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1 Michele Pagano
Outline
• Introduction
• MPLS-based Recovery
• Simulations Results
• Conclusions
2 Michele Pagano
Introduction
172.16.1.2 data
3 Michele Pagano
IP Routing
R8
R1
R3
R4
R2
Shortest
Path
LSR8
R5
R9
R7 R6
Issues
9Highly reliable services require very low recovery times (tenths of ms)
9IP routing does not assure QoS recovery
Michele Pagano
4
MPLS Recovery: Path Protection
Egress
LSR1 LER
LSR3
LSR4
LSR2
LSR8
LSR5
Ingress
LER
LSR7 LSR6
Working LSP
Backup Path MPLS-based Recovery aims at reducing the recovery times
when a failure occurs and dynamic routing protocols are used!
5 Michele Pagano
MPLS Recovery: Path Restoration
Egress
LSR1 LER
LSR3
LSR4
LSR2
LSR8
LSR5
Ingress
LER
LSR7 LSR6
6 Michele Pagano
The Recovery Cycle
Egress
LSR1 Resv LER
LSR3
LSR4
LSR2
PathErr
PathTear LSR8
LSR5
Ingress
LER
LSR7 LSR6
Path
Recovery
Fault Detection Fault Hold-
Hold-off Fault Notification Operation Traffic Recovery
Time Time Time Time Time
7 Michele Pagano
RSVP-TE Reservation Styles
8 Michele Pagano
RSVP-TE Reservation Styles: Application Scenario
B C
(2,100)
LSP (A_B_C_F) (1,50) (1,100)
40 Mbps A F
(1,100) (2,100)
(1,50)
Bandwidth (1,50)
(1,100)
70 Mbps
(5,100)
D E
(Metric, Bandwidth)
New Path
A_D_B_C_F
Without SE Reservation Style, it is
necessary to tear down the old LSP and
to set-up a new LSP
9 Michele Pagano
Motivations and targets
but…a full open-source MPLS networks simulation tool had not been
realized yet!!
10 Michele Pagano
NS2 Software Modules
OSPF-TE\ns
New Modules
MPLS Recovery Strategies
QoS Routing
11 Michele Pagano
New MPLS Node Architecture in NS2
RSVP-TE
RSVP-TE
module
module
OSPF-TE
OSPF-TE
module
module
12 Michele Pagano
LSP Recovery in NS2
• LSP Protection
<Ingress-LSR> protection-ff <Source> <Egress>
<Dest> <OldSID> <SessionID> <FlowID> <TunnelID>
<Rate> <Buffer> <Er>
13 Michele Pagano
Simulation Scenario
GÉANT
• Pan-European multi-gigabit
data communications network
specifically reserved for
research and education use
14 Michele Pagano
Simulation Scenario
CBR Traffic
Destination
Simulation Scenario
Target
15 Michele Pagano
LSP Rerouting with FF Reservation Style
Destinations
Reserved
PRIMARY LSP
LSPs
IP Shortest Path
CBR Traffic Back-Up LSPs
Sources
16 Michele Pagano
Recovery Time for FF Reservation Style
LSP 1 LSP 2
780
760
740
720
ms
700
680
660
640
620
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Simulation
17 Michele Pagano
LSP Rerouting with SE Reservation Style
Destinations
Reserved
PRIMARY LSP
LSP
18 Michele Pagano
Recovery Time for SE Reservation Style
180
160
140
120
100
ms
80
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Simulation
19 Michele Pagano
Conclusions
• The new NS2 module may help a network designer to choose the most
suitable MPLS-based recovery strategy
20 Michele Pagano