MGMT625 Mid Term Papers

MIDTERM EXAMINATION
Spring 2010
MGMT625- Change Management (alt. code=HRM625)
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

“Learning that creates stability and culture is different from the learning that enables organizations to
innovate as they encounter changing conditions in both their external and internal environment.”
Which of the following experts gave above mentioned concept?
► Schein
► Charles
► Toffler
► Schon
A systematic approach to deal with change, both from the perspective of an organization and on the
individual level is called:
► Change management
► Management
► Conflict management
► Crisis management
In McKinsey 7-S framework for business success, how the employees think and behave is termed as:
► Staff
► Strategy
► Structure
► Style
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Kurt Lewin's famous three-stage prescriptive model of
change that was developed in the 1950s?
► Refreezing attitudes
► Melting resistance
► Unfreezing current attitudes
► Moving to a new level
Which of the following statement describes logical incrementalism in terms of strategy development?
► The deliberate development of strategy by experimentation and learning from partial
commitments
► The utilization by top managers of a mixture of formal and informal social and political processes
► Systematized, step-by-step, chronological procedures to develop or coordinate an organization’s
strategy
► Experimentation with side bet ventures and allowing developments to emerge from subsystems
Transactional leadership has which of the following characteristics?
► Seeks to pick up the mood of the audience
► Takes the view that rewards and punishment motivate staff
► Seeks to involve staff in the decision making process
► Believes success arises from leaders and staff working together
Which of the following is an organizational culture in which people have clearly delegated authorities
within a highly defined structure?
► Power culture
► Role culture
► Task culture
► Person culture
Which of the following is an organizational culture in which all individuals believe themselves
superior to the organization?
► Power culture
► Role culture
► Task culture
► Person culture
Which of the following theories follows prescribed modality?
► Dialectical theories
► Life cycle theories
► Teleological theories
► Management theories
Introduction of new training program in an organization in order to enhance productivity level refers to
which of the following?
► Missionary phase
► Modification phase
► Maturity phase
► Declining phase
Which of the following theories establishes that “Goal is considered as a final cause for guiding
movement of an entity”?
► Life cycle theory
► Teleological theory
► Dialectical theory
► Evolutionary theory
Which one of the following theories states that “Every phenomenon contains a contradiction within
it”?
Which of the following occurs in an organization principally through the competition of scarce
resources?
► Variation
► Selection
► Retention
► Deviation
What does the acronym TQM stand for?
► Total Quality Manufacturing
► Total Quality Measurement
► Total Quality Management
► Total Quantitative Method
Identify a theory according to which environment plays decisive role in the selection of forms,
processes and practices in organization.
Which of the following is a major benefit of quality management movement?
► It is based on discontinuous processes
► It forces organizations to continue the evolution
► It focuses on drastic changes
► It discourages innovation
According to Levinthal, an incremental change in an organizational routine in response to feedback
about outcome refers to:
► Learning
► Adaptation
► Selection
► Retention
Which of the following is an internal source of structural inertia?
► Sunk cost
► New technology
► Government regulations
► Social legitimacy
Identify a scholar who defined specie as “a form of organization that exists through generations of
individual organizations which are members of the specie".
Weber
Hannan
McKelvey
Taylor
Actions which can be seen as spreading from one organization to another are known as:
Learning
Contagion
Adaptation
Flexibility
When the organization has become too large and complex to be managed through formal programs and
rigid systems, which of the following crisis is created?
Control crisis
Autonomy crisis
Leadership crisis
Red tape crisis
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the period of direction phase?
Incentives, budgets and work standards are adopted
Accounting systems for inventory and purchase are introduced
Communication is frequent and informal within organization
Communication becomes more formal and impersonal
"Same organizational practices are not maintained throughout a long time span". This refers to which
of the following dimensions of Greiner’s model?
Age of organization
Growth rate of the industry
Size of the organization
Structure of the organization
Application of standard operating procedures refers to:
Rule following
Problem solving
Decision making
Learning process
Identify the term which describes “the ways of organizing that are defined as right and proper by both
members and relevant sectors of the environment”.
Normative Order
Formal structure
Patterns of activity
Span of control
Which one of the following strategies refers to slow, gradual and incremental type of change in terms
of strategic management?
Internal development
External development
Revolutionary development
Radical development
Kurt Lewin's three-step model for successful change in organizations includes:
Refreeze move and unfreeze
Unfreeze move and freeze
Unfreeze change and refreeze
Change refreezes and unfreeze
In terms of strategy development, logical incrementalism refers to:
The deliberate development of strategy by experimentation and learning from partial
commitments
The utilization by top managers of a mixture of formal and informal social and political processes to
draw together an emerging pattern of strategies from these subsystems
Systematized, step-by-step, chronological procedures to develop or coordinate an organization’s
strategy
Experimentation with side bet ventures and allowing developments to emerge from subsystems
Question No: 29 ( Marks: 3 )
How did a scholar, Winter, relate quality management movement (QMM) to evolutionary theory of
change?
Ans:
Mr. Winter relate the QMM to evolutionary theory of change.
According to that,
1- Systematic routines can give the result in producing opportunities for more improvement.
2- Firms are not coming from books, these are coming from evolution and histories.
List down some of the features of 'Coordination phase'.
Ans: Feature are
In this phase
1- Decisions related expenditures are carefully decided.
2- High managerial staff hired at head office to have good check and balance on line managers.
3- Return on Investment is an important key in this phase and every product is treated as investment.
How can you distinguish between devil’s advocacy and dialectical inquiry process?
Ans:
Devil’s Advocacy Process:
In this process, planners present their recommendations and managers take decision as role of devil
advocate. The focus is on that what is going wrong with plan and what actions can be taken to get on
plan.
Dialectical Inquiry process
Every one has unique knowledge and seeking for consensus for activity. Every one share his
discussion to get good results.
Explain competency multiplier with the help of an example.
PAPER 2

“Learning that creates stability and culture is different from the learning that enables organizations to
innovate as they encounter changing conditions in both their external and internal environment.”
Which of the following experts gave above mentioned concept?
► Schein
► Charles
► Toffler
► Schon
Which of the following is a process of setting objectives, or goals, and formulating policies, strategies,
and procedures to meet them?
► Planning
► Organizing
► Leading
► Controlling
McDonalds is a U.S. based firm but it also sells its products in Pakistan. This is an example of which
of the following?
► Localization
► Internationalization
► Globalization
► Glocalization
Toyota, a Japanese firm, but is manufacturing cars in Kentucky. This is an example of which of the
following?
► Internationalization
► Globalization
► Localization
► Glocalization
Sony introduces hundreds of new products (including improved products) every year. This continuous
change is the most effective organizational environment for which of the following?
► Refreezing
► Unfreezing
► Negotiations
► Resistance
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Kurt Lewin's famous three-stage prescriptive model of
change that was developed in the 1950s?
► Refreezing attitudes
► Melting resistance
► Unfreezing current attitudes
► Moving to a new level
Which of the following is an organizational culture in which people have clearly delegated authorities
within a highly defined structure?
► Power culture
► Role culture (Not Sure)
► Task culture
► Person culture
Which of the following is an organizational culture in which teams are formed to solve particular
problems?
► Power culture
► Role culture
► Task culture
► Person culture
Which of the following refers to birth of an organization according to Baird & Meshoulam?
► Organization initiation
► Functional growth
► Controlled growth
► Strategic integration
The belief of an organization that its policies are superior to that of any other organization. This refers
to which of the following?
► Polycentricism
► Geocentricism
► Regiocentricism
► Ethnocentricism
Which of the following theories operate on a single entity?
► Life cycle and teleological theories
► Teleological and dialectical theories
► Dialectical and evolutionary theories
► Evolutionary and life cycle theories
According to which of the following “dialectics means the process of change, logic and a method”?
► Aristotle
► Hegel
► Marx
► Plato
In which of the following approach assumptions behind the plan are not shared with organizational
members?
► Expert system approach
► Devil’s advocate approach
► Dialectical inquiry approach
► External analysis approach
Identify an approach in which the role of managers’ behavior is destructive rather than constructive.
► Expert system approach
► Devil’s advocate approach
► Dialectical inquiry approach
► External analysis approach
Which of the following is NOT a weakness of devil’s advocacy approach?
► It gives no solution
► It demoralizes managers
► It makes managers’ behavior destructive
► It focuses on what is going wrong
Which one of the following theories explains 'Change' as a recurrent, cumulative, and probabilistic
progression of variation, selection, and retention among entities in a designated population?
► Life cycle theories
► Teleological theories
► Dialectical theories
► Evolutionary theories
Identify an approach in which traits can be acquired within a generation through learning and
imitation.
► Darwinian approach
► Lamarckian approach
► Managerial approach
► Biological approach
According to Greiner, in his five phases of growth model, what type of crisis follows phase 4 (growth
through coordination)?
► Control crisis
► Autonomy crisis
► Leadership crisis
► Red tape crisis
When there is a lack of confidence and trust between line and staff, which of the following crisis is
created?
► Control crisis
► Autonomy crisis
► Leadership crisis
► Red tape crisis
Which of the following is an internal source of structural inertia?
► Sunk cost
► New technology
► Government regulations
► Social legitimacy
Internal politics for vested interests amongst organizational members refers to:
Structural inertia
Natural selection
Adaptation
Variation
"Cause and effect" refers to:
Concept of causality
Concept of change
Concept of adaptability
Concept of selection
According to Hannan and Freeman, which of the following is Not an attribute in determining
organizational specie?
Normative order
Formal structure
Patterns of activity
Environmental forces
Identify a phase, which emphasizes on spontaneity in managerial actions through teams and the skillful
confrontation of interpersonal differences.
Collaboration
Formalization
Renewal
Delegation
Which one of the following strategies refers to revolutionary type of change, in terms of strategic
management?
Incremental development
Gradual development
Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one http://vustudents.ning.com
Mergers and acquisitions are examples of which of the following developments?
Incremental development
Gradual development
In terms of strategy development, logical incrementalism refers to:
The deliberate development of strategy by experimentation and learning from partial
commitments
The utilization by top managers of a mixture of formal and informal social and political processes to
draw together an emerging pattern of strategies from these subsystems
Systematized, step-by-step, chronological procedures to develop or coordinate an organization’s
strategy
Experimentation with side bet ventures and allowing developments to emerge from subsystems
Whenever any new program is introduced in an organization in order to enhance its productivity level,
problem of acceptance arises which comes primarily from three sources: interpersonal, organizational
and environmental. Identify which of the following is its environmental source.
Competitive pressure
Budgetary allocations
Learning new terminology
Altering superior-subordinate relationships
Briefly describe dialectical approach in context of organization.
Answer: The dialectical approach can be defined in congestion with the definition of the organization
as a system may be called dialectical if it examines a situation completely and logically from two
different points of view. Further this approach begins by identifying the prevailing or recommended
plan and the data which were used to derive it.
Question No: 30 (Marks: 3)
What do you know about vital rates?
Vital rates means death rates and founding rates. This is not only true for the study of large
organizations but also of entrepreneurship and small businesses. Following to be learn:
Role of competition
Institutional constraints
Role of government
Question No: 31 (Marks: 5)
Discuss leadership crisis with respect to organizations and how can this be managed.
Answer: As company grows, needs larger production, specialized knowledge, better marketing and
finance techniques and need of capital, therefore needs increased number of professional people in all
functional areas.
This is very difficult and cannot be managed at an informal level, further formalization, procedurals
also come into play for their respective financial and managerial control. The owners found themselves
with unwanted managerial responsibilities, as they still try to act it in the past ways. Owners enter into
conflict with managers. This issue is cited as agency theory in corporate governance and strategic
management courses. At this point crisis of leadership occurs – the first revolution.
The Owner / founders, often hate to step aside even though they are probably temperament wise
unsuited to be managers. So the developmental choice for founder is to choose strong manager and
step aside for perpetual growth or select week manager and compromise on growth
What is the relationship of evolutionary theories with other theories of change?
Answer: This theory incorporates variety and range of views. This theory is quite in full in comparison
with other theories like. The OLC is again like parallel explanations of evolutionary theory.
The same is trying to evolve in each stage of its development as followings:
- Be competitive.
- Environmental background.
The Teleological theory explains change in terms of purposive and careful ways of objective setting,
compatible with teleological – consistency in policies and objective for stable evolution of
organization With in organization we have dialectics and dialectical thinking; have to incorporate
opposing view point so as to come forth with effective policy outcome.

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MIDTERM EXAMINATION

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Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

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