Comparison Kodak Vs Sony IIMS

A MARKET SURVEY
REPORT ON “CUSTOMER PREFERENCE

TOWARDS TO BRANDS
OF DIGITAL CAMERA”
(A CASE OF KODAK VS SONY)
INVERTIS
INSTITUTE
OF
MANAGEMENT
STUDIES
VS
SESSION – 2010-2011
Under guidance of : Submitted By:

Miss Gunjan Awal Mayank Saxena
(Lecturer) BBA IVth Sem.
I.I.M.S, Bareilly ROLL NO: 108103
Certificate
To whom it may concern
This is certify that Mr. Mayank Saxena student of BBA IV

Semester in our institute has successfully completed her project
work entitled “A Market Survey Report on Customer Preference
towards two brands of digital camera (A case of KODAK VS
SONY) ” for the partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Business
Administration degree.
Prof. Arpan K. Khastagir Project Guide

Director IIMS Miss. Gunjan Awal
PREFACE
Excellence is the attitude that the whole of the human race is born with. It is the environment that
makes sure that whether the result of this attitude is visible or otherwise. The planned, properly
executed and evaluated project report help a lot in including the good work culture.
During this period, the students get their real fast experience on working in the actual environment.
Most of the theoretical knowledge that they have gained during the course of their studies is put to
test here. Apart from this the student gets the opportunity to learn latest technology, which
immensely help them in their carrier.
I had the opportunity to have the real practical experience, which has increased my sphere of
knowledge to a great extent. Now I m better equipped to handle the real thing than anyone else that
has not undergone any such project. During the project report, I learned how an actual project
progresses, what sort of problems actually occur during the development of such big projects, how
to produce quality product and so on. And being such a reputed organization I had but the best
exposer.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to take this opportunity to express my deep gratitude to all those who,
directly or indirectly made this project possible.
I have got considerable help and support in making this project report a reality from
many people.
I would like to thank Director sir, coordinator mam and project guide Miss. Gunjan
Awal faculty members of IIMS Bareilly whose endeavor for perfection, under
fatigable zeal, innovation and dynamism contributed in a big way in completing
this project. This work is the reflection of his thought, ideas, concept and above
all his modest effort.
Objectives Of The Study
To study about the Sony Corporation & Kodak India

To Study about Digital Camera and its types.
To study the Performance of Kodak Digital Camera & Sony Digital Camera.
 Compare the after sales service of Sony and Kodak
 To understand customer’s satisfaction level towards Sony & Kodak digital Camera.
Introduction to Digital Camera
A digital camera (or digicam for short) is a camera that takes video or still photographs,
or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor.
Many compact digital still cameras can record sound and moving video as well as still
photographs. In the Western market, digital cameras outsell their 35 mm film counterparts.
Digital cameras can do things film cameras cannot: displaying images on a screen
immediately after they are recorded, storing thousands of images on a single small memory
device, recording video with sound, and deleting images to free storage space.
Digital cameras are incorporated into many devices ranging from PDAs and mobile phones
(called camera phones) to vehicles. The Hubble Space Telescope and other astronomical
devices are essentially specialised digital cameras.
Introduction to Sony Corporation
Sony Corporation is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato,

Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest media conglomerates with revenue exceeding
¥ 8,871,400 trillion (as of 2008) . Sony is one of the leading manufacturers of electronics,
video, communications, video game consoles, and information technology products for the
consumer and professional markets. Its name is derived from sonus, the Latin word for
sound.
Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the Sony
Group, which is engaged in business through its five operating segments—electronics,
games, entertainment (motion pictures and music), financial services and other. These
make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Sony's
principal business operations include Sony Corporation (Sony Electronics in the U.S.),
Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Computer Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment,
Sony Ericsson, and Sony Financial Holdings. As a semiconductor maker, Sony is among
the Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Sales Leaders. The company's slogan is Sony. Like
no other.
History
Masaru Ibuka, the co-founder of Sony

In 1945, after World War II, Masaru Ibuka started a radio repair shop in a bombed-out
building in Tokyo. The next year, he was joined by his colleague Akio Morita and they
founded a company called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K., which translates in English to
Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation. The company built Japan's first tape
recorder called the Type-G.
In the early 1950s, Ibuka traveled in the United States and heard about Bell Labs'
invention of the transistor. He convinced Bell to license the transistor technology to his
Japanese company. While most American companies were researching the transistor for its
military applications, Ibuka looked to apply it to communications. Although the American
companies Regency and Texas Instruments built the first transistor radios, it was Ibuka's
company that made them commercially successful for the first time. In August 1955,
Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering released the Sony TR-55, Japan's first
commercially produced transistor radio. They followed up in December of the same year
by releasing the Sony TR-72, a product that won favor both within Japan and in export
markets, including Canada, Australia, the Netherlands and Germany. Featuring six
transistors, push-pull output and greatly improved sound quality, the TR-72 continued to be
a popular seller into the early sixties.
In May 1956, the company released the TR-6, which featured an innovative slim design
and sound quality capable of rivaling portable tube radios. It was for the TR-6 that Sony
first contracted "Atchan", a cartoon character created by Fuyuhiko Okabe, to become its
advertising character. Now known as "Sony Boy", the character first appeared in a cartoon
ad holding a TR-6 to his ear, but went on to represent the company in ads for a variety of
products well into the mid-sixties.[6] The following year, 1957, Tokyo Telecommunications
Engineering came out with the TR-63 model, then the smallest (112 × 71 × 32 mm)
transistor radio in commercial production. It was a worldwide commercial success.
University of Arizona professor Michael Brian Schiffer, Ph.D., says, "Sony was not first,
but its transistor radio was the most successful. The TR-63 of 1957 cracked open the U.S.
market and launched the new industry of consumer microelectronics." By the mid 1950s,
American teens had begun buying portable transistor radios in huge numbers, helping to
propel the fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by
the end of 1968.
Sony's headquarters moved to Minato, Tokyo from Shinagawa, Tokyo around the end of
2006.
Origin of name
The Sony building in the Ginza area of Chūō, Tokyo
When Tokyo Tsushin was looking for a romanized name to use to market themselves, they
strongly considered using their initials, TTK. The primary reason they did not is that the
railway company Tokyo Kyuko was known as TKK. The company occasionally used the
acronym "Totsuko" in Japan, but during his visit to the United States, Morita discovered
that Americans had trouble pronouncing that name. Another early name that was tried out
for a while was "Tokyo Teletech" until Morita discovered that there was an American
company already using Teletech as a brand name.
The name "Sony" was chosen for the brand as a mix of two words. One was the Latin word
Sonus which is the root of "sonic" and "sound" and the other was "sonny", a familiar term
used in 1950s America to call a boy. Morita pushed for a word that does not exist in any
language so that they could claim the word "Sony" as their own (which paid off when they
successfully sued a candy producer using the name, who claimed that "Sony" was an
existing word in some language).
At the time of the change, it was extremely unusual for a Japanese company to use Roman
letters instead of kanji to spell its name. The move was not without opposition: TTK's
principal bank at the time, Mitsui, had strong feelings about the name. They pushed for a
name such as Sony Electronic Industries, or Sony Teletech. Akio Morita was firm,
however, as he did not want the company name tied to any particular industry. Eventually,
both Ibuka and Mitsui Bank's chairman gave their approval.[6]
Notable Sony products, technologies and proprietary formats
Sony has historically been notable for creating its own in-house standards for new
recording and storage technologies instead of adopting those of other manufacturers and
standards bodies. The most infamous of these was the videotape format war of the early
1980s, when Sony marketed the Betamax system for video cassette recorders against the
VHS format developed by JVC. In the end, VHS gained critical mass in the marketplace
and became the worldwide standard for consumer VCRs and Sony adopted the format.
While Betamax is for all practical purposes an obsolete format, a professional-oriented
component video format called Betacam that was derived from Betamax is still used today,
especially in the film and television industry.
In 1968 Sony introduced the Trinitron brand name for its line of aperture grille cathode
ray tube televisions and (later) computer monitors. Trinitron displays are still produced, but
only for markets such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, India and China. Sony discontinued the last
Trinitron-based television set in the USA Spring of 2007. Trinitron computer monitors
were discontinued in 2005.
Sony launched the Betamax videocassette recording format in 1975. In 1979 the
Walkman brand was introduced, in the form of the world's first portable music player.
1982 saw the launch of Sony's professional Betacam videotape format and the
collaborative Compact Disc format. In 1983 Sony introduced 90 mm micro diskettes (better
known as 3.5-inch (89 mm) floppy disks), which it had developed at a time when there
were 4" floppy disks and a lot of variations from different companies to replace the then
on-going 5.25" floppy disks. Sony had great success and the format became dominant; 3.5"
floppy disks gradually became obsolete as they were replaced by current media formats. In
1983 Sony launched the MSX, a home computer system, and introduced the world (with
their counterpart Philips) to the Compact Disc or CD. In 1984 Sony launched the Discman
series which extended their Walkman brand to portable CD products. In 1985 Sony
launched their Handycam products and the Video8 format. Video8 and the follow-on hi-
band Hi8 format became popular in the consumer camcorder market. In 1987 Sony
launched the 4 mm DAT or Digital Audio Tape as a new digital audio tape standard.
Sony Discman
In addition to developing consumer-based recording media, after the launch of the CD
Sony began development of commercially based recording media. In 1986 they launched
Write-Once optical discs (WO) and in 1988 launched Magneto-optical discs which were
around 125MB size for the specific use of archival data storage.
In the early 1990s two high-density optical storage standards were being developed: one
was the MultiMedia Compact Disc (MMCD), backed by Philips and Sony, and the other
was the Super Density disc (SD), supported by Toshiba and many others. Philips and Sony
abandoned their MMCD format and agreed upon Toshiba's SD format with only one
modification based on MMCD technology, viz EFMPlus. The unified disc format was
called DVD which was marketed in 1997.
Sony introduced the MiniDisc format in 1993 as an alternative to Philips DCC or Digital
Compact Cassette. Since the introduction of MiniDisc, Sony has attempted to promote its
own audio compression technologies under the ATRAC brand, against the more widely
used MP3. Until late 2004, Sony's Network Walkman line of digital portable music players
did not support the MP3 de facto standard natively, although the provided software
SonicStage would convert MP3 files into the ATRAC or ATRAC3 formats.
Sony's BRAVIA series HDTV

In 1993, Sony challenged the industry standard Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound format
with a newer and more advanced proprietary motion picture digital audio format called
SDDS (Sony Dynamic Digital Sound). This format employed eight channels (7.1) of audio
opposed to just six used in Dolby Digital 5.1 at the time. Unlike Dolby Digital, SDDS
utilized a method of backup by having mirrored arrays of bits on both sides of the film
which acted as a measure of reliability in case the film was partially damaged. Ultimately,
SDDS has been vastly overshadowed by the preferred DTS (Digital Theatre System) and
Dolby Digital standards in the motion picture industry. SDDS was solely developed for use
in the theatre circuit; Sony never intended to develop a home theatre version of SDDS.
The Slimline PlayStation 2
In 1998, Sony launched their Memory Stick format; flash memory cards for use in Sony
lines of digital cameras and portable music players. It has seen little support outside of
Sony's own products with Secure Digital (SD) cards commanding considerably greater
popularity. Sony has made updates to the Memory Stick format with Memory Stick Duo
and Memory Stick Micro.
Sony and Philips jointly developed the Sony-Philips digital interface format (S/PDIF) and
the high-fidelity audio system SACD. The latter has since been entrenched in a format war
with DVD-Audio. At present, neither has gained a major foothold with the general public.
CDs are preferred by consumers because of ubiquitous presence of CD drives in consumer
devices.
In 1994 Sony launched the PlayStation (later PS one). This successful console was
succeeded by the PlayStation 2 in 2000, itself succeeded by the PlayStation 3 in 2006. The
PlayStation 2 has become the most successful video game console of all time. It has sold a
total of over 140 million units and still going. The PlayStation brand was extended to the
portable games market in 2005 by the PlayStation Portable. Sony developed the Universal
Media Disc (UMD) optical disc medium for use on the PlayStation Portable. Although
Sony tried to push the UMD format for movies, major studios stopped supporting the
format in the Spring of 2006.
In 2004, Sony built upon the MiniDisc format by releasing Hi-MD. Hi-MD allows the
playback and recording of audio on newly-introduced 1 GB Hi-MD discs in addition to
playback and recording on regular MiniDiscs. Recordings on the Hi-MD Walkmans can be
transferred to and from the computer virtually unrestricted, unlike earlier NetMD. In
addition to saving audio on the discs, Hi-MD allows the storage of computer files such as
documents, videos and photos. Hi-MD introduced the ability to record CD-quality audio
with a linear PCM recording feature. It was the first time since MiniDisc's introduction in
1992 that the ATRAC codec could be bypassed and lossless CD-quality audio could be
recorded on the small discs.
Sony's retail store, Sony Style

Sony was one of the leading developers and remains one of the strongest proponents of the
Blu-ray Disc optical disc format, which eventually emerged as the market leader over the
competing standard, Toshiba's HD DVD, after a 2 year-long format war. The first Blu-ray
players became commercially available in June 2006, and Sony's first Blu-ray player, the
Sony BDP-S1, debuted in December 2006 with an MSRP of US $999.95. By the end of
2007 the format had the backing of every major motion picture studio except Universal,
Paramount, and Dreamworks.[13][14][15] The Blu-ray format's popularity continued to
increase, solidifying its position as the dominant HD media format, and Toshiba announced
its decision to stop supporting HD DVD on 19 February 2008.
Sony VAIO fashion show in 2008

On September 10, 2007 Sony unveiled Rolly, an egg-shaped digital robotic music player
which has colour lights that flash as it “dances” and has flapping wings that can twist to its
tunes. Movements along with the music downloaded from personal computers and
Bluetooth can be set. Rolly, which went on sale in Japan on September 29, 2007, has one
gigabyte of memory to store tunes. Sony also developed dog-shaped robots called Aibo and
humanoids and Qrio.[16]
In summary, Sony has over the years introduced these standards: Umatic (~1968),
Betamax (1975), Betacam (81), Compact Disc (82), 3.5 inch Floppy Disk (82), Video8
(85), DAT (87), Hi8 (88), Minidisc (~90), Digital Betacam (~90), miniDV (92), Memory
Stick (98), Digital8 (99), PSP Universal Media Disc (~2003), HDV (~2004), Blu-ray Disc
(2006).
Management
On June 22, 2005, Nobuyuki Idei stepped down as Sony Corp. Chairman and Group CEO
and was replaced by Howard Stringer, then Chairman and CEO of Sony Corporation of
America, Corporate Executive Officer, Vice Chairman and COO Sony Entertainment
Business Group. Sony's decision to replace Idei with the British Howard Stringer marked
the first time that a foreigner has run a major Japanese electronics firm. On the same date,
Kunitake Ando stepped down as President and was replaced by Ryoji Chubachi
Mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures

 1987 — On November 18, 1987, Sony acquired CBS Records Group from CBS. It
was renamed "Sony Music Entertainment" in 1991.
 1989 — Acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment from the Coca-Cola Company
for US$3.4 billion. It was subsequently renamed "Sony Pictures Entertainment" in 1991.
 1993 — Acquired Psygnosis Limited a computer games company based in
Liverpool, UK. Psygnosis director Ian Hetherington was made Managing Director of Sony
Computer Entertainment Europe.[18]
 1995 — Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC, a 50:50 joint venture of Sony
Corporation of America and Michael Jackson.
 1997 — ST Liquid Crystal Display Corporation (STLCD), a 50:50 joint venture of
Sony Corporation and Toyota Industries Corporation.
 2001 — Sony Ericsson, a 50:50 joint venture of Sony Corporation and Ericsson
AB, was established in October.
 2002 — Aiwa Corporation in October.
 2004 — S-LCD Corporation, a joint venture of Sony Corporation and Samsung
Electronics Co. Ltd (Samsung Electronics: 50% plus 1 share, Sony: 50% minus 1 share)
was established in April.
 2004 — On 20 July 2004, the EU approved a 50-50 merger between Sony Music
Entertainment and BMG. The new company was named Sony BMG Music Entertainment
and, as of 2005, holds a 21.5% share in the global music market, behind worldwide leader
Universal Music Group, which has a 25.5% share.
 2005 — On 8 April 2005, The MGM Company (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and United
Artists) was acquired by a Sony-led consortium (Providence Equity Partners 29%, Texas
Pacific Group 21%, Sony 20%, Comcast 20%, DLJ Merchant Banking Partners 7% and
Quadrangle Group 3%) finalized the deal to purchase the film studio for about $4.8 billion,
including $2bn in debts from Armenian-American Kirk Kerkorian.
 2006 — Sony NEC Optiarc Inc, a 55:45 (Sony 55%, NEC 45%) joint venture of
Sony Corporation and NEC Corporation, was established in April.
 2006 — Obtained an option to acquire half of Michael Jackson's 50% stake in
Sony/ATV Music Publishing.
 2006 — Acquired digital Single Lens Reflex (Digital SLR) cameras section from
Konica Minolta including digital camera support and servicing.
 2006 — Acquired Grouper Networks (now Crackle, Inc.), a Sausalito-based startup
company that created a user generated video sharing platform and P2P technology for
$65M.
 2006 — Field Emission Technologies Inc., a carve-out of Sony's nano-Spindt FED
technology. Established in December 2006 by Technology Carve-Out Investment LLP
(62.2%) and Sony (37.8%).
 2007 — Qreatic Design Inc, a 50:50 joint venture of Sony Corporation and
Qimonda AG.
 2007 — Moversa GmbH, a 50:50 joint venture of Sony Corporation and NXP
Semiconductors.
 2008 — Acquired Gracenote, Inc. for $260M.[19][20]
 2008 — Acquired Bertelsmann AG's 50% stake in Sony BMG Music
Entertainment.

Manufacturing base
Slightly more than 50% of the electronics' segment's total annual production during the
fiscal year 2005 took place in Japan, including the production of digital cameras, video
cameras, flat panel televisions, personal computers, semiconductors and components such
as batteries and Memory Stick. Approximately 65% of the annual production in Japan was
destined for other regions. China accounted for slightly more than 10% of total annual
production, approximately 70% of which was destined for other regions.
Asia, excluding Japan and China, accounted for slightly more than 10% of total annual
production with approximately 60% destined for Japan, the US and the EU. The Americas
and Europe together accounted for the remaining slightly less than 25% of total annual
production, most of which was destined for local distribution and sale.
Controversy
Fictitious movie reviewer
In July 2000, a marketing executive working for Sony Corporation created a fictitious film
critic, David Manning, who gave consistently good reviews for releases from Sony
subsidiary Columbia Pictures, which generally received poor reviews amongst real critics.
Digital rights management

Main article: 2005 Sony BMG CD copy protection scandal
In October 2005, it was revealed by Mark Russinovich of Sysinternals that Sony BMG
Music Entertainment's music CDs had installed a rootkit on the user's computer as a DRM
measure (called Extended Copy Protection by its creator, British company First 4 Internet),
which was difficult to detect or remove.[25] This constitutes a crime in many countries, and
poses a major security risk to affected users. The uninstaller Sony initially provided
removed the rootkit, but in turn installed a dial-home program that posed an even greater
security risk. Sony eventually provided an actual uninstaller that removed all of Sony's
DRM program from the user's computer. Sony BMG faced several class action lawsuits
regarding this matter.[26] On 31 January 2007, the U. S. Federal Trade Commission issued a
news release announcing that Sony BMG had agreed to settle Federal Trade Commission
charges that Sony BMG committed several offenses against United States federal law. This
settlement required that Sony BMG allow consumers to exchange the CDs through 30 June
2007, and to reimburse consumers for up to $150 for the repair of damage to their
computers that they may have incurred while removing the software.
In 2006 Sony started using ARccOS Protection on some of their film DVDs, which
caused compatibility problems with some DVD players—including models manufactured
by Sony. After complaints, Sony was forced to issue a recall.[27]
In August 2007, security firm F-Secure reported that the MicroVault USB thumb drive
installs a rootkit in a hidden directory without consent on user computers. The directory is
intended to protect fingerprint data, however it can be used for malicious means as most
virus scanners will not search for the directory or its contents.[28] Sony advised it was
conducting an investigation on the third-party product, and would offer a fix by mid-
September.
Advertisements
Sony admitted in late 2005 to hiring graffiti artists to spray paint advertisements for their
PlayStation Portable game system in seven major U.S. cities including New York City,
Philadelphia, and San Francisco.[30] The mayor of Philadelphia filed a cease and desist
order. According to Sony, they paid businesses and building owners for the right to graffiti
their walls.[31] As of early January 2006, Sony had no plans to keep or withdraw them.
In July 2006, Sony released a Dutch advertising campaign featuring a white model
dressed entirely in white and a black model garbed in black. The first ad featured the white
model clutching the face of the black model. The words "White is coming" headlined one
of the ads. The ad has been viewed as racist by critics.[32] A Sony spokesperson responded
that the ad does not have a racist message, saying that it was only trying to depict the
contrast between the black PSP model and the new ceramic white PSP. Other pictures of
the ad campaign include the black model overpowering the white model.[33]
In November 2006, a marketing company employed by Sony created a website entitled
"All I want for Xmas is a PSP", designed to promote the PSP through viral marketing. The
site contained a blog, which was purportedly written by "Charlie", a teenager attempting to
get his friend "Jeremy"'s parents to buy him a PSP, providing links to t-shirt iron-ons,
Christmas cards, and a "music video" of either Charlie or Jeremy "rapping". However,
visitors to the website soon discovered that the website was registered to a marketing
company, exposing the site on sites such as YouTube and digg, and Sony was forced to
admit the site's true origin in a post on the blog, stating that they would from then on "stick
to making cool products" and that they would use the website for "the facts on the PSP".
The site has since been taken down. In an interview with next-gen.biz, Sony admitted that
the idea was "poorly executed".[34]
Legal
In 2002, Sony Computer Entertainment America, marketer of the popular PlayStation
game consoles, was sued by Immersion Corp. of San Jose, California which claimed that
Sony's PlayStation "Dual Shock" controllers infringed on Immersion's patents. In 2004, a
federal jury agreed with Immersion, awarding the company US$82 million in damages. A
U.S. district court judge ruled on the matter in March 2005 and not only agreed with the
federal jury's ruling but also added another US$8.7 million in damages. This is likely the
reason that the sixaxis controller for the PlayStation 3 had no rumble feature. The
DualShock 3 has since been made available for the PlayStation 3, reintroducing rumble
capabilities. Microsoft Corp. was also sued for its Xbox controller, however, unlike Sony,
they settled out of court so they could continue using the technology for the follow-up
Xbox 360.[35]
A California judge ordered Sony to pay Immersion a licensing fee of 1.37 percent per
quarter based on the sales of PlayStation units, Dual Shock controllers, and a selection of
PlayStation 2 games that use Immersion's technology.
In 2008, Sony Computer Electronics, faces a multi-million dollar lawsuit for consumer
fraud in misrepresenting consumer rights to customers in America over product engraving.
Customers were told they had to send in defective merchandise for repair rather than refund
or replacement.
Batteries
In April 2006, a Sony laptop battery exploded in Japan and caught fire. A Japanese couple
in Tokyo are currently (as of July 2007) suing both Sony and Apple Japan for over ¥2
million ($16,700 USD) regarding the incident. The suit argues that the man suffered burns
on his finger when the battery burst into flames while being used, and his wife had to be
treated for mental distress due to the incident.[36]
On 14 August 2006, Sony and Dell admitted to major flaws in several Sony batteries that
could result in the battery overheating and catching fire. As a result they recalled over 4.1
million laptop batteries in the largest computer-related recall to that point in history. The
cost of this recall is being shared between Dell and Sony. Dell also confirmed that one of
its laptops caught fire in Illinois.[37][38] This recall also prompted Japan's Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry to order the companies to investigate the troubles with the
batteries. The ministry said they must report on their findings and draw up a plan to prevent
future problems by the end of August, or face a fine under Japan's consumer safety laws.[39]
Ten days later on 24 August 2006, Apple Computer recalled 1.8 million Sony built
batteries after receiving nine reports of batteries overheating, including two customers who
suffered minor burns, and additional reports of property damage.
On 19 September 2006, Toshiba announced it was recalling 340 000 Sony laptop batteries.
[41]
This recall, however, is not related to the recalls by Apple and Dell, as the batteries are
known to cause the laptops to sometimes run out of power. No injuries or other accidents
have been reported, according to Toshiba spokesman Keisuke Omori.
On 23 September 2006, Sony announced its investigation[43] of a Lenovo ThinkPad T43
laptop which overheated and caught fire in Los Angeles International Airport on 16
September, an incident that was confirmed by Lenovo. On 28 September 2006, Lenovo and
IBM made the global recall of 526 000 laptop batteries.
On 28 September 2006, Sony announced a global battery exchange program in response
to growing consumer concerns.
On 2 October 2006, Hewlett-Packard (HP) determined that it was not necessary for them
to join the global battery replacement program.
On 3 October 2006, the Yomiuri Shimbun (a Japanese Newspaper) reported that Sony
was aware of faults in its notebook PC batteries in December 2005 but failed to fully study
the problem.[47][48]
On 16 October 2006, Fujitsu announced it was recalling 278,000 Sony laptop batteries. It
was also reported that Fujitsu, Toshiba, and Hitachi may seek compensation from Sony
over the battery recalls.[50]
On 25 April 2007, Acer announced that 27,000 batteries from TravelMate and Aspire
series notebooks sold from May 2004 to November 2006 were recalled due to 16 reports of
overheating and explosions.[51]
On 24 August 2007, it emerged that some of Sony's batteries that were not recalled, and
in use on Dell laptop computers, may be at risk of catching fire and exploding; as another
case of a Dell laptop with a Sony battery in it, came to light.[52]
On 30 October 2008, the recall of an additional 100,000 batteries produced by Sony was
announced by Dell, Hewlett-Packard, and Toshiba due to around forty cases of batteries
overheating being reported globally.[53]
CCD
Initially, in October 2005, it was reported by Sony that there were problems with the
charge-coupled devices (CCD) in 20 models of digital still cameras. The problems can
prevent the cameras from taking clear pictures, and in some cases, possibly prevent a
picture to be taken at all. In late November 2006, the recall was broadened to eight
additional models of digital cameras sold between 2003 and 2005. The problem appears to
manifest itself mostly when the camera is used in areas with hot weather. The eight models
effected are the following: DSC-F88, DSC-M1, DSC-T1, DSC-T11, DSC-T3, DSC-T33,
DSC-U40 and DSC-U50. Sony did indicate that they will repair or replace the affected
camera at no charge. Since Sony is one of the largest producers of CCD chips, this recall
may affect other manufacturer's and models of cameras, possibly as many as 100 models or
more. Other manufacturers of digital cameras, including Canon, Minolta, Nikon, Olympus
or Fuji have indicated they will replace faulty CCDs in their respective models of cameras
if necessary.
Environmental record
Sony has received numerous awards and much recognition for their environmental efforts
throughout the world. Their achievements in the way of energy and environmental
conservation have earned them respect for their green campaign[55] despite bad press from a
low ranking on Greenpeace's greener electronics report.
Improvement efforts
Since 1976, Sony has had an Environmental Conference.[57] Sony's policies address their
effects on global warming, the environment, and resources. They are taking steps to reduce
the amount of greenhouse gases that they put out as well as regulating the products they get
from their suppliers in a process that they call "green procurement".[58] Sony has said that
they have signed on to have about 75 percent of their Sony Building running on geothermal
power. The "Sony Take Back Recycling Program" allows consumers to recycle the
electronics products that they buy from Sony by taking them to eCycle (Recycling) drop-
off points around the U.S. The company has also developed a biobattery that runs on sugars
and carbohydrates that works similarly to the way living creatures work. This is the most
powerful small biobattery to date.
Green TV
For sale in Japan on 30 July, 2008, Sony's green product, new flat-panel 32-inch (810 mm)
TV 150,000 yen (US$ 1,400; € 900) Bravia KDL-32JE1 offers ecological consumers
advantages of less energy consumption (70% less a year) than regular models with same
image quality. Sony was able to reduce carbon dioxide emissions totaling 79 kilograms
(174 pounds) a year, without sacrificing quality by developing a brighter back light and
better filtering, which produces light more efficiently. The TVs will have liquid crystal
displays along with high-definition digital broadcast capabilities.
Criticism
In 2000, Sony was ridiculed for a document entitled "NGO Strategy" that was leaked to the
press. The document involved the company's surveillance of environmental activists in an
attempt to plan how to counter their movements. It specifically mentioned environmental
groups that were trying to pass laws that held electronics-producing companies responsible
for the clean up of the toxic chemicals contained in their merchandise. [63] In early July
2007, Sony ranked 14th on the Greenpeace chart "Guide to Greener Electronics." This
chart graded major electronics companies on their environmental work. Sony fell from its
earlier 11th place ranking due to Greenpeace's claims that Sony had double standards in
their waste policies.[64]
On December 9, 2008, Sony Corp. said it will cut 16,000 jobs, curb investment and pull
out of businesses to save $9.1 billion a year
Company Outline
Company Outline
Company: Sony India Pvt. Ltd.
Managing
Mr. Masaru Tamagawa
Director:
Date of
November 17, 1994
Establishment:
Location: A-31, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate, Mathura Road, New Delhi
– 110044, India.
Staff
636 (as at March 31, 2007)
Strength:
Share
Rs. 550 million
Capital:
Share
100% subsidiary of Sony Corporation, Japan
Holding:
Branch Delhi, Haryana, Ludhiana, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata,

Offices: Hyderabad, Vijayawada, Jaipur, Chandigarh, Lucknow, Pune,
Ahmedabad, Indore, Cochin, Coimbatore, Ghaziabad, Guwahati, Hubli
and Ranchi
Business Marketing, Sales and After-Sales Service of electronic products &

Activities: software exports
Products: Televisions, Hi-fi Audios, Home Theater systems and DVD
players, Personal Audio (CD/Cassette Radio Players and Walkman®),
Audio Video Accessories, Car Audio and Visual Systems, Notebooks,
Gaming Consoles, Camcorders and Digital Still Cameras, Digital
Imaging Accessory (Batteries, Chargers, Microphone, Photo Printers),
Mobile Phones, Recording Media and Energy Devices, Broadcast and
Professional products.
Location
Sony India Registered Office
NORTH
New Delhi
A - 31, Mohan Co-operative Industrial Estate, Mathura Road
New Delhi - 110044
Ph No : 66006600
Fax No : 26959141
Sony India Branch Offices
EAST
Guwahati
5th Floor, NH Center Point Building, Opposite Bora Service, G S Road
Guwahati
Ph No : 0361-2462858, 2462859
Kolkata
KCI Plaza, 6th Floor, 23C, Ashutosh Chaudhary Avenue
Ballygunge Phari, Opposite Chinese Pavillion
Kolkata - 700019
Ph No : 033-24614381, 24614387
Fax No : 24614414, 24614399
Ranchi
Plot No. 468, Ground Floor, Sushila Niwas, Hinoo Main Road, Hinoo
Ranchi - 834002
Ph No: 0651-2251217, 2251218, 2251219, 2251220
NORTH
Chandigarh
SCO 162-163, Madhya Marg, Sector 9-C
Chandigarh - 160017
Ph No : 0172-5046431, 5046443
Fax No : 0172-4046445
Ghaziabad
24 Advocate Chambers, 2nd Floor, RDC Raj Nagar
Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
Ph No : 0120-4380060, 4117585, 4117586, 4117587
Fax No : 0120-4380059
Jaipur
C-7, Sultan House, 1st floor,
Sawai Jai Singh Highway, Bani Park
Jaipur - 302016
Ph No : 0141-4041896, 4041897
Fax No : 0141-4041894
Ludhiana
38 G & 39 G, First Floor, B R S Nagar, Ludhiana
Punjab
Ph No : 0161-4632222
Fax No : 0161-4632225
Lucknow
4th Floor, Eldeco Corporate Chambers, Vibhuti Khand
Opposite Kisan Mandi Bhawan, Phase 1 Gomti Nagar
Lucknow
Ph No : 0522-4041231, 4041232, 4041233, 4041234, 4041235
Gurgaon
SCO 32-33, Sec 15, Part II, Ist Floor, Gurgaon,
Haryana
Ph No : 0124-2225267, 2225265
Fax No : 0124-2225269
SOUTH
Bangalore
No.768, 100 Feet Main Road HAL, IInd Stage, 12th Main, Indira Nagar
Bangalore - 560038
Ph No : 080-66605555
Fax No : 080-25294987
Chennai
33/13, Shafee Mohammed Road, Off Greams Road
Chennai - 600006
Ph No : 044-28292571, 28292572
Fax No : 044-28294853
Cochin
2nd Floor, Muscat Tower S.A.Road, Kadavanthara
Cochin - 682 020
Ph No : 0484-2318616, 2318618, 2318619
Fax No : 0484-2318629
Coimbatore
Sony India Pvt Ltd, III Floor, 1025/1 Skanda Square, Avinashi Road
Coimbatore - 641018
Ph No : 0422-4334455
Fax No : 0422-4334456
Hubli
First Floor, No: 4880/4 & 4880/5
Above Bellad & Co, Gokul Road
Hubli - 580030
Ph No : 0836-4264181, 4264182, 4264183
Fax No : 0836-4264184
Hyderabad
6-3-676/A/2/3/4, Punjagutta X Roads, Punjagutta
Hyderabad - 500082
Ph No : 040-66115000
Fax No : 040-23400014
Vijayawada
Matha Towers, 4th Floor, Door No. 59-10-1/A, Ring Road
Patamatalanka, Krishna District
Vijaywada - 520008
Ph No : 0866-6667788
Fax No : 0866-6668020
WEST
Ahemdabad
101, Parth Complex, Ground floor, Swastik Cross Road
Navrangpura
Ahmedabad - 380009
Ph No : 079-26441040, 26441041
Fax No : 26460839
Indore
25/1 Ground Floor, Yashwant Niwas Road, Shirish Chamber
Indore - 452003
Ph No : 0731-4055762, 4042013, 4042033
Mumbai
Ist Floor, Trade Globe Building, Sir M. V. Road
Kondivita, Andheri (East)
Mumbai - 400059
Ph No : 022-28313333, 56919999
Fax No : 28312935
Pune
109, First Floor, City Mall University Road, Ganesh Kind
Pune - 411016
Ph No : 020-41402000
Fax No : 020-41402099
Corporate Social Responsibility

The Sony Group recognizes that its businesses have direct and indirect impact on the
communities in which we operate. Find out how Sony is contributing towards being a
positive global citizen.
Community Activities
With the goal of fostering positive relationships within the communities in which we
operate in, Sony engages in a myriad of activities and encourages employees to play an
active role in their communities.
Environment
Sony recognizes the importance of preserving the natural environment in order to create a
sustainable society for our future generations. Sony is committed to achieving this goal by
seeking to combine ongoing innovation in environmental technology coupled with
environmentally sound business practices.
Cyber-shot™ Digital Camera

Everyone can be a photographer with our wide range of Cyber-shot cameras that aim to
provide you with utmost satisfaction. Packed with plentiful features like Super SteadyShot,
High Sensitivity and Real Imaging Processor, you can be sure that each of our Cyber-shot
cameras delivers a superior performance. To complement their functions, Sony has also
developed a series of accessories that specifically caters to the Cyber-shot range.
Current Models
DSC-T90/P
MRP Rs. 17,990 /-*
(MRP inclusive of all taxes)
DSC-T500/S
MRP Rs. 17,990 /-*
DSC-T77/B
MRP Rs. 13,990 /-*
DSC-T2/B
MRP Rs. 14,990 /-*
DSC-W270/S
MRP Rs. 15,990 /-*
DSC-W230/S
MRP Rs. 13,990 /-*
DSC-W220/S
MRP Rs. 12,990 /-*
DSC-W210/G
MRP Rs. 11,990 /-*
DSC-W300
MRP Rs. 19,990 /-*
DSC-S980/S
MRP Rs. 9,990 /-*
DSC-S930/S
MRP Rs. 7,990 /-*
DSC-S950/B
MRP Rs. 8,990 /-*
DSC-HX1
MRP Rs. 29,990 /-*
DSC-H20
MRP Rs. 17,990 /-*
DSC-H50/B
MRP Rs. 21,990 /-*
DSC-H10/B
MRP Rs. 15,990 /-*
Archived Models
DSC-T300/B
DSC-T200/S
DSC-T70/B
DSC-T100/S
DSC-T20/S
DSC-W170/B
DSC-W150/S
DSC-W130/B
DSC-W120/B
DSC-W110/B
DSC-W200
DSC-W90/S
DSC-W80/S
DSC-W55/L
DSC-W35
DSC-S750
DSC-S730
DSC-S700
DSC-S650
DSC-H3/B
DSC-H9/B
DSC-H7/S
DSC-N2
Series T - DSC-T90/P
Double Anti-blur Technology

Sony's Double Anti-Blur combines two key technologies, High Sensitivity and Optical
Steadyshot, to significantly reduce motion blurs and allow you to capture sharp images in
any situation.
Scene Selection
Each of the Scene Selection mode has pre-set settings that allow you to select the optimal
configurations for your image with just a touch of your finger. So no matter what the
shooting condition, just switch to the most suitable mode and start snapping.
Clear Photo LCD Plus

Gasp at your best moments when you view them on the crystalline clarity of the Clear
Photo LCD Plus Display. It features a special, multi-layered coating that reduces reflection
and increases contrast, so pictures can be previewed and framed in superb detail, even
under extra bright or dark lighting conditions.
BIONZ Image Processing Engine

The BIONZ Image Processing Engine suppresses colour and luminance noise, giving you
enhanced colour reproduction, rich tonal graduations and an amazing clarity of detail that
captures the instant the way it was meant to be.
Intelligent Scene Recognition

Let the camera detect between the different types of scenes, automatically selecting the
optimum settings for each situation. With this mode, shooting in varied situation is a
breeze.
12.1 Mega Pixels

With 12.1 Mega Pixels, your picture offer amazing sharpness and clarity. Crop any part of
an image that captured your imagination, its pin-sharp clarity will remain breathtaking.
Should you require a larger print, the high resolution keeps quality impressively high.
Series T - DSC-T500/S
Face Detection Technology

Sony's Face Detection Technology will automatically adjust the focus, exposure, and
even flash control on multiple faces in the single shot.
any situation.
Scene Selection

Carl Zeiss Vario-Tessar Lens
The world renowned Carl Zeiss Vario-Tessar lens is an exceptional optical solution that
gives you the crisp imaging detail and vivid colour reproduction you have come to expect
from an outstanding lens maker.
Photo Music HD
View and enjoy your images in HD-quality slideshow. You can add music through the
built-in HD Slideshow with music feature and produce entertaining HD slideshows.
Photo TV HD
By connecting to Sony's PhotoTV HD-compactible devices using an optional HD Output
Adaptor Cable, a whole new world of photos can be comfortably enjoyed in breathtaking
full HD quality.
Series T - DSC-T77/B

Sony's Face Detection Technology will automatically adjust the focus, exposure, white
balance and even flash control on multiple faces in the single shot.

any situation.
4x Optical Zoom
With 4x Optical Zoom, image quality isn’t affected even when the magnification is
increased. You'll be able to capture distant subject with optical clarity.

Carl Zeiss Vario-Tessar Lens

The world renowned Carl Zeiss Vario-Tessar lens is an exceptional optical solution that
gives you the crisp imaging detail and vivid colour reproduction you have come to expect
from an outstanding lens maker.

breeze.
Smile Shutter
Created to capture all your happy moments, Smile Shutter cleverly allows you to snap
pictures only when the person is smiling.
W Series - DSC-W210/G
Sony's Face Detection Technology will automatically adjust the focus, exposure, white
balance and even flash control on multiple faces in the single shot.
Scene Selection

BIONZ Image Processing Engine

The BIONZ Image Processing Engine suppresses colour and luminance noise, giving you
enhanced colour reproduction, rich tonal graduations and an amazing clarity of detail that
captures the instant the way it was meant to be.

breeze.
Smile Shutter
Created to capture all your happy moments, Smile Shutter cleverly allows you to snap
pictures only when the person is smiling.
12.1 Mega Pixels
With 12.1 Mega Pixels, your picture offer amazing sharpness and clarity. Crop any part
of an image that captured your imagination, its pin-sharp clarity will remain breathtaking.
Should you require a larger print, the high resolution keeps quality impressively high.
All Sony Digital Camera Prices
Current Cameras
Street Test User
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INTRODUCTION TO KODAK
Eastman Kodak Company (NYSE: EK) is a multinational American corporation which
produces imaging and photographic materials and equipment. Long known for its wide
range of photographic film products, Kodak is re-focusing[2] on two major markets: digital
photography and digital printing.
Origins
Kodak's origins rest with Eastman Dry Plate Company, and the General Aristo
Company, founded by inventor George Eastman and businessman Henry Strong in
Rochester, and Jamestown New York. The General Aristo Company was formed in 1899 in
Jamestown New York, with George Eastman as treasurer, and this company purchased the
stock of American Aristotype Company. Eventually, the business in Jamestown was moved
in its entirety to Rochester, and the plants in Jamestown were razed. The Eastman Dry Plate
Company was responsible for the first cameras suitable for nonexpert use. The Kodak
company attained its name from the first simple roll film cameras produced by Eastman
Dry Plate Company, known as the "Kodak" in its product line. The cameras proved such an
enormous success that the word Kodak was incorporated into the company name. George
Eastman registered the trademark Kodak on September 4, 1888. The Eastman Kodak
Company was founded in 1892.[1] The company is incorporated in New Jersey but has its
offices in Rochester, New York.[3] George Eastman, Kodak's founder, coined the
advertising slogan, "You press the button, we do the rest."[4] In 1901 the Eastman Kodak
Company acquired the stock of General Aristo Company.
Kodak name
The logo from 1987 to 2006.[5]

The letter "K" had been a favorite of Eastman's, he is quoted as saying, "it seems a
strong, incisive sort of letter". He and his mother devised the name Kodak with an
anagram set. He said that there were three principal concepts he used in creating the name:
it should be short, one cannot mispronounce it, and it could not resemble anything or be
associated with anything but Kodak. It has also been suggested that "Kodak" originated
from the suggestion of David Houston, a fellow photographic inventor who held the patents
to several roll film camera concepts that he later sold to Eastman. Houston, who started
receiving patents in 1881, was said to have chosen "Nodak" as a nickname of his home
state, North Dakota (NoDak).[6] This is contested by other historians, however, who cite
that Kodak was trademarked prior to Eastman buying Houston's patents.
Products
Film
Kodak is the largest supplier of photographic films in the world, for the amateur,
professional, and motion picture markets[citation needed]
- despite heavily reducing its
professional still film ranges. Kodak's shift in focus to digital imaging has led to it dropping
all but one incarnation of what is perhaps the most famous film of all time, Kodachrome,
which is now only available in ISO 64 35mm slide format. The systematic deletion of
Kodachrome products from Kodak's product portfolio has caused a great deal of resentment
from film users, who used Kodachrome for its perceived unique look, and in many cases
would have preferred a period of notice before the film stocks were discontinued.
Kodachrome is now processed by only one lab, an independent facility named Dwayne's
Photo in Parsons, Kansas.[8]. The company has also diversified into various other imaging-
related industries (such as medical imaging films now marketed by Carestream Health).
Photo printing
Kodak is a leading producer of silver halide (AgX) paper used for printing from film and
digital images. Minilabs located in retail stores and larger central photo lab operations
(CLOs) use silver halide paper for photo printing. Kodak is also a leading global
manufacturer of photo kiosks which produce "prints in minutes" from digital sources; the
company has placed some 80,000 Picture Kiosks in retail locations worldwide.[9] In
addition, Kodak markets Picture CDs and other photo products such as calendars, photo
books and photo enlargements through retail partners such as CVS, Walmart and Target
and through its Kodak Gallery online service, formerly known as Ofoto. In 2005 Kodak
announced they would stop producing black and white photo paper.
Film cameras
On January 13, 2004, Kodak announced it would stop marketing traditional film cameras
(excluding disposable cameras) in the United States, Canada and Western Europe. But will
continue to sell film cameras in India, Latin America, Eastern Europe and China,[11] By the
end of 2005, Kodak ceased manufacturing cameras that used the Advanced Photo System.
Kodak licensed the manufacture of Kodak branded cameras to Vivitar for two years
following (2005–2006). In 2007 Kodak did not license any manufacture of any film camera
with the Kodak name in this market. These changes reflect Kodak's focus on growth in the
digital markets. Kodak continues to produce film for newer and more popular formats,
while it has also discontinued the manufacture of film in older and less popular formats.
However, Kodak still continues with its production of specialty films.
Digital picture frames

Kodak first launched the Kodak Smart Picture Frame on the QVC shopping channel in
the fourth quarter of 2000, at a time when the majority of consumers didn't know about or
understand this new category. Kodak's Smart Frame was designed by Weave Innovations
and licensed to Kodak with an exclusive relationship with Weave's StoryBox online photo
network.[12] Smart Frame owners connected to the network via an analog telephone
connection built into the frame. The frame was configured to default connect at 2 a.m. to
download new pictures off the Story Box network. The other option to load images onto
the frame was via the CompactFlash port. The retail price was $349 USD. The frame could
hold 36 images internally and came with a six-month free subscription to the StoryBox
network.[13] At the end of six months, users had the option of disconnecting from the
network or paying a subscription fee of $4.95 per month for two automatic connections and
two manual connections, or $9.95 per month for four automatic connections and four
manual connections. Kodak re-entered the digital photo frame market at CES in 2007 with
the introduction of four new EasyShare-branded models that were available in sizes from 8
to 11 inches (280 mm), included multiple memory card slots, and some of which included
wi-fi capability to connect with the Kodak Gallery.
Instant cameras
After losing a patent battle with Polaroid Corporation, Kodak left the instant camera
business on January 9, 1986. The Kodak instant camera included models known as the
Kodamatic and the Colorburst.
Polaroid was awarded damages in the patent trial in the amount of US $909,457,567.00, a
record at the time. (Polaroid Corp. v. Eastman Kodak Co., U.S. District Court District of
Massachusetts, decided October 12, 1990, case no. 76-1634-MA. Published in the U.S.
Patent Quarterly as 16 USPQ2d 1481). See also the following cases: Polaroid Corp. v.
Eastman Kodak Co., 641 F.Supp. 828 [228 USPQ 305] (D. Mass. 1985), stay denied, 833
F.2d 930 [5 USPQ2d 1080] (Fed. Cir.), aff'd, 789 F.2d 1556 [229 USPQ 561] (Fed. Cir.),
cert. denied, 479 U.S. 850 (1986).[14]
Kodak had been the exclusive supplier of negatives for Polaroid cameras from 1963 until
1969, when Polaroid chose to manufacture its own instant film.
Digital cameras
Many of Kodak's earlier digital cameras were designed and built by Chinon Industries, a
Japanese camera manufacturer. In 2004 Kodak Japan acquired Chinon and many of its
engineers and designers joined Kodak Japan. In July 2006 Kodak announced that
Flextronics would manufacture and help design its digital cameras.
Image sensors
As part of its move toward higher end products, Kodak announced on September 15,
2006 that the new Leica M8 camera would incorporate Kodak's KAF-10500 image sensor.
This was the second recent partnership between Kodak and the German optical
manufacturer.
Motion picture and TV production
The Kodak company holds a vital role in the invention and development of the motion
picture industry. Many cinema and TV productions are shot on Kodak film stocks. The
company helped set the standard of 35 mm film, and introduced the 16 mm film format for
amateur use and lower budget productions. The home market-oriented 8 mm and Super 8
formats were also developed by Kodak. Kodak also entered the professional video tape
market, briefly in the mid 1980s, under the product portfolio name of Eastman Professional
Video Tape Products. In 1990, Kodak launched a Worldwide Student Program working
with university faculty throughout the world to help nurture the future generation of film-
makers. Kodak formed Educational Advisory Councils in the US, Europe and Asia made
up of Deans and Chairs of some of the most prestigious film schools throughout the world
to help guide the development of their program.
Kodak owns the visual effects film post-production facilities Cinesite, in Los Angeles
and London, and also LaserPacific in Los Angeles. Kodak also owns Pro-Tek Media
Preservation Services in Burbank, California. Pro-Tek is the world's premier film storage
company.
Technical Support
Aside from technical phone support for their products, Kodak offers onsite service for
other devices such as printers, microfilm and microfiche machines, and photocopiers, for
which they dispatch technicians who make repairs in the field.
Consumer inkjet printers and ink cartridges

Kodak entered into consumer inkjet photo printers in a joint venture with manufacturer
Lexmark in 1999 with the Kodak Personal Picture Maker.
In February 2007, Kodak re-entered the market with a new product line of All-In-One
(AiO) inkjet printers, which employ Kodacolor Technology.
Digital transformation
In an effort to reduce costs, Kodak accompanied its shift toward digital products with a
series of layoffs and facility closures, cutting 12,000–15,000 jobs around the world since
2000, a 20–25 percent reduction in its workforce.
Kodak Gallery
Main article: Kodak EasyShare Gallery
In June 2001, Kodak purchased the photo-developing website Ofoto. It was later re-
named the Kodak Gallery. At the website, users can upload their photos into albums,
publish them into prints, and create mousepads, calendars, etc. Kodak says the website is
the "leading online digital photo developing service".
Company history
2009
 In January 2009, Kodak posted quarterly loss and plan to cut up to 4,500 jobs.
January 29, 2009.
2008
 Kodak Graphic Communications wins the British Columbia Technology Industry
Association Impact Award[17] for Excellence in Product Innovation. The winning product
was an advanced manufacturing tool that uses laser imaging to produce color filters for
Liquid Crystal Displays (specifically, large LCD televisions) in a cost-effective and
environmentally friendly way.
 In October 2008, Kodak Graphic Communications Canada Co. was named one of
"Canada's Top 100 Employers" by Mediacorp Canada Inc., and was featured in Maclean's
newsmagazine. Later that month, it was also named one of BC's Top Employers, which
was announced by The Vancouver Sun, The Province and the Victoria Times-Colonist.[18]
2007
 On June 14, Kodak announced a two to fourfold increase in sensitivity to light
(from one to two stops) compared to current sensor designs. This design is a departure from
the classic "Bayer filter" by adding panchromatic, or “clear” pixels to the RGB elements on
the sensor array. Since these pixels are sensitive to all wavelengths of visible light, they
collect a significantly higher proportion of the light striking the sensor. In combination with
advanced Kodak software algorithms optimized for these new patterns, photographers
benefit from an increase in photographic speed (improving performance in low light), faster
shutter speeds (reducing motion blur for moving subjects), and smaller pixels (higher
resolutions in a given optical format) while retaining performance. The technology is
credited to Kodak scientists John Compton and John Hamilton.[19] Initially targeted for
consumer markets such as digital still cameras and camera phones, the technology is
expected to be available in early 2008.
2006
 Kodak EasyShare V570 Dual Lens Digital Camera: In January 2006, the world's
first dual-lens digital still camera was unveiled at the CES. It was also the world’s smallest
ultra-wide-angle optical zoom digital camera. Using proprietary Kodak Retina Dual Lens
technology, the V570 wrapped an ultra-wide angle lens (23 mm) and a second optical zoom
lens (39 – 117 mm) into a body less than an inch thick.
 Kodak EasyShare V610 Dual Lens Digital Camera: The world’s smallest 10× (38–
380 mm) optical zoom camera at less than an inch thick.
2005
 Kodak EasyShare-One Digital Camera: The world’s first Wi-Fi consumer digital
camera, and the world's first camera that could e-mail pictures was unveiled at the January
2005 CES
2004
 Eastman Kodak Company is removed from the Dow Jones Industrial Average index
on April 8, 2004; having been listed for the past 74 years.[20]
2003
 Kodak EasyShare LS633 Digital Camera: The world's first digital camera to feature
a full-color, active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. The display
measured 2.2 inches (56 mm) and had a 165° viewing angle. OLED technology was
developed by Kodak. The retail price was $399 USD.
 Kodak EasyShare Printer Dock 6000: The world's first printer-and-camera dock
combination, enabled users to print borderless 4 × 6 in (152 mm) laminated, waterproof,
photos directly from the EasyShare digital camera with no computer required in 90
seconds. The printer dock could also charge the camera's battery or be connected to a
computer to offer one-touch picture transfer. The printer dock used thermal dye-sub
technology (a paper-and-ribbon system) that provided continuous tone color ink that dried
instantly. The retail price was $199 USD.
1994
 Eastman Chemical, a Kodak subsidiary founded by George Eastman to supply
Kodak's chemical needs, is spun-off as a separate corporation. Eastman is now a Fortune
500 company in its own right.
1987
 Dr. Ching Tang, a senior research associate, and his colleague, Steven Van Slyke,
developed the first multi-layer OLEDs at the Kodak Research Laboratories, for which he
later became a Fellow of the Society for Information Display (SID)
 OLED displays comprise self-luminous pixels, which are thinner, clearer, and do
not require power-consuming backlights as compared to LCD displays.
1986
 Kodak scientists invented the world's first megapixel sensor, capable of recording
1.4 million pixels, capable of producing a photo-quality 5×7 inch print.
1921 camera
1976
 The Bayer Pattern color filter array (CFA) invented by Eastman Kodak researcher
Bryce Bayer. The order in which dyes are placed on an image sensor photosite, is still in
use today.
1975
 The invention of the digital camera by Steven Sasson, then an electrical engineer at
Eastman Kodak.
1936
 Eastman Kodak introduces Kodachrome, the first 35mm color film.
1930
 Eastman Kodak Company is added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average index on
July 18, 1930. The company would remain listed for the next 74 years.[20]
1920
 Tennessee Eastman is founded as a wholly-owned subsidiary. The company's
primary purpose is the manufacture of chemicals, such as acetyls, needed for Kodak's film
photography products.
1888
 George Eastman registered Kodak as a trademark and coined the phrase "You Press
The Button and We Do The Rest."
1885
 George Eastman invented roll film, the basis for the invention of motion picture
film, as used by early filmmakers and Thomas Edison.
Acquisitions
2005 Kodak announced agreement to acquire Creo Inc., a Canadian supplier of prepress
systems used by commercial printers worldwide. Based in Burnaby, British Columbia,
Creo was an important provider of workflow software used by printers to manage
efficiently the movement of text, graphics and images from the computer screen to the
printing press. Creo's flagship workflow product was Prinergy, which is still distributed and
maintained by Kodak. Creo's key strengths were in imaging, software, and digital printing
plate technology, with a range of technology solutions aimed at commercial, publication,
on demand, packaging, newspaper printers, and creative professionals, in part the result of
Creo's acquisition of the graphics arts bisiness from Scitex Corporation in April 2000. Creo
product lines included software and hardware for computer-to-plate imaging, systems for
digital photography, scanning, and proofing, as well as printing plates and proofing media.
Creo also supplied on-press imaging technology, components for digital presses, color
servers and high-speed digital printers. Creo had more than 25,000 customers and offices in
30 countries worldwide.
Kodak announced on April 5 that it completed its acquisition of Kodak Polychrome
Graphics (KPG) through redemption of Sun Chemical Corporation's 50% interest in the
joint venture. KPG is now part of Kodak's graphic communications group. Kodak
purchased KPG for $817 million.
2004 Kodak announced agreement to acquire two lines of business from Heidelberger
Druckmaschinen AG, the world's largest maker of offset printing machines. Kodak
purchased Heidelberg's 50% interest in NexPress Solutions L.L.C., a 50/50 joint venture
of Kodak and Heidelberg that made digital color printing systems, and the equity of
Heidelberg Digital L.L.C., a leading maker of digital black-and-white printing systems.
Kodak also announced agreement to acquire NexPress GmbH, Heidelberg's German
subsidiary, and certain inventory and assets held by Heidelberg's regional operations, or
market centers, as well as offer employment to sales and service employees currently with
Heidelberg's market centers. NexPress and Heidelberg Digital were leading suppliers of
high-end, on-demand color printing systems and black-and-white variable-data printing
systems, respectively. NexPress had installed more than 300 NexPress 2100 digital presses
throughout the world, making it a leader in high-end, on-demand color printing. Heidelberg
Digital had 4,000 Digimaster black and white systems installed worldwide, serving a
variety of customer applications. Combined, the businesses acquired employed
approximately 2,000 people. Kodak planned to locate the combined headquarters at
Heidelberg Digital's Manitou Road facilities in Rochester.
Kodak announced agreement to acquire the Imaging business of National
Semiconductor Corp. based in Santa Clara, California, which developed and
manufactured complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor image sensor (CIS) devices.
The acquired assets, including intellectual property and equipment, and 50 employees who
supported National's Imaging business became part of Kodak's Image Sensor Solutions
organization, which designs and manufactures image sensors for professional and industrial
imaging markets. Through this acquisition, Kodak added additional resources and
technologies (including advanced mixed-signal circuit design) to strengthen their ability to
design next generation CIS devices that promise improved image quality with complex on-
chip image processing circuitry. This move was intended to accelerate Kodak's longer term
goal of providing CIS devices that offer the image quality of CCD sensors while still taking
advantage of the power, integration and cost benefits traditionally associated with CMOS
technology. Kodak opened a new office for the Image Sensor Solutions organization in
Sunnyvale, CA.
2003 Kodak announced agreement to acquire Applied Science Fiction Technologies
with operations in Austin, Texas (now referred to as Kodak Austin Development Center).
Applied Science Fiction, formed in 1995, was the creator of Digital ICE and Digital ICE3
technologies, a leader in automatic photo restoration applications, and the inventor of the
digital dry film processing system: Digital PIC. Digital PIC in minutes would develop
standard color negative film without chemical mixing or plumbing. The process would
simultaneously render a digital image file used to print photographs or write images on a
CD. Kodak intended to integrate these technologies into its Photo Kiosks.
Kodak announced agreement to acquire Scitex Digital Printing, the world leader in
ultra-high-speed, variable data inkjet printing systems, from Scitex Corporation Ltd. Based
in Dayton, Ohio, Scitex Digital Printing was the leading supplier of high-speed, continuous
inkjet printing systems, primarily serving the commercial and transactional printing sectors.
Scitex Digital Printing's product included the monochrome, spot and full-color VersaMark
page printing systems and the Dijit family of narrow-format printers. These systems are
used primarily to print utility bills, banking and credit card statements, direct mail
marketing materials, as well as invoices, financial statements and other transactional
documents. The company employed 733 people. The acquisition of Scitex provided Kodak
with additional capabilities in the transactional printing and direct mail sectors, as well as
an industry-leading patent portfolio for continuous inkjet printing technology. Scitex
Digital Printing had over 9,000 system installations worldwide in a variety of applications
ranging from addressing, personalization and variable messaging, to direct mail and bill
and statement printing. Kodak renamed the company Kodak Versamark, Inc. and
subsequently brought the facility into the Kodak Graphic Communications Group as its
Inkjet Printing Solutions area. Scitex Digital Printing had originally been acquired by
Scitex from Kodak in June 1993 and was then known as Kodak's Dayton Operations.
Kodak announced agreement to acquire Laser-Pacific Media Corporation, a leading
Hollywood-based post-production company. Laser-Pacific operates as a wholly owned
subsidiary of Kodak, reporting to the company’s Entertainment Imaging products and
services operation. Founded in 1990, Laser-Pacific is well recognized in the Hollywood
entertainment community. A winner of six Emmy awards for outstanding achievement in
engineering development, Laser-Pacific provides post-production services for television,
home video and motion pictures. These services include high-quality film processing, state-
of-the-art film transfer, editing, mastering, digital preview services, and DVD compression
and authoring. The acquisition allowed Kodak to establish a major presence in television
post-production and further extend the company’s current digital services capabilities in the
feature film market.
2001 Kodak announced the completion of the acquisition of Emeryville, California-based,
Ofoto, Inc., a leading online photography service. Ofoto was to operate as a wholly owned
subsidiary of Kodak, and served to complement Kodak's existing infrastructure and Internet
photography services. Financial terms of the acquisition were not disclosed. Founded in
1999, Ofoto had 1.2 million registered members. The company employed 121 people.
Kodak indicated that no layoffs were planned at Ofoto. Kodak said they planned to use
Ofoto mainly to make prints of the digital images uploaded by consumers or with the help
of retail photofinishing partners. With 18 million members, Ofoto announced in 2005 that
the service would change its name to Kodak EasyShare Gallery.
Kodak announced it would acquire ENCAD, Inc., a San Diego manufacturer of wide-
format inkjet printers, for approximately $25 million on November 15. The acquisition was
finalized January 24, 2002 and ENCAD became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kodak. The
acquisition made Kodak one of the top three sellers of wide-format inkjet products in the
commercial inkjet market. The transaction was expected to contribute to earnings
beginning in 2003. The acquisition leveraged Kodak's core capabilities in inks and media,
and opened markets ranging from retail point-of-sale to office decor.
Partnerships
2006 Motorola, Inc. and Kodak announced a 10-year global product, cross licensing and
marketing alliance intended to fulfill the promise of mobile imaging for the benefit of
consumers. By incorporating Kodak’s image science and system integration expertise with
Motorola's mobile device design, the two companies goal is to greatly improve the ease-of-
use and image capture experience of camera phones. The collaboration covers licensing,
sourcing, software integration, marketing, and extends to co-development of image-rich
devices with joint engineering teams. For example, Kodak expects to supply its CMOS
sensors to Motorola for use in its camera phones, as well as in any future devices the
companies co-develop. Additionally, the cooperation to seamlessly integrate millions of
Motorola mobile devices with Kodak home printers, retail kiosks, and the Kodak
EasyShare Gallery will provide a solution to consumers who want a quick and easy way to
get their images out of the phone for sharing. Under the alliance, Motorola and Kodak plan
to initially expand access to and awareness of mobile-imaging services – including retail
programs, online services and customized operator-led initiatives that deliver a seamless,
easy experience for consumers. Later plans are to launch handsets and co-created mobile
devices with integrated software to enable consumers to access and manage their mobile
images seamlessly and conveniently. This cross-licensing agreement between Kodak and
Motorola delivers royalty revenues to Kodak.
Kodak announced a partnership with Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc. for a
line of custom, personalized photo products. The products are intended to blend Martha
Stewart’s "how-to" style with Kodak’s photo quality expertise, combining online
photography with offline products. The photo products include individualized Photo
Books, stationery, stickers, and cards, customized for holidays, weddings, and thank-you
notes. The products were available by the end of the year and found on
www.kodakgallery.com and www.marthastewart.com.
There was also partnerships with Kodak Fc in Harrow, where in the season of 03/04 a
bright left footed striker by the name of Jack Dennehy ermerged from the ranks scoring 73
goals in the one season before the tragic event that lead to to his football career being
trashed, when he broke his leg in 6 places in a tragic skiing incident in the Torino Olympic
Trials.
Kodak Canada, Ryerson University

Ryerson University located in Toronto has recently acquired two significant collections.
Kodak Canada has recently donated its entire historic company archives to Ryerson
University . The Library will also soon acquire an extensive collection of materials on the
history of photography from the private collection of Nicholas M. & Marilyn A. Graver of
Rochester , New York . The Kodak Archives, which begin in 1909, contain historic photos,
files, trade circulars, Kodak magazines, price lists, daily record books, cameras, equipment
and other ephemera.
Agreements
2007 Kodak announced a cross licensing agreement May 25 with Chi Mei
Optoelectronics and Chi Mei EL (CMEL) of Taiwan. CMEL plans to incorporate
Kodak's active matrix OLED display technology in small panel, mobile displays. The
license, which is royalty bearing to Kodak, enables CMEL to use Kodak technology
(intellectual property, manufacturing know-how, and materials) for active matrix OLED
modules in a variety of small to medium size display applications such as mobile phones,
digital cameras and portable media players. The agreement also enables CMEL to purchase
Kodak's patented OLED materials for use in manufacturing displays. Financial terms of the
agreement were not disclosed.
On September 4, Kodak announced a five-year extension of its partnership with Lexar
Media[22].
2006 Kodak announced an agreement August 1 in which Flextronics International Ltd.
would manufacture and distribute Kodak consumer digital cameras and manage certain
camera design and development functions. Flextronics would also manage the operations
and logistics services for Kodak’s digital still cameras. Kodak continues to develop the
high-level system design, product look and feel and user experience, and conducts
advanced research and development for its digital still cameras.
Under the agreement, Kodak divested its entire digital camera manufacturing operations
to Flextronics; assembly, production, and testing. Flextronics thus acquired a significant
portion of the Kodak Digital Product Center, Japan, Ltd. (“KDPC”) in Chino and
Yokohama, Japan, (camera design functions and employees) and Kodak Electronics
Products, Shanghai Co. Ltd. (“KEPS”) in China (camera manufacturing, assembly,
warehousing, and employees). Approximately 550 Kodak personnel were transferred to
Flextronics facilities.
The agreement served to drive profitability, efficiency, and streamline digital camera
operations by bringing "camera products to market more quickly, with greater
predictability, flexibility, and cost efficiency while maintaining the innovative ease-of-use
for which the Kodak brand is renowned."[23] He added that the new strategy would enable
Kodak to sustain innovation be focusing on advanced development and other areas to
achieve the greatest competitive differentiation and advantage.
Kodak would retain all intellectual property and patents as part of the transaction as well
as Kodak trademarks, Kodak trade names, Kodak customers, customer information and
customer relationships, Kodak feature specifications, Kodak digital camera designs and
Kodak digital camera technologies.
Greg Westbrook, President of Flextronics' Consumer Digital market segment, was
formerly General Manager of digital capture at Kodak.
2004 Kodak signed an exclusive long-term agreement with Lexar Media Inc. of
Fremont, California to help market digital memory cards by putting its brand name on
cards designed, manufactured and sold/distributed by Lexar such as Compact Flash and
Secure Digital cards. The agreement was to give Kodak a broader role in a rapidly growing
market. Terms of the agreement were not disclosed, however a source of revenue would be
provided to Kodak. The agreement would also help Lexar to crack new channels of
distribution worldwide. At the time, Lexar products were sold in about 48,000 retail outlets,
whereas Kodak was doing business with a half-million storefronts in roughly 70 nations.
Environmental record
Kodak has been widely criticized by environmentalists and researchers as one of the
worst corporate polluters in the United States. According to scorecard.org, a web site that
collects information on corporate pollution, Kodak is New York State’s number one
polluter, releasing 4,433,749 pounds of chemicals into the air and water supply.[25]
The Political Economy Research Institute of the University of Massachusetts, author of
the Toxic 100, ranked Kodak the fifth largest polluter in the United States in 2002.[26] In
2004, the Citizens' Environmental Coalition's (CEC) of New York awarded Kodak one of
its "Dirty Dozen" awards to highlight its consistently high rates of pollution.[27]
However, in 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) selected Kodak to
receive the EnergyStar Sustained Excellence Award for "outstanding and continued
leadership in reducing greenhouse gas emissions through superior energy management."
As an example of the company's environmental stewardship efforts, Kodak has hosted a
pair of Peregrine falcons since 1998. An endangered species in New York State, Peregrines
were de-listed from the federal Endangered Species list in 1999, but are still considered
threatened. The female falcon, Mariah, and her mates Cabot-Sirocco (1998–2001) and
Kaver (2002-present) have raised 35 young from a man-made nest box placed at the top of
the company's world headquarters building in Rochester, New York. From 1998–2006 the
Kodak Birdcam website transmitted images from the nest box. In 2007 Kodak ceded
primary responsibility for hosting the website to the Genesee Valley Audubon Society
under the new name Rochester Falconcam.[28]
Kodak details its annual progress in Global Sustainability, as well as Health, Safety, and
Environment, in a Global Sustainability report.[29]
Divestitures
2007
Kodak announced on January 10 an agreement to sell its Health Group Onex Healthcare
Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of Toronto-based Onex Corporation for $2.55 billion.[30] The
sale was completed May 1.[31] Kodak received $2.35 billion in cash, and would receive up
to $200 million in additional future payments if Onex achieved certain returns with the
Health Group investment. Kodak used the proceeds to fully repay its approximately $1.15
billion of secured term debt, and is studying options for the remaining cash as it sharpens
strategic focus on consumer and professional imaging and the graphic communications
industry. About 8,100 Kodak Health Group employees transferred to the Onex-acquired
business, continuing under the name Carestream Health, Inc. Included in the sale are
manufacturing operations focused on the production of health imaging products, as well as
an office building in Rochester, N.Y. Kodak’s Health Group had revenue of $2.54 billion
for the latest 12 reported months (through September 30, 2006). It was a worldwide leader
in information technology, molecular imaging systems, medical and dental imaging;
including digital x-ray capture, medical printers, and x-ray film. Onex Corporation is a
diversified company and one of Canada’s largest corporations, with global operations in
health care, service, manufacturing and technology industries. The health care operations
include emergency care facilities and diagnostic imaging clinics. Goldman, Sachs & Co.
acted as financial advisor to Kodak on the sale of its Health Group and Sullivan &
Cromwell LLP provided legal counsel. Lazard Freres & Co. provided a fairness opinion in
relation to the transaction.
On April 19, Kodak announced it had reached a deal to sell its Light Management Film
group (a portion of its display business) to Rohm and Haas Co., based in Philadelphia.
Light management film is used as layers on flat panel TVs and displays to improve
effectiveness and control brightness. The group comprised 125 workers worldwide, with
about 100 located in Rochester. Rohm and Haas would license technology and purchase
equipment from Kodak, and lease Building 318 at Kodak Park. The sale price was not
disclosed.
1994
Kodak's chemical subsidiary, Tennessee Eastman, was spun-off as a separate corporation,
Eastman Chemical. Tennessee Eastman had been founded in 1920 by George Eastman to
provide Kodak with the chemicals needed for its film-based photography business. Since
the spin-off, Eastman Chemical has diversified its product portfolio, and is now a Fortune
500 corporation in its own right.
Better Business Bureau expulsion proceedings
On 26 March 2007, the Council of Better Business Bureaus (CBBB) announced that
Eastman Kodak had advised it that the company was resigning its national membership in
the wake of expulsion proceedings initiated by the CBBB Board of Directors.[32] In 2006,
Kodak had notified the BBB of Upstate New York that it would no longer accept or
respond to consumer complaints submitted by them. In prior years, Kodak had responded
by offering consumers an adjustment or an explanation of the company’s position. The
BBB file contains consumer complaints of problems with repairs of Kodak digital cameras,
as well as difficulty communicating with Kodak customer service. Among other
complaints, consumers say that their cameras broke and they were charged for repairs when
the failure was not the result of any damage or abuse. Some say their cameras failed again
after being repaired.
Kodak said its customer service and customer privacy teams concluded that 99 percent of
all complaints forwarded by the BBB already had been handled directly with the customer.
Brian O’Connor, Kodak chief privacy officer, said the company was surprised by the news
release distributed by the Better Business Bureau:
It is inaccurate in the facts presented as well as those the BBB chose to omit. Ironically,
we ultimately decided to resign our membership because we were extremely unhappy with
the customer service we received from the local office of the BBB. After years of
unproductive discussions with the local office regarding their Web site postings about
Kodak, which in our view were consistently inaccurate, we came to the conclusion that
their process added no value to our own. Our commitment to our customers is unwavering.
That will not change. What has changed is that, for us, the BBB’s customer complaint
process has become redundant, given the multiple and immediate ways that customers have
to address their concerns directly with Kodak.
EASYSHARE V1273
We’ve combined the power of 12 megapixels with a 3X zoom lens with optical image
stabilization to help you get crisp, clear pictures. Make amazing quality prints to display or
share with friends and family.
The all-glass SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH VARIOGON Lens delivers remarkable

precision and sharpness
Get closer to your subjects with 3X optical zoom
Clear, sharp pictures with image stabilization
Optical image stabilization automatically minimizes camera shake to deliver sharper
pictures
Blur reduction technology minimizes blur caused by subject movement or fast action
situations
Amazing quality prints with 12 MP
12 MP means you can make stunning prints up to 30 × 40 in. (76 × 102 cm)
However you choose to print—at home, at retail, or online—trust Kodak for picture
quality that’s truly exceptional and for memories that will last
EASYSHARE M1093 IS Digital Camera
3X optical zoom lens
3X optical zoom (35 mm equivalent: 35–105 mm) gets you closer to your subjects
without reducing image quality
The KODAK RETINAR All-Glass Aspheric Lens captures crisp details
5X digital zoom enlarges your pictures even more
Image stabilization
Image stabilization and blur reduction technology reduce blur caused by camera
shake, subject movement or fast action situations to deliver sharper pictures
Back to top
Beautiful pictures—automatically
Who says you can't have it all? The KODAK EASYSHARE M1093 IS Digital Camera
brings the latest picture-taking technology right to your fingertips. With Kodak's innovative
Smart Capture feature, it's the take-anywhere camera that does it all—automatically.
Smart Capture feature
Take better pictures than ever before. Kodak's innovative Smart Capture feature adjusts
camera settings for great pictures in just about any environment—automatically.
Intelligent scene detection—detects and analyzes scene conditions

Intelligent capture control—automatically sets camera settings including exposure,
focus and ISO for clear, sharp pictures even in low light and challenging situations
Intelligent image processing—reduces noise and clears up dark shadows for vibrant,
crisp details and true-to-life COLOURS.
EASYSHARE V1073 Digital Camera

See the details with 3x zoom
The all-glass SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH VARIOGON Lens delivers remarkable
precision and sharpness
Get closer to your subjects with 3X optical zoom
Clear, sharp pictures with image stabilization
Optical image stabilization automatically minimizes camera shake to deliver
sharper pictures
Blur reduction technology minimizes blur caused by subject movement or fast
action situations
However you choose to print—at home, at retail, or online—trust Kodak for picture
EASYSHARE Z980 Digital Camera
Vertical shutter release

Shoot vertical as well as horizontal with the convenient vertical shutter release
Detachable vertical grip (included) provides maximum comfort while shooting
vertically
Powerful 24X optical zoom lens
The 24X SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH VARIOGON Optical Zoom Lens (26–624 mm)
zooms in even faster and closer to deliver crisp, steady shots for extraordinary creative
performance
Fast (f/2.8–f/5.0) 26 mm wide-angle lens
Capture dramatic shots in tight quarters or in front of spectacular landscapes
Image stabilization
Capture sharp, steady shots when shooting at long zoom ranges
Image stabilization automatically minimizes camera shake to deliver sharper
pictures
More megapixels means you can crop and enlarge and still have great picture quality
However you choose to print—at home, at retail, or online—trust KODAK for picture
Fast click to capture speed
< 0.2 second click-to-capture speed means you can capture that challenging action shot
without delay
EASYSHARE Z8612 IS Digital Camera
12X zoom with optical image stabilization

The all glass 12X SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH VARIOGON Optical Zoom Lens (36–
432 mm) zooms in fast to deliver extraordinary creative performance
Fast f/2.8–f/4.8
Capture sharp, steady shots when shooting at long zoom ranges with optical image
stabilization
Amazing quality prints with 8.1 MP
8.1 MP means you can make stunning prints up to 30 × 40 in. (76 × 102 cm)
However you choose to print—at home, at retail, or online—trust KODAK for picture
Capture grid line display
A selectable grid line display helps with image composition, especially for taking shots
of buildings or landscapes
On-camera features
Easily capture and create great shots with features such as on-camera cropping, blurry
picture alert, and digital redeye reduction
Histogram feature
Verify the exposure of your picture using the histogram feature on live view, quick view,
and review
Smart scene mode
Capture stunning shots with ease—smart scene mode automatically selects from 5
available scene modes
If a scene mode cannot be detected, the camera will default to Auto
EASYSHARE Z1285 Zoom Digital Camera
HD picture capture
Capture beautiful HD pictures in 16:9 format
View your pictures in high definition on an HDTV or other HD
devices
HD video features
Capture HD quality video
Capture more video while using less memory with MPEG-4
compression
Print multiple frames on a 4 × 6 in. (10 × 15 cm) print
Save single frames and e-mail family and friends
Mark special spots in your video with video bookmarking
KODAK EASYSHARE HDTV Dock (optional accessory)
Elevate your high definition experience—view your photos on your HDTV using the
KODAK EASYSHARE HDTV Dock.
Experience HD video playback at 720p and 1080i resolution

Show off your still photography in vivid HD
Connect to your KODAK EASYSHARE HDTV Dock however you want; place your
KODAK EASYSHARE Camera on it, use an SD card, USB flash drive, or card reader
attached to the USB port
Display your photos as single pictures, multi-up, or in slideshow format
High ISO mode—capture the details

Faster shutter speeds mean you can capture the details in low light conditions and fast
action situations
The camera automatically selects from ISO 100 to ISO 3200 based on lighting conditions
ISO 3200 available at 3.1 MP, 2.2 MP, 2.1 MP, and 1.2 MP setting in P/M mode
Digital image stabilization
Reduce blur caused by camera shake or subject movement
The camera software automatically minimizes camera shake to deliver a clear
picture
KODAK PERFECT TOUCH Technology
Make your pictures as vivid as the moment you took them, right on camera.
Print better, brighter pictures

Relive your memories in richer detail
EASYSHARE M380 Digital Camera
10.2 MP means you can make stunning prints up to 30 × 40 in. (76 × 102
cm)
More megapixels means you can crop and still get a great picture
The KODAK AF Optical Zoom Lens captures crisp details
Zoom in close and capture long-distance shots with the 5X optical zoom lens
Blur reduction
Reduce blur caused by camera shake or subject movement or fast action situations
to deliver sharper pictures
The camera automatically minimizes the effects of camera shake to deliver a clearer
picture
Beautiful pictures, more often—automatically
Who says you can't have it all? The KODAK EASYSHARE M380 Digital Camera
blends the latest picture-taking technology with the ultimate in style—and with Kodak’s
innovative Smart Capture feature, it’s the take-anywhere camera that does it all—
automatically.
Kodak's Smart Capture feature


Intelligent capture control—automatically sets camera settings including exposure,
focus and ISO for clear, sharp pictures even in low light and challenging situations
crisp details and true-to-life colors
10.2 MP means you can make stunning prints up to 30 × 40 in. (76 × 102 cm)
More megapixels means you can crop and still get a great picture
The KODAK AF Optical Aspheric Lens captures crisp details
5X digital zoom enlarges your pictures even more
Beautiful pictures, more often—automatically
Who says you can't have it all? The KODAK EASYSHARE M340 Digital Camera
blends the latest picture-taking technology with the ultimate in style—and with Kodak’s
innovative Smart Capture feature, it’s the take-anywhere camera that does it all—
automatically.
Kodak's Smart Capture feature


Intelligent capture control—automatically sets camera settings including exposure, focus
and ISO for clear, sharp pictures even in low light and challenging situations
crisp details and true-to-life colors
• A pocket full of style.
• 7.2 MP for prints up to 20 × 30 in. (50 × 76 cm)
• 3X optical zoom
• HD picture capture
• Face detection
• Digital image stabilization
• Li-Ion rechargeable battery included
• Choose from many stylish colors
EASYSHARE M1093 IS Digital Camera
Kodak Digital Cameras - All

Here are all the cameras we know about made by Kodak. Models not being manufactured
any more are marked "discontinued," although you may still find recent models in stores,
even after Kodak has stopped building them. A review link appears for those cameras
we've reviewed. If we have current pricing information available on our price-comparison
pages, you'll find a link to take you directly to that camera's specific price-comparison
page. Happy Hunting!
All Kodak Digital Camera Prices
Current Cameras
Street Test User
Kodak EasyShare Price-
Preview Specs
C142 Grabber
Kodak EasyShare $73.98 Price-

Specs
C143 Check Prices Grabber

Preview Specs

Preview Specs

Specs

Preview Specs
M341 Check Prices Grabber

Preview Specs
M381 Grabber

Preview Specs

Preview Specs
M550 Grabber

Preview Specs
M575 Grabber

Preview Specs
M580 Grabber
Preview Specs

Preview Specs
Z915 Check Prices Grabber

Preview Specs

Preview Specs
Kodak SLICE Specs Price-

Preview
Discontinued Cameras
Street Test User
Kodak DC200 Specs Test Price-
Full Review
0.9 megapixel, Non-Zoom Images Grabber
Kodak DC200 Plus Specs
ESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Primary Research
The primary research includes questionnaire fill ups inclusive of the likes and dislikes of the
respondents in photo film. What they did in their idle time i.e. what things they gave preference to
etc. later on the sample of 100 such questionnaire a complete analysis of the data has been
undertaken in the form of charts and diagrams to understand the choice of the listeners.
Secondary research
Secondary research would include articles from journals and magazines. The qualitative
resources have been the depth interviews which were conducted.
Operational Setup-
The success of any survey is depends upon resources, quality and timing and
integrity of the surveyor who compiles the primary data. So it is a very important task is to manage
all the available resources which make impact on the quality of survey.
Approach-
The approach behind a surveyor the project varies with the purpose of the survey. Under
this report, "quantitative" approach is used which is concerned with the objective
assessment of the availability and display that is clearly visible and can be easily
quantified. No subjective assessment is involved in this report.
Place-
The survey was conducted at 50 retailer outlet in Bareilly City.
Area of survey
For performing any survey a sample is selected from the population. All the consumers are
chosen from different location of the Bareilly City.
Planning:For a successful compilation and best result within a limited time the planning was
must. In this way the first step was to design an appropriate data form we can say it questionnaire
that covers all the mandatory areas of information that is to be analyzed. The data form which I
was used to collect data was designed by me and my immediate supervisor.
Schedule:To achieve the desired goal it was necessary to make schedule of tasks which were
handed over to us. So keeping in view the original objective, the content of the schedule was
prepared. Then I and my group members collected data from the desired field. Since the data form
distribution and collection was an official work so it was a time taking process. In the meantime it
was our work to keep in touch with our fields.
Sampling Design :
Design is the plan, structure & strategy of investigation conceived so as to attain answer to
questions' to survey and to control the variances. According to this project's / survey's purpose the
analytical, interpretive/objective design was chosen.
Data Collection Method :

The two sources for data collection are documentary or secondary and field or primary is used.
Because I have to collect the information, which is fickle in nature, the availability and display of
the product changes even each and every day, therefore questionnaire is selected as the survey
instrument. The forms used for the survey were close-ended questionnaire consisting of various
items.
I have covered Bareilly city & took data of different it was great to visit photo studio combining
all the factors together make the sample design for the project very important for the real extract
from the market. According to my judgment and to cover all the major areas the sample was
selected. The sample size was 100 listeners.
Statistical Tools:
Representation of statistical data by diagram, graphs, charts or pictures is more effective than
tabular representation being easily intelligible to a layman, indeed diagrams is most essential
whenever it is required to convey any statistical information to the general public.
The more important types of diagram which are use in statistical work are:-
1. Bar Diagram:
Mode of diagrammatic representation of data is the bar diagram. In this method bar of equal
width are taken for the different items of the series. The length of the bar represents value of the
variables concerned.
2. Pie Chart:
It is a circle whose area is divided proportionately among the different components by straight
lines drawn from the center to the circumference of the circle. When statistical data are given for a
number of categories and we are
interested in the comparison of various categories or between a part of the whole, such a diagram
is very helpful in effectively displaying the data.
Sample Size : 100
Type of Sampling : Random Sampling.
QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTIONNAIRE
NOTE:- This questionnaire is only for academic purpose and in no case
your identity will be revealed.
A market survey report on customer preference

towards to brands of digital camera (A case of Kodak
vs Sony )
♣ Name.
♣ Contact No.
PERSONAL DETAILS:
♣ Gender
a) Male [ ] b) Female [ ]
♣ Occupation
a) Businessman [ ] b) Service [ ]
c) Self Employed [ ] d) others [ ]
♣ Age group
a) 20-30[ ] b) 30-40 [ ]
c) 40-50 [ ] d) 50 & above [ ]
♣ Income
a)10,000-20,000[ ] b) 20,000-30,000[ ]
c) 30,000-40,000[ ] d) 40,000 & above[ ]
♣ Do you own a digital camera ?

a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
♣ Which brand of digital camera do you own?

a) Kodak[ ] b)Sony [ ]
♣ How would you rate after sale service of Kodak digital

camera?
a) Excellent [ ] b) Good [ ]
c) Average [ ] d) Poor [ ]
♣ How would you rate after sale service of Sony digital camera?
♣ How would you rate price of Kodak digital camera?

♣ How would you rate price of Sony digital camera?

♣ How would you rate clearity of Kodak digital camera?

♣ How would you rate clearity of Sony digital camera?

♣ “Kodak camera is available in variety of colours.” Do you

agree?
a) Strongly Agree [ ] b) Agree[ ]
c) Disagree [ ] d) Strongly Disagree [ ]
♣ “Sony camera is available in variety of colours.” Do you

agree?
a) Strongly Agree [ ] b) Agree [ ]
♣ How would you rate memory capacity of Kodak digital

camera?
♣ How would you rate memory capacity of Sony digital camera?

♣ Are you satisfied with zooming facility of Kodak camera?
a) Highly satisfied [ ] b) Satisfied[ ]
c) Dissatisfied [ ] d) Highly Dissatisfied [ ]

♣ How would you rate of about battery backup Kodak digital

camera?
♣ How would you rate about battery backup of Sony digital

camera?
Suggestions if any:-
DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
♣ Do you own a digital camera ?
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
0%
Yes
No
100%
♣ Which brand of digital camera do you own?
a) Kodak[ ] b)Sony [ ]
44%
Kodak
Sony
56%
♣ How would you rate after sale service of Kodak digital
camera?
18%
36%
Excellent
Good
Average
24% Poor
22%
♣ How would you rate after sale service of Sony digital camera?
6%
26% 36% Excellent

Good
Average
Poor
32%
♣ How would you rate price of Kodak digital camera?
8%
32%
22% Excellent
Good
Average
Poor
38%
♣ How would you rate price of Sony digital camera?
14%
24%
Excellent
Good
Average
Poor
34%
28%
♣ How would you rate clearity of Kodak digital camera?
22%
36% Excellent
Good
Average
16% Poor
26%
♣ How would you rate clearity of Sony digital camera?
20%
30%
Excellent
Good
Average
Poor
24%
26%
♣ “Kodak camera is available in variety of colours.” Do you
agree?
a) Strongly Agree [ ] b) Agree[ ]

6%
24% Strongly Agree
42%
Agree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
28%
♣ “Sony camera is available in variety of colours.” Do you
agree?
a) Strongly Agree [ ] b) Agree [ ]

8%
30%
24% Strongly Agree
Agree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
38%
♣ How would you rate memory capacity of Kodak digital
camera?
22%
28%
Excellent
Good
Average
Poor
24%
26%
♣ How would you rate memory capacity of Sony digital camera?
18%
32%
Excellent
Good
Average
26% Poor
24%

6%
14%
32%
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
48%

8%
24% Highly satisfied

48% Satisfied
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
20%
♣ How would you rate of about battery backup Kodak digital
camera?
18% 12%
Excellent
Good
Average
20% Poor
50%
♣ How would you rate about battery backup of Sony digital
camera?
16%
Excellent
16%
Good
Average
54%
Poor
14%
Conclusion
From this project titled "Comparative Study on Customer Satisfaction For KODAK and
Sony digital camera ” I have learned a lot about real practical work being done in the market I
have also watched & learned the practical applicability of the various things that we have studied
theoretically.
I observed on the basis of survey in BAREILLY city that Sony laid emphasis on merchandising
in order to become the No.1 brand in digital camera industry.
Sony adopt a good customer relationship management, it is focus on the, segment of the product
because each segment is affected by different sets of factor which hamper or enhance sales. Each
segment had its own Pros & Cons. So we have to understand the various segment of Camera
industry that which flavor is existing more in the market,
RECOMMENDATIONS AMD SUGGESSIONS
 Although the products of both the companies are very good & has good command
in market . Sony is market leader in Digital Camera.
 Kodak should try to make stronger brand in Digital cameras, Sony is still leader.
 Kodak should work more on concept of CRM (Making new customers & retaining
old ones.
 Cash discounts and offers (Free gift) must be given.
 More competitive pricing to be done in the premium segment.
 Quick handling of problems in digital camera at dealer and service centre level. .
 Online ordering facility & electronic payment through website can save a lot of
time.
LIMITATION OF RESEARCH
The study is limited to eastern region of coca cola which is a multinational company, so
the area plays as a constraint in the study.
• the time period allotted for the study was only of two months, which may provide a
deceptive picture in comparison of the study based on long run. The study was based on
both primary and secondary data but the relevance of the secondary data may not be
justified.
• The success of any survey depends upon the quality and integrity of the surveyor who
collects the basic data by expressing the subject under the study and on the respondents
who provides the data required by filling up the questionnaire .The accuracy of the data
collected solely depends upon the cooperation and truthfulness of the person who is being
interviewed.
• Interaction skills as well as the behaviour of the respondents also played as a
constraints during the research.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Research Methodology, Kothari. C.R., Research Methodology Methods &

Techniques, New-Delhi, Wishwa Prakashan, edition 2003.
2. Multi Level & Direct Marketing, Branding, Kotler, Philip., Marketing
Management, Delhi, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd, 11th edition.
3. Marketing Strategy, Varshney, R.L. & Bhattacharya, B., International
Marketing Management, New-Delhi, Sultan Chand & Sons edition 2003.
4. Company Profile, Web-Site:- www.kodak.com <http://www.kodak.com>,
www.pepsico.com
5. Merchandising & Route Productivity, www.ask-jeeves.com,
www.distributing-company.com.
6. Retailing, Company Souvenirs.
DECLARATION
I do hereby declare that the Research Report on titled “A MARKET SURVAY

REPORT ON CUSTOMER PREFERENCE TOWARDS TO BRANDS OF DIGITAL
CAMERA ”[ A CASE OF KODAK VS SONY] , submitted in partial fulfillment of
requirement of BBA program me 2010-2011 batch offer by “IIMS.” Bareilly is based on
genius works undertaken during the course of the Research Report has not been submitted
to any other institutions or university to the fulfillment of any other course of study or any
other purpose.
Mayank Saxena
BBA IVth Sem
Roll No. 108103

Comparison Kodak Vs Sony IIMS

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A MARKET SURVEY

REPORT ON “CUSTOMER PREFERENCE

Under guidance of : Submitted By:

To whom it may concern

This is certify that Mr. Mayank Saxena student of BBA IV

Prof. Arpan K. Khastagir Project Guide

To study about the Sony Corporation & Kodak India

Sony Corporation is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato,

Masaru Ibuka, the co-founder of Sony

The Sony building in the Ginza area of Chūō, Tokyo

Notable Sony products, technologies and proprietary formats

Sony's BRAVIA series HDTV

Sony's retail store, Sony Style

Sony VAIO fashion show in 2008

Mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures

Digital rights management

Company: Sony India Pvt. Ltd.

Branch Delhi, Haryana, Ludhiana, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata,

Business Marketing, Sales and After-Sales Service of electronic products &

Corporate Social Responsibility

Cyber-shot™ Digital Camera

Double Anti-blur Technology

Clear Photo LCD Plus

BIONZ Image Processing Engine

Intelligent Scene Recognition

12.1 Mega Pixels

Face Detection Technology

Clear Photo LCD Plus

Face Detection Technology

Double Anti-blur Technology

Clear Photo LCD Plus

Carl Zeiss Vario-Tessar Lens

Intelligent Scene Recognition

Clear Photo LCD Plus

BIONZ Image Processing Engine

Intelligent Scene Recognition

All Sony Digital Camera Prices

Sony Cyber- Express $306.24 Specs Test Price-

Sony Cyber-shot DSC-

Sony Cyber-shot DSC-F55V Specs

Sony Cyber-shot DSC-P5 Specs Test Price-

The logo from 1987 to 2006.[5]

Digital picture frames

Consumer inkjet printers and ink cartridges

Kodak Canada, Ryerson University

The all-glass SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH VARIOGON Lens delivers remarkable

Intelligent scene detection—detects and analyzes scene conditions

EASYSHARE V1073 Digital Camera

EASYSHARE Z980 Digital Camera

Vertical shutter release

EASYSHARE Z8612 IS Digital Camera

12X zoom with optical image stabilization

EASYSHARE Z1285 Zoom Digital Camera

Experience HD video playback at 720p and 1080i resolution

High ISO mode—capture the details

Print better, brighter pictures

Kodak's Smart Capture feature

Intelligent scene detection—detects and analyzes scene conditions

Amazing quality prints with 10.2 MP

Kodak's Smart Capture feature

Intelligent scene detection—detects and analyzes scene conditions

• A pocket full of style.