Final Report

Center for Energy Research and Technology

Project Number: 03-BLD-TM1
NCA&TSU FRS Number: 4-48578

Program 2: Demonstration and verification of Energy Savings

Available through HVAC Upgrade in a University Building

Dr. H. Singh, Director CERT

North Carolina A&T State University

Room 437 McNair Hall
Greensboro, NC 27411
(336) 334-3566
June 30, 2004
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................. 3

INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 4

BUILDING DESCRIPTION............................................................................................. 5
GENERAL:....................................................................................................................... 5
ELECTRICAL SERVICE: .................................................................................................. 5
HVAC SYSTEM: ............................................................................................................. 6
General ....................................................................................................................... 6
Air Handling Units for Cold Duct Side for Variable Air Volume System .................. 8
Air Handling Units for Hot Duct Side for Variable Air Volume System .................... 9
Dual Duct V.A.V Boxes (Heating & Cooling) Perimeter ......................................... 10
Single Duct V.A.V Interior Boxes (Cooling only) ..................................................... 11
Chiller ....................................................................................................................... 12
Cooling Tower .......................................................................................................... 12
Steam-Hot Water Converters.................................................................................... 13

TASK ONE: DOCUMENT EXISTING ENERGY USE................................................ 14

SUBTASK 1B: INSTALL INSTRUMENTATION ................................................................ 14
SUBTASK 1A: COLLECT RECORD OF THE RECENT ENERGY USE FOR MCNAIR HALL 14
Monitoring of Cold Deck Motor ............................................................................... 14
Chiller:...................................................................................................................... 16
Total Power: ............................................................................................................. 19

TASK 2: EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION/RETROFIT................................................ 22

SUBTASK 2A AND 2B: REPLACE THE FAN-MOTOR AND INSTALL THE VFD ............... 22
Motor Replacement and VFD ................................................................................... 22
SUBTASK 2C: INSTALL THE INSTRUMENTATION/CONTROLS:..................................... 22
Carbon Dioxide Monitoring in Classroom ............................................................... 22
Direct Digital Controls ............................................................................................. 22

TASK 3: MONITORING AND REPORTING ............................................................... 24

SUBTASK 3A: MONITORING ENERGY USE, CO2 LEVEL .............................................. 24
Collecting the Energy Consumption:........................................................................ 24
Carbon Dioxide Sensor: ........................................................................................... 31
SUBTASK 3B: SURVEY THE BUILDING OCCUPANTS ON RELATIVE COMFORT LEVELS 33

CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 35
AIR HANDLING UNIT UPDATES .................................................................................... 35
DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROL UPGRADE ........................................................................ 35
OVERALL ...................................................................................................................... 37

APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................... 38

2
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The State Energy Office sponsored a demonstration project for control and motor
upgrades in Mc Nair Hall on the campus of North Carolina A&T State University. The
controls and motor on air handling unit No. 1 (AHU-1) were replaced, the control
sequences modified, the changes in energy consumption and air quality were monitored.
This demonstration project shows the potential for energy saving in the other air handlers
and in other buildings of similar age and type.

3
 INTRODUCTION

The energy crisis of the seventies brought about a change in building designer’s
thinking about energy conservation and the need to limit heat from escaping from
buildings in the winter and from infiltrating in the summer. As a result, building envelops
were constructed tighter and the fresh air introduced was decreased. The eighties ushered
in the “sick building”. Designers and manufacturers developed designs, equipment and
control strategies to improve the air quality in their designs. Most of the buildings
designed and constructed in the eighties and early nineties utilized control systems and
sensors, which were complicated and difficult to keep calibrated. There are a large
number of these buildings located on state university campuses that are maintained by the
facilities Department at the campus, which operates under ever increasing tight budgets
and where any expenditure is scrutinized. This atmosphere usually forces these facility
groups into a patch and “get it running” mode. Therefore, when sensors, actuators or
other “non-terminal” devices fail, these devices usually get put into manual mode, wired
shut, or wired open depending on their operation. These patch and get it running fixes
have resulted in buildings that have poor air quality and utilize far more energy than
required.
This project is an attempt to show that using an advanced digital technology along
with some simple and relatively inexpensive upgrades can not only improve the air
quality in these buildings, but also can result in some significant energy savings. Air
handling unit No. 1 in McNair Hall was chosen to implement four upgrades. These
upgrades were as follows:
1. Installation of a new energy efficient motor driving the fan.
2. Installation of a variable frequency drive on the motor to control the static
pressure instead of the existing inlet vanes.
3. Digital controls to operate control sequences.
4. A carbon dioxide sensor to control the fresh air to the building.

4
 BUILDING DESCRIPTION

General:
Mc Nair Hall is a six-story building with the gross area of 94,396 square feet and
the net area of 58,094 square feet, located on the campus of North Carolina A&T State
University in Greensboro North Carolina. W. Edward Jenkins AIA Architects designed it
and the engineering design was by J. Hyatt Hammond and Associates in 1984 as a
classroom/ laboratory building. Construction was completed in 1987. The first two floors
are classroom and lecture halls. The remaining four floors are administrative areas with
some laboratory space.

Electrical Service:
McNair Hall is fed from the existing campus loop at switch#15 located to the east
of the building across from the social sciences building. Power is fed from this switch
through an underground duct bank to a pad-mounted 1000 KVA transformer located on
the west side of the service area of building.
The building service is 277/480 volts, 3 phase, 4 wire wye with half neutral, 1600
amp switchboard, and 1520amp service entrance. The connected load (KW) is as follows:
KW Amps
Lighting 188.8 228
Rec. & other 120 V load 259.9 313
Other 277//480 load 287.7 346
Elevators 56.5 68
Chillers 159.9 192
Other high loads 191.3 230
Chip manufacture area 302.4 364
1446 1740
Power is fed into the building from the 1000 KVA transformer to the Main
Service Panel (MSP) located in the Electrical Equipment Room 113. The MSP service
has forty-five (45) panels and four (4) step-down transformers located throughout the

5
building. The schematic diagram of the electrical distribution is shown in Figure.1.
Table.1 shows the transformer schedule.

Table.1. Transformer Schedule

No. Rating (KVA) Phase Prim. Voltage Sec. Voltage
1 225 3 480 120/208Y
2 112.5 3 480 120/208Y
3 150 3 480 120/208Y
4 150 3 480 120/208Y

Emergency power is delivered by an emergency generator located outside the Electrical

Equipment Room 113 and is fueled from a 500 gallon underground oil tank. The
generator provides power to the emergency lighting through an Automatic Transfer
Switch (ATS) and a 400-amp emergency power panel (“EM”). This panel services three
(3) emergency lighting panels (i.e., “EA”, “EB”, and “EC”). Panel “EC” also provides
emergency power to the elevator and two (2) smoke exhaust fans.
The lighting system operates with 277 volts, T-12 lamps and Magnetic Ballast.
There is no occupancy sensor and the lights are generally kept “ON” most of the time.
Exit lights are two types: incandescent and L.E.D.

HVAC System:
General
The HVAC system consists of one water-cooled chiller and one steam to hot
water converters that supply chilled water and hot water to seven main Air Handling
Units (AHUs) and two air pressurizing AHUs for the stair halls. The information on the
AHUs is shown in Table. 2.

6
Figure.1. Main Power Riser Diagram

2
Table.2. Air Handling Unit Schedule
No. Area Served Design Design HP Note
CFM S.P. in WG
AHU- 1 Tower Cold Deck 31,500 4.0 30 AHU 1&2 serve
AHU- 2 Tower Hot Deck 10,500 3.5 15 North, East, and
South of Floor 1, 3,
4, 5, and 6
AHU- 3 Tower Cold Deck 20,100 4.0 25 AHU 3&4 serve
AHU- 4 Tower Hot Deck 9,300 3.50 10 North, West, and
South of Floor 1, 3,
4, 5, and 6
AHU- 5 2nd Floor 1,800 2.25 1.5
Computer Lab
AHU- 6 Auditorium 5,400 2.25 5
AHU- 7 Lecture Rooms 1, 8,800 15
2, 3, and 4
AHU- 8 Stair hall 16,600 0.5 5
Pressurization
AHU- 9 Stair hall 10,200 0.5 5
Pressurization
All Motors are rated for 460V and three phase electric supply. AHUs operate with a
pneumatic control system.

Four Variable Air Volume (VAV) air-handling units (AHUs number 1, 2, 3, and
4) serve the main portion of the building. Each system consists of one cooling air (cold
deck) handling unit and one heating air (hot deck) handling unit. Each of these systems
supplies half of the building, which is divided vertically into two towers. The computer
room, auditorium, and lecture rooms are each supplied by their own air-handling units.
The classrooms on the first floor are also being served by these two systems.

7
Air Handling Units for Cold Duct Side for Variable Air Volume System
The configurations for AHU- 1 and AHU- 3 are shown in Figure.2.

Figure.2. Cold Duct Side of a Typical Dual Duct VAV System

These AHUs (1 and 3) were designed to operate as follows: “These units provide
the cold air for the variable volume system. Each unit shall operate through a central
program clock, which shall stop and start the unit. On morning start up the fresh air
damper shall remain closed, the return air damper shall be open. When the returned air
temperature reaches 72°F, the outside air damper shall modulate to 100% outside air and
the return air damper shall modulate closed to maintain a supply temperature of 55°F,
which will be maintained from a discharge controller. On a continued rise in the return air
temperature above 78°F, the chilled water valve shall modulate open to provide chilled
water to the cooling coils in the air-handling unit. When the chilled water valve is
modulating to an open position, separate enthalpy sensors in the return duct and fresh air
intake duct shall control the fresh air and return air dampers so that the air with the lowest
total heat content is supplied to the unit coils. Inlet vanes on each unit shall be controlled
from a pressure controller in the supply duct. On the night cycle, the unit will be de-
energized and the outside air damper will close.”

8
 Currently the inlet vanes are stuck in ‘Full Open Position’ because of the
improper location of the static pressure sensor. At the present time the static pressure
sensor is located at the discharge of the supply air fan. The outdoor air dampers are
closed and the economizer controls are not operating.

Air Handling Units for Hot Duct Side for Variable Air Volume System
The configuration for AHU- 2 and AHU- 4 is shown in Figure.3.

Figure.3. Hot Duct Side of a Typical Dual Duct VAV System

These AHUs (2 and 4) were designed to operate as follows: “These units provide
air for the double-ducted variable air volume boxes, which serve the perimeter of the
building. The unit fan shall be energized when the outside air is below 60°F, the 3-way
valve on the hot water coil shall be controlled from an indoor-outdoor controller with an
outdoor bulb and a duct temperature sensor in the supply air duct to schedule the supply
air temperature to the system. When the outside is 60°F, the supply air temperature shall
be 70°F. When the outside air is 15°F, supply air shall be 115°F. Inlet vanes on the fan
shall be modulated from a pressure sensor in the supply duct. A central program clock
shall stop and start the fan on a pre-determined schedule.

9
 On the night cycle, the unit fan shall be stopped and hot water valve open to the
coil. A separate setting low temperature thermostat (55°F) shall start the fan to maintain
low temperature setting in the space.” Currently the night cycle system is not utilized
because the existing control system cannot support this action. The activation of the night
cycle operation (as mentioned above) is being considered according to the director of the
Physical Plant.
From the above two configurations, it is clear that outdoor air (ventilation air)
intake capability is available through ‘Cold Duct’ only. In other words, the building is not
meeting the current ASHRAE Standard 62 ‘Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air
Quality’ during severe cold weather when only ‘Hot Duct’ AHU is in operation.
The main building air distribution system, along with the lecture rooms, consists
of a hot duct and a cold duct, which supplies both dual duct terminal units and single duct
terminal units from two centrally, located duct shafts. The dual duct terminal units serve
the perimeter of the building and the single duct terminal units serve the interior of the
building. Both the computer room and the auditorium are served by constant volume air
handling units.

Dual Duct V.A.V Boxes (Heating & Cooling) Perimeter

Figure.4 shows the dual duct VAV boxes.

Figure.4. A Typical Dual Duct VAV Box

10
 The dual duct box was designed to operate as follows: “Day Cycle: Thermostat
shall be two-temperature control, 68°F heating, 78°F cooling. Below 68°F the hot duct
shall be open, at 68°F the damper shall modulate toward a closed position, 70°F the
damper shall modulate 2/3 closed, at 74°F the cold duct shall start to open, at 76°F the
hot duct shall close, at 80°F the cold duct shall be 100% open. Night Cycle: The cold
duct shall be closed and the hot duct open.”

Single Duct V.A.V Interior Boxes (Cooling only)

Figure.5 shows the single duct VAV boxes.

Figure.5. Dingle Duct VAV Box

The single duct box was designed to operate as follows: “The space thermostat
shall modulate the damper to maintain space condition. On the night cycle the damper
shall be open. When the return air temperature in the plenum reaches 72°F the damper in
the unit shall return to the control of the space thermostat.”
The building control system is a pneumatic system and is started and stopped by a
time clock located in the first floor mechanical room. Each office, classroom and lecture
room is set up to be its own zone of control by either a dual duct terminal unit or a single
duct terminal unit.
Inlet vanes and static pressure sensor (incorrectly located near the discharge of
cold air AHU) control the airflow from each variable volume air-handling unit. Discharge
air sensors control the discharge air temperature (set-point is 72 (±1)ºF for summer and

11
68(±1)ºF for winter) from each of the variable air volume air-handling unit, which
maintains a constant temperature to the terminal units.
The remainder of the building, the stairs, restrooms and the break room are served
by a combination of unit heaters, fan coil units, exhaust fans, fin tube radiation and wall-
mounted heaters. The two outer stairwells are smoke towers and are separated from the
building by open vestibules. Fans located on the roof for smoke control pressurize the
center stairwell and the elevator shafts.

Chiller
McNair Hall was occupied in 1986 and it looks that the equipment was installed
in 1985. A 225-ton water-cooled chiller manufactured by Trane produces the chilled
water. This chiller is located in the first floor mechanical room. The Chiller specifications
are:
Centrifugal Type – Water Cooled – compressor operates with a 3 phase, 460-volt motor
Capacity 225 tons
KW 160
Entering CHW 45°F
Leaving CHW 57°F
GPM (evaporator) 450 (10 HP CHW Pump)
GPM (condenser) 675
Refrigerant R-11
Condenser 2 pass – P.D. 15 feet Head
Evaporator 2 pass – P.D. 15 feet Head
40-gallon expansion tank is provided for Chilled Water system.

Cooling Tower
Baltimore Air Coil (BAC) cooling tower with a two-speed motor is located on the
exterior of the building adjacent to the first floor mechanical room. It serves to reject the
heat from the chiller. The cooling tower has the following data:

12
Horizontal Draw Thru – Propeller Type – 2 Speed Motor
EWT LWT WBT CFM GPM HP Electric Nominal
Power Capacity
95°F 85°F 78°F 57,800 675 10 460 - 3Φ 250 tons

Steam-Hot Water Converters

Domestic hot water:
A steam to hot water converter with the following data is located in the first floor
mechanical room. It generates the domestic hot water for restrooms:
24 inch diameter – 54 inch long – 100 gal storage – 100 GPH - 80°F rise – 5 psig steam
AHU heating coils:
Heating Converter: 150 GPM – 150°F EWT - 180°F LWT – 10 ft. P.D. – 5 psig steam
The steam is supplied from the campus central steam loop. Chilled water and hot
water are circulated throughout the building.

13
 TASK ONE: DOCUMENT EXISTING ENERGY USE

Subtask 1B: Install Instrumentation

The power meter, amp meter, and the data loggers were installed Room # 114
McNair Hall on the main panel of the McNair Hall main power supply to measure the
electrical power input to the McNair Hall.

Subtask 1A: Collect record of the recent energy use for McNair Hall
Monitoring of Cold Deck Motor
The monitoring installation for the cold deck (AHU 1) was completed on July 29,
2003. Three weeks (7/29/03 – 8/20/03) of data has been collected prior to installation of
the new motor & VFD. Figure.6 shows the set-up for data collection. The motor is three
phase, and rated at 460 volts and the nameplate data is as follows:
30 HP, 1765 rpm, 460 volts, and 39.7 Full Load Amps (FLA) The voltage was assumed
to remain constant and an Average Power Factor assumed to be 0.85.

Figure.6. Data Collection from the Motor

The data has shown an average power input of 23.83 KW and average Amps of
35.17. The maximum demand is 26.07 KW and the minimum is 20.79 KW. Figure.7

14
shows the diagram for the Air Handling Unit. These numbers are matched (with an
acceptable accuracy) with the theoretical calculation from the motor nameplate data.

M c N a ir A H U- C o ld D uc t F a n D a t a - k W D e m a nd

27.00

26.00

25.00

24.00

23.00

22.00

21.00

20.00

Figure.7. Data of the Input Power for AHU-1

The total energy consumption of the motor is 12,468 KWH, which is shown in
Figure.8.

M c N a ir A H U- C o ld D uc t F a n D a t a - C um la t iv e k WH

14000.00

12000.00

10000.00

8000.00

6000.00

4000.00

2000.00

0.00

15
 Figure.8. Data for Energy Consumption for AHU-1

Table.3 below shows the summary of the collected data

Table.3. Pre-Retrofit Summary Data for AHU-1

Duration 7/29/03 – 8/20/03
Maximum KW (Calculated with Amps) 26.07
Minimum KW (Calculated with Amps) 20.79
Average KW (Calculated with Amps) 23.83
Total hours 523.25
Total KWH 12,468
Average Amps 35.17

Chiller:
The McNair chiller was monitored from 7/22/03 to 8/5/03. Chiller readings from
the HOBO unit were compared to other instruments, and a data comparison summary was
written. Figure.9 shows the data collection for the chiller.
A 225-ton water-cooled chiller manufactured by Trane produces the chilled water.
This chiller is located in the first floor mechanical room. The Chiller specifications are:
- Centrifugal Type – Water Cooled – compressor operates with a 3 phase, 460-volt motor
- Capacity 225 tons
- KW 160

16
 Figure.9. Data Collection from Chiller
The data shows an average power input of 88.74 KW and average Amps of
131.03. The maximum demand is 107.68 KW and the minimum is 76.46 KW. Figure.10
shows the diagram for the Chiller. Some of the data, which show extreme values for
certain amount of time, was considered unreliable and neglected. The chiller operates
from 48% to 67% of its full load capacity.

M c N a ir C hille r D a t a - k W D e m a nd

130.00

120.00

110.00

100.00

90.00

80.00

70.00

60.00

Figure.10. Data of the Input Power for Chiller

17
 The total electrical energy consumption of the Chiller is 30,223 KWH, which is
shown in Figure.11.

M c N a ir C hille r D a t a - C um la t iv e k WH

35000.00

30000.00

25000.00

20000.00

15000.00

10000.00

5000.00

0.00

Figure.11. Data for Energy Consumption for Chiller

Table.4 below shows the summary of the collected data

Table.4. Pre-Retrofit Summary Data for Chiller

Duration 7/22/03 – 8/5/03
Maximum KW (Calculated with Amps) 107.68
Minimum KW (Calculated with Amps) 76.46
Average KW (Calculated with Amps) 88.74
Total hours 340.4
Total KWH 30,223
Average Amps 131.03

18
Total Power:
A decision was made in late July 2003 to install a monitor on the total power
consumed by McNair Hall. Figure.12 shows the setup for data collection for the McNair
Hall.

Figure.12. Data Collection for McNair Hall

The data shows an average power input of 378 KW. The maximum demand is
533 KW and the minimum is 273 KW. Figure.6 shows the diagram for the total electrical
power consumed by McNair Hall. Some of the data, which show extreme values for
certain amount of time, was considered unreliable and neglected. Figure.13 shows the
demand for McNair Hall.

19
 kWH

250
300
350
400
450
500
550

0.00
10000.00
20000.00
30000.00
40000.00
50000.00
60000.00
70000.00
80000.00
90000.00
08/26/03 09:58:52.0
08/26/03 15:58:52.0
08/26/03 21:58:52.0
08/27/03 03:58:52.0
08/27/03 09:58:52.0
08/27/03 15:58:52.0
08/27/03 21:58:52.0
08/28/03 03:58:52.0
08/28/03 09:58:52.0

which is shown in Figure.14.

08/28/03 15:58:52.0
08/28/03 21:58:52.0
08/29/03 03:58:52.0
08/29/03 09:58:52.0
08/29/03 15:58:52.0
08/29/03 21:58:52.0
08/30/03 03:58:52.0
08/30/03 09:58:52.0

20
08/30/03 15:58:52.0
08/30/03 21:58:52.0
D a t e & Ti m e

08/31/03 03:58:52.0

Date & Time

08/31/03 09:58:52.0
08/31/03 15:58:52.0

Table.5 below shows the summary of the collected data.

08/31/03 21:58:52.0
McNair Total Pow er-Dem and kW

McNair Total Power-Cumlative kWH

09/01/03 03:58:52.0
09/01/03 09:58:52.0
09/01/03 15:58:52.0
09/01/03 21:58:52.0
09/02/03 03:58:52.0
09/02/03 09:58:52.0
09/02/03 15:58:52.0
Figure.13. Data of the Input Power for McNair Hall

09/02/03 21:58:52.0

Figure.14. Data for Energy Consumption for McNair Hall

09/03/03 03:58:52.0
09/03/03 09:58:52.0
09/03/03 15:58:52.0
09/03/03 21:58:52.0
09/04/03 03:58:52.0
09/04/03 09:58:52.0
The total electrical energy consumption of McNair Hall is 82,024.75 KWH,
 Table.5. Pre-Retrofit Summary Data for McNair Hall
Duration 8/26/03 – 9/4/03
Maximum KW (Calculated with Amps) 533
Minimum KW (Calculated with Amps) 273
Average KW (Calculated with Amps) 378
Total hours 216.75
Total KWH 82,024.75

21
 TASK 2: EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION/RETROFIT

Subtask 2A and 2B: Replace the fan-motor and install the VFD
Motor Replacement and VFD
The original motor installed in AHU-1 was a Westinghouse Model No. TBDP, 30
hp. 1765 rpm, 460 volt, 3 phase motor, which was approximately 85% efficient. This
motor was replaced with a Toshiba Industrial Duty Model B0304VLFIUSH, 30 hp, 1800-
rpm, 460 volt, and 3-phase motor. The Toshiba motor is a “Premium Efficiency Motor”
approximately 94% efficient. This motor was installed with a Toshiba Industrial Duty E3
Series Variable Frequency Drive (VFD).
The original static pressure sensor that controlled the inlet vanes on the fan was
installed (incorrectly by the contractor) within 6 feet of the discharge of the unit. This
sensor was removed and replaced with a new sensor installed approximately 2/3 the
length of the main supply duct from the discharge of the unit.

Subtask 2C: Install the Instrumentation/controls:

Carbon Dioxide Monitoring in Classroom
The carbon dioxide concentration (in PPM) was monitored at different times
throughout the project in classroom 135 and at different times throughout the 1st and 2nd
floors, both during classes and after classes. See graphs No.1 & 2 for data collected.

Direct Digital Controls

Direct Digital Control (DDC) components were installed to replace the existing
pneumatic devices on AHU-1. These DDC components provide control of the new VFD
for static pressure, chilled water valve operation, fresh air ventilation and economizer
operation.
The VFD is ramped up or down varying the speed of the supply fan motor to
maintain the static pressure set point as the pressure varies with the operation of the
terminal boxes within the system.

22
 The chilled water is modulated to maintain supply air temperature off the coil. As
the mixed air temperature changes based on the load and outside air conditions, the
chilled water valve is opened and closed.
The outside air and return air damper are modulated open and closed to provide
fresh air to the building to maintain the CO2 set point.
During the economizer operation the outside air and the return air enthalpy’s
monitored and the outside air and return air dampers are modulated to maintain discharge
air set point or to provide air to the cooling coil with the least amount of energy requiring
mechanical cooling.

23
 TASK 3: MONITORING AND REPORTING

Subtask 3A: Monitoring energy use, CO2 Level

Collecting the Energy Consumption:
The monitoring installation for the cold deck (AHU 1) was completed on July 29,
2003. Four weeks (11/18/03-12/18/03) of data has been collected after the installation of
the new motor & VFD. The data collected between November 4 and November 18 of
2004 was not reliable, since the amp meter was installed after the VFD. On November 18
the location of the Amp meter was change to before the VFD.
The data has shown an average power input of 5.98 KW. The maximum demand
is 21.27 KW and the minimum is 0.2 KW. Figure.14 shows the diagram for the Air
Handling Unit. Table.4 below shows the summary of the collected data

Table.6. Summary Data for AHU-1 After Retrofit

Duration 11/18/03-12/18/03
Maximum KW (Calculated with Amps) 21.27
Minimum KW (Calculated with Amps) .02
Average KW (Calculated with Amps) 5.98
Total hours 720
Total KWH 4306.82

24
 kW kW

0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
50.00

11/26/03 11:51:50.0 11/04/03 14:15:26.0

11/27/03 16:06:50.0 11/05/03 03:00:26.0

11/28/03 20:21:50.0 11/05/03 15:45:26.0
11/30/03 00:36:50.0 11/06/03 04:30:26.0
12/01/03 04:51:50.0 11/06/03 17:15:26.0
12/02/03 09:06:50.0 11/07/03 06:00:26.0
12/03/03 13:21:50.0 11/07/03 18:45:26.0
12/04/03 17:36:50.0 11/08/03 07:30:26.0
12/05/03 21:51:50.0 11/08/03 20:15:26.0
12/07/03 02:06:50.0 11/09/03 09:00:26.0
12/08/03 06:21:50.0 11/09/03 21:45:26.0
12/09/03 10:36:50.0 11/10/03 10:30:26.0
12/10/03 14:51:50.0 11/10/03 23:15:26.0
12/11/03 19:06:50.0 11/11/03 12:00:26.0
12/12/03 23:21:50.0 11/12/03 00:45:26.0
12/14/03 03:36:50.0 11/12/03 13:30:26.0
12/15/03 07:51:50.0 11/13/03 02:15:26.0
12/16/03 12:06:50.0 11/13/03 15:00:26.0
12/17/03 16:21:50.0
11/14/03 03:45:26.0
12/18/03 20:36:50.0

25
11/14/03 16:30:26.0
12/20/03 00:51:50.0
11/15/03 05:15:26.0
12/21/03 05:06:50.0
11/15/03 18:00:26.0
12/22/03 09:21:50.0
11/16/03 06:45:26.0
12/23/03 13:36:50.0
11/16/03 19:30:26.0
12/24/03 17:51:50.0
11/17/03 08:15:26.0
12/25/03 22:06:50.0
11/17/03 21:00:26.0
McNair AHU-1 (CD) Data - kW Demand
McNair AHU-1 (CD) Data - kW Demand

12/27/03 02:21:50.0
11/18/03 09:45:26.0
12/28/03 06:36:50.0
11/18/03 22:30:26.0
12/29/03 10:51:50.0
11/19/03 11:15:26.0
12/30/03 15:06:50.0
11/20/03 00:00:26.0
12/31/03 19:21:50.0
11/20/03 12:45:26.0
01/01/04 23:36:50.0
11/21/03 01:30:26.0
01/03/04 03:51:50.0
11/21/03 14:15:26.0

Figure.15. Power Demand for AHU-1 After Retrofit

01/04/04 08:06:50.0
11/22/03 03:00:26.0
01/05/04 12:21:50.0
11/22/03 15:45:26.0
01/06/04 16:36:50.0
11/23/03 04:30:26.0
01/07/04 20:51:50.0
11/23/03 17:15:26.0
01/09/04 01:06:50.0
11/24/03 06:00:26.0
01/10/04 05:21:50.0
11/24/03 18:45:26.0
01/11/04 09:36:50.0
11/25/03 07:30:26.0
01/12/04 13:51:50.0
11/25/03 20:15:26.0
01/13/04 18:06:50.0

Status of the dampers and motors, CO2 level, and so forth. This program based on the
basis. The program, ComfortView, is capable of collecting various variables such as the
McNair Hall, to monitor the building mechanical equipment performance in a regular

energy consumption of the building and AHU, Inside and Outside temperatures, RH,
In February 2004, a new Data Acquisition System has been installed in room 437,
11/26/03 09:00:26.0
temperature also controls the VFD operation. Figure.16 shows the Screen Display of
ComfortView.

Figure.16. ComfortView Software

The data collected in the months of March and April are shown in Figures 17
through 24. The system was shut down for 6 days in March and 5 days in April due to the
power outage or installation procedures. Therefore it is important to notice that the
energy consumption is not for the whole month. Table.7 shows the summary of the data
for the months of March and April. Currently, the system is working and collecting the
data on daily basis with the time interval of ten minutes.

26
 3/31/2004
3/30/2004 3/31/2004
3/30/2004
3/29/2004

Figure.18. Power Demand for McNair in March (After Retrofit)

Figure.17. Power Demand for AHU-1 in March (After Retrofit)

3/29/2004
3/28/2004
3/28/2004
3/27/2004 3/27/2004
3/26/2004 3/26/2004
3/25/2004 3/25/2004
3/24/2004 3/24/2004
3/23/2004 3/23/2004
3/22/2004 3/22/2004
3/21/2004 3/21/2004
3/20/2004 3/20/2004
3/19/2004 3/19/2004
3/18/2004 3/18/2004
3/17/2004 3/17/2004
3/16/2004 3/16/2004
3/15/2004 3/15/2004

27
3/14/2004 3/14/2004
3/13/2004 3/13/2004
3/12/2004 3/12/2004
3/11/2004 3/11/2004
3/10/2004 3/10/2004
3/9/2004 3/9/2004
3/8/2004 3/8/2004
3/7/2004 3/7/2004
3/6/2004 3/6/2004
3/5/2004 3/5/2004
3/4/2004 3/4/2004
3/3/2004 3/3/2004
3/2/2004 3/2/2004
3/1/2004 3/1/2004

400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
KW KW
 3/31/2004 3/31/2004
3/30/2004 3/30/2004
3/29/2004 3/29/2004

Figure.20. Energy Usage of McNair in March (After Retrofit)

Figure.19. Energy Usage of AHU-1 in March (After Retrofit)

3/28/2004 3/28/2004
3/27/2004 3/27/2004
3/26/2004 3/26/2004
3/25/2004 3/25/2004
3/24/2004 3/24/2004
3/23/2004 3/23/2004
3/22/2004 3/22/2004
3/21/2004 3/21/2004
3/20/2004 3/20/2004
3/19/2004 3/19/2004
3/18/2004
3/18/2004 3/17/2004
3/17/2004 3/16/2004
3/16/2004 3/15/2004
3/15/2004 3/14/2004

28
3/14/2004 3/13/2004
3/13/2004 3/12/2004
3/12/2004 3/11/2004
3/11/2004 3/10/2004
3/10/2004 3/9/2004
3/9/2004 3/8/2004
3/8/2004 3/7/2004
3/7/2004 3/6/2004
3/6/2004 3/5/2004
3/5/2004 3/4/2004
3/4/2004 3/3/2004
3/3/2004 3/2/2004
3/2/2004 3/1/2004
3/1/2004

120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
KWh KWh
 4/30/2004 4/30/2004
4/29/2004 4/29/2004
4/28/2004 4/28/2004

Figure.22. Power Demand for McNair in April (After Retrofit)

Figure.21. Power Demand for AHU-1 in April (After Retrofit)

4/27/2004 4/27/2004
4/26/2004 4/26/2004
4/25/2004 4/25/2004
4/24/2004 4/24/2004
4/23/2004 4/23/2004
4/22/2004 4/22/2004
4/21/2004 4/21/2004
4/20/2004 4/20/2004
4/19/2004 4/19/2004
4/18/2004 4/18/2004
4/17/2004 4/17/2004
4/16/2004 4/16/2004
4/15/2004 4/15/2004

29
4/14/2004 4/14/2004
4/13/2004
4/13/2004
4/12/2004
4/12/2004
4/11/2004
4/11/2004
4/10/2004
4/10/2004 4/9/2004
4/9/2004 4/8/2004
4/8/2004 4/7/2004
4/7/2004 4/6/2004
4/6/2004 4/5/2004
4/5/2004 4/4/2004
4/4/2004 4/3/2004
4/3/2004 4/2/2004
4/2/2004 4/1/2004
4/1/2004

450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
KW KW
 4/30/2004
4/29/2004
4/28/2004
Figure.23. Energy Usage of AHU-1 in April (After Retrofit)

4/27/2004
4/26/2004
4/25/2004
4/24/2004
4/23/2004
4/22/2004
4/21/2004
4/20/2004
4/19/2004
4/18/2004
4/17/2004
4/16/2004
4/15/2004

30
4/14/2004
4/13/2004
4/12/2004
4/11/2004
4/10/2004
4/9/2004
4/8/2004
4/7/2004
4/6/2004
4/5/2004
4/4/2004
4/3/2004
4/2/2004
4/1/2004
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
KWh