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Experiment no (3)
Three phase wound rotor induction motor
Introduction:
Induction motors consist of two parts; stator & rotor. Both are
made of isolated iron chips; for reducing the core losses.
The stator includes gullies which filled with three copper coils
distributed through the gullies suitably to provide 1200 between
coils each two then produce a magnetic field “magnetic poles”,
the poles number determines the speed of the motor.
Experiment:
Objective-
Find the efficiency and input power factor of the 3-phase wound
rotor induction motor.
Theory:
There are two kinds of rotor due to their structure and the
induction motor is usually named reference to the type of its
rotor. The two type are close in there electrical
characteristics and differ in their structure.
i- Wound rotor
During the rotating the rotor coils are connected out the rotor for
the reason of controlling the starting of the machine or regulation
the speed by connecting external resistance to the 3-phase
terminals.
Slip principle:
The voltage across rotor terminals depends on the ratio speed
between the rotor and the speed of the magnetic field from the
stator. If the rotor magnetic field speed (synch speed) is Ns and
the rotor speed is Nr then the slip speed is the ratio of the rotor
speed and the synch speed (Ns-Nr).
The slip coefficient is the ratio of the slip speed & the synch
speed.
The power that the motor take from the source depends on
the load which pointed by the stator current and power
factor as follow:
Some of this power is lost due the stator coil resistance &
this lost is called stator copper losses.
The other power will dropped as core losses. And then the
total stator losses is
- Voltmeter.
- Wattmeter.
- Copper Coils.
Procedure:
The external terminals of the induction motor were
connected to the external resistance to control the speed of
the machine.
The result:
Resistan Generati
ce Line Line Power Load Torqu Spee Motor on
position voltag curren factor cell L eT d RPM curren voltage
e VL t IL cosφ kg t IG VG
0.932
9 415 1.064 0.46 1.36 96 1485 0.2 205
0.946
8 413 1.062 0.569 1.38 68 1480 0.2 200
1.248
7 412 1.161 0.629 1.82 52 1472 0.5 195
1.481
6 412 1.22 0.68 2.16 76 1467 0.8 195
5 412 1.29 0.72 0 1459 1.1 190
1.968
4 410 1.382 0.74 2.87 82 1451 1.45 185
Calculations:
Pin :input power Pout :output power Efficiency Slip
ζ= Pout/Pin
351.81 146.4747 0.416346 0.01
432.2624 148.6288 0.343839 0.013333
521.1236 196.0176 0.376144 0.018667
592.0067 232.6363 0.392962 0.022
662.7963 0 0 0.027333
726.2468 309.1047 0.425619 0.032667
Then the result of:
S – Slip.
Nr -rotor speed.
ζ – Efficiency.
0.03
0.025
0.02
Slip (S)
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
Current
S vs. I
1
485
1
480
1
475
rotor speed
1
470
1
465
1
460
1
455
1
450
0
.2 0
.4 0
.6 0
.8 1 1
.2 1
.4 1
.6
c
urre
nI
Nr vs. IG
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
Torque
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
C
urrent
T vs. IG
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
Efficiency
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
Current
Efficiency vs. IG
Conclusion:
We realized the way that the wounded rotor work and also
knowing the efficiency and the electrical power factor and
the slipping and plotting them vs. the current of the rotor.