Charter of The United Nations

Ilham Alhaq alhaq28@gmail.
com +6281279218620 United Nations Charter
WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED Article 1

NATIONS DETERMINED to save The Purposes of the United Nations
succeeding generations from the scourge are:
of war, which twice in our lifetime has
1. To maintain international peace and
brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to
security, and to that end: to take
reaffirm faith in fundamental human
effective collective measures for the
rights, in the dignity and worth of the
prevention and removal of threats to
human person, in the equal rights of men
the peace, and for the suppression of
and women and of nations large and
acts of aggression or other breaches of
small, and to establish conditions under
the peace, and to bring about by
which justice and respect for the
peaceful means, and in conformity
obligations arising from treaties and other
with the principles of justice and
sources of international law can be
international law, adjustment or
maintained, and to promote social
settlement of international disputes or
progress and better standards of life in
situations which might lead to a
larger freedom, AND FOR THESE ENDS
breach of the peace;
to practice tolerance and live together in
peace with one another as good 2. To develop friendly relations among
neighbours, and to unite our strength to nations based on respect for the
maintain international peace and security, principle of equal rights and self-
and to ensure, by the acceptance of determination of peoples, and to take
principles and the institution of methods, other appropriate measures to
that armed force shall not be used, save in strengthen universal peace;
the common interest, and to employ 3. To achieve international co-operation
international machinery for the promotion in solving international problems of
of the economic and social advancement an economic, social, cultural, or
of all peoples, HAVE RESOLVED TO humanitarian character, and in
COMBINE OUR EFFORTS TO promoting and encouraging respect
ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS for human rights and for fundamental
Accordingly, our respective Governments, freedoms for all without distinction as
through representatives assembled in the to race, sex, language, or religion; and
city of San Francisco, who have exhibited
their full powers found to be in good and 4. To be a centre for harmonizing the
due form, have agreed to the present actions of nations in the attainment of
Charter of the United Nations and do these common ends.
hereby establish an international
organization to be known as the United
Nations.
CHAPTER I
PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES
1
Ilham Alhaq alhaq28@gmail.com +6281279218620 United Nations Charter
Nations to intervene in matters which
Article 2
are essentially within the domestic
The Organization and its Members, in jurisdiction of any state or shall
pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article require the Members to submit such
1, shall act in accordance with the matters to settlement under the present
following Principles. Charter; but this principle shall not
1. The Organization is based on the prejudice the application of
principle of the sovereign equality of enforcement measures under Chapter
all its Members. VII.
2. All Members, in order to ensure to all CHAPTER II
of them the rights and benefits
resulting from membership, shall MEMBERSHIP
fulfill in good faith the obligations Article 3
assumed by them in accordance with
the present Charter. The original Members of the United
Nations shall be the states which, having
3. All Members shall settle their participated in the United Nations
international disputes by peaceful Conference on International Organization
means in such a manner that at San Francisco, or having previously
international peace and security, and. signed the Declaration by United Nations
justice, are not endangered. of 1 January 1942, sign the present
4. All Members shall refrain in their Charter and ratify it in accordance with
international relations from the threat Article 110.
or use of force against the territorial Article 4
integrity or political independence of
any state, or in any other manner 1. Membership in the United Nations is
inconsistent with the Purposes of the open to a other peace-loving states
United Nations. which accept the obligations
contained in the present Charter and,
5. All Members shall give the United in the judgment of the Organization,
Nations every assistance in any action are able and willing to carry out these
it takes in accordance with the present obligations.
Charter, and shall refrain from giving
assistance to any state against which 2. The admission of any such state to
the United Nations is taking membership in the Nations will be
preventive or enforcement action. effected by a decision of the General
Assembly upon the recommendation
6. The Organization shall ensure that of the Security Council.
states which are not Members of the
United Nations act in accordance with
these Principles so far as may be
necessary for the maintenance of
international peace and security. Article 5
7. Nothing contained in the present A Member of the United Nations against
Charter shall authorize the United which preventive or enforcement action
2
has been taken by the Security Council 1. The General Assembly shall consist of
may be suspended from the exercise of all the Members of the United
the rights and privileges of membership Nations.
by the General Assembly upon the 2. Each Member shall have not more
recommendation of the Security Council. than five representatives in the
The exercise of these rights and privileges General Assembly.
may be restored by the Security Council.
Functions and Powers
Article 6
Article 10
A Member of the United Nations which
has persistently violated the Principles The General Assembly may discuss any
contained in the present Charter may be' questions or any matters within the scope
expelled from the Organization by the of the present Charter or relating to the
General Assembly upon the powers and functions of any organs
recommendation of the Security Council. provided for in the present Charter, and,
except as provided in Article 12, may
CHAPTER III make recommendations to the Members
of the United Nations or to the Security
ORGANS
Council or to both on any such questions
Article 7 or matters.
1. There are established as the principal Article 11
organs of the United Nations: a
1. The General Assembly may consider
General Assembly, a Security Council,
the general principles of co-operation
an Economic and Social Council, a
in the maintenance of international
Trusteeship Council, an International
peace and security, including the
Court of Justice, and a Secretariat.
principles governing disarmament and
2. Such subsidiary organs as may be the regulation of armaments, and may
found necessary may be established in make recommendations with regard to
accordance with the present Charter. such principles to the Members or to
Article 8 the Security Council or to both.
The United Nations shall place no 2. The General Assembly may discuss
restrictions on the eligibility of men and any questions relating to the
women to participate in any capacity and maintenance of international peace
under conditions of equality in its and security brought before it by any
principal and subsidiary organs. Member of the United Nations, or by
the Security Council, or by a state
CHAPTER IV which is not a Member of the United
Nations in accordance with Article 35,
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY paragraph 2, and, except as provided
Composition in Article 12, may make
recommendations with regard to any
Article 9 such questions to the state or states
concerned or to the Security Council
3
or to both. Any such question on development of international law
which action is necessary shall be and its codification;
referred to the Security Council by the b. promoting international co-
General Assembly either before or operation in the economic, social,
after discussion. cultural, educational, and health
3. The General Assembly may call the fields, an assisting in the
attention of the Security Council to realization of human rights and
situations which are likely to endanger fundamental freedoms for all
international peace and security. without distinction as to race, sex,
4. The powers of the General Assembly language, or religion.
set forth in this Article shall not limit 2. The further responsibilities, functions
the general scope of Article 10. and powers of the General with
respect to matters mentioned in
Article 12
paragraph ) above are set forth in
1. While the Security Council is Chapters IX and X.
exercising in respect of any dispute
or situation the functions assigned to Article 14
it in the present Charter, the General Subject to the provisions of Article 12, the
Assembly shall not make any General Assembly may recommend
recommendation with regard to that measures for the peaceful adjustment of
dispute or situation unless the any situation, regardless of origin, which
Security Council so requests. it deems likely to impair the general
2. The Secretary-General, with the welfare or friendly relations among
consent of the Security Council, shall nations, including situations resulting
notify the General Assembly at each from a violation of the provisions of the
session of any matters relative to the present Charter setting forth the Purposes
maintenance of international peace and Principles of the United Nations.
and security which are being dealt Article 15
with by the Security Council and
1. The General Assembly shall receive
similarly notify the General
and consider annual and special
Assembly, or the Members of the
reports from the Security Council;
United Nations if the General
these reports shall include an account
Assembly is not in session,
of the measures that the Security
immediately the Security Council
Council has decided upon or taken to
ceases to deal with such matters.
maintain international peace and
Article 13 security.
1. The General Assembly shall initiate 2. The General Assembly shall receive
studies and make recommendations and consider reports from the other
for the purpose of: organs of the United Nations.
a. promoting international co- Article 16
operation in the political field and
encouraging the progressive
4
The General Assembly shall perform such admission of new Members to the
functions with respect to the international United Nations, the suspension of the
trusteeship system as are assigned to it rights and privileges of membership,
under Chapters XII and XIII, including the expulsion of Members, questions
the approval of the trusteeship agreements relating to the operation of the
for areas not designated as strategic. trusteeship system, and budgetary
questions.
Article 17
3. Decisions on other questions,
1. The General Assembly shall consider
including the determination of
and approve the budget of the
additional categories of questions to
Organization.
be decided by a two-thirds majority,
2. The expenses of the Organization shall be made by a majority of the
shall be borne by the Members as members present and voting.
apportioned by the General Assembly.
Article 19
3. The Assembly shall consider and
approve any financial and budgetary A Member of the United Nations which is
arrangements with specialize agencies in arrears in the payment of its financial
referred to in Article 57 and shall contributions to the Organization shall
examine the administrative budgets of have no vote in the General Assembly if
such specialized agencies with a view the amount of its arrears equals or
to making recommendations to the exceeds the amount of the contributions
agencies concerned. due from it for the preceding two full
years. The General Assembly may,
Voting nevertheless, permit such a Member to
vote if it is satisfied that the failure to pay
is due to conditions beyond the of the
Article 18 Member.
1. Each member of the General Procedure
Assembly shall have one vote.
2. Decisions of the General Assembly on
Article 20
important questions shall be made by The General Assembly shall meet in
a two- thirds majority of the members regular annual sessions and in such
present and voting. These questions special sessions as occasion may require.
shall include: recommendations with Special sessions shall be convoked by the
respect to the maintenance of Secretary-General at the request of the
international peace and security, the Security Council or of a majority of the
election of the non-permanent Members of the United Nations.
members of the Security Council, the Article 21
election of the members of the
Economic and Social Council, the The General Assembly shall adopt its own
election of members of the rules of procedure. It shall elect its
Trusteeship Council in accordance President for each session.
with paragraph 1 of Article 86, the Article 22
5
The General Assembly may establish such 1. In order to ensure prompt and
subsidiary organs as it deems necessary effective action by the United Nations,
for the performance of its functions. its Members confer on the Security
Council primary responsibility for the
CHAPTER V maintenance of international peace
THE SECURITY COUNCIL and security, and agree that in
carrying out its duties under this
Composition responsibility the Security Council
Article 23 acts on their behalf.
1. The Security Council shall consist of 2. In discharging these duties the
fifteen Members of the United Security Council shall act in
Nations. The Republic of China, accordance with the Purposes and
France, the Union of Soviet Socialist , Principles of the United Nations. The
the United Kingdom of Great Britain specific powers granted to the
and Northern Ireland, and the United Security Council for the discharge of
States of America shall be permanent these duties are laid down in Chapters
members of the Security Council. The VI, VII, VIII, and XII.
General Assembly shall elect ten other 3. The Security Council shall submit
Members of the United Nations to be annual and, when necessary, special
non-permanent members of the reports to the General Assembly for its
Security Council, due regard being consideration.
specially paid, in the first in- stance to
Article 25
the contribution of Members of the
United Nations to the maintenance of The Members of the United Nations agree
international peace and security and to accept and carry out the decisions of
to the other purposes of the the Security Council in accordance with
Organization, and also to equitable the present Charter.
geographical distribution. Article 26
2. The non-permanent members of the In order to promote the establishment and
Security Council shall be elected for a maintenance of international peace and
term of two years. In the first election security with the least diversion for
of the non- permanent members after armaments of the world's human and
the increase of the membership of the economic resources, the Security Council
Security Council from eleven to shall be responsible for formulating, with
fifteen, two of the four additional the assistance of the Military Staff
members shall be chosen for a term of Committee referred to in Article 47, plans
one year. A retiring member shall not to be submitted to the Members of the
be eligible for immediate re-election. United-Nations for the establishment of a
3. Each member of the Security Council system for the regulation of armaments.
shall have one representative.
Voting
Functions and Powers
Article 27
Article 24
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1. Each member of the Security Council Article 31
shall have one vote.
Any Member of the United Nations which
2. Decisions of the Security Council on is not a member of the Security Council
procedural matters shall be made by may participate, without vote, in the
an affirmative vote of nine members. discussion of any question brought before
3. Decisions of the Security Council on the Security Council whenever the latter
all other matters shall be made by an considers that the interests of that
affirmative vote of nine members Member are specially affected.
including the concurring votes of the Article 32
permanent members; provided that, in
decisions under Chapter VI, and under Any Member of the United Nations which
paragraph 3 of Article 52, a party to a is not a member of the Security Council
dispute shall abstain from voting. or any state which is not a Member of the
United Nations, if it is a party to a dispute
Procedure under consideration by the Security
Article 28 Council, shall be invited to participate,
without vote, in the discussion relating to
1. The Security Council shall be so the dispute. The Security Council shall
organized as to be able to function any down such conditions as it deems just
continuously. Each member of the for the participation of a state which is not
Security Council shall for this purpose a Member of the United Nations.
be represented at times at the seat of
the Organization. CHAPTER VI
2. The Security Council shall hold PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF
meetings at which each of its DISPUTES
members may, if it so desires, be
represented by a member of the Article 33
government or by some other 1. The parties to any dispute, the
specially designated representative. continuance of which is likely to
3. The Security Council may hold endanger the maintenance of
meetings at such places other than the international peace and security, shall,
seat of the Organization as in its first of a, seek a solution by
judgment will best facilitate its work. negotiation, enquiry, mediation,
conciliation, arbitration, judicial
Article 29 settlement, resort to regional agencies
The Security Council may establish such or arrangements, or other peaceful
subsidiary organs as it deems necessary means of their own choice.
for the performance of its functions. 2. The Security Council shall, when it
Article 30 deems necessary, call upon the parties
to settle their dispute by such means.
The Security Council shall adopt its own
rules of procedure, including the method Article 34
of selecting its President.
7
The Security Council may investigate any should also take into consideration
dispute, or any situation which might lead that legal disputes should as a general
to international friction or give rise to a rule be referred by the parties to the
dispute, in order to determine whether the International Court of Justice in
continuance of the dispute or situation is accordance with the provisions of the
likely to endanger the maintenance of Statute of the Court.
international peace and security.
Article 37
Article 35 1. Should the parties to a dispute of the
1. Any Member of the United Nations nature referred to in Article 33 fail to
may bring any dispute, or any settle it by the means indicated in that
situation of the nature referred to in Article, they shall refer it to the
Article 34, to the attention of the Security Council.
Security Council or of the General 2. If the Security Council deems that the
Assembly. continuance of the dispute is in fact
2. A state which is not a Member of the likely to endanger the maintenance of
United Nations may bring to the international peace and security, it
attention of the Security Council or of shall decide whether to take action
the General Assembly any dispute to under Article 36 or to recommend
which it is a party if it accepts in such terms of settlement as it may
advance, for the purposes of the consider appropriate.
dispute, the obligations of pacific
Article 38
settlement provided in the present
Charter. Without prejudice to the provisions of
Articles 33 to 37, the Security Council
3. The proceedings of the General
may, if all the parties to any dispute so
Assembly in respect of matters
request, make recommendations to the
brought to its attention under this
parties with a view to a pacific settlement
Article will be subject to the
of the dispute.
provisions of Articles 11 and 12.
Article 36 CHAPTER VII
1. The Security Council may, at any ACTION WITH RESPECT TO
stage of a dispute of the nature THREATS TO THE PEACE,
referred to in Article 33 or of a BREACHES OF THE PEACE,
situation of like nature, recommend AND ACTS OF AGGRESSION
appropriate procedures or methods of
adjustment. Article 39
2. The Security Council should take into The Security Council shall determine the
consideration any procedures for the existence of any threat to the peace,
settlement of the dispute which have breach of the peace, or act of aggression
already been adopted by the parties. and shall make recommendations, or
decide what measures shall be taken in
3. In making recommendations under
accordance with Articles 4 and 42, to
this Article the Security Council
8
maintain or restore international peace 1. All Members of the United Nations, in
and security. order to contribute to the maintenance
of international peace and security,
Article 40
undertake to make available to the
In order to prevent an aggravation of the Security Council, on its and in
situation, the Security Council may, accordance with a special agreement
before making the recommendations or or agreements, armed forces,
deciding upon the measures provided for assistance, and facilities, including
in Article 39, call upon the parties rights of passage, necessary for the
concerned to comply with such purpose of maintaining international
provisional measures as it deems peace and security.
necessary or desirable. Such provisional
2. Such agreement or agreements shall
measures shall be without prejudice to the
govern the numbers and types of
rights, claims, or position of the parties
forces, their degree of readiness and
concerned. The Security Council shall
general location, and the nature of the
duly take account of failure to comply
facilities and assistance to be
with such provisional measures.
provided.
Article 41 3. The agreement or agreements shall be
The Security Council may decide what negotiated as soon as possible on the
measures not involving the use of armed initiative of the Security Council.
force are to be employed to give effect to They shall be concluded between the
its decisions, and it may call upon the Security Council and Members or
Members of the United Nations to apply between the Security Council and
such measures. These may include groups of Members and shall be
complete or partial interruption of subject to ratification by the signatory
economic relations and of rail, sea, air, states in accordance with their
postal, telegraphic, radio, and other means respective constitutional processes.
of communication, and the severance of
Article 44
diplomatic relations.
When Security Council has decided to use
Article 42 force it shall, before calling upon a
Should the Security Council consider that Member not represented on it to provide
measures provided for in Article 41 would armed forces in fulfilment of the
be inadequate or have proved to be obligations assumed under Article 43,
inadequate, it may take such action by air, invite that Member, if the Member so
sea, or land forces as may be necessary to desires, to participate in the decisions of
maintain or restore international peace the Security Council concerning the
and security. Such action may include employment of contingents of that
demonstrations, blockade, and other Member's armed forces.
operations by air, sea, or land forces of
Article 45
Members of the United Nations.
In order to enable the Nations to take
Article 43 urgent military measures, Members shall
hold immediately available national air-
9
force contingents for combined forces shall be worked out
international enforcement action. The subsequently.
strength and degree of readiness of these 4. The Military Staff Committee, with
contingents and plans for their combined the authorization of the security
action shall be determined, within the Council and after consultation with
limits laid down in the special agreement appropriate regional agencies, may
or agreements referred to in Article 43, by establish sub-commit- tees.
the Security Council with the assistance
of the Military Committee. Article 48
Article 46 1. The action required to carry out the
decisions of the Security Council for
Plans for the application of armed force the maintenance of international peace
shall be made by the Security Council and security shall be taken by all the
with the assistance of the Military Staff Members of the United Nations or by
Committee. some of them, as the Security Council
Article 47 may determine.
1. There shall be established a Military 2. Such decisions shall be carried out by
Staff Committee to advise and assist the Members of the United Nations
the Security Council on questions directly and through their action in the
relating to the Security Council's appropriate international agencies of
military requirements for the which they are members.
maintenance of international peace Article 49
and security, the employment and
command of forces placed at its The Members of the United Nations shall
disposal, the regulation of armaments, join in affording mutual assistance in
and possible disarmament. carrying out the measures decided upon
by the Security Council.
2. The Military Staff Committee consist
of the Chiefs of Staff of the permanent Article 50
members of the Security Council or If preventive or enforcement measures
their representatives. Any Member of against any state are taken by the Security
the United Nations not permanently Council, any other state, whether a
represented on the Committee shall be Member of the United Nations or not,
invited by the Committee to be which finds itself confronted with special
associated with it when the efficient economic problems arising from the
discharge of the Committee's carrying out of those measures shall have
responsibilities requires the the right to consult the Security Council
participation of that Member its work. with regard to a solution of those
3. The Military Staff Committee be problems.
responsible under the Security Article 51
Council for the strategic direction of
any armed forces paced at the disposal Nothing in the present Charter shall
of the Security Council. Questions impair the inherent right of individual or
relating to the command of such collective self-defence if an armed attack
10
occurs against a Member of the United 4. This Article in no way the application
Nations, until the Security Council has of Articles 34 and 35.
taken measures necessary to maintain
Article 53
international peace and security. Measures
taken by Members in the exercise of this 1. The Security Council shall, where
right of self-defence shall be immediately appropriate, utilize such regional
reported to the Security Council and shall arrangements or agencies for
not in any way affect the authority and enforcement action under its authority.
responsibility of the Security Council But no enforcement action shall be
under the present Charter to take at any taken under regional arrangements or
time such action as it deems necessary in by regional agencies without the
order to maintain or restore international authorization of the Security Council,
peace and security. with the exception of measures
against any enemy state, as defined in
Chapter VIII paragraph 2 of this Article, provided
for pursuant to Article 107 or in
REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
regional arrangements directed against
Article 52 renewal of aggressive policy on the
1. Nothing in the present Charter the part of any such state, until such time
existence of regional arrangements or as the Organization may, on request of
agencies for dealing with such matters the Governments concerned, be
relating to the maintenance of charged with the responsibility for
international peace and security as are preventing further aggression by such
appropriate fur regional action, a state.
provided that such arrangements or 2. The term enemy state as used in para-
agencies and their activities are graph 1 of this Article applies to any
consistent with the Purposes and state which during the Second World
Principles of the United Nations. War has been an enemy of any
2. The Members of the United Nations signatory of the present Charter.
entering into such arrangements or Article 54
constituting such agencies shall make
The Security Council shall at all times be
every effort to achieve pacific
kept fully informed of activities
settlement of local disputes through
undertaken or in contemplation under
such regional arrangements or by such
regional arrangements or by regional
regional agencies before referring
agencies for the maintenance of
them to the Security Council.
international peace and security.
3. The Security Council shall encourage
the development of pacific settlement CHAPTER IX
of local disputes through such
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC
regional arrangements or by such
regional agencies either on the AND SOCIAL CO-OPERATION
initiative of the states concerned or by Article 55
reference from the Security Council.
11
With a view to the creation of conditions
of stability and well-being which are
necessary for peaceful and friendly
relations among nations based on respect
for the principle of equal rights and self-
determination of peoples, the United
Nations shall promote:
a. higher standards of living, full
employment, and conditions of
economic and social progress and
development;
b. solutions of international economic,
social, health, and related problems;
and international cultural and
educational co- operation; and
c. universal respect for, and observance
of, human rights and fundamental
freedoms for all without distinction as
to race, sex, language, or religion.
12
Assembly and, under the authority of the
General Assembly, in the Economic and
Article 56
Social Council, which shall have for this
All Members pledge themselves to take purpose the powers set forth in Chapter X.
joint and separate action in co-operation
with the Organization for the achievement CHAPTER X
of the purposes set forth in Article 55.
THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
Article 57 COUNCIL
1. The various specialized agencies, Composition
established by intergovernmental
agreement and having wide Article 61
international responsibilities, as 1. The Economic and Social Council
defined in their basic instruments, in shall consist of fifty-four Members of
economic, social, cultural, the United Nations elected by the
educational, health, and related fields, General Assembly.
shall be brought into relationship with
2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph
the United Nations in accordance
3, eighteen members of the Economic
with the provisions of Article 63.
and Social Council shall be elected
2. Such agencies thus brought into each year for a term of three years. A
relationship with the United Nations retiring member shall be eligible for
are hereinafter referred to as immediate re-election.
specialized agencies.
3. At the first election after the increase
Article 58 in the membership of the Economic
The Organization shall make and Social Council from twenty-seven
recommendations for the co-ordination of to fifty-four members, in addition to
the policies and activities of the the members elected in place of the
specialized agencies. nine members whose term of office
expires at the end of that year, twenty-
Article 59 seven additional members shall be
The Organization shall, where elected. Of these twenty-seven
appropriate, initiate negotiations among additional members, the term of office
the states concerned for the creation of of nine members so elected shall
any new specialized agencies required for expire at the end of one year, and of
the accomplishment of the purposes set nine other members at the end of two
forth in Article 55. years, in accordance with
arrangements made by the General
Assembly.
4. Each member of the Economic and
Article 60 Social Council shall have one
representative.
Responsibility for the discharge of the
functions of the Organization set forth in Functions and Powers
this Chapter shall be vested in the General
13
Article 62 Article 64
1. The Economic and Social Council 1. The Economic and Social Council
may make or initiate studies and may take appropriate steps to obtain
reports with respect to international regular reports from the specialized
economic, social, cultural, agencies. may make arrangements
educational, health, and related with the Members of the United
matters and may make Nations and with the specialized
recommendations with respect to any agencies to obtain reports on the steps
such matters to the General Assembly, taken to give effect to its own
to the Members of the United Nations, recommendations and to
and to the specialized agencies recommendations on matters falling
concerned. within its competence made by the
2. It may make recommendations for the General Assembly.
purpose of promoting respect for, and 2. It may communicate its observations
observance of, human rights and on these reports to the General
fundamental freedoms for all. Assembly.
3. It may prepare draft conventions for Article 65
submission to the General Assembly,
The Economic and Social Council may
with respect to matters falling within
furnish information to the Security
its competence.
Council and shall assist the Security
4. It may call, in accordance with the Council upon its request.
rules prescribed by the United
Nations, international conferences on Article 66
matters falling within its competence. 1. The Economic and Social Council
shall perform such functions as fall
Article 63
within its competence in connexion
1. The Economic and Social Council with the carrying out of the
may enter into agreements with any of recommendations of the General
the agencies referred to in Article 57, Assembly.
defining the terms on which the
2. It may, with the approval of the
agency concerned shall be brought
General Assembly, perform services at
into relationship with the United
the request of Members of the United
Nations. Such agreements shall be
Nations and at the request of
subject to approval by the General
specialized agencies.
Assembly.
3. It shall perform such other functions
2. It may co-ordinate the activities of the
as are specified elsewhere in the
specialized agencies through
present Charter or as may be assigned
consultation with and
to it by the General Assembly.
recommendations to such agencies
and through recommendations to the Voting
General Assembly and to the
Article 67
Members of the United Nations.
14
1. Each member of the Economic and after consultation with the Member of the
Social Council shall have one vote. United Nations concerned.
2. Decisions of the Economic and Social Article 72
Council shall be made by a majority of
1. The Economic and Social Council
the members present and voting.
shall adopt its own rules of procedure,
Procedure including the method of selecting its
President.
Article 68
2. The Economic and Social Council
The Economic and Social Council shall
shall meet as required in accordance
set up commissions in economic and
with its rules, which shall include
social fields and for the promotion of
provision for the convening of
human rights, and such other
meetings on the request of a majority
commissions as may be required for the
of its members.
performance of its functions.
Article 69
The Economic and Social Council shall
invite any Member of the United Nations
to participate, without vote, in its
deliberations on any matter of particular
concern to that Member.
Article 70
make arrangements for representatives of
the specialized agencies to participate,
without vote, in its deliberations and in
those of the commissions established by
it, and for its representatives to participate
in the deliberations of the specialized
agencies.
Article 71
make suitable arrangements for
consultation with non-governmental
organizations which are concerned with
matters within its competence. Such
arrangements may be made with
international organizations and, where
appropriate, with national organizations
15
with a view to the practical
achievement of the social, economic,
CHAPTER XI and scientific purposes set forth in this
DECLARATION REGARDING Article; and
NON-SELF-GOVERNING e. to transmit regularly to the Secretary-
TERRITORIES General for information purposes,
subject to such limitation as security
Article 73 and constitutional considerations may
Members of the United Nations which require, statistical and other
have or assume responsibilities for the information of a technical nature
administration of territories whose relating to economic, social, and
peoples have not yet attained a full educational conditions in the
measure of self-government recognize the territories for which they are
principle that the interests of the respectively responsible other than
inhabitants of these territories are those territories to which Chapters XII
paramount, and accept as a sacred trust and XIII apply.
the obligation to promote to the utmost, Article 74
within the system of international peace
and security established by the present Members of the United Nations also agree
Charter, the well- being of the inhabitants that their policy in respect of the
of these territories, and, to this end: territories to which this Chapter applies,
no less than in respect of their
a. to ensure, with due respect for the metropolitan areas, must be based on the
culture of the peoples concerned, their general principle of good-neigh-
political, economic, social, and bourliness, due account being taken of the
educational advancement, their just interests and well-being of the rest of the
treatment, and their protection against world, in social, economic, and
abuses; commercial matters.
b. to develop self-government, to take
due account of the political aspirations CHAPTER XII
of the peoples, and to assist them in INTERNATIONAL
the progressive development of their
TRUSTEESHIP SYSTEM
free political institutions, according to
the particular circumstances of each Article 75
territory and its peoples and their The United Nations shall establish under
varying stages of advancement; its authority an international trusteeship
c. to further international peace and system for the administration and
security; supervision of such territories as may be
d. to promote constructive measures of placed thereunder by subsequent
development, to encourage research, individual agreements. These territories
and to co-operate with one another are hereinafter referred to as trust
and, when and where appropriate, territories.
with specialized international bodies Article 76
16
The basic objectives of the trusteeship thereunder by means of trusteeship
system, in accordance with the Purposes agreements:
of the United Nations laid down in Article a. territories now held under
1 of the present Charter, shall be: mandate;
a. to further international peace and b. territories which may be detached
security; from enemy states as a result of
b. to promote the political, economic, the Second World War; and
social, and educational advancement c. territories voluntarily placed under
of the inhabitants of the trust the system by states responsible
territories, and their progressive for their administration.
development towards self-government
or independence as may be 2. It will be a matter for subsequent
appropriate to the particular agreement as to which territories in
circumstances of each territory and its the foregoing categories will be
peoples and the freely expressed brought under the trusteeship system
wishes of the peoples concerned, and and upon what terms.
as may be provided by the terms of Article 78
each trusteeship agreement;
The trusteeship system shall not apply to
c. to encourage respect for human rights territories which have become Members
and for fundamental freedoms for all of the United Nations, relationship among
without distinction as to race, sex, which shall be based on respect for the
language, or religion, and to principle of sovereign equality.
encourage recognition of the
interdependence of the peoples of the Article 79
world; and The terms of trusteeship for each territory
d. to ensure equal treatment in social, to be placed under the trusteeship system,
economic, and commercial matters for including any alteration or amendment,
all Members of the United Nations shall be agreed upon by the states directly
and their nationals, and also equal concerned, including the mandatory
treatment for the latter in the power in the case of territories held under
administration of justice, without mandate by a Member of the United
prejudice to the attainment of the Nations, and shall be approved as
foregoing objectives and subject to the provided for in Articles 83 and 85.
provisions of Article 80.
Article 80
1. Except as may be agreed upon in
Article 77 individual trusteeship agreements,
made under Articles 77, 79, and 81,
1. The trusteeship system shall apply to placing each territory under the
such territories in the following trusteeship system, and until such
categories as may be placed agreements have been concluded,
nothing in this Chapter shall be
17
construed in or of itself to alter in any 3. The Security Council shall, subject to
manner the rights whatsoever of any the provisions of the trusteeship
states or any peoples or the terms of agreements and without prejudice to
existing international instruments to security considerations, avail itself of
which Members of the United Nations the assistance of the Trusteeship
may respectively be parties. Council to perform those functions of
2. Paragraph 1 of this Article shall not be the United Nations under the
interpreted as giving grounds for trusteeship system relating to political,
delay or postponement of the economic, social, and educational
negotiation and conclusion of matters in the strategic areas.
agreements for placing mandated and Article 84
other territories under the trusteeship
It shall be the duty of the administering
system as provided for in Article 77.
authority to ensure that the trust territory
Article 81 shall play its part in the maintenance of
The trusteeship agreement shall in each international peace and security. To this
case include the terms under which the end the administering authority may make
trust territory will be administered and use of volunteer forces, facilities, and
designate the authority which will assistance from the trust territory in
exercise the administration of the trust carrying out the obligations towards the
territory. Such authority, hereinafter called Security Council undertaken in this regard
the administering authority, may be one or by the administering authority, as well as
more states or the Organization itself. for local defence and the maintenance of
law and order within the trust territory.
Article 82
Article 85
There may be designated, in any
trusteeship agreement, a strategic area or 1. The functions of the United Nations
areas which may include part or all of the with regard to trusteeship agreements
trust territory to which the agreement for all areas not designated as
applies, without prejudice to any special strategic, including the approval of the
agreement or agreements made under terms of the trusteeship agreements
Article 43. and of their alteration or amendment,
shall be exercised by the General
Article 83 Assembly.
1. All functions of the United Nations 2. The Trusteeship Council, operating
relating to strategic areas, including under the authority of the General
the approval of the terms of the Assembly, shall assist the General
trusteeship agreements and of their Assembly in carrying out these
alteration or amendment, shall be functions.
exercised by the Security Council.
2. he basic objectives set forth in Article
CHAPTER XIII
76 shall be applicable to the people of THE TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL
each strategic area.
Composition
18
Article 86 d. take these and other actions in
conformity with the terms of the
1. The Trusteeship Council shall consist
trusteeship agreements.
of the following Members of the
United Nations: Article 88
a. those Members administering trust The Trusteeship Council shall formulate a
territories; questionnaire on the political, economic,
b. such of those Members mentioned social, and educational advancement of
by name in Article 23 as are not the inhabitants of each trust territory, and
administering trust territories; and the administering authority for each trust
territory within the competence of the
c. as many other Members elected General Assembly shall make an annual
for three-year terms by the report to the General Assembly upon the
General Assembly as may be basis of such questionnaire.
necessary to ensure that the total
number of members of the Voting
Trusteeship Council is equally Article 89
divided between those Members
of the United Nations which ad- 1. Each member of the Trusteeship
minister trust territories and those Council shall have one vote.
which do not. 2. Decisions of the Trusteeship Council
2. Each member of the Trusteeship shall be made by a majority of the
Council shall designate one specially members present and voting.
qualified person to represent it therein.
Functions and Powers Procedure
Article 90
Article 87 1. The Trusteeship Council shall adopt
its own rules of procedure, including
The General Assembly and, under its
the method of selecting its President.
authority, the Trusteeship Council, in
carrying out their functions, may: 2. The Trusteeship Council shall meet as
required in accordance with its rules,
a. consider reports submitted by the ad-
which shall include provision for the
ministering authority;
convening of meetings on the request
b. accept petitions and examine them in of a majority of its members.
consultation with the administering
authority; Article 91
c. provide for periodic visits to the The Trusteeship Council shall, when
respective trust territories at times appropriate, avail itself of the assistance
agreed upon with the administering of the Economic and Social Council and
authority; and of the specialized agencies in regard to
matters with which they are respectively
concerned.
19
CHAPTER XIV Nothing in the present Charter shall

prevent Members of the United Nations
THE INTERNATIONAL COURT from entrusting the solution of their
OF JUSTICE differences to other tribunals by virtue of
agreements already in existence or which
Article 92 may be concluded in the future.
The International Court of Justice shall be
Article 96
the principal judicial organ of the United
Nations. It shall function in accordance 1. The General Assembly or the Security
with the annexed Statute, which is based Council may request the International
upon the Statute of the Permanent Court Court of Justice to give an advisory
of International Justice and forms an opinion on any legal question.
integral part of the present Charter. 2. Other organs of the United Nations
Article 93 and specialized agencies, which may
at any time be so authorized by the
1. All Members of the United Nations General Assembly, may also request
are facto parties to the Statute of the advisory opinions of the Court on
International Court of Justice legal questions arising within the
2. A state which is not of the United scope of their activities.
Nations may become a party to the
Statute of the International Court of CHAPTER XV
Justice on to be determined in each THE SECRETARIAT
case by the General Assembly upon
the recommendation of the Security Article 97
Council. The Secretariat shall comprise a
Article 94 Secretary- General and such staff as the
Organization may require. The Secretary-
1. Each Member of the United Nations General shall be appointed by the General
undertakes to comply with the Assembly upon the recommendation of
decision of the International Court of the Security Council. He shall be the chief
Justice in any case to which it is a administrative officer of the Organization.
party.
Article 98
2. If any party to a case fails to perform
the obligations incumbent upon it The Secretary-General shall act in that
under a judgment rendered by the capacity in all meetings of the General
Court, the other party may have Assembly, of the Security Council, of the
recourse to the Security Council, Economic and Social Council, and of the
which may, if it deems necessary, Trusteeship Council, and shall perform
make recommendations or decide such other functions as are entrusted to
upon measures to be taken to give to him by these organs. The Secretary-
the judgment. General shall make an annual report to the
General Assembly on the work of the
Article 95 Organization.
20
Article 99 importance of recruiting the staff on
as wide a geographical basis as
The Secretary-General may bring to the
possible.
attention of the Security Council any
matter which in his opinion may threaten
the maintenance of international peace
and security.
Article 100
1. In the performance of their duties the
Secretary-General and the staff shall
not seek or receive instructions from
any government or from any other
authority externa to the Organization.
They shall refrain from any action
which might on their position as
international officials responsible only
to the Organization.
2. Each Member of the United Nations
undertakes to respect the exclusively
international character of the
responsibilities of the Secretary-
General and the staff and not to seek
to influence them in the discharge of
their responsibilities.
Article 101
1. The staff shall be appointed by the
Secretary-General under regulations
established by the General Assembly.
2. Appropriate staffs shall be
permanently assigned to the Economic
and Social Council, the Trusteeship
Council, and, as required, to other
organs of the United Nations. These
staffs shall form a part of the
Secretariat.
3. The paramount consideration in the
employment of the staff and in the
determination of the conditions of
service shall be the necessity of
securing the highest standards of
efficiency, competence, and integrity.
Due regard shall be paid to the
21
2. Representatives of the Members of the
United Nations and officials of the
CHAPTER XVI Organization shall similarly enjoy
MISCELLANEOUS such privileges and immunities as are
necessary for the independent exercise
PROVISIONS
of their functions in connexion with
Article 102 the Organization.
1. Every treaty and every international 3. The General Assembly may make
agreement entered into by any recommendations with a view to
Member of the United Nations after determining the details of the
the present Charter comes into force application of paragraphs 1 and 2 of
shall as soon as possible be registered this Article or may propose
with the Secretariat and published by conventions to the Members of the
it. United Nations for this purpose.
2. No party to any such treaty or
international agreement which has not
CHAPTER XVII
been registered in accordance with the TRANSITIONAL SECURITY
provisions of paragraph I of this ARRANGEMENTS
Article may invoke that treaty or
agreement before any organ of the Article 106
United Nations. Pending the coming into force of such
special agreements referred to in Article
Article 103
43 as in the opinion of the Security
In the event of a conflict between the Council enable it to begin the exercise of
obligations of the Members of the United its responsibilities under Article 42, the
Nations under the present Charter and parties to the Four-Nation Declaration,
their obligations under any other signed at Moscow, 30 October 1943, and
international agreement, their obligations France, shall, in accordance with the
under the present Charter shall prevail. provisions of paragraph 5 of that
Article 104 Declaration, consult with one another and
as occasion requires with other Members
The Organization shall enjoy in the of the United Nations with a view to such
territory of each of its Members such joint action on behalf of the Organization
legal capacity as may be necessary for the as may be necessary for the purpose of
exercise of its functions and the fulfilment maintaining international peace and
of its purposes. security.
Article 105
1. The Organization shall enjoy in the Article 107
territory of each of its Members such
privileges and immunities as are Nothing in the present Charter shall
necessary for the fulfilment of its invalidate or preclude action, in relation
purposes. to any state which during the Second
World War has been an enemy of any
22
signatory to the present Charter, taken or coming into force of the present
authorized as a result of that war by the Charter, the proposal to call such a
Governments having responsibility for conference shall be placed on the
such action. agenda of that session of the General
Assembly, and the conference shall be
CHAPTER XVIII held if so decided by a majority vote
AMENDMENTS of the members of the General
Assembly and by a vote of any seven
Article 108 members of the Security Council.
Amendments to the present Charter shall
come into force for all Members of the CHAPTER XIX
United Nations when they have been RATIFICATION AND
adopted by a vote of two thirds of the SIGNATURE
members of the General Assembly and
ratified in accordance with their Article 110
respective constitutional processes by two 1. The present Charter shall be ratified
thirds of the Members of the United by the signatory states in accordance
Nations, including all the permanent with their respective constitutional
members of the Security Council. processes.
Article 109 2. The shall be deposited with the
1. A General Conference of the Government of the Unite States of
Members of the United Nations for America, which shall notify a the
the purpose of reviewing the present signatory states of each deposit as
Charter may be held at a date and well as the Secretary-General of the
place to be fixed by a two-thirds vote Organization when he has been
of the members of the General appointed.
Assembly and by a vote of any nine 3. The present Charter shall come into
members of the Security Council. force upon the deposit of by the
Each Member of the United Nations Republic of China, France, the Union
shall have one vote in the conference. of Soviet Socialist, the United King-
2. Any alteration of the present Charter dom of Great Britain and Northern
recommended by a two-thirds vote of Ireland, and the United States of
the conference shall take effect when America, and by a majority of the
ratified in accordance with their other signatory states. A protocol of
respective constitutional processes by the deposited shall thereupon be
two thirds of the Members of the drawn up by the Government of the
United Nations including the United States of America which shall
permanent members of the Security communicate copies thereof to all the
Council. signatory states.
3. If such a conference has not been held 4. The states signatory to the present
before the tenth annual session of the Chartar which ratify it after it has
General Assembly following the come into force will become original
Members of the United Nations on the
23
date of the deposit of their respective
ratifications.
Article 111
The present Charter, of which the
Chinese, French, Russian, English, and
Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall
remain deposited in the archives of the
Government of -the United States of
America. Duly certified copies thereof
shall be transmitted by that Government
to the Governments of the other signatory
states.
IN FAITH WHEREOF the representatives
of the Governments of the United Nations
have signed the present Charter.
DONE at the city of San Francisco the
twenty-sixth day of June, one thousand
nine hundred and forty-five.
24

Charter of The United Nations

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Charter of The United Nations

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WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED Article 1

CHAPTER XIV Nothing in the present Charter shall

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