed stress, minus resulting brace
σ0;Ed ≔ ――+ ――― = 85.62 ――
A0 Wel;y;0 2 stresses
σ0;Ed ÷ fy;0
n ≔ ―――― = 0.36 Stress-yielding ratio
γM5
⎛ ⎛ n ⎞ ⎞
kn ≔ n > 0 , min 1.3 − 0.4 ⋅ ―, 1 , 1 = 1 Factor kn
⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ β ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠

Normal force
Chord section yielding
A0 ⋅ fy;0
Nct;0;Rd ≔ ――― = 548.96 Chord section resistance
γM0
Brace section resistance
A1 ⋅ fy;1
Nct;1;Rd ≔ ――― = 351.33 Brace section resistance
γM0
Chord face failure

2
kn ⋅ fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⎛ 2 ⋅ η1 ⎞ 1
Nycff;1;Rd ≔ ―――――⋅ ⎜――― + 4 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾
1 − β ⎟ ⋅ ――= 123.05 Chord face failure
(1 − β)) sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ ⎝ sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ ⎠ γM5
Chord side wall buckling
α ≔ 0.21 Imperfection factor flexural

buckling see EC 3-1-1 table
⎛ h0 ⎞ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾1 6.2
⎜― − 2⎟ ⋅ ―――
t
⎝ 0 ⎠ sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠
λbar ≔ 3.46 ⋅ ――――――― = 1.03 Normalized slenderness
‾‾‾‾
E
⋅ ――
fy;0
2
Φ ≔ 0.5 ⎛⎝1 + α ⋅ ⎛⎝λbar − 0.2⎞⎠ + λbar ⎞⎠ = 1.12
⎛ 1 ⎞
χ ≔ min ―――――― , 1 = 0.64 Reduction factor
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎟
2 2
⎝ Φ + Φ − λbar ⎠
fb ≔ ⎛⎝n > 0 , χ ⋅ fy;0 , fy;0⎞⎠ = 151.22
kn ⋅ fb ⋅ t0 ⎛ 2 ⋅ h1 ⎞ 1
Nycswb;1;Rd ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜――― + 10 ⋅ t0⎟ ⋅ ――= 219.27 Chord side wall buckling
sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ ⎝ sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ ⎠ γM5
Nyc;1;Rd ≔ if 0.85 ≤ β ≤ 1 | = 123.05 Chord failure

‖N |
ycswb;1;Rd − Nycff;1;Rd
‖ ―――――――⋅ (β − 0.85)) + Nycff;1;Rd |
‖ 1 − 0.85 |
else |
‖N |
‖ ycff;1;Rd |
Brace failure
⎛ 10 fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⎞
beff ≔ min ⎜――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ b1 , b1⎟ = 50
b ÷
⎝ 0 0t f y;1 ⋅ t 1 ⎠
1
Nyb;1;Rd ≔ fy;1 ⋅ t1 ⋅ ⎛⎝2 ⋅ h1 − 4 ⋅ t1 + 2 ⋅ beff⎞⎠ ⋅ ―― = 304.56 Brace failure
γM5
Punching shear
⎛ 10 ⎞
be;p ≔ min ――― ⋅ b1 , b1 = 40
⎜b ÷t ⎟
⎝ 0 0 ⎠

fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⎛ 2 ⋅ h1 ⎞ 1
Np;1;Rd ≔ ――――⋅ ⎜――― + 2 ⋅ be;p⎟ ―― = 217.08 Punching shear resistance
‾‾ ⎝ sin ⎛
⎝ θ 1⎞
⎠ ⎠ γM5
3 sin ⎝⎛θ1⎠⎞
Summary NRd
N0;Rd ≔ Nct;0;Rd = 548.96 Chord normal force resistance
Nct;1;Rd = 351.33 Brace section resistance

Nyc;1;Rd = 123.05 Chord failure
Nyb;1;Rd = 304.56 Brace failure
Np;1;Rd = 217.08 Punching shear resistance
N1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝Nct;1;Rd , Nyc;1;Rd , Nyc;1;Rd , Np;1;Rd⎞⎠ ⋅ kred = 123.05 Brace normal force resistance
Moment force
Wel;y;0 ⋅ fy;0
M0;Rd ≔ ―――― = 22.53 Chord section resistance
γM0
Brace section yielding
Wel;y;1 ⋅ fy;1
M1;y;Rd ≔ ―――― = 11.54 Brace section resistance
γM0
Wel;z;1 ⋅ fy;1
M1;z;Rd ≔ ―――― = 9.24
γM0
Chord face failure
2 ⎛ 1 2 η1 ⎞ 1
Mip;yc;1;Rd ≔ kn ⋅ fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⋅ h1 ⋅ ⎜――+ ――― + ――⎟ ⋅ ―― In plane chord face resistance
2 ⋅ η1 ‾‾‾‾ 1 − β γM5
⎝ 1−β ⎠
Mip;yc;1;Rd = 7.68
2
⎛ h ⋅ (1 + β)) 2 ⋅ b0 ⋅ b1 ⋅ (1 + β)) ⎞ 1
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
1
Mop;yc;1;Rd ≔ kn ⋅ fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⎜―――― + ―――――― ⎟ ⋅ ―― Out of plane chord face
⎝ 2 ⋅ (1 − β)) 1−β ⎠ γM5 resistance
Mop;yc;1;Rd = 5.4
Chord side wall buckling

fyk ≔ fy;0
2 1
Mip;b;1;Rd ≔ 0.5 ⋅ fyk ⋅ t0 ⋅ ⎛⎝h1 + 5 ⋅ t0⎞⎠ ⋅ ―― = 12.35
γM5
1
Mop;b;1;Rd ≔ fyk ⋅ t0 ⋅ ⎛⎝b0 − t0⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝h1 + 5 ⋅ t0⎞⎠ ⋅ ―― = 16.19
γM5
Chord deformation failure
⎛ ⎞ 1
Mop;d;1;Rd ≔ 2 ⋅ fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⋅ ⎝h1 ⋅ t0 + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
b0 ⋅ h0 ⋅ t0 ⋅ ⎛⎝b0 + h0⎞⎠ ⎠ ⋅ ―― = 11.59
γM5
Brace failure
⎛ 10 fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⎞
beff ≔ min ⎜――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ b1 , b1⎟ = 50
⎝ b0 ÷ t0 fy;1 ⋅ t1 ⎠
⎛ ⎛ beff ⎞ ⎞ 1
Mip;yb;1;Rd ≔ fy;1 ⋅ ⎜Wpl;y;1 − ⎜1 − ―― ⎟ ⋅ b1 ⋅ ⎛⎝h1 − t1⎞⎠ ⋅ t1⎟ ⋅ ――= 10.77
⎝ ⎝ b1 ⎠ ⎠ γM5
⎛ 2 ⎞
⎛ beff ⎞ 2 1
⎜ ⎟
⎛ ⎞
⎛ beff ⎞ 2 1
Mop;yb;1;Rd ≔ fy;1 ⋅ ⎜Wpl;z;1 − 0.5 ⋅ ⎜1 − ―― ⎟ ⋅ b1 ⋅ t 1
⎟ ⋅ ―― = 10.21
⎜⎝ ⎝ b1 ⎠ ⎠⎟ γM5
Summary MRd
M0;Rd = 22.53 Chord in plane moment resistance
M1;y;Rd = 11.54 M1;z;Rd = 9.24 Brace section resistance

Mip;yc;1;Rd = 7.68 Mop;yc;1;Rd = 5.4 Chord face failure
Mip;b;1;Rd = 12.35 Mop;b;1;Rd = 16.19 Chord side wall buckling
Mop;d;1;Rd = 11.59 Chord deformation failure
Mip;yb;1;Rd = 10.77 Mop;yb;1;Rd = 10.21 Brace failure
Mip;1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝M1;y;Rd , Mip;yc;1;Rd , Mip;b;1;Rd , Mip;yb;1;Rd⎞⎠ ⋅ kred Brace in plane moment resistance
Mip;1;Rd = 7.68
Mop;1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝M1;z;Rd , Mop;yc;1;Rd , Mop;b;1;Rd , Mop;d;1;Rd , Mip;yb;1;Rd⎞⎠ ⋅ kred Brace out of plane moment resistance
Mop;1;Rd = 5.4
Normal force
Chord face failure
Nycff;1;Rd = 123.05

Nct;1;Rd = 351.33
Moment force
Chord face failure
Mip;yc;1;Rd = 7.68
Mop;yc;1;Rd = 5.4

M1;y;Rd = 11.54
M1;z;Rd = 9.24
Chord deformation failure

Mop;d;1;Rd = 11.59
Total
Moment and normal force
N1;Ed |Mip;1;Ed| |Mop;1;Ed|

――+ ―――+ ――― = 0.961
N1;Rd Mip;1;Rd Mop;1;Rd

Y –JOINT CHS TO CHS
Example 6
TUBULAR CONNECTION - EUROCODE
Y-joint CHS to CHS - Tubular Connection - Eurocode
Eurocode - TC - Y-joint CHS to CHS

Reference documents
- Eurocode EN1993-1-8: 2005+AC:2009 (EC3-1-8) ≔ 1000
- Eurocode EN1993-1-1: 2005+AC:2009 (EC3-1-1)
Data
Geometry
Chord CHS 139.7 x 4.5 Brace CHS 101.6 x 4
d0 ≔ 139.7 Diameter d1 ≔ 101.6 Diameter
t0 ≔ 4.5 Thickness t1 ≔ 4 Thickness
θ1 ≔ 45 Slope
Design forces
Chord Brace
N0;Ed ≔ 0 Normal force N1;Ed ≔ 50 Normal force
M0;Ed ≔ 0 In plane moment Mip;1;Ed ≔ 2.75 In plane moment
Mop;1;Ed ≔ 1.5 Out of plane moment
Material
Chord Brace
fy;0 ≔ 235 Yield strength fy;1 ≔ 235 Yield strength

γM5 ≔ 1 Tubular resistance in trusses
⎛ 2 2⎞
⎝d − (d − 2 ⋅ t)) ⎠
A (d , t)) ≔ area ← ――――――― Formula for CHS area
4
⎛ 4 4⎞
⎝d − (d − 2 ⋅ t)) ⎠
Wel (d , t)) ≔ wel ← ――――――― Formula for CHS elastic
32 ⋅ d section modulus
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ |
235
SC ⎛⎝d , t , fy⎞⎠ ≔ ‖ ε ← ―――― | Formula for CHS section
‖ fy | class according to EN
‖ ⎛d 2 ⎞ | 1993-1-1 §5.5 table 5.2
‖ sectionclass ← ⎜― ≤ 50 ⋅ ε , 1 , 2
⎟ |
⎝t ⎠
‖ |
⎛ 2 d 2 ⎞
‖ sectionclass ← 50 ⋅ ε < ―≤ 70 ⋅ ε , 2 , sectionclass |
⎜⎝ t ⎟⎠
‖ |
‖ ⎛ 2 d 2 ⎞|
sectionclass ← 70 ⋅ ε < ―≤ 90 ⋅ ε , 3 , sectionclass
‖ ⎜⎝ t ⎟⎠ |
‖ ⎛ 2 d ⎞ |
‖ sectionclass ← ⎜90 ⋅ ε < ―, 4 , sectionclass⎟ |
‖ ⎝ t ⎠ |

Chord Brace
2 2
A0 ≔ A ⎛⎝d0 , t0⎞⎠ = 1911.345 A1 ≔ A ⎛⎝d1 , t1⎞⎠ = 1226.478
3 3
Wel;0 ≔ Wel ⎛⎝d0 , t0⎞⎠ = 62591.725 Wel;1 ≔ Wel ⎛⎝d1 , t1⎞⎠ = 28796.153
SC0 ≔ SC ⎛⎝d0 , t0 , fy;0⎞⎠ = 1 SC1 ≔ SC ⎛⎝d1 , t1 , fy;1⎞⎠ = 1
Requirements
General check (§7.1.1 & §7.1.2)
gena0 ≔ ⎛⎝fy;0 < 460 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gena0 = “Ok”
gena1 ≔ ⎝⎛fy;1 < 460 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gena1 = “Ok”
kred ≔ ⎛⎝fy;1 > 355 , 0.9 , 1⎞⎠ = 1 kred = 1
gencd0 ≔ ⎝⎛2.5 ≤ t0 ≤ 25 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” gencd0 = “Ok”
genf1 ≔ ⎛⎝30 ≤ θ1 ≤ 150 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎞⎠ = “Ok” genf1 = “Ok”
CHS checks (§7.4.1)
⎛ d1 ⎞
chsa ≔ ⎜0.2 ≤ ―≤ 1 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” chsa = “Ok”
⎝ d0 ⎠
⎛ d0 ⎞
chsb ≔ ⎜10 ≤ ―≤ 50 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” chsb = “Ok”
⎝ t0 ⎠
⎛ d1 ⎞
chsc1 ≔ ⎜―≤ 50 , “Ok” , “Not ok”⎟ = “Ok” chsc1 = “Ok”
⎝ t1 ⎠
Design parameters
d1
β ≔ ― = 0.73 Brace-chord diameter ratio
d0
d0
γ ≔ ――= 15.52 Chord diameter-thickness
2 ⋅ t0 ratio
Np;Ed ≔ N0;Ed − N1;Ed ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ = −35.36 Horizontal normal forces

resulting from braces
Np;Ed M0;Ed
σp;Ed ≔ ――+ ―― = −18.5 Biggest chord compression
A0 Wel;0 stress, minus resulting brace
stresses
σp;Ed ÷ fy;0
np ≔ ―――― = −0.08 Stress-yielding ratio
γM5
kp ≔ ⎛⎝np > 0 , min ⎛⎝1 − 0.3 ⋅ np ⋅ ⎛⎝1 + np⎞⎠ , 1⎞⎠ , 1⎞⎠ = 1 Factor
Normal force

A0 ⋅ fy;0
Nct;0;Rd ≔ ――― = 449.17
γM0 Chord section resistance
ld
A1 ⋅ fy;1
Nct;1;Rd ≔ ――― = 288.22 Brace section resistance
γM0
Chord face failure

0.2 2 2
γ ⋅ kp ⋅ fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⎛⎝2.8 + 14.2 ⋅ β ⎞⎠
Ny;1;Rd ≔ ―――――― ―――――― = 120.08 Chord face failure
sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ γM5
Punching shear
fy;0 ⎛⎝1 + sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠⎞⎠ 1

Np;1;Rd ≔ ―― ⋅ t0 ⋅ ⋅ d1 ⋅ ――――― ―― Punching shear resistance
2
‾‾ γM5
3 2 ⋅ sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠
Summary NRd
N0;Rd ≔ Nct;0;Rd = 449.17 Chord normal force resistance
Nct;1;Rd = 288.22 Brace section resistance
Ny;1;Rd = 120.08 Chord face failure
Np;1;Rd = 332.68 Punching resistance
N1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝Nct;1;Rd , Ny;1;Rd , Np;1;Rd⎞⎠ ⋅ kred = 120.08 Brace normal force resistance
Moment force
Chords section yielding
Wel;0 ⋅ fy;0
M0;Rd ≔ ―――― = 14.71 Chord section resistance
γM0
Wel;1 ⋅ fy;1
M1;Rd ≔ ―――― = 6.77 Brace section resistance
γM0
Chord face failure

2 In plane chord face failure
fy;0 ⋅ t0 d1 ‾‾
γ ⋅ β ⋅ kp
Mip;y;1;Rd ≔ 4.85 ⋅ ―――― ⋅ ―――― = 9.5 resistance
sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ γM5
2
fy;0 ⋅ t0 d1 2.7 ⋅ kp
Mop;y;1;Rd ≔ ―――― ⋅ ―――――― = 4.49 Out of plane chord flange
sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠ (1 − 0.81 β)) ⋅ γM5 yielding resistance
Punching
2
fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⋅ d1 ⎛⎝1 + 3 ⋅ sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠⎞⎠ 1
Mip;p;1;Rd ≔ ――――――――― ―― = 9.84 In plane punching shear
2
‾‾ γM5 resistance
3 4 ⋅ sin ⎝⎛θ1⎠⎞
2
fy;0 ⋅ t0 ⋅ d1 ⎛⎝3 + sin ⎛⎝θ1⎞⎠⎞⎠ 1
Mop;p;1;Rd ≔ ――――⋅ ――――― ―― = 11.68 Out of plane punching shear
2
‾‾ γM5 resistance
3 4 ⋅ sin ⎝⎛θ1⎠⎞
Summary MRd
M0;Rd = 14.71 Chord in plane moment resistance
M1;Rd = 6.77 Brace section resistance
Mip;y;1;Rd = 9.5 Mop;y;1;Rd = 4.49 Chord face failure
Mip;p;1;Rd = 9.84 Mop;p;1;Rd = 11.68 Punching shear resistance
Mip;1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝M1;Rd , Mip;y;1;Rd , Mip;p;1;Rd⎞⎠ ⋅ kred = 6.77 In plane moment resistance
Mop;1;Rd ≔ min ⎛⎝M1;Rd , Mop;y;1;Rd , Mop;p;1;Rd⎞⎠ ⋅ kred = 4.49 Out of plane moment resistance

Normal force
Chord face failure
Ny;1;Rd = 120.08
Punching
Np;1;Rd = 332.68

Nct;1;Rd = 288.22
Moment force
Chord face failure
Mip;y;1;Rd = 9.5
Mop;y;1;Rd = 4.49
Punching
Mip;p;1;Rd = 9.84
Mop;p;1;Rd = 11.68

M1;Rd = 6.77
Total
Moment and normal force
2
N1;Ed ⎛ Mip;1;Ed ⎞ |Mop;1;Ed|
――+ ⎜――― ⎟ + ――― = 0.915
N1;Rd ⎝ Mip;1;Rd ⎠ Mop;1;Rd

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Power Connect - Example Connection Calculations Vs PC

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lateral buckling restraint - attaches - steel check - creep - charges climatiques - dynamic analysis - lateral buckling -

Eurocode 3 - connexion tubulaire - unión a

STEEL CONNECTION DESIGN

Eucocode - MC - Beam to column with bolted extended end plate

Bolts M20 Welds

Partial safety factors (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.1)

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Calculation method Eurocode

dwc ≔ hc − 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝tf;c + rc⎞⎠ = 134

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Component resistance calculation

Bt;Rd;row ≔ 2 ⋅ Bt;Rd = 282.24

αv ≔ ⎛⎝fy;bolts ＝ 240 ∨ fy;bolts ＝ 300 ∨ fy;bolts ＝ 640 , 0.6 , 0.5⎞⎠ = 0.6

Bv;Rd;row ≔ 2 ⋅ Bv;Rd = 188.16

fu ≔ min ⎛⎝fu;b , fu;p⎞⎠ = 360 235 0.8

Welds in tension (EC3-1-8 §5.4.3)

Welds in shear (EC3-1-8 §5.4.3)

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0.9 ⋅ fy;c ⋅ Av;c

Column web in transverse compression (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.2)

β≔1 (§5.3 Table 5.4) Transformation parameter

ω ⋅ kwc ⋅ beff;c;wc ⋅ tw;c ⋅ fy;c

ω ⋅ kwc ⋅ ρ ⋅ beff;c;wc ⋅ tw;c ⋅ fy;c

Column flange in bending (EC3-1-8 §6.2.6.4)

ec = 61.7 e1c = 71.8 e2c = 1000 Data

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nc ≔ min ⎛⎝ec , ep , 1.25 ⋅ mc⎞⎠ = 25.81

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mc + 1.25 ⋅ ec = 159.725

leff1;c;1 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1 , leff;nc;1⎞⎠ = 129.748 Effective length Mode 1

FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 282.24 Mode 3: Bolt failure

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mc + 1.25 ⋅ ec = 159.725

leff1;c;2 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1 , leff;nc;1⎞⎠ = 129.748 Effective length Mode 1

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FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 282.24 Mode 3: Bolt failure

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 4 ⋅ mc + 1.25 ⋅ ec = 159.725

leff1;c;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;3 , leff;nc;3⎞⎠ = 129.748 Effective length Mode 1

FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 282.24 Mode 3: Bolt failure

T - stub Row 1+2

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

Row 2: end bolt row

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λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

leff;cp;1;2 ≔ leff;cp;1 + leff;cp;2 = 276.15

leff1;c;1;2 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1;2 , leff;nc;1;2⎞⎠ = 224.863 Effective length Mode 1

FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 564.48 Mode 3: Bolt failure

T - stub Row 2+3

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 116.463

Row 3: end bolt row

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p2;3 = 116.463

leff;cp;2;3 ≔ leff;cp;2 + leff;cp;3 = 276.15

leff1;c;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;2;3 , leff;nc;2;3⎞⎠ = 232.925 Effective length Mode 1

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FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 564.48 Mode 3: Bolt failure

T - stub Row 1+2+3

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

Row 2: inner bolt row

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ⎛⎝p1;2 + p2;3⎞⎠ = 73.2

Row 3: end bolt row

λeff;nc;1 ≔ 2 ⋅ mc + 0.625 ⋅ ec + 0.5 ⋅ p1;2 = 116.463

leff;cp;1;2;3 ≔ leff;cp;1 + leff;cp;2 + leff;cp;3 = 422.55

leff1;c;1;2;3 ≔ min ⎛⎝leff;cp;1;2;3 , leff;nc;1;2;3⎞⎠ = 298.063 Effective length Mode 1

FT;Rd3 ≔ n'bolts ⋅ Bt;Rd = 846.72 Mode 3: Bolt failure

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