PHP Basics

6/28/2010
What is PHP?
z PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

z PHP is a server
server-side
side scripting language, like JSP
z PHP scripts are executed on the server
z PHP is an open source software
z PHP is free to download and use
z PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts
z PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML
z PHP files have a file extension of ".php", ".php3", or ".phtml"
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Why PHP?
z PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.)
z PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
z PHP is FREE to download from the official PHP resource: www.php.net
z PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side
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PHP Installation
z Download PHP
Download PHP for free here: http://www.php.net/downloads.php
z Download MySQL Database
Download MySQL for free here: http://www.mysql.com/downloads/index.html
z Download Apache Server
Download Apache for free here: http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
Configuration of PHP
Install
sta WAMP o on window
do oor LAMP o
on Linux
u pplatform
at o a and
d you do
don’tt need
eed a
any
y
configuration.
OR
For configuration please see the attached document.
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PHP Syntax
z <?php
--------
--------
?>
z <html><body>
<?php
echo "Hello World";
?>
</body></html>
Comments in PHP
z <html><body>
<?php
? h
//This is a comment
/*
This is
a comment
block
*/
?>
</body></html>
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PHP Variables
z All variables in PHP start with a $ sign symbol.
$var_name = value;
<?php
$txt="Hello World!";
$x=16;
?>
z PHP is a Loosely Typed Language
In PHP, a variable does not need to be declared before adding a value to it.
You do not have to tell PHP which data type the variable is.
In PHP, the variable is declared automatically when you use it.
PHP String Variables

z The Concatenation Operator
<?php
$txt1=" Hello"; $txt2=" Good Morning!";
echo $txt1 . " " . $txt2;
?> Output: Hello Good Morning!
z The strlen() function
<?php
echo strlen("Hello world!");
?> Output:12
z The strpos() function

<?php
echo strpos("Hello world!","world");
?> Output: 6
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PHP If...Else Statements

z <html><body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
elseif ($d=="Sun")
echo "Have a nice Sunday!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>
</body></html>
PHP Arrays
In PHP, there are three kind of arrays:
z Numeric array
y - An arrayy with a numeric index
z Associative array - An array where each ID key is associated with a value
z Multidimensional array - An array containing one or more arrays
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Numeric Arrays
z A numeric array stores each array element with a numeric index.
There are two methods to create a numeric array.
1. In the following example the index are automatically assigned (the index
starts at 0):
$cars=array("Saab","Volvo","BMW","Toyota");
2. In the following example we assign the index manually:

$cars[0]="Saab";
$cars[1]="Volvo";
$cars[2]="BMW";
$cars[3]="Toyota";
Associative Arrays
z An associative array, each ID key is associated with a value.
There are two methods to create a numeric array.
z $ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30, "Joe"=>34);
z $ages['Peter'] = "32";
$ages['Quagmire'] = "30";
$ages['Joe'] = "34";
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Multidimensional Arrays
z $families = array z Array
( (
"Griffin"=>array [Griffin] => Array
( (
"Peter", [[0]] => Peter
"Lois"
Lois , [1] => Lois
"Megan" [2] => Megan
), )
"Quagmire"=>array [Quagmire] => Array
( (
"Glenn" [0] => Glenn
), )
"Brown"=>array [Brown] => Array
( (
"Cleveland", [0] => Cleveland
"Loretta", [[1]] => Loretta
"Junior"
Junior [2] => Junior
) )
); )
$families['Griffin'][2] = ?
PHP Looping
z The while Loop
while($i<=5)
{ echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />“; $i++; }
z The do...while Statement

do
{ $i++; echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />“ } while ($i<=5);
z The For Loop
for ($i=1; $i<=5; $i++) { echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />“ }
z The foreach Loop (The foreach loop is used to loop through arrays.)
$x=array("one","two","three");
foreach ($x as $value) { echo $value . "<br />"; }
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PHP Functions
z A function will be executed by a call to the function.
z You may call a function from anywhere within a page.
y
<html><body>
<?php
function add($x,$y)
{
$total=$x+$y;
return $total;
}
echo "1 + 16 = " . add(1,16);
?>
</body></html>

PHP Basics

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PHP Basics

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6/28/2010

z PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

6/28/2010 Hassan Khan, PUCIT 1

z PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side

6/28/2010 Hassan Khan, PUCIT 2

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For configuration please see the attached document.

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PHP String Variables

z The strpos() function

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PHP If...Else Statements

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z Associative array - An array where each ID key is associated with a value

z Multidimensional array - An array containing one or more arrays

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2. In the following example we assign the index manually:

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z $ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30, "Joe"=>34);

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z The do...while Statement

z The For Loop

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echo "1 + 16 = " . add(1,16);

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