Transformer Bushings

IEEE/ANSI Standard, COTA 150 – COTA 2050

®
Application
Trench bushings, Type COTA, are
designed for application on liquid filled
power transformers and reactors. They
are used to connect the power
transformer or reactor to overhead lines
or exposed bus in either outdoor or indoor
conditions.
Connection to the transformer winding
leads can be accomplished by one of
three methods:
Bottom connected via a fixed conductor.
Connected via a copper draw lead
cable(s) supplied with the power
transformer.
Bottom connected via Trench’s all copper
“Split-Conductor” draw lead. (Up to 1300
kV BIL)
Design
Active Part
The active part of the COTA bushing is constructed of oil-impregnated paper
with layers of aluminum foil. The position of the foil layers is computer
optimized to ensure a homogenous electrical field, radially and axially
controlled, providing extremely high dielectric resistance.
The Trench active part design ensures that COTA bushings will last the life of
your power transformer.
Housing
The housing is constructed of a head, outdoor insulator, mounting flange,
ground sleeve (COTA 250 and above) and epoxy or fiberglass insulator,
held together by either a central tube or a fixed conductor. Pre-tensioned
cone spring washers provide mechanical stability over the entire temperature
range, ensuring a leak free bushing with the highest possible mechanical
strength. COTA bushings are sealed exclusively with 0-Ring gaskets and
each bushing is hermetically sealed with its own independent oil reservoir.
The interior of the aluminum castings are painted.

The method selected depends on voltage

rating, maximum through current or user
preference. Connection to the power Head
system is accomplished with an industry
standard threaded top terminal. The cast aluminum head contains an oil expansion chamber with an oil level
indicator. The design of the head allows the bushings to be shipped and
stored horizontally and mounted as follows:
Applicable Standards COTA 150 and above draw lead models and fixed conductor models above
COTA 200: vertical to a maximum inclination of 40°.
Trench bushings Type COTA, are
designed to meet or exceed the following
For greater inclination, contact Trench for special instructions and limitations.
industry standards for liquid filled power
transformer or reactor applications:

ANSI/IEEE Standard C57.19.00-2003

IEEE Standard General Requirements
and Test Procedure for Outdoor Power
Apparatus Bushings

ANSI/IEEE Standard C57.19.01-2000

IEEE Standard Performance
Characteristics and Dimensions for
Outdoor Apparatus Bushings

IEEE Standard C57.19.100-R2002

IEEE Guide for Application of Power COTA 150 and above draw COTA 150 and COTA 200
Apparatus Bushings lead models and fixed conductor Fixed conductor models:
models above COTA 200 vertical or horizontal

2 T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G
Outdoor Insulator
The outdoor insulator is either a high-grade electrotechnical
porcelain or an insulator constructed from a explosion-resistant
fiberglass epoxy resin tube with molded silicon-rubber sheds.

Porcelain Insulators
Alternating sheds
The standard porcelain insulator on COTA bushings is ANSI
No.70, light gray. Brown porcelain is available upon request.
One-piece porcelain is standard on COTA 150 though 750 and
optional on COTA 900 and 1175. When the height of the
Porcelain insulator
bushing makes it necessary to use more than one porcelain
element, Trench uses a special gluing procedure developed to Portland cement
ensure that the porcelain elements will exhibit the same level
Mounting flange
of performance as a single porcelain element. On bushing style
COTA 250 and above, the porcelain insulator is cemented to the
mounting flange using special cement and sealed with an O-Ring gasket
0-Ring gasket. To protect against corrosion, the mounting flange
surface and porcelain that is in contact with the cement is
treated with a special coating, ensuring a trouble free interface.

Silicone Rubber Insulators

Porcelain insulator
Silicone rubber insulators used by Trench are specifically
Typical design COTA 250 – COTA 900
designed for use on high voltage bushings. These insulators
demonstrate superior electrical and mechanical characteristics
not found in other types of
insulators. The physical
properties Fiberglass - reinforced
of the silicone rubber epoxy resin tube
provide many advantages
over conventional porcelain
insulators. The silicone Silicone rubber sheds
rubber insulator has
demonstrated superior Portland cement
performance in earthquake Mounting flange
prone areas.

O-Ring gasket

Silicone Rubber insulator

Silicone rubber insulator Typical design COTA 250 and above

T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G 3
Design
Mounting Flange
The mounting flange is a high quality aluminum casting,
machined to exact dimensions, ensuring an excellent seal
between the bushing and the transformer.
Integrated into the mounting flange of COTA bushings through
69 kV are test taps. Above 69 kV the mounting flange is
equipped with a voltage tap.
Sealing cap
Test Tap
COTA 15O – COTA 35O
Sealing cap Oil plug
Voltage Tap
COTA 550 and above
Shatter Resistant Inboard End
Every Trench COTA bushing is offered with a shatter resistant
in-board end insulator. These insulators are less susceptible
to damage from handling. They will not shatter like porcelain
preventing major transformer repair costs. Trench in-board
end insulators have 25 years of proven field experience.
The lower end of the COTA bushings (COTA 200 and below)
are protected by an explosion resistant fiberglass-reinforced
epoxy-resin tube or (COTA 250 and above) by a shatter
resistant cone shaped vacuum molded epoxy resin insulator.
These insulators are designed to be installed during the in-
tank drying process of the active part of the transformer and
can withstand temperatures up to 130°C.
4 T R A N S F O R M E R
Epoxy insulator
Embedded End Shield
(Draw Lead COTA 250 though 1175)
High voltage bushings require an end shield to control the
electrical field strength at the inboard end of the bushing.
Instead of mounting this shield externally, Trench embeds the
shield in the epoxy-resin inboard end insulator. This provides
a more uniform distribution of the electrical forces and
reduces the required clearances. The embedded end shield
provides greater interchangeability with other bushings,
making the Trench COTA bushings the ideal replacement
bushing.
Current Path
Two current path options are available:
Fixed conductor
Current path via conductor that is fixed in place and has the
active part wound on the conductor. The fixed conductor is
either solid rod or a tube, depending on the specific bushing
design.
Draw lead
Current path via the transformer’s cable(s) to a silver-plated
copper terminal through multi spring contacts to the copper-
alloy top terminal. Or via Trench’s copper “Split-Conductor”
draw lead through multi spring contacts to the copper-alloy
top terminal.
B U S H I N G
Fixed Conductor
When a fixed conductor bushing is selected the connection to
the transformer winding leads will be at the bottom of the
bushing. The terminal configuration at the bottom of fixed
conductor bushing will depend on the current rating and/or the
desired application and the requirements of the ANSI/IEEE
Standards.
Top Terminal
Unlike other bushing designs, where the top terminal is
threaded onto the bushing, the Trench COTA bushing utilizes
a top terminal that is bolted to the head of the bushing. This
feature eliminates the requirement to check the top terminal
for tightness, increasing reliability and providing a truly
maintenance free bushing.

The top terminal is designed to accept either a draw lead

Draw Lead Cable(s) terminal or the Trench’s “Split-Conductor”.

On fixed conductor COTA bushings the top terminal is an

When the application is less than 800 amperes, draw lead
integral part of the bushing’s conductor.
cable(s), provided with the transformer, can be used. For
recommendations on selecting the draw lead cable(s) for
COTA bushings refer to the Trench COTA Instruction Manual.
Top terminal
When applying draw lead cable(s) on bushings with a vacuum
molded epoxy resin insulator the embedded end shield
provides for a simple, space-saving assembly without
additional shielding or barriers. Refer to the Trench COTA
Instruction Manual for additional details on this feature.
Lock pin

“Split-Conductor” Super Draw Lead “Split conductor”

upper part
Historically bushings through 69 kV only offered a draw lead Mounting flange
rating of 400 amps. Today, using the Trench “Split-Conductor”
in COTA bushings you now have draw lead ratings to 3,000
amps. Now almost all, medium power transformers through
100 MVA can have all draw lead bushings. The “Split-
Conductor” draw lead feature provides increased safety for 4 Hex-socket screws M10
with disk spring washers
personnel, shorter installation times and ensures factory
torque 17 ft.lb. (23 Nm)
tested transformer lead connections.

For “Split-Conductor” applications the termination of the

transformer or reactor winding leads will be at the bottom of
the bushing. The type of termination required will depend on “Split conductor”
the maximum through current, operating voltage and lower part
mounting position. Additional measures (shielding, barriers,
etc.) may be required. Contact Trench for available terminals
and shields for your specific application of the “Split-
Conductor”. Epoxy insulator

Bottom terminal

“Split-Conductor” & Top terminal

T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G 5
Cut Views
Top terminal

Top terminal
Draw lead stud

Oil level indicator

Oil level indicator

Head housing
Head housing

Insulator
Insulator

Active part
Name plate
Active part

Test tap Air escape plug

Voltage Tap (COTA 1050 and above)
(COTA 550 and above)

Mounting flange

Mounting flange

Grounding sleeve
Test tap
(COTA 350 and below)
FRP tube

Conductor

Epoxy insulator

Bottom terminal

Typical design COTA 150 & COTA 200 Typical design COTA 250 – COTA 1175
Fixed Conductor Draw lead

6 T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G
 Quality
Everyone talks about quality; nearly everyone is ISO
9001 certified including Trench but that is not the whole
picture. Quality starts at the beginning, it starts with the
Top terminal
design. When you compare a Trench COTA bushing
with other brands you will find quality design features
not offered by the others. These include O-ring gaskets
instead of flat gaskets, the interior of all castings
Oil level indicator
painted, easy to read prismatic oil level indicators and
stainless steel test tap caps just to mention a few.
Head housing
Quality is the reason Trench offers the only standard
three-year bushing warranty in the business. 85 years
Insulator in the bushing business and still growing, Trench, the
quality choice for bushings.
Active part
Name plate

Standardization
Air escape plug
Voltage Tap (COTA 1050 and above) Trench COTA bushings were developed to promote the
(COTA 550 and above)
concept of “standardization”. The designs detailed in
this catalog will cover nearly 100% of the bushing
requirements for liquid filled power transformers or
reactors rated through 2500 MVA, three-phase, 2050
Mounting flange
kV BIL. (Excluding high current bushings for GSU
transformers) All COTA bushings though 900 kV BIL
Grounding sleeve are designed for operation, without de-rating, to an
Test tap altitude of 10,000 feet. COTA bushings above 900 kV
(COTA 350 and below) BIL are offered with altitude ratings based on the BIL
rating of the specific bushing. Example; a COTA 1050
may be rated for 10,000 feet while the same bushing
rated at 1300 kV BIL will only be rated for operation at
3,300 feet.

COTA bushings (COTA 200 and above) have as

Epoxy insulator standard, “extra-creep” porcelain in accordance with
the heavy contamination level as described in the IEEE
Guide for Application of Power Apparatus Bushings,
C57.19.100-R2002.

COTA bushings present a level of standardization that

Bottom Terminal
will reduce inventories while meeting the most
demanding requirements.

Typical design COTA 550 and above

Fixed conductor

T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G 7
COTA Technical Specification Sheets C57.19.01-2000

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 150-H015-21-AG2-01 150-F027-21-AG2-01 150-H030-21-DG4-01
Drawing Number 025D001A 025F002A 025S011A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed draw lead
Insulation Class (kV) 25 25 25
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 16 16 16
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,500 2,700 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inches) 21 21 21
BIL (kV) 150 150 150
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 60 60 60
10 s wet (kV) 50 50 50
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 21 21 34.6
Min. Arcing Distance. (Inch) 9.25 9.25 13.38
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 40 100 128
Mounting vertical vertical/horizontal Vertical

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 200-H015-21-AG3-01 200-F023-21-AG3-01 200-H030-21-DG3-01
Drawing Number 035D001A 035F002A 035S013A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed draw lead
Insulation Class (kV) 34.5 34.5 34.5
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 22 22 22
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,500 2,350 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inches) 21 21 21
BIL (kV) 200 200 200
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 80 80 80
10 s wet (kV) 75 75 75
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 34.6 34.6 34.6
Min. Arcing Distance. (Inch) 13.38 13.38 13.38
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 66 115 128
Mounting vertical vertical/horizontal vertical

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 250-H014-21-AG3-01 250-H020-21-AG3-01 250-F030-21-AG3-01
Drawing Number 046D001A 046S004A 046F003A
Current Path (copper) draw lead draw lead fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 46 46 46
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 29 29 29
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,400 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inch) 21 21 21
BIL (kV) 250 250 250
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 105 105 105
10 s wet (kV) 95 95 95
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 46 46 46
Min. Arcing Distance (inch) 18 18 18
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 84 120 128
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

8 T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G
COTA Technical Specification Sheets

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 350-H014-21-AG3-01 350-H020-21-AG3-01 350-F030-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 069D002A 069S008A 069F002A
Current Path (copper) draw lead draw lead fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 69 69 69
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 44 44 44
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,400 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inch) 21 21 21
BIL (kV) 350 350 350
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 160 160 160
10 s wet (kV) 140 140 140
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 69 69 69
Min. Arcing Distance (inch) 27 27 27
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 110 175 182
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 550-H014-23-AG3-03 550-F020-23-AG3-01 550-F030-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 115D002A 115F001A 115F002A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 115 115 115
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 88 88 88
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,400 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inches) 23 23 23
BIL (kV) 550 550 550
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 260 260 260
10 s wet (kV) 230 230 230
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 115 115 115
Min. Arcing Distance. (Inch) 42.1 42.1 42.1
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 270 335 580
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 650-H014-23-AG3-01 650-F020-23-AG3-01 650-F030-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 138D002A 138F002A 138F001A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 138 138 138
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 102 102 102
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,400 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inches) 23 23 23
BIL (kV) 650 650 650
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 310 310 310
10 s wet (kV) 275 275 275
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 138 138 138
Min. Arcing Distance. (Inch) 50 50 50
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 318 454 615
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G 9
COTA Technical Specification Sheets C57.19.01-2000

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 750-H014-23-AG3-01 750-F020-23-AG3-01 750-F030-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 161D001A 161F001A 161F002A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 161 161 161
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 146 146 146
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,400 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inches) 23 23 23
BIL (kV) 750 750 750
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 365 365 365
10 s wet (kV) 315 315 315
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 161 161 161
Min. Arcing Distance. (Inch) 59 59 59
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 360 460 660
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 900-H016-23-AG3-01 900-F020-23-AG3-01 900-F030-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 230D003A 230F003A 230F005A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 230 230 230
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 146 146 146
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,600 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inch) 23 23 23
BIL (kV) 900 900 900
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 425 425 425
10 s wet (kV) 350 350 350
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 242.4 242.4 242.4
Min. Arcing Distance (inch) 84.6 84.6 84.6
Max. Altitude (feet) 10,000 10,000 10,000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 625 838 875
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 1175-H016-23-AG3-02 1175-F020-23-AG3-01 1175-F030-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 345D002A 345F001A 345F004A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed Fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 345 345 345
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 220 220 220
Max. Current Rating (A) 1,600 2,000 3,000
CT Pocket Length (inch) 23 23 23
BIL (kV) 1,175 1,175 1,175
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s,dry (kV) 520 520 520
Wet switching impulse (kV) 825 825 825
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 345 345 345
Min. Arcing Distance (inch) 94.48 94.48 94.48
Max. Altitude (feet) 3,300 3,300 3,300
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 865 950 980
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

10 T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G
COTA Technical Specification Sheets

Type COTA COTA COTA

Style Number 1675-F020-23-AG3-01 1675-F030-23-AG3-01 2050-F020-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 500F001A 500F005A 765F001A
Current Path (copper) fixed fixed fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 500 500 765
Max. L to G Voltage (kV) 318 318 485
Max. Current Rating (A) 2,000 3,000 2,000
CT Pocket Length (inch) 23 23 23
BIL (kV) 1,675 1,675 2,050
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s,dry (kV) 750 750 920
Wet switching impulse (kV) 1,175 1,175 1,450
Min. Creep Distance (inch) 568.5 568.5 765
Min. Arcing Distance (inch) 149.6 149.6 200
Max. Altitude (feet) 5,000 5,000 3,300
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lb.) 2,119 2,120 3,040
Mounting vertical vertical vertical

T R A N S F O R M E R B U S H I N G 11
w w w. t r e n c h g r o u p. c o m
Trench® Austria GmbH
Paschinger Strasse 49
Postfach 13
A-4060 Linz-Leonding
Austria
Phone: 43-732-6793-0
Fax: 43-732-671341
Trench® Brasil Ltda
Via Expressa de Contagem, 2685
Contagem, Minas Gerais
CEP 32370-485
Brazil
Phone: 55-31-3391-5959
Fax: 55-31-3391-1828
Trench® China
MWB (Shanghai) Co., Ltd
No. 3658 Jiangcheng Road
Minhang, Shanghai,
Peoples Republic of China
200245
Phone: 86-21-54720088
Fax: 86-21-54723118
Trench® Fushun
Dong Er Dao, Shuncheng District,
Fushun, Liaoning Province,
Peoples Republic of China
113126
Phone: 86-413-7644009/7644007
Fax: 86-413-7641423
Trench® Limited
Bushing Division
432 Monarch Avenue
Ajax, Ontario
Canada L1S 2G7
Phone: 905-426-2665
Fax: 905-426-2671
Trench® Limited
Coil Product Division
71 Maybrook Drive
Scarborough, Ontario
Canada M1V 4B6
Phone: 416-298-8108
Fax: 416-298-2209
®
Trench® Limited
Instrument Transformer Division
390 Midwest Road
Scarborough, Ontario
Canada M1P 3B5
Phone: 416-751-8570
Fax: 416-751-6952
Trench® France S.A.
16, Rue du Général Cassagnou
B. P. 70 F-68 302
St. Louis, Cedex
France
Phone: 33-3 89-70-2323
Fax: 33-3 89-67-2663
Trench® Germany GmbH
Nürnberger Strasse 199
D-96050 Bamberg
Germany
Phone: 49-951-1803-0
Fax: 49-951-1803-224
Trench® Switzerland AG
Lehenmattstrasse 353
CH-4028
Basel
Switzerland
Phone: 41-61-315-51-11
Fax: 41-61-315-59-00
Trench® (UK) Limited
South Drive
Hebburn
Tyne & Wear
NE 31 1 UW
Phone: 44-191-483-4711
Fax: 44-191-430-0633
Subject to change without notice
04.2003
E322.73
Printed in Canada