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So far, we’ve been concentrating on the capacitors that are external to the
transistor in an amplifier circuit and provide coupling or bypass functions.
These components are treated as series capacitances and determine the
low frequency response of the amplifier, which may be found by the method
of short circuit time constants using the ac small signal model as discussed
in the previous section.
In Section H2, an approximation for the high frequency cutoff was given in
terms of the transfer function poles as
−1
⎡ ⎤ 1
ω H ≅ ⎢∑ τ i ⎥ = .
⎣ i ⎦ ∑ C i Reqi
i
1
ωH ≅ ,
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + +K− − − −K
ω P21 ω P22 ω P23 ω Z21 ω Z2 2 ω Z2 3
while always keeping in mind that if we can define a dominant pole, life is
good and calculations become easy!
Miller Theorem
By analyzing each of the above circuits individually, and realizing that the
voltage gain, Av, and currents, I1 and I2, must remain constant regardless of
the circuit representation, your author derives expressions for the shunt
impedances Z1 and Z2 in terms of the series impedance Z as
Z Z
Z1 = and Z2 = . (Equations 10.46 & 10.47)
1 − Av 1− 1
Av
v out =
(1 sC )v in =
v in
=
v in
.
R + 1 sC sCR + 1 1 + jωRC
v b 'e rb'e r
hre = = ≅ b'e , (Equation 10.54)
v ce rb'e + rb'c rb'c
Also included in Figure 10.15a are three capacitances, one between each of
the device terminals. Specifically
C b'e = C de + C je .
Since the first term is larger than the second, Cb’e is approximately equal
to the diffusion capacitance (also called the base-charging capacitance)
and usually has a value in the range of 1 to 200pF. The value of Cb’e may
be estimated by
gm 1 | I CQ |
C b'e ≈ = = , (Equation 10.56)
2πfT 2πfT re 2πfT VT